American Studies
Exam Answer Key
Course Introduction
American Studies is an interdisciplinary field that explores the history, culture, society, and politics of the United States from a variety of perspectives. The course examines major themes such as identity, race, gender, class, and the American experience, utilizing literature, art, music, film, and historical sources. Through critical analysis and diverse methodologies, students learn to understand the complexities of American society and its global impact, fostering an appreciation for the diversity and evolution of American life.
Recommended Textbook
The Unfinished Nation A Concise History of the American People 8th Edition by Alan Brinkley
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Chapter 1: The Collision of Cultures Key
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Q1) What European explorer gave the Pacific Ocean its name?
A) Hernando Cortés
B) Vasco de Balboa
C) Amerigo Vespucci
D) Juan Ponce de León
E) Ferdinand Magellan
Answer: E
Q2) In the late fifteenth century,the desire in Europe to look for new lands was spurred in part by
A) a desire to escape the Black Death.
B) the declining political power of many monarchs.
C) significant population growth.
D) the absence of a merchant class.
E) the expansion of feudalism.
Answer: C
Q3) The Pueblo Indians continued to practice their native religious rituals,even though many of them converted to Christianity.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 2: Transplantations and Borderlands Key
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Q1) Over time in the seventeenth century,an increasing number of New England Puritans came to view Indian society
A) as helpful neighbors and partners in commerce.
B) as worth preserving.
C) with fear and contempt.
D) with condescending admiration.
E) as part of the godly community.
Answer: C
Q2) Which of the following statements best characterizes the first years of Jamestown's existence?
A) A majority of its colonists enjoyed significant economic success.
B) The settlement was often assaulted by Spanish invaders.
C) The settlement was notable for its toleration of political freedom.
D) The settlement survived despite an enormous loss of life.
E) The settlement was notable for its peaceful relations with local Indians.
Answer: D
Q3) Philosopher John Locke helped draw up the Fundamental Constitution for Carolina.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 3: Society and Culture in Provincial America Key
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Sample Questions
Q1) Jeremiads were
A) witchcraft.
B) sermons.
C) community experiments.
D) town meetings.
E) a measurement of wealth.
Answer: B
Q2) Which statement regarding slavery in English North America in 1700 is FALSE?
A) The demand for slaves led to a steady rise in the prices paid for them.
B) Blacks outnumbered whites in some areas.
C) Blacks were heavily concentrated in a few southern colonies.
D) There were twice as many black men as black women.
E) There were about 25,000 slaves in the colonies.
Answer: A
Q3) Skin color was the only factor in determining whether a person was subject to slave codes.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: The Empire in Transition Key
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Sample Questions
Q1) When he became British prime minister,George Grenville
A) believed the colonial economies could not weather the cost of the recent war.
B) believed the American colonists had been indulged for far too long.
C) criticized William Pitt for being too harsh in dealing with the American colonies.
D) initially sought to further decentralize government authority in the American colonies.
E) began a cost-cutting effort by reducing the number of British officials in America.
Q2) The Proclamation of 1763
A) was generally effective.
B) disrupted England's western trade in the colonies.
C) encouraged settlement of the western edge of the colonies.
D) led to renewed conflict with the remaining French colonists in the West.
E) was supported by many Indian tribal groups.
Q3) The Tea Act of 1773 actually reduced the price of tea to colonial consumers.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Why did the Navigation Acts not spark colonial rebellion,as did the acts passed after 1763?
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Chapter 5: The American Revolution Key
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Q1) Which of the following statements regarding General Nathanael Greene is FALSE?
A) He was one of the most effective commanders in the American army.
B) He led American forces to victory in the battle at Yorktown.
C) He was forced to withdraw at Guilford Court House after inflicting heavy losses.
D) He divided his forces into fast-moving contingents to confuse and exasperate Cornwallis.
E) He replaced Horatio Gates as commander of the southern forces in the Continental army.
Q2) The war effort by American colonists would be financed primarily by
A) borrowing from abroad.
B) printing paper money.
C) spending hard currency.
D) melting down jewelry into specie.
E) selling bonds.
Q3) The Declaration of Independence borrowed heavily from previously written colonial documents.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What was the legacy of the American Revolution for Native Americans?
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Chapter 6: The Constitution and the New Republic Key
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Q1) The new Constitution made no reference to political parties.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The election of 1796 saw
A) a Federalist president and a Republican vice president take office.
B) the Federalists reach their height of power and unity.
C) the Republicans win the presidency for the first time.
