Anatomy and Histology Test Bank
Course Introduction
Anatomy and Histology is a foundational course that explores the structure and organization of the human body at both the macroscopic and microscopic levels. The course examines major organ systems, their spatial relationships, and physiological roles, while histology investigates tissues at the cellular level to reveal the underlying details crucial to understanding organ function. Emphasis is placed on the correlation between anatomical structures and their histological features, providing essential knowledge for further studies in medical and health-related fields. Laboratory sessions and practical exercises reinforce theoretical concepts through hands-on examination of specimens and microscopic slides.
Recommended Textbook
Histology and Cell Biology An Introduction to Pathology 3rd Edition by Abraham L Kierszenbaum
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23 Chapters
246 Verified Questions
246 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1028 Page 2
Chapter 1: Epithelium
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18 Verified Questions
18 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20394
Sample Questions
Q1) The type of epithelium found lining small capillaries where it modulates diffusion is
A) Simple columnar
B) Simple cuboidal
C) Simple squamous
D) Stratified cuboidal
E) Stratified squamous
Answer: C
Q2) The surface of the ovaries contains which type of epithelium
A) Pseudostratified columnar
B) Simple columnar
C) Simple cuboidal
D) Simple squamous
E) Stratified squamous
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Epithelial Glands
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6 Verified Questions
6 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20395
Sample Questions
Q1) Which organelle is responsible for degrading proteins?
A) Golgi apparatus
B) Lysosome
C) Mitochondrion
D) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
E) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following is the site of steroid hormone synthesis?
A) Golgi apparatus
B) Mitochondria
C) Ribosomes
D) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
E) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: E
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Chapter 3: Cell Signaling
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6 Verified Questions
6 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20396
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following functions by diffusing across the cell membrane to bind to intracellular protein receptors, resulting in gene activation or repression?
A) Acetylcholine
B) Insulin
C) Nitric oxide
D) Prostaglandin
E) Testosterone
Answer: E
Q2) Which of the following is most likely to initiate apoptosis?
A) Apaf-1
B) Bcl-2
C) Caspase 3
D) Caspase 9
E) DNA protein kinase
Answer: D
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Connective Tissue
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23 Verified Questions
23 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20397
Sample Questions
Q1) In mature bone, the cell processes of adjacent osteocytes are connected by gap junctions within the _____.
A) Canaliculi
B) Haversian canals
C) Lacunae
D) Lamellae
E) Volkmann's canals
Q2) The type of fiber that forms a sort of supportive "web" for cells is
A) Elastic
B) Reticular
C) Type I collagen
D) Type II collagen
E) Type IV collagen
Q3) The type of cartilage found in the external ear is
A) Aurocartilage
B) Elastic cartilage
C) Fibrocartilage
D) Hyaline cartilage
E) Otocartilage
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Osteogenesis
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10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20398
Sample Questions
Q1) Each of the following statements about epiphyseal plates is correct EXCEPT
A) Appositional growth occurs on the epiphyseal side
B) Bone replaces cartilage on the diaphyseal side
C) Mitotically active chondrocytes are distributed throughout the zone of reserve cartilage
D) Epiphyseal plates are required for lengthening of long bones
E) Epiphyseal plates contain a portion of healthy hyaline cartilage
Q2) When the epiphyseal plate is replaced by bone
A) Appositional bone growth begins
B) Interstitial bone growth begins
C) Long bones have reached their adult length
D) Puberty begins
E) The bone becomes more brittle
Q3) Secondary ossification centers are found
A) At the outer surface of the diaphysis
B) At the surface of the epiphyses
C) In the center of the epiphyses
D) In the dermis of the skin
E) In the medullary cavity of the diaphysis
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Blood and Hematopoiesis
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14 Verified Questions
14 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20399
Sample Questions
Q1) Which cell type differentiates into macrophages?
A) Basophil
B) Eosinophil
C) Lymphocyte
D) Monocyte
E) Neutrophil
Q2) What is the primary function of red blood cells?
A) Clotting
B) Hemopoiesis
C) Inflammatory response
D) Oxygen and carbon dioxide transport
E) Phagocytosis
Q3) During homing and inflammation, _____ occurs following rolling and attachment
A) Adhesion
B) Macrophage activation
C) Migration of T-cells
D) Selectin expression
E) Tumor necrosis factor - secretion
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8
Chapter 7: Muscle Tissue
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9 Verified Questions
9 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20400
Sample Questions
Q1) The H-zone of a sarcomere contains which of the following proteins?
