Biographical Studies in Psychology Practice Questions
Course Introduction
Biographical Studies in Psychology explores the lives and contributions of prominent figures in the field of psychology, examining how their personal histories, cultural contexts, and individual experiences shaped their theories and research. Through the analysis of biographical materials, students gain insights into major psychological movements and ideas, as well as how the development of the discipline has been influenced by key personalities. The course encourages critical reflection on the intersection between personal narrative and scientific progress, fostering an appreciation for the diversity and complexity of psychological thought.
Recommended Textbook
Pioneers of Psychology 5th Edition by Raymond E. Fancher
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
17 Chapters
1445 Verified Questions
1445 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/824
Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction: Studying the History of Psychology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
36 Verified Questions
36 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/16332
Sample Questions
Q1) new history of psychology
A)argues that we cannot overcome the perspective of our present moment,that his-tory should be motivated by a desire to better understand present issues,and that the present state of the field is not necessarily "better" or more "correct"
B)efforts to understand the past as it was actually experienced by those at a given point in history
C)moves beyond celebratory histories of great men and great ideas to reflect the field's greater diversity and contextual development
D)views and judges historical events from the standpoint of the present
Answer: B
Q2) Franz Mesmer's theory of animal magnetism made sense in the late eighteenth century because
A) animals were found to have magnetic currents flowing through their bodies.
B) a number of other invisible forces in nature were identified at this time.
C) it had been conclusively shown that animals could be hypnotized.
D) the use of magnets to redirect the body's natural energy was a popular medical treatment.
Answer: B
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 3
Chapter 2: Foundational Ideas from Antiquity
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
85 Verified Questions
85 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/16333
Sample Questions
Q1) final cause
A)the actions or interactions that bring the caused thing into being
B)the idea or plan behind a caused thing
C)the purpose for which the thing is caused
D)the substance out of which something is made
Answer: C
Q2) The seven-volume Book of Optics was based on extensive experiments and observations on optics and visual perception.It was written by A) Alhazen.
B) Aristotle.
C) Avicenna.
D) Plato.
Answer: A
Q3) material cause
A)the actions or interactions that bring the caused thing into being
B)the idea or plan behind a caused thing
C)the purpose for which the thing is caused
D)the substance out of which something is made
Answer: D
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 4
Chapter 3: Pioneering Philosophers of Mind: Descartes, Locke, and Leibniz
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
91 Verified Questions
91 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/16334
Sample Questions
Q1) Leibniz's sentient monads are presumably dominant in __________,while rational monads reside in __________.
A) plants; higher animals
B) animals; human beings
C) everything in the universe; human beings
D) all plants and animals; God
Answer: B
Q2) In the Treatise of Man,Descartes provided mechanistic explanations for all the following functions EXCEPT
A) reason.
B) memory.
C) sensation.
D) imagination.
Answer: A
Q3) innate ideas
A)clear yellowish fluid that fills the brain cavities
B)conscious awareness of one's emotions
C)ideas that derive from the nature of the thinking soul itself
D)properties of physical phenomena that could not be analyzed or doubted
Answer: C
Page 5
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 4: Physiologists of Mind: Brain Scientists from Gall to Penfield
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
86 Verified Questions
86 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/16335
Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the significance of Brenda Milner's work with H.M.
Q2) Which of the following was the major technique used by Pierre Flourens in his attempts to refute phrenological theory?
A) experimental ablations from the brains of animals
B) careful observation of brain-injured human patients
C) observation of human patients recovering from brain surgery
D) electrical stimulation of different parts of animals' brains
Q3) Sensory aphasia is also known as __________,while motor aphasia is also known as __________.
A) Wernicke's aphasia; conduction aphasia
B) Wernicke's aphasia; Broca's aphasia
C) Broca's aphasia; Wernicke's aphasia
D) Conduction aphasia; Broca's aphasia
Q4) Donald O.Hebb
A)Brain Mechanisms and Intelligence
B)Permanent Present Tense
C)The Organization of Behavior
Q5) What is phrenology and what aspect of the theory has had lasting significance?
