Behavioral Neuroscience Exam Bank
Course Introduction
Behavioral Neuroscience is an interdisciplinary course that explores the biological foundations of behavior by examining the structure and function of the nervous system. The course covers the anatomy and physiology of the brain and spinal cord, neural communication, sensory and motor systems, and the neural mechanisms underlying learning, memory, emotion, motivation, and various psychological disorders. Students will gain insight into how neural processes give rise to behavioral and cognitive functions, integrating findings from neurobiology, psychology, and related fields. Through lectures, discussions, and laboratory activities, the course fosters an understanding of current methodologies and research in the study of brain-behavior relationships.
Recommended Textbook
Brain and Behavior An Introduction to Biological Psychology 3rd Edition by
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2650 Verified Questions
2650 Flashcards
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Bob L. Garrett
Chapter 1: What is Biopsychology?
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115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The degree of genetic similarity between identical twins is:
A)Nearly 100%
B)50%
C)25%
D)100%
Answer: D
Q2) The proposition that specific functions are controlled by specific brain areas refers to:
A)Functionalism
B)Specific nerve control
C)Localization
D)Neuroscience
Answer: C
Q3) Heritability is the percentage of variation in a given characteristic that can be attributed to genetics.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 2: Communication Within the Nervous System
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244 Verified Questions
244 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The gaps in the myelin sheaths on axons are known as:
A)Synapses of myelin
B)Nodes of Schwann
C)Oligodendrocytes
D)Nodes of Ranvier
Answer: D
Q2) A neuron that transmits information between the central nervous system and a muscle is called a(n):
A)Motor neuron
B)Sensory neuron
C)Interneuron
D)Projection neuron
Answer: A
Q3) Acetylcholine ceases to stimulate the post-synaptic cell by:
A)Reuptake by the presynaptic neuron
B)Absorption by the postsynaptic neuron
C)Enzymatic deactivation
D)Absorption by glial cells
Answer: C
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Page 4
Chapter 3: The Organization and Functions of the Nervous System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Symptoms of menopause,when the hormonal system and body regulation mechanisms are altered,logically involve changes in the:
A)Hypothalamus
B)Thalamus
C)Parietal lobe
D)Frontal lobe
Answer: A
Q2) The lateral fissure separates the frontal lobe from the occipital lobe.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Among humans,the relationship between brain size and intelligence is:
A)A strong positive correlation
B)A weak negative correlation
C)Small with high variability
D)Stronger for females than for males
Answer: C
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Page 5
Chapter 4: The Methods and Ethics of Research
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158 Verified Questions
158 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Single-unit recording requires:
A)A cannula
B)A microelectrode
C)An array of electrodes
D)None of the above
Q2) Adoption studies of intelligence suggest that:
A)Genetic factors are the sole determinant of intelligence
B)Family environment more strongly determines intelligence than genetics
C)Both genetics and environment contribute to intelligence
D)It is possible to rule out confounding factors and make reliable conclusions
Q3) Which of the following is a criticism of using animals in research?
A)Too many animals have been used,particularly in the past.
B)Researchers engage in "speciesism."
C)Scientists use procedures that are painful or distressing because it is easier to do in animals than humans.
D)All of the above
Q4) Heritability is the percentage of variation in a given characteristic that can be attributed to genetics.
A)True
B)False
6
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Chapter 5: Drugs, Addiction, and Reward
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167 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Many Asians react to alcohol with intense flushing and nausea due to a(n):
A)Inherited deficiency of aldehyde
B)Excess of ALDH
C)Build up of aldehyde
D)Lack of the enzyme that breaks alcohol down to aldehyde
Q2) What neurotransmitter is the focus of some of the newer treatments for smoking and alcohol addiction?
A)Norepinephrine
B)Serotonin
C)Glutamate
D)GABA
Q3) Fetal alcohol syndrome is the leading cause of ___ in the Western world.
A)Miscarriages
B)Intellectual impairment
C)Multiple births
D)Infertility
Q4) Discuss the personality traits of early- and late-onset alcoholics.