A) Myosin only
B) Actin only
C) Troponin and tropomyosin
D) B and C only
E) All of the above
Q2) Connective tissue that surrounds individual muscle cells is called the _____.
A) Endomysium
B) Epimysium
C) Perimysium
D) Sarcolemma
E) Sarcoplasmic reticulum
Q3) Following the release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction, an action potential travels along the _____ to the interior of the muscle cell.
A) Sarcomere
B) Sarcoplasmic reticulum
C) Thick filament
D) Thin filament
E) Transverse tubule
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Page 9
Chapter 8: Nervous Tissue
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9 Verified Questions
9 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20401
Sample Questions
Q1) Cell bodies of which of the following type of neuron are found in dorsal root ganglia?
A) Central nervous system
B) Parasympathetic nervous system
C) Sensory
D) Somatic motor
E) Sympathetic
Q2) Which of the following neuroglial cells is phagocytic?
A) Astrocytes
B) Ependymal cells
C) Oligodendrocytes
D) Microglial cells
E) Satellite cells
Q3) The _____ receives external signals and transmits the information to the neuronal cell body.
A) Axon
B) Dendrite
C) Soma
D) Synaptic terminal
E) Telodendron
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Sensory Organs: Vision and Hearing
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10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20402
Sample Questions
Q1) When auditory vibrations enter the cochlear duct, the _____ membrane remains stationary, resulting in a shearing action of the vibrating hair cells, leading to the stimulation of the cochlear nerve
A) Basilar
B) Reissner's
C) Sacular
D) Tectorial
E) Tympanic
Q2) The muscle responsible for accommodation is found in the
A) Cornea
B) Inner tunica
C) Retina
D) Sclera
E) Uvea
Q3) The photoreceptor neurons of the retina synapse on ____
A) Amacrine cells
B) Bipolar cells
C) Ganglion cells
D) Horizontal cells
E) Müller cells
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Chapter 10: Immune Lymphatic System
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8 Verified Questions
8 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20403
Sample Questions
Q1) Activated B cells proliferate in the _____ of a lymph node.
A) Capsule
B) Germinal center
C) Mantle zone
D) Subcapsular sinus
E) Trabeculae
Q2) When a child develops measles and acquires immunity to a subsequent infection, this type of immunity is called
A) Adaptive immunity
B) Artificial immunity
C) Inherited immunity
D) Natural immunity
E) Passive immunity
Q3) Helper T cells
A) Activate B cells to produce specific antibodies
B) Differentiate into cytotoxic T cells upon re-exposure to a known pathogen
C) Help T cells recognize antigens as nonself
D) Recognize and kill viral cells by secreting perforin
E) Secrete interferon upon contact with a virus
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Integumentary System
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11 Verified Questions
11 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20404
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT true of the stratum spinosum?
A) It contains immunity-conferring cells called Langerhans cells
B) It is also called the "spiny" layer
C) It is comprised mostly of keratinocytes
D) It is superficial to the stratum granulosum and the stratum germinativum
E) Keratins 5 and 14 are replaced by keratins 1 and 10 following basal keratinocyte migration
Q2) The _____ is a vascularized, innervated structure where new hair growth occurs
A) Arrector pili
B) Dermal papilla
C) Hair follicle
D) Hair root plexus
E) Hair shaft
Q3) These merocrine simple coiled tubular glands are found all over the body
A) Apocrine sweat glands
B) Ceruminous glands
C) Eccrine sweat glands
D) Sebaceous follicles
E) Sebaceous glands
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Cardiovascular System
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12 Verified Questions
12 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20405
Sample Questions
Q1) Pericytes are found in association with A) Arterioles
B) Capillaries
C) Elastic arteries
D) Muscular arteries
E) Veins
Q2) Which of the following is true of angiogenesis rather than vasculogenesis?
