Basic Chemistry Concepts
Exam Practice Tests
Course Introduction
This course introduces students to the fundamental principles of chemistry, focusing on key concepts such as atomic structure, chemical bonding, the periodic table, chemical reactions, states of matter, and basic stoichiometry. Emphasis is placed on understanding the composition, properties, and changes of matter, alongside laboratory safety and scientific measurement techniques. The course serves as a foundation for further study in chemistry and related sciences, equipping students with essential problem-solving skills and a conceptual framework for interpreting chemical phenomena in everyday life.
Recommended Textbook
Conceptual Chemistry 5th Edition by John A. Suchocki
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17 Chapters
2172 Verified Questions
2172 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: About Science
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65 Verified Questions
65 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The diameter of a lead pipe is measured to be 2.40 cm and you are asked to convert to units of inches. Which of the following conversion factors can you use to solve this problem?
A)12 in = 1 ft
B)100 cm = 1 m
C)3 ft = 1 yd
D)two of the above
E)none of the above
Answer: E
Q2) A scientific hypothesis is a(n)________.
A)testable assumption used to explain an observation
B)restatement of a natural phenomenon
C)well-tested theory that has been shown to be valid
D)prediction of what will happen in a certain situation
E)test designed to limit possible conclusions
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: Particles of Matter
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104 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the difference between mass and weight?
A)Weight is the observed effect of gravity on mass.
B)Mass is how much; weight is how much space.
C)Weight is how much; mass is how much space.
D)Weight and mass are the same everywhere.
E)Mass is the observed effect of inertia on weight.
Answer: A
Q2) Which temperature is the hottest?
A)100°C
B)100 K
C)100°F
D)They are all equal.
E)none of the above
Answer: A
Q3) How many milliliters of air are there in a hole measuring 5 L?
A)5000 mL
B)200 mL
C)5 mL
D)There are no milliliters of air in this hole.
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: Elements of Chemistry
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116 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Should the periodic table be memorized? Why or why not?
A)Yes. Like the alphabet, we need to memorize the periodic table in order to easily write the language of chemistry.
B)Yes. Without memorizing the periodic table, one would not have any real understanding of how and why chemical compounds are put together.
C)No. The periodic table changes every year. Memorizing it would be a waste of time.
D)No. The periodic table is a reference to be used, not memorized.
Answer: D
Q2) How would you classify the following material? a cappuccino (with foam)
A)a suspension
B)a heterogeneous mixture
C)a solution
D)an element
E)a compound
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: Subatomic Particles
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Sample Questions
Q1) How is it possible for an atom to emit visible light even though the atom is smaller than the wavelength of visible light?
A)It's not possible. If a single atom emitted visible light, an atom would be visible under a high powered microscope.
B)Any charged object, including the smallest atom, generates electromagnetic waves as it vibrates, which we observe in the visible spectrum of an element.
C)As the electrons from an atom are excited, some of them reach escape velocity thus leaving the sphere of influence of the nucleus. These photons are observed in the visible spectrum.
D)An atom does not emit light in the visible range of the spectrum, only in the UV wavelength range, since ultraviolet light wavelengths are smaller than atoms.
Q2) Which element has the atomic number 9?
A)F
B)Ne
C)B
D)Na
E)Be
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Chapter 5: The Atomic Nucleus
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128 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following provides the minimum amount of protection you need to block the following form of radiation? beta
A)lead suit
B)suntan lotion
C)thick leather
D)T-shirt
E)none of the above
Q2) What evidence supports the contention that the strong nuclear force is stronger than the electrical interaction at short inter-nuclear distances?
A)Protons are able to exist side-by-side within an atomic nucleus.
B)Neutrons spontaneously decay into protons and electrons.
C)Uranium deposits are always slightly warmer than their immediate surroundings.
D)The radio interference that arises adjacent to any radioactive source.
Q3) Which process would release energy from gold, fission or fusion? From carbon?
A)gold: fission; carbon: fusion
B)gold: fusion; carbon: fission
C)gold: fission; carbon: fission
D)gold: fusion; carbon: fusion
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Chapter 6: How Atoms Bond
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153 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following elements will most likely form an ion with a +1 charge?
A)Na
B)Mg
C)Al
D)Si
E)Cl
Q2) A hydrogen atom does not form more than one covalent bond because it
A)has only one shell of electrons
B)has only one electron to share
C)loses its valence electron so readily
D)has such a strong electronegativity
Q3) What does the line in the following example actually represent? H-H
A)a shared pair of electrons
B)a covalent bond
C)an ionic bond
D)a pair of nonbonding electrons
E)A and B
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8
Chapter 7: How Molecules Mix
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157 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Passing arsenic contaminated water through a long pipe filled with sand and iron powder leads to removal of the arsenic by ________.