Q7) Define sensory aphasia and motor aphasia. Page 6
Q6) Describe the work of Paul Broca with "Tan" and its significance.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 7
Chapter 5: The Sensing and Perceiving Mind: From Kant through
the Gestalt Psychologists
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
91 Verified Questions
91 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/16336
Sample Questions
Q1) Koffka
A)Nanna,or on the Soul-life of Plants
B)Principles of Gestalt Psychology
C)Productive Thinking
D)The Theory of the Sensation of Tone as a Physiological Basis for the Theory of Music
Q2) What,for Helmholtz,was the connection between defects in vision and Kant's interpretation of the nature of experience?
Q3) Within the structure of the eye,the lens brings near objects into focus by bulging in the middle and brings distant objects into focus by assuming a relatively flat shape.This process is known as
A) accommodation.
B) perception.
C) sensation.
D) inference.
Q4) Gustav Fechner used the pen-name "Dr.Mises" for which of his writings?
A) his earliest publications on internal medicine
B) his often satirical medical and philosophical speculations
C) his works on theoretical physics
D) his work as a newspaper self-help columnist
Page 8
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 6: Wundt and the Establishment of Experimental Psychology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
83 Verified Questions
83 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/16337
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following was NOT proposed in the Preface of Wundt's early textbook,Contributions to the Theory of Perception,where he described the program that would occupy him for the rest of his life?
A) an experimental psychology to introspectively study the facts of consciousness
B) a psychology for studying the higher mental functions based on historical, comparative, and ethnographic analyses
C) a psychology of individual differences, applying facts of general psychology toward an understanding of single personalities
D) the systematic study of reaction times
Q2) directed association
A)introspective accounts of consciousness free of identifiable sensations or feelings
B)preliminary orientations toward stimuli,which are outside of conscious awareness,but influence a subject's associations
C)the association of stimulus words according to specific instructions rather than in a completely free fashion
Q3) Define Völkerpsychologie.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 7: The Evolving Mind: Darwin and His Psychological Legacy
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
82 Verified Questions
82 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/16338
Sample Questions
Q1) Alfred Russel Wallace is known for which of the following?
A) independently developing the theory of evolution by natural selection and having a paper on it read jointly with one by Darwin in 1858
B) anticipating Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection by several years but neglecting to publish it
C) collaborating with Darwin on a paper describing the theory of evolution by natural selection, which was read at a meeting of the Linnean Society in 1858
D) plagiarizing much of Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection and presenting it as his own at a meeting of the Linnean Society in 1858
Q2) According to Darwin,during his time as a student at Cambridge University the extracurricular activity that gave him the most pleasure was A) playing cards.
B) eating strange foods with the Gourmet Club.
C) practicing his taxidermy skills.
D) collecting beetles.
Q3) How was Thomas Malthus's work important to Darwin's thinking about evolution?
Q4) Define the theory of evolution by natural selection.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 10
Chapter 8: Measuring the Mind: Galton and Individual Differences
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
84 Verified Questions
84 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/16339
Sample Questions
Q1) Francis Galton made important contributions to all of the following fields EXCEPT A) meteorology.
B) geology.
C) genetics.
D) statistics.
Q2) As a result of organizing his data into __________,Galton noticed a pattern he termed regression toward the mean.
A) normal distributions
B) regression lines
C) scatter plots
D) bell curves
Q3) Galton's theories were substantially influenced by all of the following scientists EXCEPT
A) John Stuart Mill.
B) Charles Darwin.
C) Adolphe Quetelet.
D) Alphonse de Candolle.
Q4) Define heritability.
Q5) What was Galton's Anthropometric Laboratory?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 11
Chapter 9: American Pioneers: James, Hall, Calkins, and Thorndike
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
85 Verified Questions
85 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/16340
Sample Questions
Q1) Edward Lee Thorndike
A)animal psychology
B)child study
C)psychology of the self
D)spiritism and psychical research
Q2) Describe Edward Lee Thorndike's studies of trial-and-error learning.