A) Capillary sprout is formed following basal laminal degradation of the parent vessel
B) Endothelial capillary tubes are formed following angioblast proliferation
C) Angiogenesis is dependent upon vascular endothelial growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2
D) Angiogenesis occurs solely in the embryo
E) Angiogenesis produces new vessels from scratch rather than forming new vessels from pre-existing ones
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14
Chapter 13: Respiratory System
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11 Verified Questions
11 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20406
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following cells in the olfactory epithelium are structurally bipolar neurons?
A) Basal cells
B) Bowman's cells
C) Columnar cells
D) Olfactory cells
E) Sustentacular cells
Q2) Which respiratory structure constitutes the last part of the conducting zone?
A) Alveolar ducts
B) Primary bronchi
C) Respiratory bronchioles
D) Secondary bronchi
E) Terminal bronchioles
Q3) Keratinized epithelium becomes nonkeratinized at which of the following structures?
A) Nasal vestibule
B) Nasopharynx
C) Olfactory region of nasal cavity
D) Oropharynx
E) Posterior nasal cavity
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Chapter 14: Urinary System
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14 Verified Questions
14 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20407
Sample Questions
Q1) Following filtration, most water and solutes are reabsorbed in the
A) Bowman's capsule
B) Distal convoluted tubule
C) Glomerulus
D) Loop of Henle
E) Proximal convoluted tubule
Q2) Decreased salt concentration results in all of the following EXCEPT
A) Aldosterone secretion
B) Paracrine secretion from macula densa cells
C) Renin secretion from juxtaglomerular cells
D) Vasodilation
E) Water reabsorption in the distal tubule
Q3) The loop of Henle
A) Comprises the macula densa
B) Descends into the renal medulla
C) Is lined by cuboidal or columnar epithelium
D) Is the longest section of the renal tubule
E) Is where glomerular filtrate is produced
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16
Chapter 15: Upper Digestive Segment
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20408
Sample Questions
Q1) Meissner's plexus is located in which layer of the alimentary canal?
A) Epithelium
B) Lamina propria
C) Muscularis externa
D) Muscularis mucosa
E) Submucosa
Q2) Which of the following is true of the fungiform lingual papillae?
A) There are 8 to12 of them along the sulcus terminalis
B) They are single, evenly spaced, and are located on the tongue's margin
C) They are the largest lingual papillae and contain the most taste buds
D) They are the smallest and most numerous papillae and give the tongue its characteristic rough appearance
E) They help to clean oral surfaces as well as manipulate and process food
Q3) Which of the following are simple coiled tubular glands lined almost entirely with mucus-secreting cells?
A) Cardiac glands
B) Esophageal glands
C) Fundic glands
D) Gastric glands
E) Pyloric glands
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Chapter 16: Lower Digestive Segment
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9 Verified Questions
9 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20409
Sample Questions
Q1) Where are electrolytes actively absorbed, and where is water passively absorbed?
A) Duodenum
B) Ileum
C) Jejunum
D) Large intestine
E) Stomach
Q2) Which of the following is not true of the crypts of Lieberkühn?
A) Their bases may contain Paneth cells
B) They are found between the intestinal villi
C) They are intestinal glands
D) They are simple tubular glands
E) They are unique to the small intestine
Q3) Which of the following cell types is not found in the small intestine epithelium?
A) Enterocytes
B) Microfold cells
C) Paneth cells
D) Parietal cells
E) None of the above (all of the above cells are found in the small intestine epithelium)
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18
Chapter 17: Digestive Glands
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13 Verified Questions
13 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20410
Sample Questions
Q1) Digestive enzymes such as trypsin and cholesterol esterase are secreted by the A) Cardiac glands
B) Islets of Langerhans
C) Liver
D) Pancreatic secretory acini
E) Principal ("true") gastric glands
Q2) All of the following are found in the islets of Langerhans EXCEPT
A) Cells that secrete a bicarbonate-rich alkaline fluid
B) Cells that secrete a hormone responsible for lowering blood glucose levels
C) Cells that secrete a hormone that results in the liver's breaking down glycogen
D) Cells that stimulate glycogen synthesis
E) Insulin-secreting cells
Q3) Which of the following is not true of pancreatic intercalated ducts?
