Applied Biology
Test Bank
Course Introduction
Applied Biology explores the practical applications of biological principles and concepts to real-world issues in fields such as medicine, agriculture, environmental management, and biotechnology. Students examine how biological knowledge is used to solve contemporary problems, including disease prevention, sustainable food production, and ecosystem preservation. Emphasizing laboratory techniques, data analysis, and critical thinking, this course provides a foundation in cellular and molecular biology, genetics, microbiology, and ecology, while highlighting their relevance to industries and society.
Recommended Textbook
Biology Science for Life with Physiology Edition 5th Edition by Colleen M. Belk
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25 Chapters
1631 Verified Questions
1631 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1004
Page 2
Chapter 1: Can Science Cure the Common Cold
Introduction to the Scientific Method
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79 Verified Questions
79 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/19878
Sample Questions
Q1) Why are double-blind experiments used?
A) The results will be more biased.
B) The results will be more controlled.
C) The results will be more objective.
D) The results will be more statistically significant.
Answer: C
Q2) Why are correlations less convincing than controlled experimental results?
A) Correlations are subject to greater bias than experimental results.
B) Correlations cannot be observed outside the laboratory.
C) Correlations cannot be statistically significant.
D) Correlations do not eliminate as many alternative hypotheses.
Answer: D
Q3) Which of the following is a testable hypothesis?
A) Taking zinc lozenges at the first sign of cold symptoms is wise.
B) Avoiding contact with other people reduces the chance of catching a cold.
C) Being a good driver makes you less likely to catch a cold.
D) Sleeping 8 hours a night makes you feel better when you have a cold.
Answer: B
Q4) What type of reasoning takes the form of "if/then" statements?
Answer: Deductive
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Chapter 2: Science Fiction, Bad Science, and
Pseudoscience:
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53 Verified Questions
53 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/19879
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is nonpolar?
A) a positive ion
B) a negative ion
C) a neutral ion
D) a molecule with no partial charges
Answer: D
Q2) Which of the following is considered part of a living organism's metabolism?
A) secretion of wastes
B) growth and development
C) responses to external stimuli
D) reproduction
Answer: A
Q3) Sodium chloride is composed of molecules that are stable when dry. In the presence of water, however, the atoms of the molecules separate from each other. What type of chemical bond holds the dry substance together?
A) hydrogen bonds
B) ionic bonds
C) nonpolar covalent bonds
D) polar covalent bonds
Answer: B
Page 4
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Chapter 3: Is It Possible to Supplement Your Way to Better
Performance and Health
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87 Verified Questions
87 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/19880
Sample Questions
Q1) Which organelle performs photosynthesis?
A) chloroplast
B) Golgi apparatus
C) lysosome
D) mitochondrion
Answer: A
Q2) What is a deficiency of water in the body?
A) diffusion
B) dehydration
C) endocytosis
D) hypertension
Answer: B
Q3) Which organelle performs cellular respiration?
A) endoplasmic reticulum
B) Golgi apparatus
C) lysosome
D) mitochondrion
Answer: D
Q4) What is the compartment in a eukaryotic cell where DNA is stored as chromatin?
Answer: nucleus
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Chapter 4: Body Weight and Health: Enzymes, Metabolism, and Cellular Respiration
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63 Verified Questions
63 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/19881
Sample Questions
Q1) Which molecule results from the process of fermentation?
A) ADP
B) NADPH
C) NADH
D) NAD
Q2) What happens to an ATP molecule after it has released a phosphate?
A) It becomes AMP and is recycled into proteins.
B) It is phosphorylated and becomes ADP.
C) It is converted into lactic acid and transported to the liver for disposal.
D) It is secreted in urine as a waste product of cellular respiration.
Q3) Which molecules are required by the body but do not produce ATP?
A) carbohydrates
B) proteins
C) fats
D) vitamins
Q4) Why are eating disorders that severely restrict food intake very dangerous?
A) Menstruation can cease, which may cause sterility.
B) The risk of stroke can increase.
C) They can cause Type 1 diabetes.
D) They can lead to high blood pressure.
