Art History
Chapter Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Art History is an exploration of artistic expression across cultures and eras, examining the development, meaning, and context of visual art forms such as painting, sculpture, architecture, and decorative arts. Students will learn to analyze artworks within historical, cultural, religious, and social frameworks, gaining insight into how art both reflects and influences societies. The course covers major artistic movements, influential artists, and key works from prehistoric times to the present, encouraging critical thinking and visual literacy through discussion, research, and writing.
Recommended Textbook
Understanding Art 11th Edition by Lois Fichner-Rathus
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Understanding Art
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Q1) ____________is often a key component of a work's content,even if its meaning is unapparent or indecipherable to a viewer.
A) Content
B) Humanism
C) Narrative
D) Iconography
E) Symbolism
Answer: E
Q2) One of the best ways to illustrate stylistic differences between works of art is to choose several works that have a __________.
A) similar size
B) common form
C) common context
D) common composition
E) common theme
Answer: E
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3
Chapter 2: Line and Shape
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Q1) Edward Weston's Dunes,Oceano highlights the aesthetic possibilities of
A) contour lines
B) outlines
C) colors
D) illusions
E) flat lines
Answer: A
Q2) The measure of a line refers to its ___________and its width.
A) scale
B) shape
C) hue
D) length
E) value
Answer: D
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Light and Color
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Q1) The colors opposite each other on the color wheel are ____________.
A) tints
B) analogous
C) warm
D) complementary
E) agitated
Answer: D
Q2) The brightness or ____________of a color is its saturation.
A) hue
B) value
C) dullness
D) intensity
E) color
Answer: C
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Texture and Pattern
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Q1) Compare and contrast Céleste Boursier-Mougnnot's From Here to Ear with Jean Dubuffet's Blossoming Earth.
Q2) Actual texture is primarily experienced through the sense of ___________.
A) sight
B) taste
C) touch
D) hearing
E) smell
Q3) Discuss the use of texture in Vincent Van Gogh's Mulberry Tree.
Q4) The goal of visual texture is to simulate the look and feel of actual _________and textures.
A) brushstrokes
B) gouging
C) surfaces
D) lines
E) applications
Q5) Explain the difference between actual texture and visual texture,and provide an artistic example of each.
Q6) Name two types of texture.
Q7) What are El Anatsui's magnificent "woven" wall hangings composed of?
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Chapter 5: Space,Time,and Motion
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Q1) Diagonal lines are often used to _______________.
A) imply movement and directionality
B) suggest stability
C) suggest assertiveness
D) imply heaviness and weight
E) suggest rigidity
Q2) By creating optical sensations with the repetition of line and shape and the manipulation of high-contrast values and complementary colors,_________ truly is in the eye of the beholder.
A) perspective
B) shape
C) color
D) value
E) movement
Q3) Futurist artists,like Boccioni,were seduced by what?
Q4) The photograph of the mountain fortress of Machu Picchu illustrates the role of what?
Q5) Name two types of visual space.
Q6) How does Bernini's sculpture David make use of implied motion and implied time?
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Q7) What accounts for spatial complexity in Martina López's Heirs Come to Pass,3?
Chapter 6: Principles of Design
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Q1) Michelangelo maximizes the root five rectangle components when he painted the
A) School of Athens
B) Sistine Chapel ceiling
C) Last Supper
D) Cornaro Chapel ceiling
E) Ecstasy of St. Theresa
Q2) Variations such as the use of complementary colors and the hazy double of the clear,detailed face of the dog contribute to make William Wegman's Ethiopia an example of __________.
A) asymmetrical balance
B) horizontal balance
C) formal symmetry
D) approximate symmetry
E) diagonal balance
Q3) The ancient Greek Polykleitos is credited with developing a set of rules about body parts and their relative dimensions that became the standard for creating the ideal figure.What is this set of rules called?
Q4) How is repetition used in Andy Warhol's Ethel Scull Thirty-Six Times.
Q5) Identify six design principles.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Drawing
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Q1) The oldest known type of ink is India or China ink,made from a solution of
A) indigo and water
B) squid ink
C) gall extracts from oak trees
D) plant extracts
E) carbon black and water
Q2) Who advised artists to keep a "little book of leaves" and sketch what they saw in order to serve their future plans?
