Course Introduction
Anatomy Lab
Final Exam Questions
Anatomy Lab is a hands-on course designed to provide students with a practical understanding of human anatomy through direct observation and dissection. Students engage with anatomical models, cadaver specimens, and virtual simulations to identify and explore the structure and organization of the human body. Emphasizing the relationship between form and function, the lab reinforces theoretical concepts introduced in lecture and develops essential skills in anatomical orientation, teamwork, and scientific observation, which are foundational for further studies in health sciences and medicine.
Recommended Textbook
Human Anatomy 7th Edition by Frederic H. Martini
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28 Chapters
5578 Verified Questions
5578 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Foundations: An Introduction to Anatomy
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190 Verified Questions
190 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Specialized cell types united to perform a distinctive group of shared functions show organization at the chemical level.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) The process of cellular specialization to perform certain functions is called
Answer: differentiation
Q3) Label E: ______________________________
Answer: Gluteus or buttock (gluteal)
Q4) The two layers of a serous membrane are
A)pericardial and parietal.
B)double sheets of peritoneum.
C)visceral and parietal.
D)pleural and parietal.
E)internal and external.
Answer: C
Q5) A ________ section is produced if the body is separated into top and bottom portions.
Answer: transverse
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Chapter 2: Foundations: The Cell
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158 Verified Questions
158 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Label L: ______________________________
Answer: Plasmalemma
Q2) Label H: ______________________________
Answer: Nucleoplasm
Q3) A ________ is a cell junction that binds the cell membranes of neighboring cells tightly to one another preventing the passage of material between the cells. Answer: tight junction or occluding junction
Q4) Communicating junctions are found in high quantities in the A)heart. B)brain. C)lungs. D)eyes. E)bones.
Answer: A
Q5) Label K: ______________________________
Answer: Daughter cells
Q6) Large areas of opposing plasmalemma may be interconnected by transmembrane proteins called ________ or CAMs. Answer: cell adhesion molecules
Page 4
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Chapter 3: Foundations: Tissues and Early Embryology
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151 Verified Questions
151 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The superficial fascia, also called the subcutaneous layer or ________, is the layer of loose connective tissue sandwiched between the skin and underlying tissues and organs.
Answer: hypodermis
Q2) Which of the following describes the major function of serous membranes
A)Each consists of a mesothelium supported by dense connective tissue.
B)They line body cavities that communicate with the exterior.
C)They are loosely attached to the body wall and to the organs they cover.
D)Their parietal and visceral portions never touch.
E)Tiny amounts of transudate on their opposing surfaces reduce friction.
Answer: E
Q3) The membranes that line joint cavities and help reduce friction are called
Answer: synovial membranes
Q4) A serous membrane consists of a simple squamous epithelium and the underlying
Answer: loose connective tissue or areolar tissue
Q5) Label D: ______________________________
Answer: Simple coiled tubular
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Chapter 4: The Integumentary System
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Sample Questions
Q1) How does melanin protect the skin from the effects of ultraviolet light
Q2) Label O: ______________________________
Q3) Modified sweat glands that secrete earwas are called ________ glands.
Q4) Label K: ______________________________
Q5) Label D: ______________________________
Q6) What is the clinical importance of the lines of cleavage of the skin
Q7) What is the importance of "baby fat"
Q8) The stratum basale makes up the dead surface cells.
A)True
B)False
Q9) Label B: ______________________________
Q10) Label I: ______________________________
Q11) Material containing fibrin, fibroblasts, and capillaries that forms during tissue repair following inflammation is called a scab.
A)True
B)False
A)True Page 6
Q12) A fibrin clot that forms at the surface of a wound to the skin is called granulation tissue.
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Page 7
Chapter 5: The Skeletal System: Osseous Tissue and Skeletal
Structure
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194 Verified Questions
194 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A displaced fracture retains the normal alignment of the bone elements or fragments.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Label L: ______________________________
Q3) Label N: ______________________________
Q4) In the skeletal system, compact bone is located
A)where bones are most heavily stressed.
B)where stresses arrive from many directions.
C)in the epiphyses of the long bones.
D)in direct contact with articular cartilages.
E)All of the answers are correct.
Q5) The production of new bone is called ________.
Q6) If a long bone found at an archeological dig contained functional epiphyseal plates, what inference is most accurate
A)The person was a male.
B)The person was prepubertal.
C)The person had many injuries.
D)The person was elderly.
E)None of the answers are correct.
