Applied Health Psychology
Final Test Solutions
Course Introduction
Applied Health Psychology explores the psychological processes involved in health, illness, and healthcare settings, emphasizing how behavioral, cognitive, and social factors influence physical wellbeing. This course examines the interplay between psychological theories and real-world health outcomes, addressing topics such as stress, coping strategies, health behavior change, patient-practitioner communication, and chronic disease management. Students will analyze evidence-based interventions used to promote healthy behaviors, prevent illness, and improve quality of life, preparing them to apply psychological principles in diverse health-related contexts and interdisciplinary teams.
Recommended Textbook
Health Psychology An Introduction to Behavior and Health 8th Edition by Linda Brannon
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16 Chapters
1556 Verified Questions
1556 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introducing Health Psychology
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61 Verified Questions
61 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the United States,people living below the poverty level generally
A) have low educational levels.
B) are more likely than other people to have health insurance.
C) are members of ethnic minority groups.
D) both a and c are correct.
Answer: D
Q2) A century ago,life expectancy in the US was ______ years and currently life expectancy in the US is ______ years.
A) 20; 60
B) 30; 70
C) 50; 80
D) 50; 70
Answer: D
Q3) Behavioral medicine assumes
A) a link between individual behaviors and health.
B) the existence of a specific pathogen in illness.
C) that disease can be controlled, but that health cannot be enhanced.
D) that the goals of medicine and psychology are incompatible.
Answer: A
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Conducting Health Research
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98 Verified Questions
98 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In an experimental design that investigates the effects of a low carbohydrate diet on weight loss,diet would be
A) the independent variable.
B) the dependent variable.
C) an extraneous variable.
D) a placebo.
Answer: A
Q2) The Alameda County study is an example of
A) an experimental longitudinal design.
B) a prospective design.
C) an experimental descriptive design.
D) a correlational cross-sectional design.
Answer: B
Q3) A statistical technique for combining the results of several studies is A) meta-analysis.
B) transactional analysis.
C) hypothesis testing.
D) scientific myopia.
Answer: A
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Seeking and Receiving Health Care
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55 Verified Questions
55 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) People with a disease are also ill.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) People often seek medical information from their family and friends,also known as their lay referral network.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Of all ethnic groups,_____ are the most likely to report a visit to a physician.
A) Asian Americans
B) European American
C) African Americans
D) Mexican Americans
Answer: B
Q4) Women are more likely than men to seek health care,even when pregnancy and childbirth are not considered.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Page 5
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Chapter 4: Adhering to Healthy Behavior
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94 Verified Questions
94 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Women have a higher rate of adherence than men do.
A)True
B)False
Q2) __________ refers to people's motivation at a given moment to engage in a risky behavior.
A) Behavioral willingness
B) Perceived behavioral control
C) Subjective norms
D) Implementation intentions
Q3) The major advantage of the pill cap microprocessor as a means of assessing adherence is its
A) cost effectiveness.
B) ability to count the number of pills removed with each bottle opening.
C) ability to count the number of bottle openings and record the time of day for each opening.
D) nearly perfect validity.
Q4) How frequent are adherence failures?
Q5) Depression is more of a risk factor for nonadherence than anxiety is.
A)True
B)False
6
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Chapter 5: Defining, Measuring, and Managing Stress
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114 Verified Questions
114 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cataclysmic events such as hurricanes and earthquakes are more stressful than those caused by intentional acts.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following responses is NOT part of sympathetic activation?
A) increased heart rate
B) increased blood pressure
C) increased digestive system activity
D) decreased salivary activity
Q3) Noise is considered a type of pollution because
A) one person's music is another person's noise.
B) one person's noise is another person's music.
C) it is loud.
D) it is a noxious, unwanted stimulus.
Q4) Whenever Preston faces a major source of conflict,he "drowns" his problems by drinking alcohol.Such a tactic is referred to as problem-focused coping.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Compare and contrast the views of stress of Selye and Lazarus.
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Chapter 6: Understanding Stress, Immunity, and Disease
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84 Verified Questions
84 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) _______ may help explain why stress can lead to depression.
