Behavioral Neuroscience
Pre-Test Questions
Course Introduction
Behavioral Neuroscience explores the biological foundations of behavior by examining how the brain, nervous system, and neurotransmitters influence actions, thoughts, and emotions. This course investigates the neural mechanisms underlying processes such as perception, learning, memory, emotion, motivation, and social interactions, integrating evidence from both human and animal studies. Students will gain insight into common research methods in neuroscience and understand how disruptions in neural function contribute to psychological and psychiatric conditions. Through lectures, discussions, and practical exercises, the course bridges the gap between biology and behavior, providing a foundation for advanced study in psychology, neuroscience, or related fields.
Recommended Textbook
Psychological Science 5th Edition by Michael Gazzaniga
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15 Chapters
2560 Verified Questions
2560 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: The Science of Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Your friend gets in a traumatic car accident and the doctors are worried that she may develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).However,your friend seems to be coping well and is not showing any PTSD symptoms.How would a strict nature-only theorist explain this situation?
A) Your friend inherited a genetic resilience against stressors that can lead to PTSD.
B) Your friend must have a good support network that prevented her from developing PTSD.
C) Your friend inherited a genetic predisposition to PTSD.
D) Your friend needs a better support network if she wants to avoid developing PTSD.
Answer: A
Q2) Dr.Ebrahim examines how children's friendships change through the elementary and middle school years.Dr.Ebrahim is a(n)________ psychologist.
A) developmental
B) personality
C) cognitive
D) organizational
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: Research Methodology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Psychologists have greater confidence in research results when:
A) the data involve stimulus judgments.
B) the research has used participant observation.
C) the results are replicated.
D) there is an experimenter expectancy effect.
Answer: C
Q2) Which of the following statements is true of serendipity in science?
A) Serendipity plays no important role in science because unexpected findings have always been unimportant.
B) Serendipity has led to groundbreaking discoveries that immediately resulted in the Nobel Prize for researchers.
C) Serendipitous findings in science illustrate that research does not always proceed in an orderly fashion.
D) None of the above are true.
Answer: C
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4
Chapter 3: Biology and Behavior
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200 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the study conducted by Avshalom Caspi,boys who had been mistreated and showed the low-MAO gene were:
A) least likely to commit a crime.
B) responsible for more than half the crimes committed by the group.
C) no more likely to commit a crime than the boys without the low-MAO gene who had been mistreated.
D) no more likely to commit a crime than boys with the low-MAO gene who were not mistreated.
Answer: B
Q2) The phrase adrenaline rush refers to the action of the neurotransmitter:
A) dopamine.
B) serotonin.
C) acetylcholine.
D) epinephrine.
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Consciousness
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sleep deprivation can increase the activation of ________ receptors in the brain,which in turn can alleviate symptoms of ________.
A) serotonin; depression
B) dopamine; insomnia
C) norepinepherine; Alzheimer's
D) marijuana; stress
Q2) Like methamphetamine,________ increases the concentration of dopamine in the synapse.
A) cocaine
B) alcohol
C) MDMA
D) heroin
Q3) Which of the following would NOT be considered a psychoactive drug?
A) a stimulant such as Ritalin
B) cocaine
C) alcohol
D) antibiotics
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Chapter 5: Sensation and Perception
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Sample Questions
Q1) If the ventral stream of your visual cortex were not working temporarily,you would be unable to understand ________ an object is; but if your dorsal stream was still functioning,you could understand ________ an object is.
A) where; what
B) what; where
C) where; why
D) what; why
Q2) Diane is experimenting with the lighting she will use at a rock concert.When she lights the stage blue,she is flooding it with ________ wavelengths of light.If she wants to change the stage to look red,she will need to shift the light to include ________ wavelengths.To change from red to green,she will need to move to ________ wavelengths.
A) long; medium; short
B) long; short; medium
C) medium; long; short
D) short; long; medium
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Chapter 6: Learning
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements accurately describes the difference between associative and nonassociative learning?
