American Studies I Mock Exam
Course Introduction
American Studies I offers an interdisciplinary introduction to the history, culture, literature, and social dynamics of the United States from colonial times through the Civil War. The course examines foundational themes in American identity, including race, ethnicity, gender, politics, and religion, and considers how these themes have shaped national narratives. Students will analyze primary and secondary sources, exploring the diverse experiences and perspectives that have contributed to the development of American society up to the mid-19th century.
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American Pageant Volume 1 16th Edition by David M. Kennedy
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Chapter
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Q1) All of the following set into motion the chain of events that led to a drive of Europeans toward Asia, the penetration of Africa, and the discovery of the New World except
A) economic hardships and overpopulation at home.
B) growing power of ambitious governments behind them.
C) they sought contact with a wider world.
D) they sought territories to conqueror.
E) they sought new places to trade with.
Answer: A
Q2) By the 1770s, which of the following issues helped bring about a crisis of imperial authority?
A) Taxation, self-rule, and trade restrictions
B) Slavery
C) Few colonists clung to any hope of accommodation with Great Britain
D) The coronation of a new king
E) The rise to power of radical patriots in the American colonies
Answer: A
Q3) ____ India
Answer: 8
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Chapter 2: The Planting of English America, 1500-1733
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Q1) The busiest seaport in the southern colonies was
A) St. Augustine.
B) Jamestown.
C) Savannah.
D) Baltimore.
E) Charleston.
Answer: E
Q2) The summoning of Virginia's House of Burgesses marked an important precedent because it
A) failed.
B) was abolished by King James I.
C) was the first of many miniature parliaments to flourish in America.
D) forced King James I to revoke the colony's royal charter and grant it self-government.
E) allowed the seating of nonvoting Native Americans.
Answer: C
Q3) In many ways, North Carolina was the least typical of the five plantation colonies.Describe the unique features of colonial North Carolina, and explain why this colony was so unlike its southern neighbors.
Answer: Student answers will vary.
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Chapter 3: Settling the Northern Colonies, 1619-1700
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Q1) ____ Albany
Answer: 2
Q2) Separatists
A) were radical Puritans.
B) were also known as Pilgrims.
C) authored the Mayflower Compact.
D) sought to reform the Church of England from within.
E) were led by John Winthrop.
Answer: A, B, C
Q3) Colonists in both the North and the South established differences in all of the following areas except
A) patterns of settlement.
B) economies.
C) political systems.
D) values.
E) allegiance to England.
Answer: E
Q4) ____ Plymouth
Answer: 6
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Chapter 4: American Life in the Seventeenth Century,
1607-1692
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Q1) Bacon's Rebellion was supported mainly by
A) young men frustrated by their inability to acquire land and find women to marry.
B) the planter class of Virginia.
C) those protesting the increased importation of African slaves.
D) people from Jamestown only.
E) the local Indians.
Q2) When new towns were established in New England, all of the following were true except
A) a land grant was given by the legislature.
B) a meeting house was built.
C) a village green was laid out.
D) schools were required in towns of more than fifty families.
E) families did not automatically receive land.
Q3) Assess the extent to which distinctions of wealth and status were widening or narrowing as the seventeenth century drew to a close? Why?
Q4) Yankee ingenuity
Q5) Nathaniel Bacon
Q6) "witch hunting"
Q7) William Berkeley
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Q1) One feature of the American economy that strained the relationship between the colonies and Britain was the
A) British demand to halt the importation of slaves.
B) growing desire of Americans to trade with other nations in addition to Britain.
C) lack of any British regulations regarding trade with foreign nations.
D) British rejection of the Molasses Act.
E) the Americans' unwillingness to trade with the French West Indies.
Q2) George Whitefield
Q3) The Great Awakening
Q4) The person most often called the "first civilized American" was
A) Thomas Jefferson.
B) John Trumbull.
C) John Winthrop.
D) Phillis Wheatley.