Page 8
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Page 9
Chapter 6: The Skeletal System: Axial Division
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199 Verified Questions
199 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The inner ear bones or ossicles are located within the temporal bones.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The proper name for C1 is the ________.
Q3) Label P: ______________________________
Q4) How many bones make up the skull
(Note: Be sure your answer is a numeral, e.g. "5" vs "five").
Q5) Which of the following is true of the foramen magnum
A)It allows passage of the carotid arteries into the head.
B)It is located between the parietal and occipital bones.
C)It is located in the inferior surface of the occipital bone.
D)It is the second largest foramen in the cranium.
E)None of the answers are correct.
Q6) Label S: ______________________________
Q7) Label L: ______________________________
Q8) Label I: ______________________________
Q9) The lowest section of the vertebral column is the sacrum.
A)True
B)False
Q10) Label A: ______________________________ Page 10
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Chapter 7: The Skeletal System: Appendicular Division
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239 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Label T: ______________________________
Q2) Can the race of an individual be discerned from the skeleton
Q3) Label N: ______________________________
Q4) Label E: ______________________________
Q5) Label R: ______________________________
Q6) Label T: ______________________________
Q7) Label S: ______________________________
Q8) Label BB: ______________________________
Q9) Most bones in the appendicular skeleton develop from A)fibrous connective tissue.
B)hyaline cartilage.
C)the process of intramembranous ossification.
D)the process of endochondral ossification.
E)hyaline cartilage models and the process of endochondral ossification.
Q10) Label C: ______________________________
Q11) Label I: ______________________________
Q13) Label C: ______________________________ Page 12
Q12) Label K: ______________________________
Q15) Label S: ______________________________
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Chapter 8: The Skeletal System: Articulations
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Sample Questions
Q1) The joints that result from ossification of the epiphyseal cartilages are called ________.
Q2) Label Y: ______________________________
Q3) Structures that connect bone to bone are called
A)tendons.
B)menisci.
C)ligaments.
D)bursae.
E)cartilage.
Q4) Label G: ______________________________
Q5) Two areas of the vertebral column that lack intervertebral discs are the coccyx and the ________.
Q6) Which of the following factors contributes to the integrity and normal functioning of the elbow joint
A)the thick articular capsule
B)tendons
C)ligaments
D)the fit of the bony surfaces
E)All of the answers are correct.
Q7) Label L: ______________________________
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Chapter 9: The Muscular System: Skeletal Muscle Tissue and
Muscle Organization
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198 Verified Questions
198 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When a resting muscle contracts only enough to produce tension without movement, this is an example of A)activation.
B)muscle tone.
C)hypertrophy.
D)atrophy.
E)twitch.
Q2) Relaxation of muscle is a(n)________ process.
Q3) The connective tissue surrounding a bundle of muscle fibers is called A)endomysium.
B)epimysium.
C)perimysium.
D)a tendon.
E)an aponeurosis.
Q4) Slow fibers primarily use which of the following for energy
A)glycogen
B)lipids
C)carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins through the aerobic pathway
D)anaerobic metabolism
E)protein
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Chapter 10: The Muscular System: Axial Musculature
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188 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is the most anterior and lateral muscle of the urogenital triangle
A)ischiocavernosus
B)bulbospongiosus
C)perineus group
D)coccygeus
E)external urethral sphincter
Q2) The superficial layer of the perineum is called (the)
A)urogenital triangle.
B)anal triangle.
C)urogenital diaphragm.
D)pelvic triangle.
E)both urogenital triangle and anal triangle.
Q3) Label M: ______________________________
Q4) How do the muscles of the mandible, tongue, and pharynx work together in chewing and swallowing food
Q5) Label GG: ______________________________
Q6) Label S: ______________________________
Q7) Label P: ______________________________
Q8) Label AAA: ______________________________
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Chapter 11: The Muscular System: Appendicular
Musculature
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Sample Questions
Q1) Label T: ______________________________
Q2) The subscapularis inserts on the greater tubercle and laterally rotates the humerus.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Label R: ______________________________
Q4) Label J: ______________________________
Q5) The diamond-shaped ________ muscle originates on the middle of the neck and back and inserts on the clavicles and scapular spines, covering the upper back and extending to the base of the skull.
Q6) Label D: ______________________________
Q7) The major groups of appendicular muscles include those of (the) A)vertebral column.
B)posterior cervical region.
C)shoulder and upper limb region.
D)pelvic girdle and lower limbs.