D) John Adams become president on the Republican ticket.
E) the House of Representatives determine the presidential victor.
Q3) In the Constitution,political parties were
A) specifically proscribed.
B) viewed as temporary factions.
C) described as dangerous.
D) encouraged.
E) not mentioned.
Q4) What political conditions and developments led to Republican domination in the election of 1800?
Q5) In what ways was the Adams administration an expression of Federalist philosophy? In what ways was it not?
Page 8
Q6) What steps did Hamilton take to strengthen the federal government?
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Chapter 7: The Jeffersonian Era Key
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Q1) What was the significance of Eli Whitney to the development of the American economy during the first decades of the nineteenth century?
Q2) Jefferson believed that Native Americans were uncivilized and innately inferior.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What evidence supports the claim that American technology underwent a "revolution" between 1790 and 1820?
Q4) At the end of the eighteenth century,only a small proportion of white Americans were members of formal churches.
A)True
B)False
Q5) When Thomas Jefferson received the treaty for the Louisiana Purchase,he
A) assumed the French would not honor its terms.
B) was unsure of his constitutional authority to accept it.
C) angrily fired Livingston and Monroe for insubordination.
D) insisted on numerous revisions before accepting it.
E) felt his government had been asked to pay too much for it.
Q6) What historical events and ideas disturbed church establishments and prompted the Second Great Awakening in American society?
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Varieties of American Nationalism Key
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Marshall Court upheld the constitutionality of the Bank of the United States.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The Marshall Court strengthened the federal government at the expense of the states.
A)True
B)False
Q3) ,the Marshall Court affirmed federal authority over
A) the remainder of the Louisiana Purchase.
B) all American Indian tribes.
C) both American Indian tribes and the remainder of the Louisiana Purchase.
D) individual states.
E) both individual states and all American Indian tribes.
Q4) President James Monroe began his administration under what seemed to be remarkably favorable circumstances.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What rulings by the Marshall Court enhanced its own power and that of the federal government?
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Chapter 9: Jacksonian America Key
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Sample
Questions
Q1) National political conventions were introduced during the Jacksonian period in order to expand the democratic process.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The Whig Party was LEAST successful at
A) defining its political position.
B) uniting behind a strong national leader.
C) connecting with evangelical Protestants.
D) attracting a loyal constituency of voters.
E) competing against Democrats in local, state, and congressional races.
Q3) How did Andrew Jackson's ideals of democracy compare with those of Thomas Jefferson?
Q4) In his doctrine of nullification,John C.Calhoun argued that
A)states were the final authority on the constitutionality of federal laws.
B)a state could not impose tariffs and levies on goods made in a neighboring state.
C)there should not be a federal court system.
D)states,not Congress,should ratify amendments to the Constitution.
E)all laws related to a state's economic development should come from that state.
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Chapter 10: Americas Economic Revolution Key
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Sample Questions
Q1) Compared to 1800,in 1860 urban American families
A) had an increasing birth rate.
B) None of these answers is correct.
C) were less likely to see their children leave home in search of work.
D) had a declining birth rate.
E) were less likely to have income earners work outside the home.
Q2) In the 1820s and 1830s,the labor force for factory work in the United States
A) was reduced by dramatic improvements in agricultural production.
B) consisted mostly of European immigrants.
C) None of these answers is correct.
D) saw many skilled urban artisans move into factory jobs.
E) consisted mostly of European immigrants; saw many skilled urban artisans move into factory jobs; and ultimately was reduced by dramatic improvements in agricultural production.
Q3) As the factory system progressed into the 1840s,
A) many mill girls moved into management roles in the factory system.
B) wages rose, while working hours increased to ten hours.
C) female workers staged a successful strike for better living conditions.
D) the owners increasingly used immigrants as their labor force.
E) a paternalistic management system was developed.
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Chapter 11: Cotton,Slavery,and the Old South Key
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Sample Questions
Q1) Prior to 1860,southern women differed from northern women in that they
A) tended to have more formal education.
B) were expected to be more subordinate to men.
C) had fewer children.
D) were more likely to take a role in public activities.
E) generally were less engaged with the economic life of the family.
Q2) Which of the following statements about the poorest class of white southerners is FALSE?
A) They suffered from pellagra, hookworm, and malaria.
B) They supported themselves by foraging or hunting.
C) They were known variously as "crackers" or "sand hillers."
D) They often felt affinity with slaves as members of another oppressed class.
E) They were forced to resort at times to eating clay.