E) Benjamin Franklin.
Q5) new lights
Q6) Regulator movement
Q7) Great Awakening
Q8) Andrew Hamilton
Page 7
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Chapter 6: The Duel for North America, 1608-1763
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Q1) voyageurs
Q2) France had to give up its vision of a North American New France when
A) its fishing industry faltered.
B) farming proved to be unprofitable.
C) King Louis XIV died.
D) it was defeated by the British in 1713 and 1763.
E) it could not entice enough settlers to America.
Q3) From 1688 to 1763, America
A) stayed out of European wars if possible.
B) relied totally on the British for defense.
C) started wars in Europe.
D) was involved in every world war that convulsed Europe during this period.
E) fought wars on both land and sea.
Q4) Write your definition of nationalism.Then use this definition to argue whether the French and Indian War and the Seven Years' War were pivotal nationalizing experiences for colonial Americans.
Q5) Samuel de Champlain
Q6) War of Jenkins's Ear
Q7) ____ Louisiana
Q8) Proclamation of 1763
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Chapter 7: The Road to Revolution, 1763-1775
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Q1) The First Continental Congress was called in order to
A) consider ways of redressing colonial grievances against Britain.
B) become a legislative body.
C) write the Declaration of Independence.
D) decide which of Parliament's taxes the colonies would and would not pay.
E) help implement provisions of the Quebec Act.
Q2) List the following in order of their importance to colonial protest: pamphlets, boycotts, mob action, and committees of correspondence.Justify your ranking.
Q3) Unlike the ____ Act, the ____ Act and the ____ Act were both indirect taxes on trade goods arriving in American ports.
A) Townshend, Stamp, Sugar
B) Stamp, Sugar, Townshend
C) Stamp, Quartering, Townshend
D) Declaratory, Stamp, Sugar
E) Quartering, Stamp, Sugar
Q4) Explain the relationship between mercantilism, the Navigation Laws, and British efforts to create an administrative structure for their empire after 1696.
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Chapter 8: America Secedes from the Empire, 1775-1783
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Q1) The colonial army eventually lost the Battle of Bunker Hill because its troops were
A) outnumbered.
B) short of gunpowder.
C) poorly organized.
D) poor shots.
E) lacking in courage.
Q2) French aid to the colonies did all of the following except
A) greatly aided America's struggle for independence.
B) was motivated by what the French considered to be their own national interests.
C) forced the British to change their military strategy in America.
D) helped them protect their own West Indies islands.
E) allowed American forces to focus only on the southern theater.
Q3) Who was the American diplomat that negotiated the Model Treaty with France?
A) John Adams
B) Thomas Jefferson
C) Thomas Paine
D) Benjamin Franklin
E) Patrick Henry
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Chapter 9: The Confederation and the Constitution, 1776-1790
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Q1) As written documents, the state constitutions functioned in all of the following ways except
A) to represent a fundamental law superior to ordinary legislation.
B) as contracts that defined the powers of government.
C) as an accumulation of laws, customs and precedents.
D) to guarantee individual liberties, sometimes through a bill of rights.
E) to transform the colonies into becoming new states.
Q2) Adopted almost a decade before the federal constitution, the ____ constitution remains the longest-lived in the world.
A) Massachusetts
B) Virginia
C) Maryland
D) Rhode Island
E) Connecticut
Q3) The Revolutionary War and political independence for the United States
A) stimulated American manufacturing.
B) encouraged a more widespread respect for private property.
C) produced runaway inflation in many states.
D) stimulated a wave of speculation and profiteering in the nation.
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E) saw America remain mostly a nation of farmers.
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Q1) Which of the following elements represent Democratic-Republican (Jeffersonian)political features?
A) Apro-British foreign policy
B) A preference for promoting agricultural interests over manufacturers
C) Viewing the national debt as major problem that should be reduced
D) Favoring a powerful central bank
E) A protective tariff
Q2) Hamilton's position on the war between Britain and France in 1793 was primarily influenced by
A) his commitment to the Franco-American alliance of 1778.
