Behavioral Medicine
Question Bank
Course Introduction
Behavioral Medicine is an interdisciplinary field that explores the integration of behavioral, psychosocial, and biomedical science to understand how behavior impacts health and illness. This course examines the complex interactions among biological, psychological, and social factors in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of various medical conditions. Students will learn about key topics such as stress and coping, health behavior change, patient-provider communication, adherence to medical regimens, and the psychological aspects of chronic disease management. Emphasis is placed on evidence-based interventions, ethical considerations, and the application of behavioral principles to promote overall health and well-being across diverse populations.
Recommended Textbook
Health Psychology An Introduction to Behavior and Health 8th Edition by Linda Brannon
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Chapter 1: Introducing Health Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) In contrast to the biopsychosocial model,the biomedical model views health as A) a positive condition.
B) an incorporation of psychological and social factors.
C) a result of a combination of factors such as genetics, beliefs, and stress.
D) the absence of disease.
Answer: D
Q2) All of the following are factors in life expectancy EXCEPT:
A) age
B) education
C) ethnicity
D) mother's personality
Answer: D
Q3) The discipline that emphasizes the prevention of illness and the enhancement of health in currently healthy people is called A) behavioral health.
B) health psychology.
C) behavioral medicine.
D) medical psychology.
Answer: A
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Conducting Health Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) One of the challenges of conducting health research is that it is impossible,and unethical,to manipulate certain variables,such as sexual behaviors or smoking.The research design that examines differences between groups without manipulating these groups is:
A) experimental
B) ex post facto
C) random assignment
D) longitudinal
Answer: B
Q2) Placebos can be beneficial in treating many conditions EXCEPT:
A) depression
B) hypertension
C) insomnia
D) broken bones
Answer: D
Q3) A prospective study begins with a group of participants who have a given condition or disease.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 3: Seeking and Receiving Health Care
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Sample Questions
Q1) Young adults show the greatest reluctance to seek health care.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Joshua has been told by friends that he does not look well.He feels flushed and decides to take his temperature to determine if he has a fever.His actions would be defined as
A) self-defeating behavior.
B) disease behavior.
C) illness behavior.
D) socialized behavior.
Answer: C
Q3) What circumstances restrict people's access to adequate health care?
Answer: A.Lack of insurance coverage
1.Health care is too expensive for most people to afford,and insurance allows access to expensive procedures.
2.People without insurance have limited access to regular health care and complex medical technology.
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5
Chapter 4: Adhering to Healthy Behavior
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Sample Questions
Q1) People who experience high levels of stress
A) become more adherent to medication routines oriented toward controlling their stress.
B) become less adherent to medications for chronic conditions but not for short-term problems.
C) become more likely to adhere.
D) become less likely to adhere.
Q2) Using the transtheoretical model,explain the behavior of a 22-year-old woman who quit smoking three days ago.
Q3) _____ is an individual's perceptions of how much control exists over one's behavior,and is one factor that determines intentions in the theory of planned behavior.
A) Self-efficacy
B) Perceived behavioral control
C) Subjective norm
D) Attitude
Q4) In general,adherence rates average about 75% to 80%.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Discuss ways to improve adherence.
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Chapter 5: Defining, Measuring, and Managing Stress
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Sample Questions
Q1) Erin is worried about her grade in a psychology class.To receive her best grade,Erin needs to make and follow a study schedule.Folkman and Lazarus would call this preferred approach:
A) danger control.
B) emotion-focused coping.
C) problem-focused coping.
D) reappraisal.
Q2) Lazarus saw stress as stemming from
A) strong emotional reactions to environmental stimuli.
B) negative life events.
C) positive life events.
D) the person's perception of an event.
Q3) Individuals who live closer to "green spaces" in cities report ___________.
A) higher stress
B) worse self-reported health
C) lower stress
D) being victims of crimes, like muggings.
Q4) Describe the physiology of stress reactions.
Q5) Compare and contrast the views of stress of Selye and Lazarus.
Q6) In what ways does social support influence health?
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Understanding Stress, Immunity, and Disease
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Sample Questions
Q1) The highest concentration of the virus for HIV is found in ______.
A) saliva and in the blood.
B) saliva and in semen.
C) blood and in semen.