Q3) Slave spirituals were written down and passed on to generations of African Americans.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Describe the distinguishing class features of the people who were known as "planters," "plain folk," "hill people," or "crackers."
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Chapter 12: Antebellum Culture and Reform Key
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the 1830s and 1840s,cholera epidemics in the United States
A) None of these answers is correct.
B) were diminished, as physicians gained a basic understanding of bacteria.
C) typically killed more than half of those who contracted the disease.
D) were transmitted to humans by fleas living on rats.
E) led many cities to build water treatment facilities.
Q2) Why did the Free-Soil movement attract the kind of popular support that none of the other abolitionist philosophies could generate?
Q3) Both the Oneida Community and the Shakers were committed to celibacy.
A)True
B)False
Q4) One of the most enduring of the pre-Civil War utopian colonies was A) Oneida.
B) Brook Farm.
C) New Harmony.
D) Nauvoo.
E) Walden.
Q5) Of the major experiments in utopian living,which do you believe had the most long-term influence on modern society? Explain.
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Chapter 13: The Impending Crisis Key
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the mid-1840s,the "Oregon country" in the Pacific Northwest
A) remained the center of the French fur-trading empire.
B) was of little interest to the American government.
C) included an Indian population that had been devastated by disease.
D) was primarily occupied by Great Britain.
E) contained many more English settlers than Americans.
Q2) When it came to the issue of the extension of slavery,President James K.Polk favored A) an extension of the Missouri Compromise.
B) abolitionism.
C) popular sovereignty.
D) the Wilmot Proviso.
E) Free Soil.
Q3) The political party that came into being largely in response to the Kansas-Nebraska Act was the
A) Know-Nothings.
B) Populist Party.
C) Republican Party.
D) Jayhawk Party.
E) Abolitionist Party.
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Chapter 14: The Civil War Key
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Confederacy financed its war effort primarily through A) printing money.
B) seizure of Northern assets.
C) selling bonds.
D) foreign loans.
E) an income tax.
Q2) The wartime South saw
A) a significant decline in the production of goods.
B) almost no black-market commerce.
C) an increase in the sale of cotton overseas.
D) numerous bloody slave revolts.
E) women forced out of the public sphere.
Q3) In what ways did women participate in the Civil War,and how did the conflict change the status of women in both the North and the South?
Q4) The Union's Committee on the Conduct of the War
A) criticized Union generals for having too many combat deaths on both sides.
B) limited the financial expenditures by the military.
C) often greatly interfered with the conduct of the war.
D) was consistently opposed by Radical Republicans such as Benjamin Wade.
E) was organized by President Abraham Lincoln.
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Reconstruction and the New South Key
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Sample Questions
Q1) The elections of 1876 saw
A) the Supreme Court decide the presidential election.
B) Ulysses Grant make an unsuccessful bid for an unprecedented third term.
C) the governor of New York become president.
D) the candidate with the most popular votes fail to get elected.
E) a Democrat become president for the first time since the Civil War.
Q2) The Alabama claims
A) were found by the Supreme Court to invalidate Radical Reconstruction.
B) ended an experiment in black landownership.
C) saw the United States refuse to pay Alabama for losses incurred during the Civil War.
D) involved complaints by the United States against England.
E) marked a renewed effort in asserting the rights of states over federal authority.
Q3) In the 1890s,the black journalist Ida B.Wells devoted her writing to attacking
A)the loss of black voting rights.
B)the legality of segregation.
C)the crime of lynching.
D)the arguments of Booker T.Washington.
E)restrictions on black education.
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Chapter 16: The Conquest of the Far West Key
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Sample Questions
Q1) The western cattle industry saw Mexican ranchers first develop
A) All these answers are correct.
B) lariats.
C) spurs.
D) leather chaps.
E) saddles.
Q2) Late-nineteenth-century American farmers increasingly sold their produce in competitive international markets and bought their supplies in a domestic market protected by tariffs.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Compare the myths and the realities of the American cowboy.
Q4) In the late nineteenth century,fences for Plains farms were usually made from A) wood.
B) sod.
C) stones.
D) barbed wire.
E) brick.
Q5) Describe the origins and development of the Texas cattle industry.
Q6) In what ways did the American West not conform to its popular image?
Page 18
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Chapter 17: Industrial Supremacy Key
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Sample Questions
Q1) Who among the following began to develop an oil empire by taking control of competing oil companies in Ohio?