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Chapter 5: Life in the Greenhouse: Photosynthesis and Climate Change
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/19882
Sample Questions
Q1) How many membranes surround each chloroplast?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
Q2) Excess amounts of which sugar are used by plants to make glucose?
A) G3P
B) RuBP
C) NADPH
D) fructose
Q3) During what time of the day would the most hydrogen bonds reform between water molecules in a lake?
A) in the late morning
B) at noon
C) in the late afternoon
D) at night
Q4) Inside which specialized organelle does photosynthesis occur?
Q5) What unconsumed macromolecule from dead organisms eventually formed fossil fuels?
Q6) What cells regulate gas exchange by opening and closing the stomata? Page 7
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Page 8
Chapter 6: Cancer: DNA Synthesis, Mitosis, and Meiosis
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58 Verified Questions
58 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/19883
Sample Questions
Q1) During the metaphase checkpoint, what information is being checked by the cell?
A) if it is large enough to divide
B) if its DNA has been replicated correctly
C) if its chromosomes are properly attached to microtubules
D) if there are sufficient nutrients available
Q2) Which organs are often analyzed for cancer cells to determine whether the tumor has metastasized?
A) liver
B) lymph node
C) pancreas
D) ovary
Q3) During which stage of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate?
A) meiosis I
B) meiosis II
C) interphase
D) cytokinesis
Q4) What are specialized cells (egg cells and sperm cells, for example) used for sexual reproduction?
Q5) What is the process by which cells of a malignant tumor can break away and start new cancers at distant locations?
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Chapter 7: Are You Only As Smart As Your Genes Mendelian and Quantitative Genetics
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71 Verified Questions
71 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/19884
Sample Questions
Q1) Which description applies to typical quantitative traits?
A) Such traits are easy to follow using Punnett squares.
B) Such traits are not affected by the environment.
C) Such traits are usually influenced by only one gene.
D) Such traits show continuous variation.
Q2) What are homologous chromosomes?
A) chromosome that almost always contain identical alleles
B) chromosomes that generally contain the same genes
C) chromosomes that are inherited together because they don't separate during meiosis
D) chromosomes that are fewer in body cells than in gametes
Q3) What does the highest point on a bell-shaped curve represent?
A) maximum amount of variation in a trait
B) heritability value of a trait
C) number of people in the population who are heterozygous
D) mean of the population
Q4) What type of trait has an "off-or-on" character, where individuals have either one phenotype or another (for example, purple vs. white flowers)?
Page 10
Q5) What term refers to the physical traits of an organism?
Q6) What are the segments of DNA that generally code for proteins?
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Chapter 8: DNA Detective: Complex Patterns of Inheritance and
Dna Profiling
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65 Verified Questions
65 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/19885
Sample Questions
Q1) What pattern of inheritance applies to a woman with type A blood who has the alleles IA and i?
A) polygenic inheritance
B) simple dominance
C) codominance
D) sex-linked recessive inheritance
Q2) A patient with which blood type can receive blood from any donor?
A) type A
B) type B
C) type AB
D) type O
Q3) Which item is used to produce genetic fingerprints of people?
A) RNA polymerase
B) Punnett squares
C) pedigree analysis
D) VNTRs
Q4) In human ABO blood types, what description applies to the alleles for A and B because they're both expressed?
Page 12
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Chapter 9: Genetically Modified Organisms: Gene
Expression, Mutation,
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66 Verified Questions
66 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) How are proteins changed to become recombinant proteins?
A) from chemicals in the lab
B) by genetically modified bacteria
C) more potent or more highly concentrated before their use
D) directly from deoxyribonucleic acids, thus bypassing transcription and translation
Q2) Which molecule serves as the template during translation?
A) DNA
B) mRNA
C) tRNA
D) polymerase
Q3) What type of bond forms between amino acids at the ribosome during translation?
A) peptide
B) ester
C) phosphodiester
D) hydrogen
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Chapter 10: Where Did We Come From the Evidence for Evolution
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72 Verified Questions
72 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/19887
Sample Questions
Q1) Why is common descent considered a scientific theory?
A) There is overwhelming evidence to support it from many areas of biology.
B) Scientists are reasonably sure it's true, but there's little evidence to support it.
