Applied Social Psychology
Final Exam
Course Introduction
Applied Social Psychology examines how theories, principles, and research from social psychology are used to address real-world issues and influence human behavior in various settings. This course explores topics such as attitude change, persuasion, group dynamics, prejudice, aggression, health, and environmental behavior, emphasizing practical strategies for solving social problems. Students learn to critically assess and design interventions targeting social issues like discrimination, health promotion, organizational effectiveness, and community well-being, integrating scientific evidence with ethical considerations to foster positive social change.
Recommended Textbook
Social Psychology 11th Edition by David Myers
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introducing Social Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) When explaining topics such as dating and mating,evolutionary psychologists consider how natural selection might
A)predispose our attitudes.
B)change our attitudes.
C)account for similarities in our attitudes.
D)reinforce our attitudes.
Answer: A
Q2) A serious shortcoming of a correlational study is that it cannot
A)predict one variable from another.
B)determine when there is a lack of a relationship between two variables.
C)identify which variable causes the other variable.
D)show relationships between naturally occurring factors.
Answer: C
Q3) According to Myers' discussion of intuition,which statement is TRUE?
A)Our intuitions about ourselves are usually true.
B)Intuitions are carefully considered beliefs.
C)Intuition is both powerful and perilous.
D)Intuition is not important.
Answer: C
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Page 3
Chapter 2: The Self in a Social World
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Sample Questions
Q1) Our sense of self-worth is also called our
A)self-concept.
B)self-efficacy.
C)self-esteem.
D)self-value.
Answer: C
Q2) The best way to improve your performance in class is to be _____ in the praise and _____ about your ability and performance.
A)specific;truthful
B)specific;inflated
C)general;truthful
D)general;inflated
Answer: A
Q3) Which statement is most accurate in relationship to our self-awareness?
A)We really know ourselves well and accurately.
B)Our account of our predicted intensity and duration of feelings is accurate.
C)We know and can predict our behavior better than others can.
D)We really don't know ourselves as well as we think we do.
Answer: D
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Social Beliefs and Judgments
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Sample Questions
Q1) "Explicit" thinking that is deliberate,reflective,and conscious is called
A)controlled processing.
B)automatic processing.
C)external processing.
D)intentional processing.
Answer: A
Q2) After reading a newspaper article about teenagers who illegally download music from the Internet,you conclude that those who engage in such behavior are morally bankrupt.It never occurs to you that the reason teenagers download music from the Internet is because they are not able to afford the price of a compact disc,or the temptation to download,coupled with the peer pressure to do so,is often great.Your thinking on this matter can be characterized by the
A)false consensus bias.
B)misinformation effect.
C)fundamental attribution error.
D)dispositional bias.
Answer: C
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Chapter 4: Behavior and Attitudes
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Sample Questions
Q1) As a teenager,you enjoyed jogging.Concerned with your weight,your parents gave you money whenever you went jogging.According to the self-perception theory,your parents' behavior likely did what to your intrinsic motivation for jogging?
A)decreased it
B)increased it
C)removed it
D)instilled it
Q2) Festinger and Carlsmith (1959)found that when people act in a manner that is contrary to their internal attitudes they feel uncomfortable.To reduce this discomfort they may change their attitudes.This is known as
A)cognitive dissonance.
B)self-perception theory.
C)the insufficient justification effect.
D)the fundamental attribution error.
Q3) The Implicit Association Test (IAT)
A)measures conscious attitudes.
B)measures unconscious attitudes.
C)measures both conscious and unconscious attitudes.
D)measures our behaviors.
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Genes,culture,and Gender
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Sample Questions
Q1) Although there are many unoccupied tables in the restaurant,Rudolph decides to sit at the same table in the chair right next to James.James feels uncomfortable because Rudolph has violated A)his social role.
B)his personal space.
C)Brown's universal norm.
D)the personal rights taboo.
Q2) Harris (1996)argued that 40 to 50 percent of the personality differences between siblings can be explained by
A)the sex of the child.
B)parental influence.
C)peer influence.
D)sibling rivalry.
Q3) In physiological and subjective responses to sexual stimuli, A)men are more aroused than women.
B)women are more aroused than men.
C)men and women are more different than similar.
D)men and women are more similar than different.
Q4) In your opinion,what are the most important gender differences described in the textbook? Why?