E)shoulder, pelvis, and upper and lower limbs.
Q8) Label J: ______________________________
Q9) What are the primary actions performed by the upper and lower limbs, and how do they differ from one another Page 17
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Page 18
Chapter 12: Surface Anatomy and Cross-Sectional
Anatomy
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Sample Questions
Q1) Clinically, one of the most important structures located in the cubital fossa is (the) A)head of the radius.
B)median cubital vein.
C)linea alba.
D)pectoralis major muscle.
E)None of the answers are correct.
Q2) Label M: ______________________________
Q3) Label E: ______________________________
Q4) Label F: ______________________________
Q5) Label I: ______________________________
Q6) The tongue can be seen in a cross-section in the upper cervical levels.
A)True
B)False
Q7) CT scans and ________ are often viewed in cross-section.
Q8) Label L: ______________________________
Q10) Label N: ______________________________ Page 19
Q9) In addition to using visual observation, one can understand surface anatomy by ________ of the structures under study.
Q11) The ________ divides the anterior and posterior cervical triangles.
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Page 20
Chapter 13: The Nervous System: Neural Tissue
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180 Verified Questions
180 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Pathways leading from the receptors to the CNS are called
A)afferent pathways.
B)efferent pathways.
C)sensory pathways.
D)motor pathways.
E)both afferent and sensory pathways.
Q2) Label C: ______________________________
Q3) Receptors may be classified as
A)effectors and muscles.
B)somatic and visceral.
C)glands and muscles.
D)voluntary and involuntary.
E)subconscious and conscious.
Q4) The structural classification of a neuron is based upon
A)the size of the dendrites.
B)the number of axons.
C)the number of processes that project from the cell body.
D)the type of chemical neurotransmitter it secretes.
E)the overall size of the cell.
Q5) Label H: ______________________________
21
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Chapter 14: The Nervous System: The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves
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Sample Questions
Q1) The reason the lumbar plexus and sacral plexus are sometimes referred to as the lumbosacral plexus is because
A)they have a very large connection between them.
B)they are so close together.
C)they innervate the same area of the body.
D)they both carry only sensory information.
E)None of the answers are correct.
Q2) The main branches off of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus are the subscapular and ________ nerves.
Q3) Label S: ______________________________
Q4) Label P: ______________________________
Q5) Label A: ______________________________
Q6) Label E: ______________________________
Q7) Spinal tap and lumbar puncture are synonymous. A)True B)False
Q9) Label J: ______________________________ Page 22
Q8) Label R: ______________________________
Q11) Label CC: ______________________________
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Chapter 15: The Nervous System: Sensory and Motor Tracts of the Spinal Cord
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Sample Questions
Q1) Label J: ______________________________
Q2) The motor pathways of the autonomic nervous system
A)show a neuronal organization like that of the somatic nervous system.
B)contain both upper and lower motor neurons.
C)include only neurons located in the brain or spinal cord.
D)control visceral effectors, such as smooth and cardiac muscle and glands.
E)All of the answers are correct.
Q3) Label C: ______________________________
Q4) Label B: ______________________________
Q5) The fiber pathways nearest the anterior median fissure make up the ________.
Q6) Label G: ______________________________
Q7) The most disproportionate area of the body in the motor homunculus is the relatively small size of the ________ compared to its actual size.
Q8) Label D: ______________________________
Q9) Label H: ______________________________
Q10) Another word for crossing over of axons is ________.
Q11) Predict the effects of a superficial injury to the lateral columns. Page 24
Q13) Label E: ______________________________
Q14) Label N: ______________________________
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Page 25
Chapter 16: The Nervous System: The Brain and Cranial Nerves
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the brains of left-handed people who have extremely good mathematical skills, A)the analytical region is in the right hemisphere more often than in right-handed individuals.
B)the analytical region of the brain is in the left hemisphere in approximately 90 percent of cases.
C)the analytical interpretive area is always in the right cerebral hemisphere.
D)the corpus callosum is unusually large.
E)None of the answers are correct.
Q2) Label Q: ______________________________
Q3) Label K: ______________________________
Q4) The major function of the superior colliculi includes reflexes involved with A)the ears.
B)the nose.
C)the taste buds.
D)the eyes.
E)None of the answers are correct.
Q5) Label J: ______________________________
26
Q6) Label H: ______________________________
Q7) Label P: ______________________________
Q8) Label E: ______________________________
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Chapter 17: The Nervous System: Autonomic Nervous System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Label T: ______________________________
Q2) Label EE: ______________________________
Q3) Solar plexus is another name for (the)
A)celiac plexus.