Q5) Rats will self-administer PCP.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Motivation and the Regulation of Internal States
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189 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) One drug therapy that has shown some effectiveness with bulimics is:
A)Antidepressants,which decrease serotonin activity
B)Antidepressants,which increase serotonin activity
C)Drugs that increase insulin levels
D)Drugs that increase fatty acid levels
Q2) The two major pathways that information pass from the digestive system to the brain are through the ___ and ___.
A)medulla,thalamus
B)hypothalamus,pons
C)vagus nerve,blood vessels
D)duodenum,kidneys
Q3) Papillae are:
A)Bumps on the tongue that contain taste buds
B)Another name for taste buds
C)The taste receptor found in the taste buds
D)A group of taste buds all sensitive to the same taste
Q4) A learned taste preference is a preference not for a nutrient itself but for the flavor of a food that contains the nutrient.
A)True
B)False
Page 8
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Chapter 7: The Biology of Sex and Gender
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197 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which brain area is not involved in male sexual behavior?
A)Ventromedial hypothalamus
B)Medial preoptic area
C)Sexually dimorphic nucleus
D)Paraventricular nucleus
Q2) The neurotransmitter ___ is released in the male ___ in the presence of a female;this mirrors behavior during the Coolidge effect.
A)serotonin,medial preoptic area
B)dopamine,sexually dimorphic nucleus
C)dopamine,nucleus accumbens
D)naloxone,nucleus accumbens
Q3) Provide support for the following statement: "The best evidence supporting a biological basis for sexual orientation comes from genetic studies."
Q4) All of the following are characteristics of androgen insensitivity syndrome except:
A)Breast growth at puberty
B)Descended testes
C)Female external genitalia
D)Male gonads
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Chapter 8: Emotion and Health
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164 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) All of the following are true about the prefrontal cortex except:
A)It is involved in the control of risky or thrill-seeking behavior.
B)Abnormalities in this area may be involved in depression and schizophrenia.
C)Most of the brain's information about emotion is first processed in the prefrontal cortex.
D)When disconnected from the rest from the brain,people are less able to make rational judgments.
Q2) The stress hormones ___ are used by your body to respond to short-term stressors while the stress hormone ___ is used to respond to prolonged stress.
A)epinephrine and cortisol;norepinephrine
B)epinephrine and norepinephrine;cortisol
C)norepinephrine and cortisol;epinephrine
D)epinephrine and norepinephrine;dopamine
Q3) James and Lange argued that the autonomic nervous system responds similarly to a variety of emotional experiences.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Discuss the James-Lange theory of emotion and cite evidence that supports this theory.
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Chapter 9: Hearing and Language
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175 Verified Questions
175 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) No other species shows clear signs of brain lateralization for language-like functions.
A)True
B)False
Q2) For frequencies of sound to which place theory applies,neurons inform the brain of these frequencies by:
A)Altering rates of neural firing via fewer IPSPs occurring in inner hair cells
B)Changing patterns of neural firing via lowered threshold of firing in inner hair cells
C)The region of the basilar membrane with maximal vibration and subsequently which neurons are firing most
D)Changing the number of fibers activated and the pattern of volleying across different fibers
Q3) Wernicke's aphasia is characterized by fluent,meaningless speech.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Describe how we hear sounds.Include in your answer the stimulus and receptors for audition and how sounds are translated into neural impulses.
Q5) Why is the left hemisphere said to be dominant for language?
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Chapter 10: Vision and Visual Perception
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167 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Adjacent retinal receptors activate adjacent cells in the visual cortex,a phenomenon called a:
A)Tonotopic map
B)Somatosensory map
C)Retinotopic map
D)Geniculotopic map
Q2) People with prosopagnosia:
A)Fail to recognize familiar faces
B)Fail to recognize familiar voices
C)Fail to respond emotionally to familiar faces
D)A and C
Q3) The ___ is an area on the retina from which a ganglion cell receives inputs.