Q3) Explain the evolution of the pencil and how it is now made.
Q4) Describe how the characteristics of the support influence the character and appearance of a brush-and-ink drawing.Select an artwork to use as an example.
Q5) How and when was the meaning of the word cartoon expanded to include humorous and satirical drawings?
Q6) Why was Gary Kelley's pastel drawing,reminiscent of the jazz age,commissioned?
Q7) Compare and contrast the use of pencil drawing in Adrian Piper's Self-Portrait Exaggerating My Negroid Features and Nina Fowler's Christopher Allsopp.
Q8) Identify six types of dry media used for drawing.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Painting
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Q1) Describe three ancient uses for encaustic painting.
Q2) Describe the process of buon fresco.
Q3) Discuss the cultural tensions symbolized in Roger Shimomura's Untitled painting.
Q4) What are the advantages of painting with oils?
Q5) Considering the advantages and disadvantages of each medium,do you think oil or acrylic is the better medium?
Q6) Compare and contrast the paintings of George Washington by Gilbert Stuart and Roy Lichtenstein.
Q7) What are the advantages and limitations of working in tempera?
Q8) Describe and discuss Howardena Pindell's mixed media composition,Autobiography: Water/Ancestors,Middle Passage/Family Ghosts.What is the main theme of the work?
Q9) Master graffiti artists almost always add "tags" to their artworks,which are
A) anonymous symbols
B) comic strip Benday dots
C) gang symbols
D) stylized signatures
E) skulls
Page 10
Q10) What are the limitations of working in fresco?
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Chapter 9: Printmaking and Graphic Design
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Q1) Describe the processes involved in producing a wood engraving and the range of effects that can be achieved.
Q2) Compare and contrast the intaglio processes of engraving and etching.
Q3) Describe the process of creating a mezzotint engraving.
Q4) Etching is a very versatile medium.In Henri Matisse's Loulou Distracted,he used __________ to represent the essential features of a woman.
A) hazy shading
B) numerous thin and thick lines
C) a combination of drypoint and etching
D) tight, rhythmic, flowing lines
E) only a few uniformly etched lines
Q5) Woodcuts make use of the flat surface of wooden boards,but wood engravings use the end sections of the boards,yielding a __________ surface.
A) soft, nondirectional
B) hard, directional
C) soft, directional
D) vertically linear
E) hard, nondirectional
Q6) List four types of matrices used in printmaking.
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Imaging: Photography, Film, Video, and Digital Arts
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Q1) William Henry Fox Talbot's first "photogenic drawings" were eerie,delicate photographs of __________,produced from a __________.
A) women; contact print
B) plants; negative
C) still lifes; pewter plate
D) flowers; camera obscura
E) landscapes; copper plate
Q2) Which classic early color film depicted real life in black and white and imaginary life in expressionistic color?
A) Gone with the Wind
B) Citizen Kane
C) The Wizard of Oz
D) North by Northwest
E) Birth of a Nation
Q3) Explain the process of producing a daguerreotype and the limitations and later refinements of this photographic medium.
Q4) Explain why German director Leni Riefenstahl's Triumph of the Will is considered one of the greatest yet most damaging propaganda films of all time.
Page 12
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Chapter
11:
Sculpture, Installation, Site-Specific Art, and 3d Design
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Q1) Michelangelo's The Cross-Legged Captive is an example of __________ sculpture.
A) additive
B) bas-relief
C) subtractive
D) constructed
E) mixed media
Q2) Due to its __________,clay is frequently used to make three-dimensional preparatory sketches for other sculptures.
A) strength
B) flexibility
C) color
D) armature
E) weakness
Q3) For thousands of years,sculpture has been created for a variety of purposes.Discuss at least five of these.
Q4) Compare and contrast the visual and emotional effects engendered by Michelangelo's The Cross-Legged Captive with Louise Bourgeois's Portrait of Robert.
Q5) Who do many critics consider to be the most revolutionary contemporary sculptor to have worked with light?
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Chapter 12: Craft Arts
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Q1) The __________ developed the process of glass blowing and thus made __________ commonplace.
A) Egyptians; windows
B) Chinese; paperweights
C) Romans; glass vessels
D) Greeks; mirrors
E) Phoenicians; glass drinking vessels
Q2) The Tabriz Arbadil carpet is the oldest dated carpet in the history of art and was created in__________.