C) It's an idea from more than 100 years ago and thus is not a modern idea.
D) It's the only idea about life on Earth that can be tested by observation of the material universe.
Q2) Why can evolution in mosquitoes be more easily observed than evolution in a population of squirrels?
A) Mosquitoes have a shorter generation time.
B) Mosquitoes have a higher mutation rate.
C) Mosquitoes feed only on blood.
D) Mosquitoes lay eggs rather than bear live young.
Q3) What type of evidence for the theory of common descent would include the nonfunctional wings of an ostrich?
A) vestigial structures
B) homologous structures
C) shared developmental pathways
D) DNA similarity
Q4) What term describes distribution patterns of living things around the world?
Page 14
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Chapter 11: An Evolving Enemy: Natural Selection
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/19888
Sample Questions
Q1) True or false: Natural selection occurs so an organism can become perfectly adapted to its environment.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In a population, which individuals are most likely to survive and reproduce?
A) the individuals who are best adapted to the environment
B) the largest individuals in the group
C) the individuals who can catch the most prey
D) the individuals who grow the most rapidly
Q3) True or false: Any trait that is controlled by genes can be acted on by natural selection.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is an allele?
A) a gene that has been changed by natural selection
B) a trait that has been influence by artificial selection
C) a gene that hasn't changed over time
D) a particular version of a gene
Q5) After four observations, Darwin made the inference that natural selection causes what process?
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Chapter 12: Who Am I Species and Races
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/19889
Sample Questions
Q1) How does the distribution shown on the map of alleles for the B blood type support the hypothesis that there are no biological races of humans?
A) All human groups show the same frequency of this allele.
B) A distinct frequency pattern of this allele is found in each human group.
C) A gradient of frequency of the allele is found from its origin in Asia outward to Europe.
D) There's no pattern with respect to frequency of this allele throughout Asia and Europe.
Q2) What is evolution that occurs as a result of chance events?
A) sexual selection
B) genetic drift
C) gene flow
D) population bottleneck
Q3) True or false: When a founder population has a small gene pool, evolutionary change is more likely to be rapid than if the founder population has a large gene pool.
A)True
B)False
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16
Chapter 13: The Greatest Species on Earth Biodiversity and Classification
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61 Verified Questions
61 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Of the four kingdoms in the domain Eukarya, which one is most likely to be split into two or more new kingdoms as scientists perform more genetic analyses on evolutionary relationships?
A) kingdom Plantae
B) kingdom Protista
C) kingdom Animalia
D) kingdom Fungi
Q2) What is the adaptive value of natural antibiotic production for fungi?
A) Bacteria use fungi for food.
B) Bacteria spoil the food that the fungi need for their own nutrition.
C) Bacteria are the main competitors with fungi for food.
D) Bacteria inhibit the reproduction of fungi.
Q3) What was the first antibiotic, discovered as a result of a laboratory accident?
Q4) True or false: It's possible for the same species to be categorized under two different names in different natural history museums around the world.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What organisms form mats of long, thin chains of cells and are important in decomposition?
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Chapter 14: Is the Human Population Too Large Population
Ecology
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69 Verified Questions
69 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/19891
Sample Questions
Q1) Which group would be an ecological population of organisms?
A) all chipmunks in a wood lot
B) all plants in a garden
C) all animals in a zoo
D) all plants and animals in a rainforest
Q2) When you look at the spacing of humans on a global level, what type of distribution does the population follow?
A) clumped
B) uniform
C) random
D) indescribable
Q3) Which factor is directly involved in calculating NPP?
A) the change in growth of the human population
B) the amount of solar energy converted to chemical energy by plants
C) the amount of chemical energy required by plants to support themselves
D) the number of births and deaths in a population over one year
Q4) True or false: Human populations don't generally follow the "boom and bust" cycle of some animal populations.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 15: Conserving Biodiversity: Community and Ecosystem Ecology
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72 Verified Questions
72 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/19892
Sample Questions
Q1) During the 1980s, wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park after decades of absence due to attempted extermination in the early part of the twentieth century. Within 20 years, not only had the wolf population increased, but there was also a dramatic increase in other species, such as aspen, cottonwood, and willow trees, beavers, warblers, insects, and fish. These changes in Yellowstone Park are examples of how important a(n) ________ can be to an ecosystem.