A) Increased cytokine production
B) Decreased cytokine production
C) Increased T-cell production
D) Increased activity of natural killer cells
Q2) The discipline concerned specifically with the interactions among behavior,the endocrine system,the immune system,and the nervous system is
A) transactional analysis.
B) behavioral medicine.
C) health psychology.
D) psychoneuroimmunology.
Q3) In regards to the effects of stress on pregnancy,research indicates that
A) acute stress is the riskiest for pregnancy complications.
B) stress early in the pregnancy is riskier than stress later in the pregnancy.
C) stress late in the pregnancy is riskier than stress early in the pregnancy.
D) both a and c.
Q4) What functions do nonspecific and specific immunity serve,and why are both necessary?
Q5) Discuss the implications of immune deficiency.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Understanding and Managing Pain
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121 Verified Questions
121 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Melzack proposed the _______ theory,which is an extension of the gate control theory.
A) sensory decision
B) specificity
C) neuromatrix
D) cerebellar
Q2) One variation of cognitive behavioral therapy,encourages participants to _____ their pain and focus their attention on valued activities.
A) deny
B) accept
C) enjoy
D) commit to
Q3) Recent research gave participants __________ to reduce people's feelings of social pain.
A) a shock
B) a hug
C) Tylenol
D) Morphine
Q4) Differentiate among the three stages of pain.
Q5) Discuss the statement "Injury does not necessarily equal pain."
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Chapter 8: Considering Alternative Approaches
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96 Verified Questions
96 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which alternative treatment is most likely to be covered by insurance plans in the United States?
A) chiropractic
B) dietary supplements
C) hypnotherapy
D) tai chi classes
Q2) Research has confirmed that mindfulness meditation is helpful in reducing people's
A) anxiety
B) stress-related problems
C) depression
D) all of the above
Q3) Yoga has been used successfully to help ________ in those who did not experience a complete response to traditional medicine.
A) decrease anxiety
B) decrease depression
C) decrease weight
D) all of the above
Q4) What alternative procedures and products are most commonly used?
Q5) Discuss the effectiveness of alternative treatments.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Behavioral Factors in Cardiovascular Disease
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109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the relationship between changes in lifestyle and decline in cardiovascular disease in the United States and other industrialized nations.
Q2) Arteriosclerosis is when the arteries have "hardened" and atherosclerosis is the formation of plaques.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Myocardial infarctions
A) are commonly known as heart attacks.
B) are seldom life threatening, but serve as a signal of possible heart disease.
C) result from loss of oxygen to the brain.
D) none of these.
Q4) Twice as many men as women die of cardiovascular disease.
A)True
B)False
Q5) A more technical name for "hardening of the arteries" is A) angina pectoris.
B) atherosclerosis.
C) arteriosclerosis.
D) ischemia.
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Chapter 10: Behavioral Factors in Cancer
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99 Verified Questions
99 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) All of the following cancers have decreased in recent years EXCEPT:
A) liver cancer.
B) prostate cancer.
C) breast cancer.
D) lung cancer.
Q2) During the past 65 years,death rates from stomach cancer have dropped dramatically.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Exposure to the human papillomavirus (HPV)increases risk for ____ and ____ cancer.
A) cervical; breast
B) cervical; oral
C) breast; oral
D) oral; throat
Q4) Cigarette smoking is the only form of tobacco that increases risk for cancer.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What can a person do to avoid cancer?
Q6) Differentiate malignant from nonmalignant growths.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Living With Chronic Illness
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100 Verified Questions
100 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Wilford has just received a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes and has agreed to participate in a cognitive behavioral program to help him cope with his diabetes.
A) This program will help Wilford develop emotion-focused coping strategies.
B) This program will allow Wilford to discontinue his medication.
C) This program will help Wilford and his family adapt to the changes he needs to make in his life.
D) This type of program will not be as effective in helping Wilford as relaxation or hypnosis.
Q2) As Alzheimer's disease progresses to the latter stages,patients are more likely to develop
A) anger at others.
B) depression.
C) incontinence.
D) self-anger.