A)John D.Rockefeller
B)J.P.Morgan
C)Andrew Carnegie
D)Samuel Morse
E)Cyrus Field
Q2) Herbert Spencer and William Graham Sumner could both be called Social Darwinists.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The open-hearth process of making steel
A) produced small quantities of high-grade steel.
B) was first done in the United States.
C) was ridiculed by established steelmakers such as Abram Hewitt.
D) made the production of large-dimension pieces possible.
E) was replaced by the Bessemer process.
Q4) Which aspects of Social Darwinism do you believe are true and which are false? Why?
Q5) Why were labor unions not more successful during the late nineteenth century?
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Chapter 18: The Age of the City Key
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Q1) When the first tenements were built in 1850,they were viewed as a great improvement in housing for the poor.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Coney Island provided a way of experiencing mass American culture on an equal footing with people from different backgrounds.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In what ways did the traditional cultural beliefs and values practiced by new immigrants both help and hinder their adjustment to life in America?
Q4) Roughly what percentage of the populations of Chicago,New York,and Detroit was made up of immigrants by 1890?
A) 20-30 percent
B) 80-90 percent
C) 50-60 percent
D) 40-50 percent
E) 60-70 percent
Q5) Discuss the efforts to restrict immigration in the late nineteenth century.
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Chapter 19: From Crisis to Empire Key
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Q1) American interest in a war with Cuba was spurred by the 1895 death of Valeriano Weyler,head of the Cuban Revolutionary Party.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Throughout the late nineteenth century,the federal government
A) funded large public-works projects to alleviate unemployment.
B) developed a prominent role in international relations.
C) was relatively inactive.
D) had no meaningful responsibilities.
E) shrank in size in terms of employees and budget expenditures.
Q3) The Platt Amendment left the Philippines only nominally independent,politically.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The United States was forced to rely on the regular army and a military draft in fighting the Spanish-American War.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What were the major consequences of the Spanish-American War for Cuba?
Q6) Why did the United States go to war against Spain in 1898?
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Chapter 20: The Progressives Key
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Q1) The "new woman" was less likely to marry and more likely to divorce.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Progressive reforms tended to increase voter turnout in presidential elections. A)True
B)False
Q3) Ida Tarbell and Lincoln Steffens could both be called muckrakers.
A)True
B)False
Q4) As president,Theodore Roosevelt quickly rebelled against the leaders of his party.
A)True
B)False
Q5) In what ways was Theodore Roosevelt a progressive reformer,consistent with the progressivism of his time?
Q6) In 1916,President Wilson appointed Louis Brandeis,a Jew,to the Supreme Court. A)True
B)False
Q7) What social factors motivated progressivism to develop as a reform movement when it did?
Page 22
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Chapter 21: America and the Great War Key
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Q1) In 1920,Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti
A) both admitted they were anarchists and drew widespread support from the public.
B) were convicted of murder.
C) drew widespread support from the public.
D) admitted they were anarchists.
E) All these answers are correct.
Q2) The most prominent exponent of black nationalism following World War I was
A)Claude McKay.
B)Marcus Garvey.
C)Booker T.Washington.
D)W.E.B.Du Bois.
E)Malcolm X.
Q3) The War Industries Board,which coordinated government purchases of military supplies,was headed by Herbert Hoover.
A)True
B)False
Q4) How did World War I affect African Americans and race relations?
Q5) Would the foreign policies of Theodore Roosevelt be effective today?
Q6) Define and analyze President Woodrow Wilson's "New World Order."
Page 23
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Chapter 22: The New Era Key
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Q1) The Sheppard-Towner Act of 1921
A) promoted the establishment of daycare centers for the children of working women.
B) provided federal funds for child health-care programs.
C) was promoted by the American Medical Association.
D) was promoted by the National Women's Party.
E) was criticized for its promotion of birth control.
Q2) In the 1920s bestseller,The Man Nobody Knows,Jesus Christ was portrayed as A) a salesman.
B) 100% American.
C) embodying Republican values.
D) a prophet who would oppose consumerism.
E) a capitalist.
Q3) The infamous Baltimore journalist of the 1920s who delighted in ridiculing religion,politics,the arts,and even democracy itself,was
A)H.L.Mencken.
B)F.Scott Fitzgerald.
C)Thomas Wolfe.
D)Sinclair Lewis.
E)John Dos Passos.
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Chapter 23: The Great Depression Key
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Q1) The Hawley-Smoot Tariff of 1930
A) gave incentives to Europeans to sell their goods in the United States.
B) None of these answers is correct.
C) was designed to stimulate U.S. exports.
