Behavioral Science in Business Solved Exam Questions
Course
Introduction
Behavioral Science in Business explores the application of psychological, cognitive, and social factors in understanding decision-making and behavior within organizations and markets. This course examines how behavioral insights can be leveraged to influence consumer choices, improve managerial effectiveness, and enhance workplace productivity. Students will analyze real-world case studies to uncover the impact of biases, heuristics, motivation, and group dynamics on business outcomes, and will learn to design strategies that account for human behavior to solve complex business challenges.
Recommended Textbook
Organizational Behavior An Evidence Based Approach 12th Edition by Fred Luthans
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14 Chapters
1138 Verified Questions
1138 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Organizational Behavior: an
Evidence-Based Approach
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76 Verified Questions
76 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to meta-analysis,if one study shows that a management technique doesn't work and another study shows that it does,an average of those results is the best estimate of how well that management practice works (or doesn't work).
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Roger,a sales manager for Heust Pvt.Ltd.,is impressed with his new sales executive,Tim.According to Roger,Tim is optimistic,can perform well under pressure,and is very confident about what he does.These qualities can be referred to as "positive psychological capital."
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) The behavioristic approach posits that cognitive processes such as thinking,expectancies,and perception exist and are essential to predict and control or manage behavior.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 2: Environmental Context: Globalization, diversity, and Ethics
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78 Verified Questions
78 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following organization is closest to being a multicultural organization?
A) Compliance organization
B) Club organization
C) Exclusionary organization
D) Redefining organization
Answer: D
Q2) In Japan a performance based incentive system providing a weekly bonus to the best worker is welcomed.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Awareness training alone is imperative to shift perceptions and bring about behavioral change.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Organizational Context: Design and Culture
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Partnerships forged through informational networks in a virtual organization are based on electronic contracts to speed the linkups and:
A) keep the lawyers away.
B) maintain professionalism.
C) maintain confidentiality.
D) prevent excessive bandwidth consumption.
Answer: A
Q2) The word <i>virtual</i> as used in virtual organizations comes from the popular 'virtual reality.'
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) New product development and information technology changes can be welcomed and accommodated with as little disruption and as few problems as possible if the appropriate organization culture is in place.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Organizational Context: Reward Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the traditional methods of administrating pay and their major problems.
Q2) The stock option plan allows senior-level managers to buy company stock in the future at a/ the _____ price.
A) predetermined fixed
B) spot
C) current
D) future market
Q3) Bonuses and stock options reward systems are practical only when performance can be easily and objectively measured.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Summarize the reasons why recognition may be as important as,or even more important than,money as a reward for today's employees.
Q5) Agency theory involves a new approach to understanding behavior by individuals and groups both inside and outside the organization.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Summarize the potential limitations of the individual incentive pay plans.
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Chapter 5: Personality,perception,and Employee Attitudes
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81 Verified Questions
81 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Personality is described as the way people affect others and the manner in which they understand and view themselves,as well as their pattern of inner and outer measurable traits and the person-situation interaction.
A)True
B)False
Q2) ) Ruth is a business analyst in a successful marketing firm.According to her manager Jim,she is dependable,hardworking,and self-disciplined.Considering only the qualities given,Ruth would score high on which of the following trait?
A) Agreeableness
B) Extraversion
C) Openness to experience
D) Conscientiousness
Q3) Self concept has to do with people's self-perceived competence and self-image. A)True
B)False
Q4) Most people give working conditions a great deal of thought,especially if they are very bad.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Motivational Needs,processes,and Applications
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Sample Questions
Q1) List and describe the attribution errors discussed in the text.
Q2) One of the main advantages of the agency theory is that it strongly emphasizes the roles that various forms of extrinsic and intrinsic motives play in shaping behaviors.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Severance pay,health insurance,and seniority plans fall under which of the following category in the hierarchy of work motivation?
A) Esteem needs
B) Social needs
C) Security needs
D) Basic needs
Q4) Which of the following includes pay plus the bonus check paid to the winners?
A) Valence
B) Instrumentality
C) Reinforcement
D) Expectancy
Q5) Explain the contributions of Herzberg's two-factor theory to work motivation.
Q6) According to the equity theory of work motivation,when does inequity and equity occur?
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Chapter 7: Positive Organizational Behavior and Psychological Capital
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85 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Daniel Goleman,which among the following EI dimensions is characterized by the ability to shake off negative emotions and get back on constructive track for problem solution?
A) Self-awareness
B) Social skills
C) Self-management
D) Empathy
Q2) Briefly explain the different kinds of mental abilities.
Q3) Based on the established research of positive psychologist Ann Masten and her colleagues,resiliency has been found to be influenced and developed by three types of factors: assets,risks,and adaptational processes.As per this research,risk factors can be managed:
A) through education,training,and nurturing social relationships.
B) by improving the quality of resources available for people to draw upon.
C) through appropriate physical and psychological healthcare.
D) by developing other positive psychological capacities.
Q4) Psychological capital transcends beyond economic,social,and human capital.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Define psychological capital or PsyCap.