B) the threat of British naval action against the American coast.
C) the national government's dependence on customs collections for revenue and the promotion of international trade with favored partners.
D) his personal commitment to democratic government as a world ideal.
E) his connection to the French foreign minister Citizen Edmond Genêt.
Q3) Very early in its national history, the United States established a tradition of isolationism in its foreign policy.How did the Neutrality Proclamation and Washington's Farewell Address contribute to this tradition?
Q4) ____ Old Northwest
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Chapter 11: The Triumphs and Travails of the Jeffersonian Republic,
1800-1812
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Q1) As president, President Jefferson showed unexpected moderation and a conciliatory attitude toward his Federalist political opponent by
A) dismissing very few public servants for political reasons.
B) refusing to repeal the federal excise tax enacted by the Federalists.
C) renewing the Sedition Act for another ten years.
D) pursuing a pro-British and anti-French foreign policy.
E) rejecting the expansion of slavery anywhere in the Louisiana Territory.
Q2) The British impressed American sailors into the British navy because
A) the Americans took the Chesapeake.
B) they needed more military conscripts for their imperial military engagements around the world.
C) Parliament passed a law.
D) of the XYZ affair.
E) they wanted to punish the United States.
Q3) What basis did Thomas Jefferson have for believing that American trade could be used as a diplomatic tool? Would you judge his economic coercion policy a failure or a success? Why or why not?
Q4) ____ Oregon Country
Q5) ____ Louisiana Purchase of 1803
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Chapter 12: The Second War for Independence and the Upsurge
of Nationalism, 1812-1824
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Q1) The Rush-Bagot agreement
A) required the Indians to relinquish vast areas of tribal lands north of the Ohio River.
B) ended the traditional mutual suspicion and hatred between the United States and Great Britain.
C) severely limited British and American naval armaments on the Great Lakes.
D) provided for Canadian independence from Great Britain.
E) gave Florida to the United States.
Q2) Democratic-Republicans opposed Senator Henry Clay's American System because
A) it favored only the South.
B) it would provide stiff competition to the Erie Canal.
C) they believed that it was unconstitutional.
D) they thought it would center more control in Washington.
E) they believed in high tariffs and high taxes.
Q3) What might the president and Congress have done in 1812 to avoid war with Britain and still maintain the nation's honor?
Q4) ____ forty-ninth parallel
Q5) ____ Pensacola
Q6) ____ St.Marks
Q7) ____ Thames River
Page 15
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Chapter 13: The Rise of a Mass Democracy, 1824-1840
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Q1) Andrew Jackson's administration supported the removal of Native Americans from the eastern states because
A) the Indians assimilated too easily into white society.
B) the Supreme Court ruled in favor of this policy.
C) whites wanted the Indians' lands.
D) Georgia and Florida tried to protect the Indians and their lands.
E) they continued their attacks on white settlements.
Q2) Despite his suspicions of the federal government, Andrew Jackson's Democratic political party
A) offered support of a strong central government directing economic affairs.
B) advocated strongly for the enactment of Henry Clay's "American System."
C) favored using the U.S. Army to restrict westward and southern American settlement into Indian areas.
D) created the spoils system in the federal government.
E) asserted conviction of the need for "the best and the brightest" in government.
Q3) Set the historical context of the following statement and state to what extent you agree or disagree with it, "We are not a nation, but a union, a confederacy of equal and sovereign states."
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Chapter 14: Forging the National Economy, 1790-1860
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Q1) The early factory system distributed its economic benefits
A) mostly to the owners.
B) evenly among factory owners, factory managers, and factory workers.
C) primarily in the South and West.
D) to workers represented by unions.
E) to overseas investors.
Q2) All of the following are true statements about German immigrants except
A) they typically settled in Northeast coastal cities.