D) both gave incentives to Europeans to sell their goods in the U.S., and was designed to stimulate U.S. exports.
E) increased tariffs on industrial products, but left farm products' rates unchanged.
Q2) President Hoover did attempt to use federal spending to fight the Great Depression.
A)True
B)False
Q3) During the Great Depression,
A) the birth rate increased.
B) the divorce rate declined.
C) both the marriage rate and the birth rate increased.
D) All these answers are correct.
E) the marriage rate increased.
Q4) How was the American family affected by the Great Depression?
Q5) Accurately characterize the depth and breadth of the Great Depression.
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Chapter 24: The New Deal Key
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Q1) Beginning in 1933,the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
A) protected the assets of bank depositors up to $2,500.
B) prevented banks from speculating irresponsibly.
C) offered financial protection for stock investors.
D) gave the government authority to transfer the funds of failing banks to strong banks.
E) protected banks from failing.
Q2) What impact did the New Deal have on women and minorities?
Q3) The "Second New Deal" was launched partly in response to the A) persistence of the Great Depression.
B) All these answers are correct.
C) Supreme Court's decision striking down the National Industrial Recovery Act.
D) president's sympathy toward the ideas of Senator Long.
E) political challenges of Senator Long and the Supreme Court's decision striking down the National Industrial Recovery Act.
Q4) Compare the efforts of both Herbert Hoover and Franklin Roosevelt in fighting the Depression.How did their efforts fare in combating the economic crisis?
Q5) How was Franklin Roosevelt able to quickly restore the public's confidence in government and the economy in 1933?
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Chapter 25: The Global Crisis, 1921-1941 Key
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Q1) In 1932,the Hoover administration,in response to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria, A) issued warnings to the Japanese government.
B) called for Japanese recognition of the Open Door policy.
C) sent financial aid to Chiang Kai-shek's government in China.
D) sent Americans to Manchuria to train Chinese pilots.
E) imposed economic sanctions against Japan.
Q2) In 1934,U.S.Soviet relations soured in part because the United States demonstrated little interest in stopping the expansion of A) China.
B) Italy.
C) Japan.
D) Germany.
E) Great Britain.
Q3) Why did the events surrounding World War I encourage the growth of isolationism in the United States during the 1920s and 1930s?
Q4) In what ways did the Hoover administration continue past foreign policy? In what way did it break from the past?
Q5) Explain the evolution of American diplomacy toward Japan between 1921 and 1941.
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Chapter 26: America in a World at War Key
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Q1) In 1943,in a meeting in Casablanca,the Allies decided they would next invade
A) Corsica.
B) France.
C) Sicily.
D) Greece.
E) Cyprus.
Q2) What were the reasons,strategic and otherwise,for a lack of action by the Allies toward the Holocaust in Europe during World War II? Were these reasons justified by the need to win the war? What do you think the Allies could have done?
Q3) Prior to ordering the use of an atomic bomb against Japan,President Harry Truman
A) issued an ultimatum to Japan to surrender or face utter devastation.
B) sent evidence of a test explosion to the Japanese government.
C) did not send any kind of message to Japan.
D) warned the Japanese about the atomic bomb and sent evidence of its effect.
E) told Japan to evacuate Hiroshima or face the consequences.
Q4) How did the war affect the American economy? How did it affect the New Deal? What economic factors of the war would fuel a post-war boom of material prosperity in the United States?
Q5) Describe the development and making of the atomic bomb.
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Chapter 27: The Cold War Key
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Q1) The American invasion at Inchon during the Korean War
A) was aimed at preventing Chinese communists from entering the war.
B) was a military debacle.
C) prompted President Truman to try to push communists out of North Korea.
D) was ultimately thwarted due to the surprise intervention of the Chinese navy.
E) led to a fight between General Douglas MacArthur and President Harry Truman.
Q2) Churchill,Roosevelt,and Stalin were in general agreement that the post-World War II world should not return to the traditional European balance of power.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944
A) helped to reduce government spending.
B) gave economic and education subsidies to veterans.
C) was limited to servicemen who had been wounded in combat.
D) explicitly discriminated against African Americans.
E) mainly provided counseling for emotionally troubled veterans.
Q4) What were the major events related to communism between 1949 and 1953 that alarmed the American public?
Q5) Describe the Marshall Plan and assess its importance in the postwar world.
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Chapter 28: The Affluent Society Key
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Q1) What was the appeal of rock music in the 1950s,and what accounts for its popularity?
Q2) In the civil rights movement,the spirit of "massive resistance" is associated with the actions of
A) southern whites.