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Chapter 8: Communication and Decision Making
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Sample Questions
Q1) Social pressures and influences may cause managers to make irrational decisions.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Vertical communication is required to make a coordinated,cross functional effort in achieving organizational goals.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What are the major categories of communication?
Q4) Briefly explain the characteristic of effective feedback.
Q5) When people assume that other people have the same knowledge that they do,and they communicate on this basis,the result if often:
A) improved feedback.
B) escalation of commitment.
C) paralanguage.
D) communication breakdown.
Q6) According to Herbert A.Simon,the second phase of the decision-making process-design activity-involves analyzing possible courses of action.
A)True
B)False
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Stress and Conflict
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Sample Questions
Q1) Doug is a frontline sales executive.He is neither interested in attending a training session on customer service nor in clearing out the store's stock room,but he has to make a choice between the two.This is an example of:
A) approach-approach conflict.
B) approach-avoidance conflict.
C) avoidance-negation conflict.
D) avoidance-avoidance conflict.
Q2) Managers engaged in long-range planning typically are very confident of a goal they have developed for the future.Yet,as the time gets near to commit resources and implement the plan,the negative consequences seem to appear much greater than they did in the developing stage.This is characteristic of which type of organizational goal conflict?
A) Approach-approach conflict.
B) Avoidance-negation conflict.
C) Approach-avoidance conflict.
D) Avoidance-avoidance conflict.
Q3) What is eustress?
Q4) Give some examples of extraorganizational stressors.
Q5) List the major sources of interpersonal conflict.
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Chapter 10: Power and Politics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Walter Nord suggests that organizations are composed of coalitions that compete with one another for resources,energy,and influence.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In operant learning terms,coercive power:
A) means that the person has the power to provide positive valences and that the other person perceives this ability.
B) means that the person has the power to administer punishment or negatively reinforce.
C) means that the manager has the power to administer positive reinforcers.
D) means that power comes from the expectation on the part of the other person that they will be punished for not conforming to the powerful person's desires.
Q3) Which of the following is a political strategy for attaining power in an organization?
A) Using research data to support other people's points of view
B) Making activities substitutable
C) Promoting limited communication
D) Downplaying competition among ambitious subordinates
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12
Chapter 11: Groups and Teams
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80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Briefly discuss the practicalities of group formation.
Q2) Coalitions and groups have common similarities with other types of groups,yet they are not as powerful and effective in organizations.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Although there is no one definition of the term group,there is a universal agreement on what is meant by group dynamics.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What are some dysfunctions of groups and teams? Briefly define each.
Q5) What,according to Warren Bennis,do effective groups having shared dreams and managing conflict abandon in the pursuit of a dream?
A) Rewards
B) Individual egos
C) Personal lives
D) Preformed work concepts
Q6) Discuss the comprehensive definition of a group that exists in an organization.
Q7) Describe a virtual team and a self-managed team.Why are these types of teams effective?
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Chapter 12: Behavioral Performance Management
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80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Skinner felt that classical conditioning explains only the _____ behavior.
A) acquired
B) perceived
C) reflexive
D) operant
Q2) Explain the differences between positive and negative reinforcement.Provide examples.
Q3) What are some of the areas in which the application of the behavioral management approach to improving employee performance have been successfully applied?
Q4) Some organizational behavior researchers are indeed using the operant framework to analyze specific areas such as escalation of _____,as well as more generally the effectiveness of _____ at work.
A) stress; rewards
B) performance; benefits
C) violence; security
D) commitment; managers
Q5) Explain a baseline measure.What is its purpose?
Q6) What are the specific differences between classical and operant conditioning?
Q7) Why is performance feedback considered a major reinforcer? Explain.
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Effective Leadership Processes
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Sample Questions
Q1) Briefly summarize the leader-member exchange (LMX)model.
Q2) According to Kerr and Jermier's substitutes and neutralizers for leadership,which among the following can be considered as an organization characteristic that can substitute for instrumental leadership?
A) Formalization
B) Inflexibility
C) Leader physically isolated from subordinates
D) Low position power of leader
Q3) According to the path-goal theory,two of the situational factors that have been identified are the personal characteristics of associates and the social pressures and demands facing associates.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The Ohio State factors have been identified as being task or goal orientation and recognition of _____ and relationships.
A) group needs
B) organizational needs
C) organizational goals
D) individual needs
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Chapter 14: Great Leaders: an Evidenced-Based Approach
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Sample Questions
Q1) Briefly,using the Real Managers Study,how do the author and his colleagues answer the questions: What do successful managers do? What do effective managers do?
Q2) Define frame alignment.
Q3) The goal of effective coaching is to move away from the concept that "managing equals creating a context for coaching" and forward to the idea that "managing equals controlling."
A)True
B)False
Q4) What are the 10 skills of highly effective managers according to Whetten and Cameron?
Q5) According to the Real Managers Study,it could be assumed that successful managers,using the speed of promotions as a measure of success,spend relatively more time and effort on:
A) managing conflict.
B) training/developing.
C) politicking.
D) motivating/reinforcing.
Q6) Discuss Hersey and Blanchard's life-cycle approach to leadership.
Q7) Discuss Nadler and Tushman's charismatic leadership styles with examples.
Page 16
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