B) they tended to be better educated than mainstream Americans.
C) they supported public schools, the arts, and music.
D) they championed freedom and fought to end slavery.
E) they settled in compact colonies to preserve their language and culture.
Q3) Compare and contrast the economic development of the Northeast with that of the South.What were some of the reasons that caused those differences in development?
Q4) Compare and contrast the social and economic development of the Northeast with that of the West.What were some of the reasons that caused those differences in development?
Q5) If America is indeed a "nation of immigrants," why does it have a history of native prejudice toward new immigrant groups?
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Chapter 15: The Ferment of Reform and Culture, 1790-1860
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Q1) In early-nineteenth-century America, men usually regarded women as
A) social and political equals.
B) having a sharply distinct economic role in society.
C) physically and emotionally weak but morally superior to men.
D) having their proper place in the home.
E) sexually lustful and dangerous.
Q2) The most noteworthy southern novelist before the Civil War who wrote works such as The Yemasee and The Cassique of Kiawah was
A) William Gilmore Simms.
B) John C. Calhoun.
C) James Russell Lowell.
D) Dr Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr.
E) William Faulkner.
Q3) The Knickerbocker group of American writers included
A) Henry David Thoreau.
B) Louisa May Alcott.
C) Washington Irving.
D) Ralph Waldo Emerson.
E) William Cullen Bryant.
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Q1) All the following were true of the American economy under Cotton Kingdom except
A) cotton accounted for half the value of all American exports after 1840.
B) the South produced more than half the entire world's supply of cotton.
C) 75 percent of the British supply of cotton came from the South.
D) quick profits from cotton drew planters to its economic enterprise.
E) the South reaped all the profits from the cotton trade.
Q2) The pre-Civil War South was characterized by
A) a well-developed martial spirit.
B) the lack of free, tax-supported public education.
C) a widening gap between rich and poor.
D) a ruling planter aristocracy.
E) a growing hostility to free speech and a free press.
Q3) Describe the arguments and the ways in which the South reacted to antislavery arguments after the 1830s.
Q4) How did the strategies and tactics of some of the radical abolitionists hasten the onset of the Civil War? Defend or attack the legitimacy and wisdom of some of the strategies and tactics of the radical abolitionists.
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Chapter 17: Manifest Destiny and Its Legacy, 1841-1848
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Q1) The Spanish Franciscan missionaries treated the Indian inhabitants of California
A) according to the strict moral principles of their founder St. Francis.
B) fairly respectfully with the exception of refusing to convert them to Christianity because of their "heathen status."
C) extremely harshly, as Indian inhabitants of California were required to toil endlessly as poor farmers and herders and often came down with serious, deadly diseases.
D) much better than they treated their African slaves.
E) as cultural and intellectual equals.
Q2) In the presidential election of 1844, the Whig candidate, Henry Clay
A) opposed the annexation of Texas.
B) called for immediate annexation of Texas.
C) alienated both proponents and opponents of annexing Texas by issuing seemingly contradictory written statements about his view on annexing Texas.
D) ignored the issue of the annexation of Texas.
E) favored dividing Texas into several states.
Q3) Assess the validity of the following statement, "The Mexican War was a major cause of the American Civil War."
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Chapter 18: Renewing the Sectional Struggle, 1848-1854
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Q1) To what extent was there a reassertion of Manifest Destiny in the 1850s? What were the goals of America's foreign policy at the time? What were the diplomatic and military strategies and tactics employed by the U.S.government to achieve these foreign policy goals?
Q2) Daniel Webster's famed Seventh of March speech in 1850 resulted in
A) the celebration of Webster as an antislavery leader.
B) visibly strengthened Union sentiment and especially pleased northern banking and commercial centers.
C) condemnation by northern commercial interests.
D) a movement to draft him for the presidency.
E) None of these choices are correct.
Q3) The Young Guard, composed of certain Senators and Representatives from the North,
A) regarded preserving the Union as their top priority.
