Anatomy and Physiology for Nursing Exam Preparation
Guide
Course Introduction
Anatomy and Physiology for Nursing introduces students to the structure and function of the human body, emphasizing the relevance to nursing practice. The course covers major organ systems, including the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, respiratory, nervous, digestive, urinary, endocrine, and reproductive systems, focusing on how these systems maintain homeostasis and respond to illness. Students learn anatomical terminology, physiological processes, and the integration of body systems, enabling them to apply this foundational knowledge in patient assessment, care planning, and clinical decision-making. Laboratory sessions and practical activities reinforce theoretical concepts through hands-on experience, preparing nursing students for advanced courses and professional clinical placements.
Recommended Textbook
Holes Human Anatomy Physiology 13th Edition by David Shier
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
24 Chapters
2278 Verified Questions
2278 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/3244 Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
99 Verified Questions
99 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/64436
Sample Questions
Q1) Agriculture began in some countries as recently as _____ years ago.
Answer: 6,000
Q2) The term ______ refers to an increase in body size without overall shape change.
Answer: growth
Q3) Specialized cell types organized in a way that provides a specific function form
A)tissues,which build organs.
B)organs,which build tissues.
C)organ systems,which build tissues.
D)atoms,which comprise tissues.
Answer: A
Q4) The most abundant substance in the human body is _____.
Answer: water
Q5) The digestive system filters wastes from the blood.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q6) The process by which food substances are chemically changed into simpler forms that can be absorbed is called ______.
Answer: digestion
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 3
Chapter 2: Chemical Basis of Life
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
107 Verified Questions
107 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/64435
Sample Questions
Q1) In an ionic bond
A)each atom gains electrons.
B)atoms share a pair or more of electrons.
C)oppositely charged atoms attract.
D)like-charged atoms repel.
Answer: C
Q2) In phenylketonuria,an individual cannot break down the amino acid phenylalanine.Molecules that include phenylalanine build up in the blood,which causes intellectual disability and other symptoms.This inherited disease can be controlled by following a diet that is very low in A)carbohydrates.
B)cholesterol.
C)protein.
D)nucleic acids.
Answer: C
Q3) A base is an electrolyte that releases ions that combine with hydrogen ions. A)True
B)False
Answer: True
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 4
Chapter 3: Cells
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
98 Verified Questions
98 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/64434
Sample Questions
Q1) The movement of molecules through a membrane by filtration requires
A)osmotic pressure.
B)hydrostatic pressure.
C)atmospheric pressure.
D)barometric pressure.
Answer: B
Q2) As a cell grows,
A)the relationship between its surface area and volume remains unchanged.
B)its surface area increases to a lesser degree than its volume.
C)its volume increases to a lesser degree than its surface area.
D)its requirement for nutrients increases to a lesser degree than its requirement for oxygen.
Answer: B
Q3) Which of the following is isotonic to red blood cells?
A)0.9% NaCl solution
B)Distilled water
C)0.9% glucose solution
D)Alcohol
Answer: A
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 5
Chapter 4: Cellular Metabolism
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
117 Verified Questions
117 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/64433
Sample Questions
Q1) Which DNA sequence can encode the amino acid sequence ile-asp-ser-cys-his-tyr?
A)TAGCTGTCAACAGTGATA
B)TAACTGTCGACGGTGATG
C)TAACTAAGTACGGTGATG
D)All of the answer choices are correct
Q2) A molecule that carries energy in a form the cell can use is A)glucose.
B)glycogen.
C)vitamin C
D)ATP.
Q3) Codons are part of A)mRNA.
B)tRNA. C)rRNA.
D)proteins.
Q4) In dehydration synthesis of a carbohydrate, A)larger molecules are decomposed into smaller ones.
B)monosaccharides are joined.
C)water molecules bond to monosaccharide molecules.
D)the molecule is decomposed into carbon dioxide and water.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 6
Chapter 5: Tissues
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
100 Verified Questions
100 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/64432
Sample Questions
Q1) The inner lining of the abdomen is a _______ membrane.