A) keystone species
B) competitor
C) herbivore
D) parasite
Q2) Cattle egrets hitch a ride on domestic cows and eat insects that are stirred up by their activity. What term describes this relationship?
A) commensalism
B) competition
C) predation
D) parasitism
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Chapter 16: Where Do You Live Climate and Biomes
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72 Verified Questions
72 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/19893
Sample Questions
Q1) When a patch of land is cleared in a tropical rainforest, the vegetation is often burned to enrich the soil with nutrients from the burned plant material. What description applies to this situation?
A) This works well because so many nutrients are trapped in tropical plants.
B) This works for a few years, but the soil is soon depleted of nutrients.
C) This isn't necessary because tropical soils are filled with nutrients.
D) This helps to promote long-term sustainable agriculture.
Q2) Where are the major deserts of the world located?
A) 30° north and south of the equator
B) 23.5° north and south of the equator
C) 45° north and south of the equator
D) the equator
Q3) During the last few years, scientists have observed that caribou have had difficulty migrating due to the melting of the ________, creating impassable wetlands where there was once solid ground.
A) glaciers
B) ice caps
C) icebergs
D) permafrost
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Page 20
Chapter 17: Organ Donation: Tissues and Organs
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54 Verified Questions
54 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What process is responsible for the maintenance of blood glucose levels by the liver?
A) diabetes
B) thermoregulation
C) positive feedback
D) negative feedback
Q2) Which statement describes organs?
A) Each organ has a single function within the body.
B) An organ always contains at least three different tissue types.
C) Failure of an individual organ can affect an entire organ system.
D) Most organs function to provide the body with energy.
Q3) Which tissue type lines the intestines and helps in the absorption of nutrients?
A) muscle
B) connective
C) epithelial
D) nervous
Q4) What example of homeostasis includes the maintenance of constant internal body temperature?
Q5) What connective tissue is made from substances secreted by osteocytes?
Q6) What tissue type protects the body from water loss?
21
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Chapter 18: Binge Drinking: the Digestive and Urinary Systems
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28 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) What strategy will encourage a safer engagement with alcohol?
A) adding energy drinks to any alcoholic beverage
B) alternating drinking glasses of water with alcoholic drinks
C) drinking only two to three alcoholic beverages per hour
D) eating a large meal after consuming alcohol
Q2) A person can live a normal life without which digestive system organ?
A) liver
B) gall bladder
C) pancreas
D) small intestine
Q3) True or False: Drinking any amount of alcohol always has negative effects on the body.
A)True
B)False
Q4) How many alcoholic drinks can generally be metabolized in one hour?
A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four
Q5) What are the functional units of the kidneys?
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Chapter 19: Clearing the Air: Respiratory and Cardiovascular Systems
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54 Verified Questions
54 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/19896
Sample Questions
Q1) True or false: Of the 170,000 new cases of lung cancer diagnosed in the United States each year, greater than 90% of these patients are current smokers or former smokers.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which best describes an artery?
A) Arteries carry blood away from the heart.
B) Arteries carry oxygenated blood.
C) Arteries contain valves.
D) Arteries have thinner walls than veins.
Q3) As air is inhaled, which of these four structures is the last to be encountered?
A) larynx
B) trachea
C) bronchiole
D) bronchi
Q4) Which structures have valves to prevent blood from flowing backwards?
A) arteries
B) capillaries
C) veins
D) SA node
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Chapter 20: Vaccination: Protection and Prevention or Peril
Immune System,
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68 Verified Questions
68 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which mode of transmission is used by the HIV virus in humans?
A) sneezing
B) blood transfusion
C) tears
D) insect bite
Q2) What disease is caused by the Epstein-Barr virus?
A) the common cold
B) rabies
C) tuberculosis
D) mononucleosis
Q3) AZT is an effective drug for treating HIV-infected individuals because it prevents the replication of new viral particles. The HIV virus has a genome made of RNA. Of the following, which represents the most likely target for the action of AZT?
