Applied Social Psychology Exam Preparation Guide
Course Introduction
Applied Social Psychology explores how psychological principles and theories are used to understand and address real-world social issues. The course examines individual, group, and societal behaviors within various contexts, such as health, education, work, law, and the environment. Students analyze topics like attitude change, persuasion, prejudice, aggression, and social influence, using empirical research to develop interventions aimed at promoting positive social change. Emphasis is placed on critical thinking, ethical considerations, and the design and evaluation of programs intended to improve individual and community well-being.
Recommended Textbook
Social Psychology 1st Edition by Thomas
E. Heinzen
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Page 2
Chapter 1: An Introduction to Social Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) A researchers uses falsification when _____.
A) equalizing the make up of each group
B) attempting to prove the hypothesis is incorrect
C) observing interactions between experimenters and researchers
D) removing potential research bias
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following experimental techniques can reveal behaviors in their natural environments
A) case studies
B) surveys
C) archival research
D) observational studies
Answer: D
Q3) People are intensely social animals.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) What is action research?
Answer: not answered
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Chapter 2: Research Methods
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Q1) Which test design skips preliminary measurements and only measures effects of the independent variable
A) pretest-posttest control group design
B) one-group pretest-posttest design
C) posttest-only control group design
D) pretest-posttest between participants design
Answer: C
Q2) Which is a specific statement of what you will believe will happen in an experiment
A) scientific method
B) hypothesis
C) observation
D) construct
Answer: B
Q3) Which of the following is a perfect correlation
A) 1
B) 0
C) 0.5
D) 0.8
Answer: A
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Page 4
Chapter 3: The Social Self
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following terms describes the moment when we realize we are our own, separate entity from other people
A) self-concept
B) self-comparison
C) self-awareness
D) self-schema
Answer: C
Q2) Describe an example (real or imagined) of a biased view of one's own behavior.
Answer: An example of a biased view of one's own behavior could be a person who believes they are always right and never at fault in any situation. This person may constantly blame others for any conflicts or problems that arise, refusing to take any responsibility for their own actions. They may also dismiss any feedback or criticism from others, believing that they are always in the right. This biased view of their behavior can lead to strained relationships and an inability to grow and learn from their mistakes. It can also create a false sense of superiority and infallibility, ultimately hindering their personal and professional development.
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Chapter 4: Social Cognition
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Sample Questions
Q1) The mechanic persisted in his initial belief that the car needed a new fuel pump, despite other evidence to the contrary. This is an example of what
A) negativity bias
B) confirmation bias
C) anchoring and adjustment heuristic
D) hindsight bias
Q2) Jasmine made a careful list of pros and cons when considering whether to accept a job offer in another state. What skill is Jasmine using
A) intuition
B) logic
C) cognitive load shifting
D) dual processing
Q3) Customers are waiting in a long line for the latest smartphone. Which one is most likely to engage in magical thinking
A) Rowan, who is the first person to receive a new phone.
B) Lewis, who is immediately behind the person who bought the last phone.
C) Rose, whose friend close to the front of the line who purchased two phones.
D) Elijah, who was near the back of the line when the phones were all sold.
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6
Chapter 5: Person Perception
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Sample Questions
Q1) Being aware that a person has no control over her behavior or expression of opinion tends to shift attributions.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Erin believed her brother tripped because he is clumsy, but she tripped because the rug was crumpled. This is an example of ______.
A) false consensus effect
B) actor-observer bias
C) false uniqueness bias
D) fundamental attribution error
Q3) Assuming that a person's behavior is guided by the situation is an external attribution.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following is a self-fulfilling prophecy
A) unintentionally eliciting rude behavior because we expect someone to be rude
B) basing our entire evaluation of someone on a single trait
C) treating someone as better because they are attractive
D) being confused over why someone treats you the way they do
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Chapter 6: Attitudes and Persuasion
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Sample Questions
Q1) Having a good enough reason to behave in a certain way is known as ______.