Q2) ______ _______ join cells,forming tissues.
Q3) Which type of tissue lines the follicles of the thyroid glands?
A)Simple squamous epithelium
B)Simple cuboidal epithelium
C)Stratified cuboidal epithelium
D)Glandular epithelium
Q4) Epithelial membranes are typically composed of
A)connective tissue and underlying muscle tissue.
B)epithelium and underlying connective tissue.
C)connective tissue and underlying epithelium.
D)epithelium and underlying muscle tissue.
Q5) Intercellular junctions connect
A)cell membranes.
B)cell nuclei.
C)blood cells.
D)microtubules.
Q6) A single layer of flattened epithelium forms a tissue called ______ ______
Q7) Cells that support neurons are _________.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 7
Chapter 6: Skin and the Integumentary System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
105 Verified Questions
105 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/64431
Sample Questions
Q1) As a person ages,the skin typically becomes A)thicker.
B)more opaque.
C)more elastiC.
D)spotted with patches of pigment.
Q2) A woman undergoes coronary bypass surgery,in which a blood vessel from her leg is moved to her heart,where it supplements the blood supply following a heart attack.This procedure is a(n)
A)xenograft.
B)autograft.
C)allograft.
D)isograft.
Q3) Sebaceous glands secrete
A)fat globules that mix with cellular debris,forming sebum.
B)hormones.
C)sweat in the armpits.
D)mucus.
Q4) The deepest cells of the epidermis make up the stratum ____________.
Q5) ____________ sweat glands become active at puberty and possess ducts that open into hair follicles.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 8
Chapter 7: Skeletal System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/64430
Sample Questions
Q1) The ilium is part of the pelvic girdle.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The membranous soft spots of a newborn's skull are called ______.
Q3) The presence of an epiphyseal plate indicates that:
A)the bone is lengthening.
B)the bone is no longer lengthening.
C)the bone is increasing in diameter.
D)the bone has completed ossification.
Q4) A bone lengthens
A)as a result of cell division in the medullary cavity.
B)due to increased production of bone matrix by osteoclasts.
C)as a result of increased activity within the epiphyseal plate.
D)as compact bone is deposited beneath the periosteum of the diaphysis.
Q5) Which is true of sex hormones?
A)They inhibit osteoblast activity.
B)They have no effect on bone.
C)They stimulate ossification of the epiphyseal plates.
D)Their action on bone growth is stronger in males than in females.
Q6) Secretion of excess ______ hormone causes acromegaly.
Page 9
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 8: Joints of the Skeletal System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
89 Verified Questions
89 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/64429
Sample Questions
Q1) The hip joint is a ball-and-socket joint.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Movements permitted by the elbow joint between the humerus and the ulna are
A)adduction,flexion,and extension.
B)movement in any plane.
C)flexion and extension.
D)rotation and circumduction.
Q3) The movement of a limb away from the midline is ______.
Q4) Straightening the leg at the knee is a type of movement called ______.
Q5) The largest and most complex synovial joint is the A)hip joint.
B)knee joint.
C)elbow joint.
D)shoulder joint.
Q6) Limited movement occurs when forces compress the cartilaginous pad between bones at a _______________ .
Q7) Moving a part away from the midline is abduction.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 10
Chapter 9: Muscular System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
89 Verified Questions
89 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/64428
Sample Questions
Q1) A broad sheet of dense connective tissue that attaches the coverings of adjacent muscles is called an ______.
Q2) People with myasthenia gravis have a deficiency of
A)titin molecules.
B)troponin molecules.
C)acetylcholine receptors
D)sarcomeres.
Q3) Creatine phosphate
A)causes the decomposition of ATP.
B)causes the decomposition of ADP.
C)supplies energy for the synthesis of ATP.
D)supplies energy for the breakdown of ATP to ADP.
Q4) The enzyme ATPase occurs in the globular portion of myosin molecules.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Temporomandibular joint (TMJ)syndrome causes
A)headache.