B) agreed fully with the Old Guard on the issue of slavery.
C) saw expansionism as a solution to the slavery question.
D) gave support to John C. Calhoun's plan for rescuing the Union.
E) were most interested in purging and purifying the Union than in preserving it.
Q4) ____ Nashville
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Chapter 19: Drifting Toward Disunion, 1854-1861
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Q1) Harriet Beecher Stowe was described by President Abraham Lincoln as
A) a troublemaker.
B) a radical abolitionist.
C) the woman who wrote the book that started the Civil War.
D) the force behind the Underground Railroad.
E) None of these choices are correct.
Q2) In ruling on the Dred Scott case, the United States Supreme Court
A) freed Dred Scott but upheld the Missouri Compromise.
B) denied Scott's appeal but held that slaves could not be taken into free territories.
C) essentially upheld the doctrine of popular sovereignty.
D) tried to settle the immediate issue on technical legal grounds.
E) issued a broad judicial decision ruling that Congress could not prohibit slavery in the federal territories.
Q3) What was responsible for the violence in "Bleeding Kansas"? Why might the violence be viewed as a "prelude to Civil War"?
Q4) Always in 1787, 1820, 1833, and 1850, the North and South had been able to compromise over their sectional political, economic, and social differences.Why not in 1861?
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Chapter 20: Girding for War: The North and the South,
1861-1865
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Q1) A supposed asset for the South at the beginning of the Civil War that never materialized to its real advantage was
A) effective military leadership.
B) navalintervention from Britain and France.
C) the fighting skill of Southern males.
D) its ability to fight on its own soil.
E) its belief that it was defending its way of life.
Q2) Northern soldiers eventually became known for their
A) discipline and determination.
B) cowardice in battle.
C) lack of proper training.
D) high-pitched battle yell.
E) love of military pomp and hierarchy.
Q3) States that joined the Confederacy after the firing on Fort Sumter included
A) Virginia.
B) North Carolina.
C) Missouri.
D) Tennessee.
E) Arkansas.
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Chapter
21: The Furnace of Civil War, 1861-1865
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Q1) George B.McClellan, commander of the Army of the Potomac, is best described as
A) disliked by his own men.
B) aggressive.
C) overly cautious.
D) poorly prepared for military leadership.
E) strategically inept.
Q2) Slaves hindered the Confederacy's war efforts by
A) work slowdowns and strikes that diminished productivity.
B) instilling a fear of insurrections.
C) creating the need for white men to guard slaves when they could have been on the warfront.
D) serving as spies, guides and scouts for the Union army.
E) All of these choices are correct.
Q3) The two major battles of the Civil War fought on Union soil were
A) Shiloh and Chancellorsville.
B) Bull Run and Vicksburg.
C) Gettysburg and Antietam.
D) Peninsula Campaign and Fredericksburg.
E) Mobile and Missionary Ridge.
Q4) ____ Gettysburg
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Chapter 22: The Ordeal of Reconstruction, 1865-1877
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Q1) Andrew Johnson had been put on Lincoln's ticket as vice president in his second term
A) because Lincoln's first vice president, Hannibal Hamlin, had displayed southern sympathies.
B) to appeal to War Democrats and pro-Union southerners.
C) as a safe choice in case Lincoln died in office.
D) as a poor white who balanced Lincoln's aristocratic background.
E) to appeal to Union soldiers and radical Republicans.
Q2) For Southern blacks, emancipation following the Civil War meant all of the following except
A) the ability to search for lost family.
B) the right to get married.
C) the opportunity to form their own churches.
D) the opportunity for an education.
E) maintenance in the status quo anteof the social behavior and personal relations between white Southerners and freed blacks.
Q3) Why was President Johnson impeached? Why didn't the Senate convict him of "high crimes and misdemeanors"? Would Johnson's conviction have permanently altered the balance of power between Congress and the President?
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