A) self-justification
B) cognitive dissonance
C) sufficient justification
D) rationalization trap
Q2) Explain how uni-valenced decisions are related to heuristics, and discuss the implications of this for attitude formation.
Q3) Buddy earned a dollar every time he cleaned his room. Now Buddy enjoys being tidy. His attitude was shaped by ______.
A) classical conditioning
B) social learning
C) operant conditioning
D) self-affirmation
Q4) Not having a good reason to behave in a particular way is known as ______.
A) other justification
B) rationalization trap
C) mental trap
D) insufficient justification
Q5) List one aspect of a source variable and show its connection to persuasion.
Q6) Explain how commitment and consistency are related to the lowball technique.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Social Influence: Conformity, Social Roles, and Obedience
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Q1) Participants in Asch's line estimation study exhibited what
A) informational social influence
B) generational influence
C) private conformity
D) public conformity
Q2) What term describes behaving in a particular way because someone of higher status has ordered you to do so
A) conformity
B) obedience
C) compliance
D) explicit expectation
Q3) While investigating deindividuation, researchers found that what behaviors increased when they put a group of anonymous college students together in a dark room
A) arguing over politics
B) fist fighting
C) quietly avoiding contact
D) touching and hugging
Q4) List the two types of social influence.
Q5) Define the term social influence.
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Chapter 8: Group Processes
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Q1) The planning committee routinely shut down disagreement and encouraged allegiance to the leader's ideas. What is the term for this type of group dynamic
A) wisdom of crowds
B) spiral of silence
C) groupthink
D) pluralistic ignorance
Q2) Elliott joined a veterans group so he could learn more about VA benefits. Elliott joined the group for social support.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Agatha was kidnapped by terrorists. To the surprise of the police, she was reluctant to speak negatively about her captors or to testify against them. What caused this reaction?
Q4) Koocher's study on performance was conducted in ______.
A) men's restroom
B) women's restroom
C) kitchen
D) study lounge
Q5) Explain how a group can provide a sense of identity. Give at least two examples.
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Chapter 9: Stereotyping, Prejudice, and Discrimination
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Q1) When the economy took a downturn and jobs were difficult to find, many people blamed immigrants. What would be a good explanation for rising prejudice in this situation
A) realistic conflict theory
B) scapegoat theory
C) frustration-aggression theory
D) contemptuous prejudice
Q2) Derrick attends church at Christmas and Easter and talks a lot about Christianity as he runs for mayor. Derrick would be best described as having what
A) intrinsic religiosity
B) extrinsic religiosity
C) religiosity
D) social dominance orientation
Q3) Sam believes that African Americans are naturally better at sports. This is an example of ______.
A) stereotype
B) prejudice
C) discrimination
D) adaptive response
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Helping Prosocial Behavior
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Q1) Which of the following is a statement you would expect to hear from someone who is low in openness to experience
A) I've never been to a play before. Let's go!
B) I'd rather stay home.
C) Can I help you
D) I feel nervous every day.
Q2) Dava worries most of the time and is irritable over small things. Dava is high in what
A) openness to experience
B) extroversion
C) neuroticism
D) agreeableness
Q3) Jimmy made a large public donation to the children's hospital, knowing that the press would be good for his business. This is an example of what
A) egotistic altruism
B) pure altruism
C) negative state relief
D) social norms
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Aggression
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is an emotion-based reaction to perceived threats
A) microinsults
B) hostile/reactive aggression
C) instrumental/proactive aggression
D) microinvalidations
Q2) "A man's not a man if he can't keep his wife and kids safe." This is an example of the masculine courage culture of honor value.
A)True
B)False
Q3) An earlier chapter described how women living in inner city housing complexes would work together during stressful situations, sharing resources such as a warm place to sleep or a television. Which best describes this behavior
A) fight
B) flight
C) freeze
D) tend and befriend
Q4) List and define the three types of microaggression. Give examples of how each can have negative effects on their victims.