B)ringing in the ears.
C)clicking sound from the jaw.
D)all of the above.
11
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 10: Nervous System I
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
85 Verified Questions
85 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/64427
Sample Questions
Q1) Drugs that inhibit the enzyme monoamine oxidase
A)allow increased activity of norepinephrine.
B)decompose norepinephrine.
C)decrease the activity of serotonin.
D)decompose serotonin.
Q2) Three general functions of the nervous system are
A)sensory,motor,and predictive.
B)integrative,motor,and sensory.
C)predictive,manipulative,and integrative.
D)reflexive,sensory,and predictive.
Q3) A reason that the axons in the CNS and PNS differ in their ability to regenerate after injury is that
A)axons of the CNS lack myelin.
B)axons of the CNS lack neurilemmae.
C)peripheral nerves lack Schwann cells.
D)peripheral nerves lack endoneurium.
Q4) The difference in electrical charge between the inside and outside of a polarized neuron cell membrane is called the ______ ______.
Q5) Muscles and glands that respond to nervous stimulation are called _______.
Page 12
Q6) A(n)______ is the junction between neurons.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 11: Nervous System II
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
94 Verified Questions
94 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/64426
Sample Questions
Q1) Gray matter of the spinal cord is mostly composed of A)interneurons.
B)cerebrospinal fluid.
C)axons.
D)myelin.
Q2) Which of the following are generally adrenergic fibers?
A)Parasympathetic postganglionic fibers
B)Sympathetic postganglionic fibers
C)Parasympathetic preganglionic fibers
D)Sympathetic preganglionic fibers
Q3) Over the course of several months,Morris has experienced difficulty speaking coherently,clumsiness,muscle fasciculations,and increasing weakness in his limbs.These symptoms are most consistent with those of A)Parkinson disease.
B)Hodgkin's disease.
C)muscular dystrophy.
D)amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Q4) The dura mater is the outermost layer of the meninges.
A)True
B)False
Page 13
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 12: Nervous System III
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
85 Verified Questions
85 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/64425
Sample Questions
Q1) Otosclerosis affects the A)tympanic membrane.
B)auditory ossicles. C)cochlea.
D)auditory nerve.
Q2) Receptors that are stimulated by changes in chemical concentrations are called thermoreceptors.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A curvature defect of the lens or cornea in which some parts of an image are in focus on the retina and other parts are blurred and vision is distorted is called A)presbyopiA.
B)astigmatism. C)hyperopia.
D)myopia.
Q4) Impulses from the spiral organ travel on the vestibulocochlear nerve. A)True
B)False
Q5) Receptors stimulated by changes in temperature are called ____________ .
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 14
Chapter 13: Endocrine System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
102 Verified Questions
102 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/64424
Sample Questions
Q1) All hormones are
A)steroids.
B)proteins.
C)inorganic compounds.
D)organic compounds.
Q2) The hormone that stimulates calcium deposition into bone is A)calcitonin.
B)parathyroid hormone.
C)thyroxine.
D)insulin.
Q3) Steroid hormones diffuse through cell membranes,then bind with receptors,whereas nonsteroid hormones bind receptors on the target cell membrane.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A nonsteroid hormone acts on a target cell by
A)causing synthesis of a second messenger.
B)stimulating cell division.
C)promoting phagocytosis.
D)directly causing protein synthesis.
Q5) _______ secretions affect the cell that secretes them.
Page 15
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 14: Blood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
82 Verified Questions
82 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/64423
Sample Questions
Q1) Platelets are best described as
A)giant,multinucleated cells.
B)immature leukocytes.
C)cytoplasmic fragments of cells.
D)lymphoid cells.
Q2) Plasma electrolytes include
A)bicarbonate,magnesium,chloride,and potassium ions.
B)monocytes,basophils,and eosinophils.
C)fibrinogen,globulins,and albumin.
D)urea and uric aciD.
Q3) Which of the following is not required for the formation of a blood clot?