A) 1700
B) 1600
C) 1539-1540
D) 1800
E) 1450-1451
Q3) Glass that has been spun into fine filaments can be used for __________.
A) pressed glass
B) insulation
C) blown glass
D) flint glass
E) stained glass
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Chapter 13: Architecture and Urban Design
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Q1) The Incan fortress of Machu Picchu is considered to be __________ construction,as it was built without any mortar.
A) masonry
B) veneer
C) compressive strength
D) dry masonry
E) tier
Q2) What was the Crystal Palace; how was it built; what was it used for; and what was Joseph Paxton's inspiration?
Q3) Peter Testa believes we "need to rethink how we assemble buildings" and has designed a high-rise tower out of __________.
A) titanium
B) composite materials
C) fiber glass woven with steel
D) rhodium and high-tech plastic
E) a titanium and fiber glass composite
Q4) What are the advantages and disadvantages of wood as a building material? How has modern technology helped to overcome some of the disadvantages?
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Art of the Ancient World
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Q1) Contrast the art of the short-lived Amarna period with Egypt's long-standing tradition of convention.
Q2) What societal changes occurred as the Stone Age progressed from the Paleolithic to the Neolithic periods?
Q3) One of the earliest and most famous "fertility" figurines from the Paleolithic period is the __________.Venus of Urbino
A) Peplos Kore
B) Venus of Urbino
C) Venus of Willendorf
D) Venus de Milo
E) Statue of Khafre
Q4) During Akhenaton's reign,the longstanding stylized formality of Egyptian art briefly gave way to __________,as seen in the very famous Bust of Queen Nefertiti.
A) curving lines and full-bodied forms
B) rigidity
C) abstraction
D) conventionalism
E) excess
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Greece, Rome, and the Early Judeo-Christian World
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Q1) Summarize the four philosophies of the Greeks that formulated their attitude toward life.
Q2) Discuss the technique of creating a black-figure vase,including the three-stage firing process.How were red-figure vases produced?
Q3) Explain how the design of the Roman Colosseum reinforced its practical function.How was crowd control managed? What types of activities were held there? How did they deal with weather issues?
Q4) Praxiteles's Hermes and Dionysos,from the Late Classical period,depicts a graceful and naturalistic body stance,called the __________,and an increased emphasis on
A) canon of proportions; textural contrast
B) weight shift stance; pent-up energy
C) S-curve; muscularity
D) S-curve; emotional expression
E) weight-shift stance; idealization
Q5) Describe the essential features of the Doric,Ionic,and Corinthian orders and how and when they were used.
Page 17
Q6) Identify five Greek and four Roman cultural contributions that still influence us today.
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Chapter 16: The Age of Faith
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Q1) The massive dome of Hagia Sophia appears to be light and graceful due to
A) its pendentive construction
B) light filtering through arched windows at its base
C) gold mosaics in its dome
D) an oculus in its dome
E) light filtering through its clerestory
Q2) The San Vitale apse mosaic Justinian and Attendants is characterized by all of the following except __________.
A) thickly lidded eyes staring outward
B) costumes that appear to hang on invisible frames
C) heavily draped figures that have no substance
D) unnatural gestures
E) that Justinian is by far the largest figure
Q3) For Charlemagne's Palatine Chapel at Aachen,he sought to emulate __________.
A) Early Christian basilica
B) Byzantine central plan
C) Romanesque Latin Cross
D) Greek Cross plan
E) Roman architecture
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Chapter 17: The Renaissance
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Q1) Compare and contrast Cimabue's Madonna Enthroned with Giotto's Madonna Enthroned.
Q2) Considered a true Renaissance man,__________ excelled in engineering,the natural sciences,anatomy,music,and technological prototypes,not to mention creating some of the world's best loved paintings.
A) Leonardo da Vinci
B) Michelangelo
C) Raphael
D) Bramante
E) Piero della Francesca
Q3) Some of the purest examples of Renaissance Classicism are to be found in the __________ of Leon Battista Alberti.
A) paintings
B) books
C) sculpture
D) engravings
E) architecture
Q4) Discuss the symbolism in Raphael's The School of Athens and why it was appropriate for its location.
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Chapter 18: The Baroque ERA
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Q1) Following Martin Luther's Reformation,what happened to the region of Flanders?