Q5) What is a term for when human or animal behavior is determined by biology?
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Chapter 12: Intimate Relationships
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Sample Questions
Q1) In most countries, it is unusual for an older woman to date a younger man. When viewing this from a nature versus nurture perspective, this is because ______.
A) anatomical difference suggest reproductive potential
B) age is associated with fertility
C) men choose quantity over quality in mates
D) women have higher standards of intelligence and job prestige
Q2) Which term is used to specifically describe a man with multiple female partners
A) polyandry
B) polygyny
C) polygamy
D) interdependent
Q3) According to researchers Thibaut and Kelley, it is uncommon to consider relationship alternatives for those who are in happy, satisfying relationships.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What are the differences and similarities between waist-to-hip and waist-to-shoulders ratios?
Q5) What is the relationship between parenting and attachment theory?
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Chapter 13: Social Psychology and a Sustainable Environment
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an example of a threshold effect
A) a steady level of rainfall over several decades
B) climate becomes increasingly erratic
C) a decease in rates of extinction
D) and increase in biodiversity
Q2) Desks that are only made for right-handed people is an example of which of the following
A) social design for humans
B) environmental design for sustainability
C) design with economics in mind
D) design that preserves personal space
Q3) Noise pollution affects different animals differently.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is the tragedy of commons? What is its relationship to the sustainability crisis?
Q5) Consider the current rate of species loss versus the estimated threshold for species loss. What is the relationship between these two numbers? What does this say about the potential for threshold effects?
15
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Chapter 14: Social Psychology of Law and the Courtroom
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Q1) People who do criminal profiling are often trained in psychology.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Describe the progression of the relationship between the law and psychology. Be sure to mention important events that helped and hindered the relatinoship between the two professions.
Q3) Which of the following describes the California Supreme court's decision regarding the use of anatomically correct dolls
A) It deemed them valid.
B) It deemed them reliable.
C) It referred the problem back to the scientific community.
D) It referred the problem to a higher court.
Q4) The law and psychology have a well established, peaceful working relationship. A)True
B)False
Q5) Which of the following refers to unrealistic expectations of forensic science
A) forensic psychology
B) CSI effect
C) misinformation effect
D) presupposition
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Chapter 15: Social Psychology of Stress and Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) A person suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder may aboid therapy so as not to confront the traumatic experience.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Climate change has little affect on the physical stress experienced by living creatures.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Assessment can help you know what success and failure look like.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In what ways is the weathering hypothesis similar to general adaptation syndrome? How are the two different?
Q5) Which of the following was a departure from popular thought when it was first introduced
A) Yerkes-Dodson law
B) biomedical model of disease
C) biopsychosocial model of disease
D) general adaptation syndrome
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Chapter 16: Social Psychology and Happiness: Positive
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Q1) Describe one topic of positive psychology that needs further research and explain why further research is needed.
Q2) In which area was the first positive psychology experiment conducted
A) pop psychology
B) sports psychology
C) abnormal psychology
D) criminal psychology
Q3) An ethical institution will not allow dual relationships.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following describes a dual relationship
A) a student who is also an athlete
B) a professor who is also a therapist
C) a student who is also a subject in a study
D) a professor who is also a student's therapist
Q5) What is the role of a life coach
A) identify areas for improvement in an individual's life
B) eliminate areas of negativity hindering individuals
C) offering guidance to individuals making decisions
D) engaging individuals in emotional strength-building exercises
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Chapter 17: Social Psychology and Behavioral
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Q1) Aria is a college student living on a strict budget. She goes to the mall with friends and resolves to not spend any money but finds a scarf that she really likes. Pragmatically, she knows she cannot afford the scarf, but she still wants to buy it. This example shows ______.