A)Calcium
B)Fibrinogen
C)Vitamin K
D)Albumin
Q4) Which two mature blood cell types descend from myeloblasts?
A)T cells and B cells
B)Erythrocytes and platelets.
C)Neutrophils and basophils.
D)Monocytes and lymphocytes.
Page 16
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 15: Cardiovascular System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
89 Verified Questions
89 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/64422
Sample Questions
Q1) The coronary sinus drains blood from the wall of the heart into the left atrium.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following is due to an aging cardiovascular system?
A)The tunica interna thickens.
B)The direction of blood flow in some capillaries reverses.
C)Arteries become less rigid.
D)Veins lose collagen.
Q3) In the arterial disease atherosclerosis
A)plaque accumulates on the interior walls of arteries.
B)blood flow through affected arteries slows.
C)risk of a thrombus or embolus forming increases.
D)all of the above may happen.
Q4) Central venous pressure is the pressure in the inferior vena cava at the central point of the abdomen.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The aorta is the largest artery in the pulmonary circuit.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 17
Chapter 16: Lymphatic System and Immunity
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
95 Verified Questions
95 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/64421
Sample Questions
Q1) Lymphatic capillaries are thin-walled,closed-ended tubes. A)True B)False
Q2) Disease-causing agents are called A)bugs. B)germs.
C)pathogens. D)antibodies.
Q3) The foreign,or "non-self" substances that trigger immune responses are called ______.
Q4) Cells in a lymph node that engulf and destroy damaged cells,foreign substances,and cellular debris are A)macrophages. B)lymphocytes.
C)mast cells. D)cytokines.
Q5) Disease-causing agents such as viruses and bacteria are called ______.
Q6) A substance that can stimulate a primary immune response but is unable to produce the symptoms of a disease is a(n)______.
Q7) Lymph is ______ ______ that has entered a lymphatic capillary.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 18
Chapter 17: Digestive System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
97 Verified Questions
97 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/64420
Sample Questions
Q1) Chisel-shaped teeth are _______.
Q2) Pancreatic digestive secretions are regulated by A)bile salts.
B)cholesterol.
C)cholecystokinin.
D)the amount of food eaten.
Q3) Feces are about ____ percent water.
A)25
B)33
C)50
D)75
Q4) Acute pancreatitis is often caused by the conversion of A)trypsin to trypsinogen.
B)trypsinogen to trypsin.
C)pepsin to pepsinogen.
D)pepsinogen to pepsin.
Q5) Lymph transports fat molecules with longer chains of carbon atoms away from the intestine.
A)True
B)False
Page 19
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 18: Nutrition and Metabolism
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
101 Verified Questions
101 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/64419
Sample Questions
Q1) The B vitamins are water insoluble.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Vitamins directly provide energy.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Cyanocobalamin is found exclusively in plants.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following is a monounsaturated fat?
A)Olive oil
B)Butter
C)Palm oil
D)Coconut oil
Q5) Which trace element and function is correctly matched?
A)Iron-part of hemoglobin molecule
B)Iodine-constituent of several enzymes involved in digestion
C)Zinc-needed in blood clotting process
D)Manganese-essential component for synthesis of thyroid hormones
Q6) Proteins are digested into ____ _____.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 20
Chapter 19: Respiratory System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
100 Verified Questions
100 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/64418
Sample Questions
Q1) The inflation reflex is activated when stretch receptors are stimulated during inspiration.
A)True
B)False
Q2) During an asthma attack,the patient usually finds it most difficult to A)exhale.
B)inhale.
C)contract the respiratory muscles.
D)expand the lungs.
Q3) The ventral part of the medulla oblongata near the origin of the vagus nerve has A)baroreceptors
B)mechanoreceptors
C)central chemoreceptors
D)peripheral chemoreceptors
Q4) The walls of the alveoli are composed of A)ciliated columnar epithelium.
B)simple squamous epithelium.
C)stratified squamous epithelium.
D)areolar connective tissue.
Q5) A voluntary increase in the rate and depth of breathing is called ______.