D) saliva, in the blood, and in semen.
Q2) People with a negative outlook and a tendency to ruminate over problems
A) are less likely than others to complain about being sick.
B) are at higher risk for depression than those with a more positive attitude.
C) express more satisfaction with life than do other people.
D) all of these.
Q3) One route through which stress may affect the immune system is through A) lowered epinephrine levels.
B) elevated cortisol levels.
C) reverse peristalsis.
D) any of these.
Q4) Stress is a factor in
A) tension but not vascular headaches.
B) vascular but not tension headaches.
C) both vascular and tension headaches.
D) neither tension nor vascular headaches.
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Chapter 7: Understanding and Managing Pain
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Sample Questions
Q1) Nociception refers to the process of perceiving ________.
A) stress
B) pain
C) anger
D) oxygen
Q2) What are the advantages and disadvantages of physiological measures,behavioral assessments,and self-report measures of pain?
Q3) Analgesic drugs are effective for pain control,but
A) most people misuse these drugs, using dangerous amounts.
B) NSAIDS are more effective than opiates.
C) anesthetic drugs are preferable for controlling chronic pain.
D) antidepressant drugs may also be useful in treating some types of pain.
Q4) Bailey has tried many treatments for chronic back pain.His treatment of last resort would probably be
A) surgery.
B) TENS.
C) opium-based drugs.
D) hypnosis.
Q5) Evaluate the success and hazards of medical interventions for pain.
Q6) Differentiate among the three stages of pain.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Considering Alternative Approaches
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Sample Questions
Q1) There has been evidence that suggests that ________ produces changes in the function of the immune system.
A) qi gong
B) tai chi
C) Reiki
D) mindfulness meditation
Q2) What do all alternative medical systems have in common? The systems
A) are holistic, considering psychological factors as well as physical factors in health. B) arose long ago and are now accepted by very few people.
C) accept the importance of manipulation of the skin and organs in the healing process. D) emphasize physical factors and minimize psychological and emotional factors.
Q3) Ayurvedic medicine originated in
A) India.
B) China.
C) Europe in the 19th century.
D) Japan.
Q4) Discuss the similarities and differences among the alternative medical systems.
Q5) What are the advantages of integrative medicine? What are the barriers?
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Chapter 9: Behavioral Factors in Cardiovascular Disease
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Sample Questions
Q1) Coronary artery disease differs from coronary heart disease
A) in terms of severity-coronary artery disease is more severe than coronary heart disease.
B) in terms of the location of the damage-coronary artery disease refers to plaque in the arteries, whereas coronary heart disease involves damage to the myocardium.
C) in terms of the number of people affected-many more people have coronary heart disease than coronary artery disease.
D) in no identifiable way.
Q2) ______ carry oxygenated blood from the heart to various parts of the body,whereas ______ moves deoxygenated blood toward the heart.
A) Veins; arteries
B) Arteries; capillaries
C) Arteries; veins
D) Veins; arterioles
Q3) Twice as many men as women die of cardiovascular disease.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is the role of health psychology in cardiac rehabilitation?
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Chapter 10: Behavioral Factors in Cancer
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cancer
A) is a relatively new disease, first diagnosed during the latter half of the 19th century.
B) is a group of diseases marked by the growth and spread of new cells.
C) is due to a parasite that attacks new cells.
D) is due almost completely to contact with dangerous chemicals.
Q2) Lee Ann believes that diet is an important factor in cancer.She wants to eat a diet that will protect her.Current research indicates that
A) Lee Ann should concentrate on eating a high-protein diet.
B) Lee Ann should take vitamin supplements.
C) Lee Ann should eat "natural" foods with no preservatives.
D) Lee Ann should eat a diet high in fruits and vegetables.
Q3) Among the following,which of these factors carries the lowest risk factor for cancer?
A) several family members developed cancer before age 50
B) a diet high in vegetables
C) being African American
D) having multiple sex partners
Q4) Evaluate the trends in cancer deaths over the past 100 years in the United States.
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Chapter 11: Living With Chronic Illness
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____ is the disorder caused by insulin deficiency.
A) Pancreatitis
B) Appendicitis
C) Diabetes Mellitus
D) Glucagon
Q2) Common to both diabetes and asthma are
A) triggers.