A) the boundary between Aria's rational and irrational economic thought
B) the natural cognitive limits of Aria's ability to make a rational economic decision
C) how Aria makes predictable mistakes when weighing outcomes and probabilities
D) how Aria uses the standard economic model in practice
Q2) What is an assumption of the standard economic model
A) People are always rational.
B) People are usually irrational.
C) People are affected by losses rather than gains.
D) People rarely adhere to supply and demand.
Q3) With which of the following is the Laffer curve associated
A) bounded rationality
B) loss aversion
C) supply side economics
D) internal values
Q4) What can the ultimatum game be used to research?
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Chapter 18: Social Psychology and Relationship Violence
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Q1) Which of the following terms is viewed as a more empowering term for those who have experienced relationship violence
A) victim
B) survivor
C) perpetrator
D) archiver
Q2) Sabrina is a survivor of relationship violence. Since leaving her violent relationship, Sabrina's counselor has encouraged her to write stories and poems about her experiences as a form of treatment. Which of the following terms describes Sabrina's actions
A) last straw event
B) seed of doubt
C) narrative therapy
D) posttraumatic growth
Q3) What is the relationship between minimizing and cognitive dissonance?
Q4) Which of the following would be considered a self-reclaiming action
A) changing how you interpret your partner's behaviors
B) realizing that one's partner does not actually love you
C) seeing what is happening in a relationship from an outside view
D) seeking out counseling
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Chapter 19: Social Psychology of Work:
Industrialorganizational Psychology
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Q1) Which of the following gave industrial/organizational psychology pioneer Walter Dill Scott his start in the field
A) an influx of soldiers suffering from "shell shock" after WWII
B) an underprepared military in WWI
C) an increase of stress among new parents
D) a demand for parenting advice in popular magazines
Q2) Which of the following refers to a test's ability to measure the element it is intended to measure
A) reliability
B) validity
C) specific skill
D) cognitive ability
Q3) Organizations with strict reporting criteria along formal lines of command likely have a hierarchical organizational structure.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The Hawthorne experiments caused a fundamental shift in I/O psychology. A)True
B)False
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Chapter 20: Social Psychology of Volunteerism and Internships
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Q1) What are the similarities and differences between undergraduate- and graduate-level internships?
Q2) Describe the differences between egoism and altruism.
Q3) Describe the similarities and differences volunteering may have on life satisfaction during different life stages.
Q4) In which of the following industries is free labor at A) move studios
B) medicine
C) teaching
D) music performance
Q5) Academic institutions are considered stakeholders of internships.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Internships must be well-organized in order to provide benefit to the student intern. A)True
B)False
Q7) Volunteering only benefits the causes it supports. A)True
B)False
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Chapter 21: Social Psychology and Personal Finance
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Q1) Which of the following appears to be a way to slow down the hedonic treadmill?
A) working less hours
B) making more money
C) physical exercise
D) travel
Q2) Which of the following refers to a basis or standard used to estimate value?
A) mental accounting
B) payment decoupling
C) reference points
D) default decisions
Q3) Which of the following refers to a tendency to overbid an item in a socially competitive environment?
A) neural circuitry of reward
B) auction fever
C) mere ownership effect
D) endowment effect
Q4) Discounts encourage accelerated consumption.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Describe how loss aversion may affect one's ability to make financial decisions.
Page 23
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Chapter 22: Social Psychology and Forgiveness
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Sample Questions
Q1) In romantic relationships, forgiveness works best when it is combined with assertiveness.
A)True
B)False
Q2) People who are less concerns about reciprocity and keeping score likely have a(n)______orientation.
A) exchange
B) retributive
C) socially aware
D) communal
Q3) It is possible to be reconciled with someone without actually forgiving them.
A)True
B)False
Q4) During WWI, soldiers indicated their willingness to cooperate with their enemies by ritualizing the times and targets of their attacks. What does this exemplify?
A) retributive forgiveness
B) emotional forgiveness
C) decisional forgiveness
D) strategic forgiveness
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