Page 21
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 20: Urinary System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
98 Verified Questions
98 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/64417
Sample Questions
Q1) The triangular area on the internal floor of the urinary bladder is the _____ ____.
Q2) A renal clearance test determines the rate at which the kidneys can A)excrete water.
B)reabsorb ions.
C)remove a particular substance from the blood.
D)add a substance to the blooD.
Q3) A product of the metabolism of certain nucleic acid bases is A)uric acid.
B)urea.
C)ammonia.
D)water.
Q4) If a ureter is obstructed,a _____ reflex reduces urine production in the kidney on the affected side.
Q5) An increase in glomerular osmotic pressure ________ the rate of glomerular filtration.
A)increases
B)decreases
C)does not change
D)has a variable effect on
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 22
Chapter 21: Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
75 Verified Questions
75 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/64416
Sample Questions
Q1) People who are at high risk for heatstroke include
A)people prone to fevers and infants.
B)people who have mice for pets.
C)mountain climbers and elderly marathoners.
D)athletes who exercise in high heat,soldiers in the desert.
Q2) The concentration of calcium ions in extracellular fluid is regulated primarily by a hormone secreted by the _____ glands.
Q3) Hyperkalemia can be caused by
A)renal disease,which reduces potassium excretion.
B)drugs that promote renal conservation of potassium.
C)insufficient secretion of aldosterone.
D)all of the above.
Q4) Which of the following body compartments is correctly matched with its location in the body?
A)intracellular-all fluids outside cells
B)extracellular-fluid in tissue spaces,blood vessels,and lymphatic vessels
C)extracellular-fluid in cells
D)transcellular-between the lipid layers of cell membranes
Q5) Arterial blood with a pH below 7.35 produces _____________.
Q6) Carbon dioxide reacts with water to form _____ _____.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 23
Chapter 22: Reproductive Systems
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
84 Verified Questions
84 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/64415
Sample Questions
Q1) The interstitial cells of the testes produce
A)seminal fluid.
B)spermatogenic cells.
C)sperm cells.
D)androgens.
Q2) A woman going through menopause may take ______ to minimize the symptoms.
A)gonadotropin releasing hormone
B)hormone replacement therapy
C)follicle stimulating hormone
D)progesterone releasing hormone
Q3) Semen
A)consists of sperm and secretions.
B)is alkaline.
C)includes prostaglandins and nutrients.
D)is all of the above.
Q4) The structures of the female reproductive system that surround the openings to the urethra and vagina comprise the mons pubis.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 24
Chapter 23: Pregnancy, Growth, and Development
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
90 Verified Questions
90 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/64414
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a function of hCG?
A)It breaks down the corpus luteum.
B)It helps protect the blastocyst against being rejected.
C)It prevents the developing placenta from secreting hormones.
D)It stimulates the release of enzymes that enable the blastocyst to implant into the endometrium.
Q2) The adolescent period begins at the end of the first year and completes at puberty.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Factors that can cause congenital malformations by affecting an embryo during its periods of rapid growth and development are called teratogens.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Centenarians are
A)people who live past 90.
B)people in the military.
C)people who live past 100 years.
D)people who die just before their 100<sup>th</sup> birthdays.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
25
Chapter 24: Genetics and Genomics
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
88 Verified Questions
88 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/64413
Sample Questions
Q1) An individual who is homozygous dominant for a trait can be symbolized A)AA.
B)Aa.
C)aa.
D)none of the above.
Q2) Gender determination for males reflects expression of A)the SRY gene but not the Wnt4 gene.
B)the Wnt4 gene but not the SRY gene.
C)both the SRY and Wnt4 genes.
D)the entire Y chromosome.
Q3) An allele that masks the effect of another is A)homozygous.
B)heterozygous.
C)recessive.
D)dominant.
Q4) Which of the following chromosomal abnormalities most severely affect a fetus?
A)XXX
B)Monosomy for a large autosome
C)Trisomy 21
D)XXY
Page 26
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.