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Chapter 6: Conformity and Obedience
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Sample Questions
Q1) High school students Aisha and Jared have been dating each other casually.When Aisha's parents tell her to stop seeing Jared and ask her to go out with "nicer boys," Aisha announces that she and Jared are actually "in love" and have decided to go steady.Aisha's behavior most likely illustrates the effects of
A)the false uniqueness effect.
B)the fundamental attribution error.
C)the self-serving bias.
D)psychological reactance.
Q2) When the influence of the situation is _______,the consequent behavior is more likely to be a result of _______.
A)weak;individual personalities
B)weak;external circumstances
C)strong;internal forces
D)strong;dispositions
Q3) Who is most likely to be pleased with being called a "conformist?"
A)Becky who lives in New York.
B)Ingrid who lives in England.
C)Amy who lives in Japan.
D)Deborah who lives in Paris.
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Persuasion
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Eldersveld and Dodge (1954)study identified which group casting the most votes in an election?
A)The one that was exposed to mass media and mailings.
B)The one that was exposed to mass media.
C)The one that was exposed to mass media and visited personally.
D)There were no differences in the voting groups.
Q2) Describe how age plays a role in persuasion.Be sure to compare and contrast the life cycle explanation and the generational explanation.
Q3) Macy prefers classes with professors who are visually appealing and entertaining,rather than classes with professors who are knowledgeable and effective communicators.Macy is probably _______ in the need for cognition.
A)low
B)average
C)high
D)slightly above average
Q4) Explain the principles and techniques you would use to become a cult leader.
Q5) When would it be best to present a persuasive appeal to an audience that was in a good mood versus a bad mood? Why?
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Chapter 8: Group Influence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Wright (2003)suggested that the Internet is an effective means to rally like-minded people and mobilize lethal consequences,such as recruiting individuals for terror organizations.Which concept in social psychology best explains this trend?
A)group polarization
B)pluralistic ignorance
C)social loafing
D)social facilitation
Q2) According to the text,physical anonymity _______ results in antisocial behavior.
A)always
B)sometimes
C)never
D)almost never
Q3) Evaluation apprehension helps explain why people perform best when
A)their co-actor is slightly superior.
B)their co-actor is dissimilar.
C)their co-actor is slightly inferior.
D)there is no co-actor present.
Q4) Describe the ways to prevent groupthink.
Q5) List and describe each of the symptoms of groupthink.
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Chapter 9: Prejudice: Disliking Others
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Sample Questions
Q1) A person is labeled as ______ if they believe in the superiority of his/her own ethnic and cultural group and shows disdain for all other groups.
A)discriminatory
B)high in social dominance orientation
C)xenophobic
D)ethnocentric
Q2) Studies of Whites by Pettigrew in South Africa in the 1950s,when apartheid ruled,revealed that those who _______ were also most prejudiced.
A)had the most education
B)conformed most to other social norms
C)were the most disadvantaged
D)had the greatest amount of social power
Q3) Review the research on how distinctiveness can breed stereotypes.
Q4) Palmer (1996)found that since 1975,there is _______ between opposition to immigration and the unemployment rate.
A)a positive relationship
B)a negative relationship
C)a neutral relationship
D)no relationship
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Chapter 10: Aggression: Hurting Others
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Sample Questions
Q1) Juanita is upset with Rose,so during a social gathering she verbally cuts Rose down in front of others.Juanita's behavior is
A)assertive.
B)manipulative.
C)aggressive.
D)an example of displacement.
Q2) In studies on violence,Eron and Huesmann (1980;1985)found that 8-year-olds who watched the most violence were
A)unlikely to finish high school.
B)more likely to get a divorce.
C)more likely to be convicted of a crime.
D)more likely to commit child abuse.
Q3) Peter,a cashier at a local grocery store,was berated at work by his manager.He comes home from work and promptly yells at his wife and kicks the cat.This is an example of A)displacement.
B)the frustration-aggression theory.
C)relative deprivation.
D)social learning theory.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Attraction and Intimacy: Liking and Loving
Others
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Sample Questions
Q1) Amber just moved to a new town and is eager to make friends.When given the choice,she should select an apartment
A)at the back of the complex.
B)that is an end unit.
C)near the mailboxes.
D)away from the main office.
Q2) In a classic study,Newcomb (1961)found that among students who lived together in a boardinghouse for many weeks,the ones who were most likely to have formed close friendships were those who
A)were most similar in their level of physical attractiveness.
B)had the highest initial agreement on attitudes.
C)had opposite but complementary personality characteristics.
D)came from the same region or state.
Q3) In Rubin's research,"strong-love" couples differed from "weak-love" couples in that they
A)talked more to each other.