A) The secretory acini empty their secretions into them
B) Their initial segments are formed by centroacinar cells
C) They are lined by low columnar or cuboidal epithelium
D) They empty into interlobular ducts
E) They receive secretions from the duct of Wirsung
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Page 19
Chapter 18: Neuroendocrine System
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7 Verified Questions
7 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20411
Sample Questions
Q1) Melatonin
A) Is secreted by the neurohypophysis
B) Is secreted immediately following synthesis by acidophils
C) Is transported along pinealocyte axons
D) Production is stimulated by sunlight
E) Stimulates growth hormone secretion
Q2) Which endocrine structure is composed of several cell types, including chromophobe cells, acidophils, and basophils?
A) Adrenal gland
B) Anterior pituitary
C) Parathyroid gland
D) Pineal gland
E) Posterior pituitary
Q3) Prolactin secretion is _____ by _____.
A) Inhibited dopamine
B) Inhibited somatostatin
C) Stimulated dopamine
D) Stimulated growth hormone-releasing hormone
E) Stimulated nerve impulse from the hypothalamus
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Page 20
Chapter 19: Endocrine System
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9 Verified Questions
9 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Parafollicular cells
A) Are found in the parathyroid glands
B) Are found in the zona glomerulosa
C) Constitute the pars tuberalis
D) Secrete a hormone that lowers blood calcium levels
E) Secrete hormones responsible for establishing the basal metabolic rate
Q2) Adequate iodide levels are required for the synthesis of
A) Aldosterone
B) Cortisol
C) Thyroid-stimulating hormone
D) Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
E) Thyroxine
Q3) Which endocrine structure secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine?
A) Adenohypophysis
B) Adrenal cortex
C) Adrenal medulla
D) Neurohypophysis
E) Thyroid gland
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21
Chapter 20: Spermatogenesis
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8 Verified Questions
8 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20413
Sample Questions
Q1) Meiosis II occurs in the
A) Primary spermatocyte
B) Secondary spermatocyte
C) Spermatid
D) Spermatogonia
E) Spermatozoa
Q2) Spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells are found in the
A) Epididymides
B) Prostate
C) Rete testes
D) Seminiferous tubules
E) Vas deferens
Q3) Testosterone is secreted by
A) Leydig cells
B) Principal cells
C) Sertoli cells
D) Spermatogenic cells
E) Spermatogonia
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Chapter 21: Sperm Transport and Maturation
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6 Verified Questions
6 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20414
Sample Questions
Q1) What structure contributes a lubricating mucus substance to semen?
A) Bulbourethral gland
B) Epididymidis
C) Prostate
D) Seminal vesicle
E) Testis
Q2) Which duct has a characteristic wavy lumen as a result of different epithelial cell heights?
A) Ductuli efferentes
B) Ductus epididymidis
C) Rete testis
D) Seminiferous tubules
E) Tubuli recti
Q3) Numerous tubuloalveolar glands that secrete a motility-enhancing substance constitute the
A) Bulbourethral gland
B) Ductus epididymidis
C) Prostate gland
D) Seminal vesicle
E) Testis
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Chapter 22: Follicle Development and the Menstrual Cycle
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10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20415
Sample Questions
Q1) The thick fibromuscular layer of the uterus is the
A) Cervix
B) Cortex
C) Endometrium
D) Myometrium
E) Tunica albuginea
Q2) Developing follicles are found in the
A) Ovarian cortex
B) Ovarian medulla
C) Oviduct
D) Tunica albuginea
E) Uterus
Q3) Which of the following does not occur as a result of the luteinizing hormone surge?
A) Formation of the corpus luteum
B) Increased estrogen secretion
C) Ovulation
D) Secondary oocyte completes meiosis I
E) Secretion of proteolytic enzymes from the mature follicle
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24
Chapter 23: Fertilization, Placentation, and Lactation
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8 Verified Questions
8 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20416
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements about the trophoblast is false?
A) It develops into the embryo proper
B) It helps form the placenta
C) It invades the endometrium during implantation
D) It is the outer layer of cells around the blastula
E) It secretes human chorionic gonadotropiin
Q2) What cells are found between the basement membrane and the epithelium of the lactiferous ducts?
A) Columnar cells
B) Cuboidal cells
C) Fat cells
D) Myoepithelial cells
E) Secretory cells
Q3) Where does fertilization usually occur?
A) Cervix
B) Ovary
C) Oviduct
D) Uterus
E) Vagina
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Page 25