A) Associative learning requires a conscious linking of two events together,whereas nonassociative learning does not.
B) Associative learning requires both cognition and behavior,whereas nonassociative learning requires only behavior.
C) Associative learning occurs with multiple stimuli,whereas nonassociative learning occurs with only one stimulus.
D) Associative learning can generalize to other contexts,whereas nonassociative learning cannot.
Q2) Adjusting to a phone ringing during a lecture is an example of ________ learning,whereas feeling excited when your own phone gives a text message alert is an example of ________ learning.
A) associative; nonassociative
B) nonassociative; associative
C) observational; associative
D) observational; nonassociative
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Chapter 7: Memory
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Sample Questions
Q1) Students frequently learn the Big Five personality model by using the acronym OCEAN,where each letter of the word corresponds to the first letter of one of the factors (openness,conscientiousness,extraversion,agreeableness,neuroticism).These students are using:
A) hierarchies.
B) linkage.
C) chunking.
D) primitive features.
Q2) Ivaylo goes skiing after many years away from the sport.What kind of memory makes it possible for him to get back on the slopes without taking new skiing lessons?
A) declarative memory
B) episodic memory
C) explicit memory
D) procedural memory
Q3) Posttraumatic stress disorder is an example of:
A) retrograde amnesia.
B) persistence.
C) anterograde amnesia.
D) none of the above.
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Page 9
Chapter 8: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence
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Sample Questions
Q1) In a psychology study,people are asked which is more likely: an earthquake that kills 100,000 people or an earthquake in California that kills 100,000 people.Far more people will say that the earthquake in California is more likely,even though there are clearly more earthquakes than there are earthquakes in California.This way of thinking is an example of the:
A) confirmation bias.
B) framing effect.
C) representativeness heuristic.
D) availability heuristic.
Q2) Brianna received an overall IQ score of 117 on the Wechsler Scale.This number means that Brianna has scored more than ________ standard deviation(s)above the mean IQ score of ________.
A) 2; 90
B) 1; 110
C) 2; 75
D) 1; 100
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Chapter 9: Human Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) Marisa's parents immigrated to the United States from India before she was born.Marisa constantly fights with her mother because she wants more freedom like the rest of her friends.However,Marisa is also not comfortable wearing as revealing clothes as many of her American friends.According to Erikson,Marisa is struggling with the ________ psychosocial crisis.
A) initiative versus Guilt
B) identity versus role confusion
C) intimacy versus isolation
D) generativity versus stagnation
Q2) According to Kohlberg,in which stage of moral reasoning are moral judgments based on complex reasoning about abstract principles and the value of all life?
A) preconventional
B) conventional
C) postconventional
D) concrete operational
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11
Chapter 10: Emotion and Motivation
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Sample Questions
Q1) At age 5,Connie is better able to delay gratification than Gerald.At which of the following will Connie NOT necessarily be better than Gerald when they are adolescents?
A) academic achievement
B) frustration tolerance
C) need for affiliation
D) social competency
Q2) According to the need to belong theory,who is likely to pay the most attention to social information?
A) Nabil,who is outgoing and has many friends
B) Susanne,who is shy but has several close friends
C) Akemi,who has few close friends but belongs to many social groups
D) Jacob,who is shy and does not know very many people
Q3) From an evolutionary perspective,pleasure ________ survival and reproduction,by
A) promotes; facilitating adaptive behaviors
B) hinders; interfering with adaptive learning from painful experience
C) hinders; facilitating maladaptive excessive behaviors
D) promotes; interfering with maladaptive responses to painful experience
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Chapter 11: Health and Well-Being
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Sample Questions
Q1) Mohamed is experiencing a large amount of work stress lately,but his coworkers are helping him cope with the stress by encouraging him and telling him how much they appreciate his hard work.These circumstances are a good example of:
A) hardy friendships.
