Chapter 1: The Art and Science of Social Research: An Introduction
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Q1) A researcher distributes a survey to college students.One question asks,"How many hours per night do you sleep?" and another asks,"What is your GPA?" If the study has a cross-sectional design,which conclusion is possible?
A)Students who sleep more have higher GPAs.
B)Excessive sleep boosts GPAs.
C)Because they don't sleep enough,some students have lower GPAs.
D)Having a higher GPA causes students to sleep less.
Answer: A
Q2) Twila designs a sociology research study about gender-based violence.After she proposes the study,she decides that she really wants it to be applied research.Accordingly,she refines the study to
A)make a contribution to theories of human violence.
B)be grounded in a mixed-method approach to data collection.
C)evaluate a local nonprofit organization devoted to reducing domestic violence.
D)be grounded in political science instead of sociology,so it can have a policy outcome.
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Research Foundations: Linking Sociological
Theory to Research
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Q1) Larry records all of his dreams in a journal for 50 years.From time to time,he looks them over to see if he notices any personal growth over time.A sociologist would call Larry's approach
A)the scientific method.
B)the looking-glass self.
C)dust-bowl empiricism.
D)status characteristics theory.
Answer: C
Q2) Mark Regnerus and Andrew Cherlin disagreed about the meaning of trends regarding marriage.If they used the same paradigms to look at terrorism,how might their perspectives differ? Regnerus would likely look at ________;Cherlin would likely look at ________.
A)individual motivations (micro level);global economic and political factors (macro level)
B)communities (meso level);families (micro level)
C)explanations of behavior;descriptions of trends
D)postmodern subjectivities;positivist conclusions
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: Ethical Issues in Social Science Research
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Q1) The Belmont Report states the importance of treating people as autonomous agents with the right to decide whether to participate in a study.This principle is referred to as A)consent.
B)respect.
C)beneficence.
D)justice.
Answer: B
Q2) If researchers used the model of the Human Terrain System,they might A)shift cultural study from real-world settings to online settings.
B)embed sociologists in another country to generate deep cultural understanding.
C)request high-level security clearances for researchers.
D)begin their cultural study with Facebook data.
Answer: B
Q3) The ________ inspired Stanley Milgram's experiment.
A)massive carnage of World War I
B)human suffering of the Great Depression
C)role of ordinary people in carrying out the Holocaust
D)potential harm of newly developed nuclear weapons
Answer: C
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Chapter 5: Evaluating Research: Reliability and Validity
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Q1) The terms validity and reliability would be most applicable to which of the following projects?
A)an interview-based study with 50 respondents on attitudes toward political engagement
B)a focus group including 10 participants on the subject of religious affiliation
C)participant observation carried out in a hospital to identify how patients of different ages are treated by doctors
D)a nationally representative survey of 1,200 Americans about their TV viewing habits
Q2) Which of the following is true of error in social science research?
A)Most social science research involves no error.
B)All social science research involves some level of error.
C)All social science research involves a significant amount of error,but researchers are willing to overlook it.
D)Most social science research has systematic error built into it.
Q3) Pick a concept for which it would make sense to measure using a composite variable.In no less than three sentences,explain why you would want to use a composite measure for this concept (as opposed to a single measure).
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Chapter 9: Evaluation Research
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Q1) Food studies scholars are attempting to measure the interventions of access to farmers' markets in neighborhoods that qualify as "food deserts" (areas with little access to grocery stores with fresh produce).Researchers plan to look at quantitative outcomes regarding health and well-being,but what advantages might qualitative data also provide? Explain your answer in 2-3 sentences.
Q2) At what school level was the 1996 Abstinence Education Program implemented?
A)public high schools and universities
B)private high schools and the higher grades of middle schools
C)public high schools,middle schools,and the higher grades of elementary schools
D)public preschools and elementary schools,with parental permission
Q3) In medical studies,what is the term meaning the treatment the participants would normally receive outside of the study and not some lesser treatment?
A)standard treatment
B)control group
C)treatment group
D)randomized sample
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Chapter 16: Analysis of Qualitative Data
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Q1) Jack works for a women's shelter and conducts a study of men and violence.When respondents answer the question,"Have you ever been violent toward a loved one?" he wonders whether interviewer effects are at play.Respondents
A)say "no," possibly because this is what they think Jack wants to hear.
B)say "yes," because they may not understand what Jack means by the word "violent."
C)refuse to answer,and say they don't have time to finish the interview.
D)ask about the definitions of words such as "loved one" and "violent."
Q2) How do qualitative researchers establish causality?
A)They don't,because qualitative research never results in scientifically credible claims of causality.
B)with mathematical models borrowed from quantitative research
C)with emic approaches
D)with logical approaches such as qualitative comparative analysis
Q3) Define grounded theory.Do you think grounded theory is a worthy approach to qualitative research or not? Why?
Q4) Why do qualitative researchers write memos? Offer two examples of steps in the research process where memos might be helpful.
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