A)a physical change
B)an oxidation-reduction reaction
C)ion exchange
D)filtering out the suspended arsenic particles
E)only a and b
Q2) A solid has a solubility at room temperature of 78 grams per liter. If 1.0 L of a heated solution containing 100. g of solute is cooled to room temperature, how much solid is formed?
A)22 g
B)100 g
C)78 g
D)1 L
E)78g/L
Q3) A dipole is a ________.
A)separation of charges
B)molecule with parallel bonds
C)nonpolar entity
D)form of electronegativity
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Chapter 8: How Water Behaves
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140 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the temperature change if you cool water from 100°C to 55°C?
A)55°C
B)100°C
C)45°C
D)-45°C
E)-55°C
Q2) Why does water have a high specific heat?
A)Much of the added energy is required to break hydrogen bonds.
B)Water is not very dense like metals and therefore doesn't conduct heat as readily.
C)Much of the heat that is added to water is converted to kinetic energy.
D)None of the energy is stored as potential energy.
E)none of the above
Q3) Why does water expand when it goes from a liquid to a solid?
A)The water molecules become aligned in a way that creates extra volume.
B)The liquid has a higher density than the ice.
C)Ice molecules are bigger than water molecules.
D)The liquid water molecules are bigger and shrink when cooled.
E)none of the above
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Chapter 9: How Chemicals React
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Sample Questions
Q1) A catalytic converter increases the amount of carbon dioxide emitted by an automobile. Is this good news or bad news?
A)bad news because carbon dioxide contributes to global warming
B)good news because plants thrive on carbon dioxide
C)bad news because the carbon dioxide contributes to acid rain
D)good news because it means more noxious chemicals are not being emitted
Q2) Which of the following statements accurately describes the action of ozone?
A)It absorbs UV radiation and undergoes fragmentation.
B)It reflects UV radiation back into space.
C)It reflects heat back into space.
D)It emits UV radiation when excited by sunlight.
E)none of the above
Q3) Which of the above reactions would proceed the fastest?
A)a
B)b
C)c
D)all proceed at same rate
E)not enough information given
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11
Chapter 10: Acids and Bases in Our Environment
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135 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following items would you use to make a basic buffer solution?
A)acetic acid (a weak acid)and hydrochloric acid (a strong acid)
B)sodium hydroxide (a strong base)and sodium chloride
C)acetic acid (a weak acid)and sodium acetate
D)hydrochloric acid (a strong acid)and sodium hydroxide (a strong base)
E)ammonium hydroxide (a weak base)and ammonium chloride
Q2) If you were to increase the pH of rain water the concentration of dissolved CO<sub>2 </sub>would ________.
A)increase because the acid form is neutralized
B)decrease because you are adding acid
C)decrease because the acid form is neutralized
D)increase because you are adding acid
Q3) Which of the following statements about strong and weak acids is not true?
A)A weak acid is not as corrosive as a strong acid.
B)A weak acid does dissociate in water.
C)A strong acid will react with a strong base.
D)A weak acid will react with a strong base.
E)All of the above are untrue.
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Chapter 11: Oxidations and Reductions Charge the World
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138 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why might disposing of a lead-acid battery, nickel-cadmium battery or mercury battery in a landfill be a bad thing?
A)Cadmium, mercury, and lead are all toxic metals and could leak out of the landfill.
B)Cadmium, mercury, and lead are all very reactive and generate highly unstable compounds.
C)Cadmium, mercury, and lead are all radioactive and release radiation.
D)all of the above
E)none of the above
Q2) The oxidation of iron to rust is a problem structural engineers need to be concerned about, but the oxidation of aluminum to aluminum oxide is not. Why?
A)Since aluminum is so light and inexpensive, it is easily replaced when corroded.
B)Aluminum oxide is insoluble in water and thus forms a protective coating that prevents continued oxidation of the aluminum.
C)Aluminum oxide is even stronger than aluminum.
D)The oxidation of aluminum is a very slow reaction, taking hundreds of years before any structural changes are noticed.
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13
Chapter 12: Organic Compounds
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Sample Questions
Q1) Hydrocarbons release a lot of energy when ignited. Where does this energy ultimately come from?
A)the breaking of chemical bonds
B)the formation of chemical bonds
C)photosynthesis
D)nuclear fusion in the sun
Q2) The "alcohol" of alcoholic beverages is ________.