A)receptive area
B)receptive field
C)retinal disparity
D)magnocellular zone
Q4) The optic nerve is formed by axons of the ganglion cells.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: The Body Senses and Movement
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208 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The lips and fingertips are the most sensitive parts of the body.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A specialized nerve ending that responds to touch with a transient burst of firing is the (a):
A)Pacinian corpuscle
B)Merkel's disk
C)Meissner's corpuscle
D)Ruffini ending
Q3) What kind of sensory receptors respond to pain,heat,and cold?
A)Receptors for the skin senses
B)Receptors for the visceral senses
C)Receptors for proprioception
D)Polymodal receptors
Q4) The primary somatosensory cortex consists of ___ areas and each area contains ___ of the body.
A)four,a map
B)two,two maps
C)four,four maps
D)three,overlapping maps
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Chapter 12: Learning and Memory
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166 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) If theta rhythms in the hippocampus are suppressed,then rats:
A)Learn faster
B)Learn the same as when they are potentiated
C)Cannot remember what was previously learned
D)Can remember what they learn for longer periods of time
Q2) Anterograde amnesia is an inability to:
A)Remember early experiences
B)Remember events from the middle of life
C)Remember events prior to the impairment
D)Form new memories
Q3) Whether the left or right hippocampus is most active in the formation of memories depends largely on the content of the material.
A)True
B)False
Q4) How does working memory work? How would you test an organism's extent of working memory? Design a simple test that would give you an answer.
Q5) List the different types of memory and how they are connected.
Q6) Describe Alzheimer's disease.What are some ways we are improving diagnosis and recovery?
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Chapter 13: Intelligence and Cognitive Functioning
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168 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Critics of the IQ test often argue that:
A)Most often IQ scores do not correlate with academic performance
B)The IQ test does not measure how well individuals can succeed in their environment
C)IQ scores,even those that are culture-free,differ widely across cultures
D)Most politicians score low on IQ tests
Q2) Down syndrome is caused by maternal alcoholism.
A)True
B)False
Q3) ___ has/have been somewhat effective for the temporary relief of the repetitive behaviors of autism as well as improved emotional recognition.
A)Antidepressants
B)Antipsychotics
C)Oxytocin
D)Lithium
Q4) The Raven Progressive Matrices test is designed to:
A)Be culture free
B)Measure nonverbal abilities
C)Give a better representation of "pure" intelligence
D)All of the above
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Chapter 14: Psychological Disorders
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187 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Hippocampal activation is a strong predictor of whether someone will develop full-blown schizophrenia.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following brain structures is overly activated during anxiety?
A)Amygdala
B)Locus coeruleus
C)Parahippocampal gyrus
D)All of the above
Q3) Women are:
A)Twice as likely as men to suffer from bipolar disorder
B)Three times as likely as men to suffer from bipolar disorder
C)Two times less likely as men to suffer from bipolar disorder
D)About as likely as men to suffer from bipolar disorder
Q4) For depressed patients,REM sleep:
A)Is non-existent
B)Is decreased by about half
C)Composes almost 80% of the sleep period
D)Begins earlier in the sleep cycle
Q5) What drugs are used to treat schizophrenia and how do they work?
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Sleep and Consciousness
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177 Verified Questions
177 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) To maximize your ability to pay attention when studying,you should plan to take a break about every:
A)30 minutes
B)60 minutes
C)90 minutes
D)None of the above
Q2) The case of Eve White and Eve Black is an example of:
A)Dissociate identity disorder
B)A split corpus callosum producing two different selves
C)Brain damage producing split personalities
D)An autistic individual who sometimes shows special talents,but at other times has severe cognitive problems
Q3) During Arial's brain surgery,the suprachiasmatic nucleus was damaged.Afterwards she probably experienced:
A)Sleep disturbances
B)Fluctuations in body temperature
C)Changes in drinking patterns
D)All of the above
Q4) In what way does our knowledge of sleep apply to our understanding of consciousness?
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