A) DNA in the host cell
B) cell wall of the virus
C) reverse transcriptase in the virus
D) DNA ligase in the host cell
Q4) Some RNA viruses, such as HIV, require what enzyme (two words) to convert the viral RNA genome into a DNA version?
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Chapter 21: Human Sex Differences: Endocrine, Skeletal, and Muscular Systems
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57 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) True or false: In general, the first signs of puberty occur earlier in life for girls than for boys.
A)True
B)False
Q2) You're treating a patient who experienced a fracture to her appendicular skeleton. Which bone would need to be treated?
A) skull
B) vertebral column
C) sternum
D) tibia
Q3) How do the hormones involved in blood calcium homeostasis actually function?
A) Parathyroid hormone stimulates calcium deposit in bones and increases calcium uptake in the kidneys.
B) A falling blood calcium level causes the thyroid to release calcitonin.
C) Calcitonin acts to lower blood calcium levels, and parathyroid hormone acts to raise blood calcium.
D) Both parathyroid hormone and calcitonin act to raise blood calcium levels.
Q4) Which system is an internal system of regulation and communication involving hormones, glands, and target cells?
Page 25
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Chapter 22: Is There Something in the Water Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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67 Verified Questions
67 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When does spermatogenesis first occur in males?
A) in the womb
B) at birth
C) during childhood
D) at puberty
Q2) Asexual reproduction
A) requires the genetic contributions of two individuals.
B) requires two types of sex cells.
C) results in offspring that are clones of the parent.
D) results in fertilization.
Q3) What hormone is responsible for milk production and secretion during and after pregnancy?
A) prolactin
B) estrogen
C) progesterone
D) human chorionic gonadotropin
Q4) True or false: All sexually transmitted diseases can be cured if medical treatment is sought early enough.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 23: Study Drugs: Brain Boost or Brain Drain Brain
Structure and Function
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68 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which specialized cells receive and respond to stimuli?
A) effectors
B) neurotransmitters
C) neurons
D) nerve impulses
Q2) During synaptic transmission across a typical synapse, which action occurs?
A) Sodium ions flow into the membrane of the presynaptic neuron.
B) The binding of neurotransmitters triggers the release of potassium ions by the presynaptic neuron.
C) Vesicles containing neurotransmitter molecules diffuse to the receiving neuron's plasma membrane.
D) Neurotransmitter molecules bind to receptors on the postsynaptic membrane.
Q3) Which action causes the release of neurotransmitter molecules?
A) the reception of a signal from the postsynaptic neuron
B) an electrical signal reaching the end of the cell body
C) an electrical signal reaching the terminal bouton
D) an electrical signal reaching the beginning of the dendrite
Q4) What system is composed of the spinal cord and brain?
Page 27
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Chapter 24: Feeding the World: Plant Structure and Growth
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Sample Questions
Q1) Plants grow taller from their growing tips, or ________. This form of growth is also known as ________ growth.
A) apical meristems; primary
B) apical meristems; secondary
C) axillary buds; primary
D) axillary buds; secondary
Q2) Plants need both macronutrients and micronutrients to grow. Which chemical is a plant micronutrient?
A) nitrogen
B) iron
C) magnesium
D) sulfur
Q3) Which crops are perennial plants?
A) rice
B) wheat
C) white potatoes
D) sweet potatoes
Q4) What is the emergence of a plant embryo from a seed?
Q5) Pollination occurs when the pollen of a flower lands on which plant structure?
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Chapter 25: Growing a Green Thumb: Plant Physiology
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66 Verified Questions
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Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/19902
Sample Questions
Q1) Which plant is a perennial?
A) peony
B) morning glory
C) petunia
D) pansy
Q2) When have many deciduous plants adapted to drop their leaves?
A) when overwatered
B) during summer
C) during droughts
D) whenever daylight cycles shorten
Q3) When might cytosol leak into plant cell vacuoles?
A) if water freezes outside a plant cell
B) if water freezes inside a plant cell
C) if severe drought conditions shut down normal rates of transpiration
D) if the critical night length isn't met
Q4) In which direction would translocation occur in a pine tree?
A) from the roots to the needles
B) from pinecones to the roots
C) from the sugar source to the sink
D) from the sugar sink to the source
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