B) problems of adherence.
C) insulin injections.
D) troubles in breathing.
Q3) Those AIDS patients who have better psychological adjustment to their situation
A) contacted HIV through injection drug use rather than male-male sexual contact.
B) contacted HIV through heterosexual contact rather than male-male sexual contact.
C) have avoidance coping styles.
D) have active coping styles.
Q4) Discuss how the feelings of grief and loss apply to chronic illness.Are there any positive aspects to chronic illness?
Q5) What behavioral factors are important in the management of diabetes?
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Chapter 12: Smoking Tobacco
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Sample Questions
Q1) Madison is a nonsmoking 16-year-old high school sophomore who has a large cigarette-sponsored poster in her bedroom.Compared with nonsmoking Wendy,who has no such poster in her room,Madison is more likely to A) begin smoking.
B) begin smoking but then quit within two months.
C) have a pessimistic bias.
D) be an only child.
Q2) Who is most likely to begin smoking as a means of weight control?
A) middle-aged women
B) teenage boys involved in athletics
C) teenage girls with a fear of weight gain
D) middle-aged men
Q3) Do people who quit smoking gain sufficient weight to pose health hazards? Would they be healthier if they continued to smoke and stayed thinner?
Q4) Adolescents who use smokeless tobacco are not likely to begin smoking cigarettes.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Evaluate the dangers of passive smoking.
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Chapter 13: Using Alcohol and Other Drugs
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of these terms do NOT apply to the alcohol dependency syndrome?
A) withdrawal symptoms
B) inability to abstain
C) subjective awareness of the compulsion to drink
D) impaired control
Q2) Physical symptoms,such as restlessness,irritability,and tremors,may occur when a person is experiencing _________ from alcohol.
A) tolerance
B) dependence
C) withdrawal
D) addiction
Q3) Research indicates that alcohol
A) increases aggression in some people.
B) increases concentration.
C) causes lung cancer.
D) decreases high-density lipoprotein.
Q4) Trace the development of explanations for problem drinking from the moral model to the alcohol dependency syndrome.
Q5) What are the hazards of alcohol? What are the benefits?
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Chapter 14: Eating and Weight
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Sample Questions
Q1) Most people who see themselves as being overweight are
A) African American women.
B) not sufficiently overweight to be at risk for increased mortality.
C) greatly at risk for increased mortality.
D) both a and c are true.
Q2) In the study of experimental starvation,what were the effects of semi-starvation on the behavior of the participants?
A) They showed high group morale and cooperation.
B) They exercised vigorously to distract themselves from feelings of hunger.
C) They became aggressive and lost interest in their normal activities.
D) They became overly attached to other group members.
Q3) When overweight children attempt to lose weight,
A) they are less successful than adults.
B) they succeed in behavioral programs that involve their family.
C) boys succeed but girls do not.
D) they tend to become diabetic after losing about 10% of their body weight.
Q4) A person with a body mass index of 45 would be considered to be obese.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Evaluate the role of hormones in weight regulation.
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Exercising
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Sample Questions
Q1) _______ is a disorder characterized by a reduction in bone density due to calcium loss.
A) Type II diabetes
B) Endometrial cancer
C) Osteoporosis
D) Atherosclerosis
Q2) Physically active people can expect to live,on average,5 years longer than physically inactive people.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Physically active children benefit from exercise more than physically active adults benefit.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Aerobic fitness tends to
A) increase muscle strength.
B) decrease resting heart rate.
C) decrease resting blood pressure.
D) both b and c
Q5) What are the psychological benefits of exercise?
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Chapter 16: Future Challenges
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Sample Questions
Q1) Compared with European Americans,Asian Americans have
A) lower infant mortality rates.
B) longer life expectancy.
C) lower cardiovascular mortality.
D) all of these.
Q2) Contrast life expectancy with health expectancy.What are the implications of the difference?
Q3) The people in the United States who use health care services more than any other group are
A) children.
B) adolescents.
C) young adults.
D) older people.
Q4) If the people of the United States can increase their span of healthy life,then they will have
A) increased their longevity.
B) reached all the major goals of Healthy People 2020.
C) increased their number of well-years.
D) accomplished all of these.
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