Q2) In the apse of St.Peter's,Bernini combined architecture,sculpture,and stained glass to produce the brilliant golden display known as the __________.
A) Tempietto
B) Baldacchino
C) Pietà
D) Confessio
E) Cathedra Petri
Q3) In both of their paintings of Judith Decapitating Holofernes,Caravaggio and Artemisia Gentileschi utilized a harsh,theatrical "spotlight" effect known as
A) trompe l'oeil
B) tenebrism
C) pointillism
D) optism
E) chiaroscuro
Q4) Describe how Bernini's David illustrates the Baroque characteristics of motion,space,and time.
Q5) What are the five major characteristics of Baroque art?
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Chapter 19: The Modern ERA
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Q1) What was modern about the "new" art of the late-18th century in France was its concept of __________.The first period of modern art to use planar recession was
A) color; Realism
B) space; Neoclassicism
C) texture; Impressionism
D) line; Romanticism
E) light; Expressionism
Q2) Explain Gustave Courbet's approach to painting and how and why it was viewed so negatively by critics and the public.
Q3) Explain why Cézanne's compositional innovations can be said to have ushered in the modern twentieth-century fascination with abstraction.
Q4) It is obvious that Paul Gauguin's Vision After the Sermon is a Synthetic painting because __________.
A) of the flatly painted forms
B) the lighting is very dramatic
C) it combines unnaturalistic color with symbolism
D) it is so shockingly realistic
E) of the dreamlike state of the Breton women
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Chapter 20: The Twentieth Century: The Early Years
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Q1) Discuss the two seemingly different influences of Paul Cézanne and African ethnographic art found in Pablo Picasso's Rose Period painting known as Les Demoiselles d'Avignon.
Q2) For works such as White Iris,Georgia O'Keeffe captured the essence of her subject utilizing all of the following techniques except __________.
A) magnifying and abstracting the details of her botanical subjects
B) simplifying their forms
C) using a dark and psychologically distressing color palette
D) creating animistic plants that have an organic, reaching quality
E) painting petals reminiscent of parts of the female body
Q3) Discuss Joan Miró's approach to painting,his influences,and his technique.
Q4) Explain the difference between Illusionistic Surrealism and Automatist Surrealism,and provide an example of each.
Q5) Discuss how modern artists,beginning with Gustave Courbet,managed to persist despite hostile criticism from the art establishment.
Q6) What did the Dadaists declare about art?
Q7) Identify the three artistic movements of the early twentieth century that are termed Expressionistic.
Page 22
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Chapter 21: The Twentieth Century: Postwar to Postmodern
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Q1) Following a long tenure in Paris,the art world shifted to New York City after World War II.Discuss two major reasons why this shift took place.
Q2) One major tenet of Pop Art is that the work should be so objective,commercialized,and mundane that it eliminates the __________.
A) nature of the medium
B) need to find meaning in it
C) personal signature of the artist
D) sense of joy and discovery
E) traditional relationship between form and content
Q3) The Neo-Expressionists of the 1980s revived and embraced the gestural and experimentational methods of the Abstract Expressionists,but they added the dimension of __________ to their work.
A) style and form
B) bitter ironies and angst
C) emphatic line
D) pattern and decoration
E) poetry
Q4) Briefly explain why Michael Graves's Humana Building is considered a Postmodernist design.
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Chapter 22: Art Now: A Global Perspective
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Q1) How does hybridity integrate high art and low art? Use examples.
Q2) Discuss the cultural issues that Iranian artist Shirin Neshat addresses in works such as Passage.
Q3) Jean Desert's The Burqa Project represents the _________of Western countries.
A) trees
B) birds
C) hats
D) banners
E) flags
Q4) Describe the link between globalization and what is known as the postcolonial condition.
Q5) Mexican artist Enrique Chagoya states,"My artwork is a conceptual fusion of opposite cultural realities that I have experienced in my lifetime.I integrate diverse elements: from pre-Columbian mythology,Western religious iconography,and American popular culture." Using his Illegal Alien's Guide to Critical Theory as an example,explain how the artist's work reflects his statement.
Q6) Briefly discuss the anxieties experienced by ordinary Chinese people due to rapid industrialization.
Q7) What has the phenomenon of globalization created?
Page 24
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