B)gazed more into each other's eyes.
C)smiled less at each other.
D)displayed more jealousy.
Q4) Explain how the two-factor theory accounts for passionate love.
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Chapter 12: Helping
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Sample Questions
Q1) Around the world,compared to non-religious people,all of the following are true of highly religious people except
A)highly religious people have higher incomes.
B)highly religious people give more to charities.
C)highly religious people volunteer more often.
D)highly religious people are more likely to help strangers.
Q2) Ben is highly disturbed by the screaming he hears from the street below his apartment.To help reduce his distress he goes to see if someone needs help.Ben's behavior seems to be motivated by A)altruism.
B)the gaining of external rewards.
C)the gaining of an internal reward.
D)guilt.
Q3) In the experimental studies of bystander non-intervention,researchers have A)always first obtained the participant's informed consent.
B)been careful to debrief their laboratory participants.
C)subsequently found that most research participants believe the laboratory experiments have little,if any,value or application to everyday life.
D)been unable to replicate real-life situations.
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Conflict and Peacemaking
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Sample Questions
Q1) Studies from eleven countries show adolescents have more positive peer relationships and may achieve more when working _____,rather than _____.
A)competitively;cooperatively
B)submissively;domineering
C)cooperatively;competitively
D)domineering;submissively
Q2) Sherif's (1966)Robber's Cave study demonstrated that conflict can be created simply by randomly assigning people into competing groups.He later demonstrated that he could reduce conflict by having campers work together to achieve some mutual interest (e.g. ,fixing a broken truck,restoring the camp's water supply).Sherif was demonstrating what social psychologists call
A)non-zero-sum games.
B)equity theory.
C)integrative agreements.
D)superordinate goals.
Q3) According to the text,the goal of a third-party mediator is to "enable conflicting parties to make concessions and still save face." What are the strategies that a mediator can use to achieve this goal?
Q4) Compare and contrast the Prisoner's Dilemma and the Tragedy of the Commons.
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Chapter 14: Social Psychology in the Clinic
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Sample Questions
Q1) Compared to nondepressed people,depressed people are more likely to attribute their failures and setbacks to causes that are
A)external.
B)specific.
C)internal.
D)situational.
Q2) "Explanatory style" refers to
A)the complexity of one's persuasive arguments.
B)one's habitual way of explaining life events.
C)the pitch and speed with which one communicates.
D)whether one relies primarily on reason or emotion when debating an issue.
Q3) The test suggests that the circles of depression,loneliness,and shyness can be broken by all of the following EXCEPT
A)positive experiences that alter self-perceptions.
B)social skills training.
C)changing negative thought patterns.
D)believing that they will go away.
Q4) Myers reported a number of reasons why and when people feel anxious in social situations.Review them.
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Chapter 15: Social Psychology in Court
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Sample Questions
Q1) When testimony is biased by the misinformation effect,eyewitnesses are more likely to
A)allow prejudicial attitudes to color their testimony.
B)retell the incident in a way that favors one side over the other.
C)recall seeing things that they had not actually seen.
D)deny the accuracy of their memories,even when they are correct.
Q2) The process of witnessing an event,receiving misleading information about it,and then incorporating the misleading information into one's memory of the event is referred to as the _______ effect.
A)false memory
B)misinformation
C)inoculation
D)interference
Q3) What constructive steps can be taken to increase the accuracy and objectivity of jury members?
Q4) Summarize the arguments for and against the death penalty.
Q5) How can lineup procedures be changed to improve their accuracy?
Q6) Summarize the evidence regarding the persuasiveness of eyewitness testimony.
Q7) Is it possible to "pick the right jury?" Why or why not?
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Chapter 16: Social Psychology and the Sustainable Future
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sacramento's Municipal Utility District sent bills to random customers rating their energy use compared to their neighbors in similar-sized homes.What was the result?
A)The energy usage of the selected customers remained the same.
B)The energy usage of the selected customers went up.
C)The energy usage of the selected customers went down.
D)The customers changed providers.
Q2) According to the _______,feelings of success,failure,satisfaction,and dissatisfaction are relative to prior experiences.
A)relative attainment hypothesis
B)achievement motivation syndrome
C)social prestige principle
D)adaptation-level phenomenon
Q3) _____ is a tendency to believe in and justify the way things are in one's culture and to not want to change the familiar status quo.
A)System justification
B)The availability heuristic
C)Rationalization heuristic
D)The just world hypothesis
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