Q3) Women now account for about ___ of all HIV cases in the United States.
A) 5%
B) 10%
C) 20%
D) 33%
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Smoking Tobacco
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110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Randy has been smoking for 20 years and enjoys the smell of cigarette smoke.For Randy,the smell of a burning cigarette would be
A) a negative reinforcer.
B) a positive reinforcer.
C) a noxious stimulus.
D) an unconditioned stimulus.
Q2) Barrett is 14 years old and has smoked about 200 cigarettes in her lifetime.Barrett should know that
A) quitting will be quite easy because she is not yet a regular smoker.
B) she can smoke for another four or five years and then quit.
C) quitting now will be quite difficult.
D) quitting later will be impossible without formal therapy.
Q3) The presence of nicotine can be detected in the brain
A) as rapidly as 7 seconds after smoking.
B) as rapidly as 2 minutes after smoking and 1 minute after intravenous injection.
C) not until 30 to 40 minutes after smoking.
D) of nonsmokers and smokers alike.
Q4) Evaluate the dangers of passive smoking.
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Using Alcohol and Other Drugs
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135 Verified Questions
135 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase are
A) enzymes involved in the metabolism of alcohol.
B) toxic byproducts of excessive alcohol consumption.
C) found in fermented but not distilled alcoholic beverages.
D) biological markers that differentiate alcoholics from nonalcoholics.
Q2) Which statement is true?
A) Legal drugs pose no health threat; illegal drugs do.
B) Neither legal drugs nor illegal drugs pose a health threat.
C) More people are killed by using illegal drugs than legal drugs.
D) Both legal drugs and illegal drugs may pose a heath threat.
Q3) Tolerance refers to
A) the ability to tolerate large doses of drugs without impairment of psychological or physical abilities.
B) a strong psychological desire and craving for a drug.
C) the property of a drug that requires increasingly higher levels to get the same effect.
D) the property of a drug that requires changes in the body's physical functioning, making the drug necessary for normal functioning.
Q4) What are the hazards of alcohol? What are the benefits?
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Eating and Weight
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133 Verified Questions
133 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The principal function of the stomach is to
A) begin the process of digestion.
B) pass digested food into the large intestine.
C) pass digested food into the blood stream.
D) mix food particles with gastric juices.
Q2) When overweight children attempt to lose weight,
A) they are less successful than adults.
B) they succeed in behavioral programs that involve their family.
C) boys succeed but girls do not.
D) they tend to become diabetic after losing about 10% of their body weight.
Q3) All anorexics restrict their food intake.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Research on sleep and weight has shown that __________ precedes weight gain.
A) short sleep duration
B) many naps
C) long sleep cycle
D) both a and b
Q5) Evaluate the adequacy of the setpoint model and the positive incentive model to explain obesity.
16
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Chapter 15: Exercising
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97 Verified Questions
97 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Physically active children benefit from exercise more than physically active adults benefit.
A)True
B)False
Q2) While jogging,sudden death due to cardiac arrest is
A) about as likely as during periods of rest.
B) more likely than during periods of rest.
C) less likely than during periods of rest.
D) not as likely as during tennis.
Q3) The optimal level of physical activity for someone wanting protection from osteoporosis is
A) a moderate amount.
B) at least 20 miles of jogging per week or its equivalent.
C) at least 30 miles of running per week or its equivalent.
D) none.
Q4) Physical activity may reduce some of the cognitive declines that come from aging.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What are the psychological benefits of exercise?
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Chapter 16: Future Challenges
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50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) On average,Native Americans live longer than European Americans.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The United States has the highest per capita health care expenditure in the world.
A)True
B)False
Q3) One barrier to the expansion of health psychology is
A) the lack of a body of knowledge associated with the field.
B) the costs associated with services provided by health psychologists.
C) the inexperience of health psychologists, especially in forming collaborative relationships.
D) the amount of research that substantiates the biomedical model.
Q4) Driving after drinking alcohol
A) is not as common among college students as young adults who do not attend college.
B) is more common among college students than young adults who do not attend college.
C) is a common practice of college students in many countries.
D) both b and c.
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