A)ethyl amine
B)ethano
C)ethyl acetate
D)phenol
Q3) Which of the following statements describes straight-chain hydrocarbon?
A)a hydrocarbon where every carbon has only a single bond to no more than two other carbons
B)a hydrocarbon where every carbon is bound with a straight line to every other carbon
C)a carbon atom that is bound straight to four hydrogens
D)a hydrocarbon that has a linear rod shaped conformation
E)none of the above
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Chapter 13: Nutrients of Life
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138 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What functional groups are found in all amino acids?
A)amines and carboxylic acids
B)phenols and amines
C)alcohols and amides
D)aminos and acids
E)ketones and aldehydes
Q2) Why does starch begin to taste sweet after it has been in your mouth for a few minutes?
A)It is a signal that digestion has begun and glucose units are being released.
B)Glycogen is being released from the starch.
C)Amylopectin from your saliva is breaking down the starch.
D)Amylose from your saliva is breaking down the starch.
Q3) Mammals cannot produce polyunsaturated fatty acids. How is it then that the lard obtained from beef fat contains up to 10 percent polyunsaturated fatty acids?
A)Microbes within their gut transformed them into polyunsaturated fatty acids.
B)These unsaturated are a side effect of growth hormones in their diet.
C)These polyunsaturated fatty acids came from the cow's vegetarian diet.
D)These polyunsaturated fatty acids come from the processing of the lard.
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Chapter 14: Medicinal Chemistry
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Sample Questions
Q1) A medicine is a drug that ________.
A)has therapeutic properties
B)kills bacteria
C)provides a euphoric effect
D)is isolated from a plant
E)none of the above
Q2) Which is the more appropriate statement: Opioids have endorphin activity, or endorphins have opioid activity? Explain your answer.
A)Opioids have endorphin activity because endorphins likely came first.
B)Endorphins have opioid activity because opioids likely came first.
C)Opioids have endorphin activity because plants likely created opioids to mimic their own endorphin systems.
D)Endorphins have opioid activity because plants likely created opioids to mimic their own endorphin systems.
Q3) Common drugs originate from ________.
A)natural products
B)chemical derivatives
C)laboratory synthesis
D)all of the above
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Chapter 15: Optimizing Food Production
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115 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following soil horizons contains the most organic matter?
A)substratum
B)subsoil
C)topsoil
D)bottom soil
E)humus
Q2) Which of the following might be the best use of genetic engineering for counteracting the negative effects of salinization?
A)Salt absorbing insects could be developed and set loose in regions of highly saline water resources.
B)Sodium chloride could be engineered to be more soluble in water.
C)Plants could be given a gene that turns them blue when they have absorbed too much salt.
D)Genes from a salt-tolerant plant could be inserted into a desired crop plant.
Q3) How can a pheromone be used to limit pesticide use?
A)to lure pests to traps
B)to lure pests to locations where only a little pesticide has been applied
C)to suppress the sex drive of the pests
D)to sterilize the insects
E)only A or B
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Chapter 16: Protection Water and Air Resources
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements about carbon dioxide is true?
A)The increase in carbon dioxide is closely related to an increase in average global temperatures.
B)Atmospheric carbon dioxide levels were steady until the Industrial Revolution.
C)All the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is a result of human activities.
D)Carbon dioxide is not a greenhouse gas.
E)All of the above are false.
Q2) Which of the following statements is untrue?
A)The stratosphere gets warmer as altitude increases.
B)The troposphere gets colder as altitude increases.
C)The amount of oxygen in the troposphere decreases as altitude increases.
D)None of the above are true.
E)Only a and b are untrue
Q3) Airborne sulfur dioxide doesn't remain airborne indefinitely. Where does most of it end up?
A)in the oceans
B)in plants
C)in metal ore deposits
D)in outer space
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Page 18
Chapter 17: Capturing Energy
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Sample Questions
Q1) Suggest how solar energy might help eliminate pathogens in drinking water.
A)Exposure of the drinking water to the Sun's ultraviolet rays.
B)Use the solar energy to distill the water.
C)Pass the drinking water through the hot zone of a solar collector.
D)all of the above
Q2) What is the main biomass-derived fuel used in the U.S.?
A)ethanol
B)methanol
C)methane
D)ethane
E)octane
Q3) Which of the following conventional power plants most closely resembles an ocean thermal energy converter?
A)a fusion reactor
B)a coal-fired power plant
C)a dam
D)all of the above
E)only a or b
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