B)hypogastric plexus.
C)superior mesenteric plexus.
D)esophageal plexus.
E)None of the answers are correct.
Q4) What type of activity by the ANS gives a person a burst of energy
A)The sympathetic division decreases peripheral blood pressure.
B)The sympathetic division increases the release of glucose from the liver.
C)Parasympathetic stimulation constricts the pupil of the eye.
D)The parasympathetic division causes increased motility of the stomach.
E)All of the answers are correct.
Q5) In the autonomic nervous system
A)the lower motor neuron directly controls the effector organ.
B)there is always a synapse located between the CNS and the effector organ.
C)motor neurons do not synapse but are connected by communicating junctions.
D)some motor neurons release both ACh and NE.
E)None of the answers are correct.
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Chapter 18: The Nervous System: General and Special
Senses
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Sample Questions
Q1) The cell bodies of the sensory neurons that monitor the receptors in the cochlear duct are contained in the spiral ganglion.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Label R: ______________________________
Q3) Lens contains highly organized collagen fibers causing it to be transparent.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Bipolar cells give off axons to the optic nerve.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Label X: ______________________________
Q6) The auditory tube is also called the Eustachian tube or the ________.
Q7) Label P: ______________________________
Q8) Label H: ______________________________
Q9) Label A: ______________________________
Q10) Descending instructions along the ________ of the spinal cord adjust peripheral muscle tone to complement the reflexive movements of the head or neck. Page 29
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Page 30
Chapter 19: The Endocrine System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Aldosterone is released from the suprarenal cortex.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Label I: ______________________________
Q3) The lobes of the thyroid gland are connected by the A)infundibulum.
B)isthmus.
C)thyroid chiasm.
D)medulla.
E)cortex.
Q4) The steroid hormone produced by the kidneys in response to the presence of PTH is ________.
Q5) Which hormone stimulates ovulation and the secretion of progesterone by ovarian cells
A)follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
B)thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
C)antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
D)luteinizing hormone (LH)
E)oxytocin (OT)
Q6) Label I: ______________________________
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Chapter 20: The Cardiovascular System: Blood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Label D: ______________________________
Q2) A low red cell count could cause which of the following problems
A)impaired immune response
B)inefficient toxin removal from the tissues
C)a reduced rate of diapedesis
D)diminished transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide
E)All of the answers are correct.
Q3) Why is oxygen able to diffuse out of the bloodstream and into the peripheral tissues passively
A)Oxygen has the unique ability to diffuse in or out of any tissue at any time.
B)There is a higher concentration of oxygen in the tissues than in the bloodstream.
C)There is a lower concentration of oxygen in the tissues than in the bloodstream.
D)The plasma has higher quantities of dissolved proteins.
E)None of the answers are correct.
Q4) Label H: ______________________________
Q5) Lymphocytes include the B and T cells.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 21: The Cardiovascular System: The Heart
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Sample Questions
Q1) The left ventricle pumps blood into the
A)pulmonary semilunar valves.
B)pulmonary veins.
C)pulmonary arteries.
D)aorta.
E)vena cava.
Q2) Label N: ______________________________
Q3) Label EE: ______________________________
Q4) Which of the following is a major component of the conduction system located in the interventricular septum
A)SA node
B)bundle branches
C)AV node
D)Purkinje fibers
E)None of the answers are correct.
Q5) Label F: ______________________________
Q6) Label D: ______________________________
Q7) The pulmonary veins bring blood from the lungs back to the heart.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 22: The Cardiovascular System: Vessels and Circulation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Label Q: ______________________________
Q2) Label B: ______________________________
Q3) The left side of the posterior thoracic wall drains blood into the A)hemiazygos vein.
B)azygous vein.
C)highest intercostal vein.
D)esophageal veins.
E)hemiazygos and highest intercostal veins.
Q4) If a person with a wrist injury suffers damage to the radial artery, which is temporarily tied off, how will the circulation to the hand be affected
Q5) Long, thin arteries, present only in males, that originate between the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries are the testicular arteries.
A)True B)False
Q6) The layer of stretchy fibers found between the media and adventitia is called the
Page 34
Q7) The temporal and maxillary veins drain into the internal jugular veins. A)True B)False
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Chapter 23: The Lymphoid System
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Sample Questions
Q1) HIV weakens the immune system by
A)overwhelming it with infection.