Q3) Edmund C.Sanford
A)Edward Lee Thorndike's study of transfer of training
B)Mamie Phipps Clark's doll study of racial identity development
C)Mary Whiton Calkins's experimental study of dreams
Q4) In the early 1900s Edward Thorndike collaborated with Robert S.Woodworth in an influential study of
A) maze learning in cats.
B) the genetics of intelligence.
C) the transfer of training in humans.
D) trial-and-error learning.
Q5) Kenneth Clark
A)Edward Lee Thorndike's study of transfer of training
B)Mamie Phipps Clark's doll study of racial identity development
C)Mary Whiton Calkins's experimental study of dreams
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 12
Chapter 10: Psychology as the Science of Behavior: Pavlov, Watson, and Skinner
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
90 Verified Questions
90 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/16341
Sample Questions
Q1) fixed-ratio reinforcement schedule
A)an operant conditioning schedule in which only the first response after the pas-sage of some specified period of time is reinforced
B)an operant conditioning schedule in which reinforcement occurs after randomly varying numbers of responses have been made
C)an operant conditioning schedule in which responses are reinforced only after a preset number of responses have been made
D)an operant conditioning schedule in which responses are reinforced after random-ly varying intervals of time
Q2) Following his dismissal from Johns Hopkins University,what became of John B.Watson?
A) He became embittered and dropped all interest in psychology.
B) He found a job and continued teaching psychology in Mexico.
C) He went into practice as an early proponent of behaviorally oriented psychotherapy.
D) He went into advertising while writing about psychology on the side.
Q3) Describe the Little Peter study.
Q4) Define variable-ratio reinforcement schedule.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 13
Chapter 11: Social Influence and Social Psychology: From
Mesmer to Milgram and Beyond
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
84 Verified Questions
84 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/16342
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following was one of the pioneers in the use of mesmerism as a surgical anesthetic?
A) Jean Charcot
B) The Marquis de Puységur
C) Gustave Le Bon
D) James Esdaile
Q2) Gustave Le Bon
A)argued that hypnotic susceptibility and hysteria were essentially the same thing
B)argued that susceptibility to hypnosis is simply one aspect of suggestibility more generally
C)described crowd behavior as similar to hypnotic effects
Q3) Hippolyte Bernheim
A)argued that hypnotic susceptibility and hysteria were essentially the same thing
B)argued that susceptibility to hypnosis is simply one aspect of suggestibility more generally
C)described crowd behavior as similar to hypnotic effects
Q4) What is the small world phenomenon?
Q5) Define posthypnotic suggestion.
14
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 12: Mind in Conflict: Freudian Psychoanalysis and Its Successors
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
91 Verified Questions
91 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/16343
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following would Freud NOT have seen as compromises created by the ego in response to conflicting demands made upon the psyche?
A) dreams
B) hysterical symptoms
C) defense mechanisms
D) cries of pain
Q2) What was significant about Saul Rosenzweig's doctoral research?
Q3) act psychology
A)Alfred Adler
B)Carl Jung
C)Franz Brentano
D)Melanie Klein
E)Sigmund Freud
Q4) Which of the following is true of the case of Dora?
A) It was one of Freud's most successful early cases.
B) It helped Freud develop the free-association technique.
C) It taught Freud the importance of transference.
D) It led Freud to the idea of the castration complex.
Q6) What was Karen Horney's criticism of Freud? Page 15
Q5) Why did Freud abandon his seduction theory?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 16
Chapter 13: Psychology Gets Personality : Allport, Maslow, and the Broadening Field
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
91 Verified Questions
91 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/16344
Sample Questions
Q1) Besides personality theory,Gordon Allport made significant contributions to the study of what?