B) the social networking hypothesis.
C) positive stress.
D) the buffering hypothesis.
Q2) Comparing the three-stages of the GAS model,you know that defenses are maximized during the ________ stage.
A) alarm
B) exhaustion
C) resistance
D) pituitary
Q3) If cigarettes contained no nicotine,the brain's dopamine neurons would be:
A) overstimulated by smoking.
B) less affected by smoking.
C) inhibited by smoking.
D) easily activated at first but inactive after the first cigarette.
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Chapter 12: Social Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) In light of the results of the Milgram studies,which of the following soldiers would you expect to have the LEAST trouble carrying out his or her orders?
A) a soldier shooting an enemy soldier at a distance of 10 feet
B) a soldier shooting enemy soldiers from inside a tank
C) a marine strangling an enemy sailor in hand-to-hand combat
D) a pilot dropping a bomb on an enemy airbase
Q2) Attributions are our attempts to explain the ________ of other people.
A) motives
B) traits
C) preferences
D) all of the above
Q3) Len and Maria just got married and have a wonderful sexual relationship.If their marriage is typical of those in American culture,they can expect that:
A) their sex life will continue to improve over time.
B) their frequency of sexual activity will fall steeply after the first year.
C) Len's interest in sex will remain high,but Maria's interest will decrease .
D) their frequency of sexual activity will decrease gradually over the first five years.
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) James is very low in Eysenck's personality trait of psychoticism.Thus,you would expect him also to be:
A) somewhat cynical.
B) moderately impulsive.
C) fairly empathic.
D) very outgoing.
Q2) When asked to describe her friends' personalities,Janelle could do so fairly quickly and accurately.When asked to describe her own personality,it took her a while to organize her thoughts and respond.According to the text,Janelle's difficulty in responding to questions about her own personality is most likely due to which of the following?
A) People tend to lie about their character to fit others' preconceptions.
B) People have limited knowledge of their own behavior because they're busy paying attention to others' behaviors.
C) People like to appear thoughtful when asked direct questions about themselves.
D) People try to mask excessive self-focus by appearing disinterested in their own behaviors.
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Chapter 14: Psychological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Women in developing countries (e.g.,Pakistan)experience more ________ than women in developed countries.
A) bipolar disorder
B) major depressive disorder
C) obsessive-compulsive disorder
D) agoraphobia
Q2) Longitudinal brain imaging studies indicate that in people with schizophrenia:
A) brain ventricles become smaller over time.
B) the temporal and occipital lobes show a dramatic increase in activity.
C) the amount of overall brain tissue is reduced.
D) both the amygdala and hippocampus become overactive.
Q3) Zarina is talking to spirits that no one else can see.She sometimes channels the spirits so they can talk with living people.Zarina:
A) is suffering from dissociative identity disorder.
B) is most likely a paranoid schizophrenic.
C) is showing behavior that is both personally distressing and maladaptive.
D) may be doing something normal,depending on her cultural background and beliefs.
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Chapter 15: Treatment of Psychological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) The case of James,the child with autism spectrum disorder who was described in the text,reveals:
A) the labor-intensive nature of the preferred treatment for this disorder.
B) the importance of the structured school setting in a child's recovery from this disorder.
C) the fact that children with this disorder can function normally if treatment begins early.
D) the superiority of drug treatment over behavioral treatments for this disorder.
Q2) Which of the following factors is NOT a drawback of electroconvulsive therapy for depression?
A) the resulting memory impairments
B) the need for repeated treatments
C) the long delay before the depression remits
D) the unclear treatment mechanism
Q3) Giving depressed patients a placebo rather than an actual drug:
A) has no impact on depression.
B) alleviates depressive symptoms in roughly one-tenth of patients.
C) alleviates depressive symptoms in roughly one-third of patients.
D) alleviates depressive symptoms in roughly one-half of patients.
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