B)attacking T cells.
C)destroying antibodies.
D)attacking B cells.
E)All of the answers are correct.
Q2) When lymphoid systems do not function and affected tissues become distended and swollen, ________ occurs.
Q3) Valves in lymphatic vessels resemble those of veins and allow the movement of fluid in ________.
Q4) Lymphocytes are called "wandering" cells because
A)they can move from one area of the body to another by entering and exiting the bloodstream freely.
B)the blood takes them everywhere.
C)they roam around within the organ in which they are found.
D)they attack foreign cells or body cells infected by viruses.
E)None of the answers are correct.
Q5) The B cells that are clustered into elongated masses in the medulla of a lymph node are known as ________.
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Chapter 24: The Respiratory System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Label O: ______________________________
Q2) Label L: ______________________________
Q3) The superior and inferior lobes of the left lung are separated by (the)
A)transverse fissure.
B)sagittal fissure.
C)oblique fissure.
D)horizontal fissure.
E)None of the answers are correct.
Q4) A tracheostomy is an incision in the anterior trachea.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Label A: ______________________________
Q6) The respiratory epithelium consists of a ________ epithelium with numerous goblet cells.
Q7) The irregular surface of the lungs that contains the hilum is called the A)root of the lung.
B)mediastinal surface.
C)diaphragmatic surface.
D)base of the lung.
E)costal surface.
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Chapter 25: The Digestive System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Label S: ______________________________
Q2) Buffers and enzymes from the pancreas as well as bile from the liver reach the duodenum, about halfway along its length, by passing through the ________.
Q3) Label A: ______________________________
Q4) Label F: ______________________________
Q5) The turn between the ascending colon and the transverse colon is called the ________.
Q6) A man in his fifties notices a slight soreness of the cheek near his first upper right molar. Over the next several days the condition becomes much worse and is accompanied by swelling of the cheek and more than normal dryness of the mouth. What is the cause of this problem, how can it be treated, and what potentially serious problem could arise from the method of treatment
Q7) Teeth that appear in the first two years of life are called
A)deciduous teeth.
B)milk teeth.
C)primary teeth.
D)baby teeth.
E)All of the answers are correct.
Q8) Label D: ______________________________
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Chapter 26: The Urinary System
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Sample Questions
Q1) The smooth muscle involved in contracting the bladder during micturition is the
Q2) In the nephron loop
A)water moves by osmosis out of the descending limb.
B)sodium ions are actively transported out of the ascending limb.
C)interstitial fluid around the nephron loop has four times the solute concentration as blood plasma. .
D)the filtrate in the descending limb becomes more and more hypertonic due to the loss of water.
E)All of the answers are correct.
Q3) Label I: ______________________________
Q4) Label F: ______________________________
Q5) Label K: ______________________________
Q6) A secondary complication of chronic inflammation of the prostate gland is ________.
Q7) Label M: ______________________________
Q8) A condition of pain upon urination is called dysuria.
A)True
B)False
Q9) Label A: ______________________________ Page 38
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Chapter 27: The Reproductive System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Label C: ______________________________
Q2) Label G: ______________________________
Q3) Label C: ______________________________
Q4) The presence of HCG prevents the destruction of the ________, which secretes many of the hormones necessary to maintain the pregnancy for the first three months.
Q5) Which of the following is the most distal structure of the penis
A)spongiousum
B)body
C)root
D)glans
E)bulb
Q6) The process of meiosis is unique because it causes a possible number of ________ cells to be formed.
Q7) In females the first meiotic division produces a secondary oocyte and a ________.
Q8) Label J: ______________________________
Q9) Label E: ______________________________
Q10) Label A: ______________________________
Q11) The degeneration of oocytes prior to puberty is known as ________.
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Chapter 28: Embryology and Human Development
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
199 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Among the important and complex events that occur during development are which of the following (1)cleavage (2)embryogenesis (3)ovulation (4)spermiogenesis (5)placentation (6)implantation
A)1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
B)1, 3, 5
C)2, 4, 6
D)1, 2, 5, 6
E)2, 3, 4
Q2) If a woman in the early stages of labor complains that she feels extremely great pressure on her lower back, as if a bowling ball was pushing against her spine, and she is making little progress in dilation of the cervix, what might the problem be
Q3) Label K: ______________________________
Q4) Collectively, the yolk sac, chorion, amnion, and allantois are called the ________ membranes.
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