A) religion and prejudice
B) giftedness and retardation
C) social facilitation and crowd behavior
D) moral development
Q2) self-actualization
A)a psychotherapeutic technique that entails mirroring back to the client the sub-stance of what he or she says,but in different words that encourage deeper explo-ration of the issues expressed
B)concept denoting the strong feelings of joy and other positive emotions that often accompany those "Aha" moments when suddenly the world is perceived in a new and appreciative way
C)Maslow's term for a utopian society in which every human has the ability to be-come self-actualized and reach his or her full potential
D)the tendency of psychologically healthy people to fulfill their potential
Q3) What was the person-situation controversy?
Q4) Define "third force."
Q5) Define idiographic and nomothetic methods.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 17
Chapter 14: The Developing Mind: Binet, Piaget, and the Study of Intelligence
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
91 Verified Questions
91 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/16345
Sample Questions
Q1) Piaget's work and theories had major impact on the development of all of the following areas EXCEPT
A) cognitive psychology.
B) educational psychology.
C) developmental psychology.
D) personality psychology.
Q2) IQ
A)a mathematical formula developed by Stern to summarize the results of a Binet-type intelligence test and consisting of the ratio of mental age to chronological age
B)Spearman's concept of a single common factor of generalized mental "power," applicable in some degree to all intellectual tasks
C)term for the single score result children received on Binet and Simon's intelli-gence tests
D)Terman's revision to Stern's intelligence quotient,which multiplied the fraction by 100 to eliminate decimals
E)the calculation of intelligence quotients so that they are indications of where sub-jects stand on normal distributions of previous results from people of their own age
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 18
Chapter 15: Minds, Machines, and Cognitive Psychology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
96 Verified Questions
96 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/16346
Sample Questions
Q1) Developments in computer technology and artificial intelligence helped set the stage for the emergence of cognitive psychology in all of the following ways EXCEPT for which of the following?
A) by emphasizing the internal processing that goes on between input and output
B) by strictly limiting investigation to the observable inputs and outputs to a system
C) by providing concepts and a language that were useful in describing human cognition
D) by encouraging psychologists to try to specify the steps involved in problem solving
Q2) What was a computer program that employed heuristics and a means-ends analysis in its attempt to simulate problem solving in a generally humanlike fashion called?
A) Logic Theorist
B) Pandemonium
C) General Problem Solver
D) the Chinese room
Q3) Define heuristic.
Q4) What is the difference between weak AI and strong AI?
Q5) What was the "new look" in perception?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 19
Chapter 16: Applying Psychology: From the Witness Stand to the Workplace
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
90 Verified Questions
90 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/16347
Sample Questions
Q1) Hugo Münsterberg
A)Children Above 180 IQ
B)Psychology and Industrial Efficiency
C)The Psychology of Advertising
D)The Psychology of Management
Q2) variation hypothesis
A)a commonly held social and scientific belief that women become physically and mentally impaired during their menstrual periods
B)a series of studies that revealed the power of the interpersonal environment to influence employee satisfaction and behavior
C)the belief that men were more variable than women in both physical and psychological characteristics,and therefore were more likely to occupy the lower and upper ends of the distribution of any trait
D)the increasing tendency to see almost every aspect of life from a psychological perspective
Q3) What are the Hawthorne studies? Why are they considered controversial?
Q4) What is the variation hypothesis and what did Leta Hollingworth conclude about its validity?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 20
Chapter 17: The Art and Science of Clinical Psychology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
89 Verified Questions
89 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/16348
Sample Questions
Q1) Who argued that a person who is depressed experiences a disruption in their ability to think like a scientist,that is,rationally and objectively?
A) David Shakow
B) Carl Rogers
C) Aaron Beck
D) Albert Ellis
Q2) The practice of examining patterns of scale scores on the MMPI,rather than individual scores in isolation,in order to generate diagnostic recommendations is known as
A) the criterion-group method.
B) projective testing.
C) profile analysis.
D) pattern recognition.
Q3) Explain David Shakow's attempt to objectively study psychotherapy.What was the significance of this effort?
Q4) What is the criterion-group method and how was it used to develop the MMPI?
Q5) What was Hans Eysenck's attitude toward clinical psychologists performing psychotherapy? Why did he hold this attitude?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 21