B) southern blacks.
C) northern whites.
D) northern blacks.
E) progressive liberals.
Q3) What factors account for the broad-based and rapid progress of science and technology following World War II? Why did this progress not occur sooner?
Q4) How do you define Eisenhower republicanism? How did it differ from Hoover republicanism and New Deal or Fair Deal liberalism?
Q5) Between 1945 and 1960,the birth rate in the United States
A) peaked in 1949.
B) led to a doubling of the nation's population in this period.
C) reversed a long pattern of decline.
D) fell precipitously from its World War II highs.
E) led to shortages of many consumer goods.
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Chapter 29: The Turbulent Sixties Key
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Q1) The 1964 election saw
A) Lyndon Johnson distance himself from the memory of John Kennedy.
B) Lyndon Johnson receive a larger plurality than any candidate before or since.
C) Lyndon Johnson win a decisive victory over Richard Nixon.
D) Lyndon Johnson carry the entire South.
E) Republicans gain control of the Senate, but not the House.
Q2) President Lyndon Johnson's Medicare program
A) angered doctors by forcing them to lower their fees.
B) appealed mainly to poor and working-class Americans.
C) was broadly unpopular in the form in which it was enacted.
D) built on the success of his Medicaid program.
E) provided benefits to all seniors regardless of need.
Q3) Describe the multiple traumas of 1968.How did the country respond to them?
Q4) What was the Kennedy strategy for fighting the Cold War? How did Vietnam fit into this overall strategy?
Q5) What steps did Lyndon Johnson take to expand the liberal state? Which steps seemed to be successful,and why? Which did not seem to be successful,and why?
Q6) Why did the military superiority held by the United States fail to achieve victory in Vietnam?
Page 31
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Chapter 30: The Crisis of Authority Key
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Q1) The Supreme Court ruling in the case of Furman v.Georgia (1972)
A)was upheld in the case of Gregg v.Georgia (1976).
B)ruled that execution by hanging was unconstitutional.
C)redefined the appeals process in death penalty convictions.
D)overturned existing capital punishment statutes.
E)favored the use of forced busing to achieve racial balance in schools.
Q2) Nothing since the American Civil War divided the United States public as much as the Vietnam War.Why?
Q3) The federal government's "termination" policy toward Native Americans contributed to a generation of Indian militancy.
A)True
B)False
Q4) By the end of their first year in office,Nixon and Kissinger had concluded that the most effective way to tip the military balance in South Vietnam's favor was to
A) All these answers are correct.
B) "surge" 30,000 additional ground combat forces in the Mekong Delta.
C) install a pro-American regime under General Lon Diem.
D) destroy military bases in Cambodia and Laos.
E) have the Congress repeal the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution.
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Chapter 31: From the Age of Limits to the Age of Reagan
Key
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Q1) What were the assets and liabilities faced by Gerald Ford's presidency?
Q2) In 1974,OPEC raised the price it charged for oil by 400 percent.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The Iran-contra scandal did serious damage to Reagan's presidency.
A)True
B)False
Q4) All of the following statements regarding the Gulf War of 1991 are true EXCEPT that
A) the Allied forces ultimately numbered 690,000 troops.
B) almost all Islamic and Arab nations joined a trade embargo against Iraq.
C) the Allied ground offensive focused on dislodging Iraqi forces dug-in along the Kuwait border.
D) the United States suffered relatively few casualties in the war.
E) the United Nations voted in favor of American policies toward Iraq.
Q5) Under President Carter,unemployment declined but inflation soared.
A)True
B)False
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Q6) Make a case for the positive changes in the American political process that resulted from the Watergate scandal.
Chapter 32: The Age of Globalization Key
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Q1) Was Bill Clinton a Democrat in the New Deal tradition,or the Great Society tradition,or something else?
Q2) Describe the key differences among the post-Cold War foreign policies of the first Bush,Clinton,and second Bush administrations.
Q3) Before the terrorist attacks of September 11,2001,the United States had never experienced
A) terrorism anywhere.
B) terrorism enacted by Islamic fundamentalists.
C) None of these answers is correct.
D) terrorism within its borders.
E) any of these: terrorism caused by Islamic fundamentalists, or terrorism within its borders or anywhere.
Q4) In 1998,the federal budget
A) set a record for deficit spending.
B) saw its first surplus in thirty years.
C) was one-third smaller than it had been six years earlier.
D) had cut military spending in half from its Cold War peak.
E) had paid off the national debt.
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