American Criminal Justice
Exam Questions
Course Introduction
American Criminal Justice offers an in-depth examination of the structures, functions, and processes that define the United States criminal justice system. The course explores the roles of law enforcement agencies, courts, and corrections, highlighting the ways in which laws are created, interpreted, and enforced. Students will analyze key issues such as due process, criminal procedure, policing strategies, sentencing practices, and the impact of social, economic, and political factors on justice. Throughout the course, contemporary challenges like racial disparities, mass incarceration, and criminal justice reform are discussed, providing students with a comprehensive understanding of both the foundational principles and current debates shaping American criminal justice.
Recommended Textbook
CJ Realities and Challenges 3rd Edition by Ruth E. Masters
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16 Chapters
1103 Verified Questions
1103 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: What Is the Criminal Justice System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which group is the most fearful of crime?
A)Children in rural commuinities
B)Elderly women
C)Middle-aged men
D)Young men
Answer: B
Q2) A 2010 Gallup poll found that ________% of Americans supported the legalization of marijuana.
A)92
B)23
C)46
D)69
Answer: C
Q3) ________ is the systematic,organized effort by society to punish offenders,protect the public,and change an offender's behavior.
A)Informal social norms
B)Deviations
C)Formal social norms
D)Corrections
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: Types of Crime
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Q1) A man enters a store with an intention to shop.While shopping,he notices the store clerk going to the back of the store leaving the counter and register unattended.Although he did not intend to steal when he entered the store,the man decides to take advantage of the opportunity.He walks to the counter,takes out the money from the cash register,and then leaves the store.Which of the following crimes did the man commit?
A)White-collar
B)Robbery
C)Burglary
D)Larceny
Answer: D
Q2) According to the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR),racism motivates about ________ of all hate crime convictions.
A)half
B)three-fourth
C)one-fourth
D)one-third
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: Causes of Crime
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Sample Questions
Q1) A person accepts society's cultural goals and decides to continue working in his current job to achieve the goals.According to Merton's strain theory,the person's response to the strain falls under the category of ________.
A)innovation
B)ritualism
C)retreatism
D)conformity
Answer: D
Q2) When Alex turned 14,he started hanging out with a new group of kids.These kids were on drugs most of the time and stole money from the stores in the neighborhood.Alex noticed that they never seemed to get caught or face any negative consequences for these actions.After gaining enough confidence,Alex shoplifted some items from a store.Which of the following theories best explains Alex's behavior?
A)The social learning theory
B)The looking-self theory
C)The strain theory
D)The biological theory
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Criminal Law and Defenses
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ________ is a standard for insanity that asks whether the defendant was unable to know what he or she was doing or to distinguish right from wrong.
A)Durham Rule
B)American Law Institute Rule
C)Common law Rule
D)McNaughtan Rule
Q2) Which of the following is an inchoate crime?
A)Attempt
B)Conspiracy
C)Solicitation
D)All these answers are correct.
Q3) Which of the following is NOT a requirement of the self-defense claim?
A)The offender must be taller and heavier than the victim.
B)The action against the offender must be necessary.
C)The threat must be imminent.
D)The action against the offender must be proportionate to the threat.
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Chapter 5: Overview of Policing
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Q1) Which of the following statements is a FALSE statement about the background investigations of police applicants?
A)Background investigations are often improperly conducted.
B)Background checks have always been reliable indicators of which individuals will become good officers.
C)Background investigators look for proof of good moral character.
D)Background investigators can be subjective.
Q2) Which of the following emphasizes crime prevention and the development of positive relationships between the police and the public?
A)Community policing
B)Frankpledge system
C)Watch system
D)Street justice
Q3) The ________ places loyalty to fellow officers above all other values.
A)code red
B)blue code of silence
C)code of ethics
D)leap of faith
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7
Chapter 6: Policing Operations
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Q1) In the ________ step of the SARA model of problem-oriented policing,the police department identifies the problem,its consequences,the frequency with which it occurs,and any other information relevant to understanding it.
A)assessment
B)response
C)scanning
D)analysis
Q2) Which of the following statements is true about the public opinion of police?
A)Most people across the country are not supportive of police.
B)The public rates the police as less honest than congressmen and lawyers.
C)The public generally believes that racial profiling is more common than police brutality.
D)Nationwide,police are rated higher than the military.
Q3) Who is responsible for locating key parties at a crime scene?
A)The criminal judge
B)The crime scene technician
C)The patrol officer
D)The dispatcher
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8
Chapter 7: Legal and Special Issues in Policing
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ________ Amendment states that no person "shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself."
A)Sixth
B)Third
C)Fifth
D)Fourth
Q2) Police are looking for Trevor Brown,a suspect in a murder.Detective Lewis obtains Trevor's cell phone number from an informant and calls him.When Trevor receives the call,the detective immediately beings asking questions about the evening of the murder.Detective Lewis does not have to read Trevor his Miranda rights because:
A)Detective Lewis was not asking about the murder,just about the evening of the murder.
B)Trevor is wealthy and does not need an attorney provided to him by the state.
C)reading Miranda rights is not required in murder cases.
D)Trevor Brown is not in Detective Lewis' custody.
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9
Chapter 8: The Courts
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Sample Questions
Q1) A specialty court deals with:
A)mentally ill offenders.
B)drug offenders.
C)all of these.
D)family law issues.
Q2) Which of the following is NOT one of the ways a federal judge loses his or her job?
A)Retiring
B)Firing
C)Impeachment
D)Resigning
Q3) A subpoena:
A)orders a witness to appear in court.
B)is required when a defendant is appealing his case.
C)is issued by a bailiff.
D)orders the police to make an arrest.
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10
Chapter 9: Pretrial and Trial
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Sample Questions
Q1) Larry's fingerprints were found on the murder weapon that was used in the murder of his wife,Jennifer.This is ________ evidence.
A)circumstantial
B)hearsay
C)real
D)direct
Q2) Which of the following does NOT occur during a suspect's booking?
A)The suspect is interrogated.
B)The suspect provides personal information.
C)The suspect is photographed.
D)The suspect is fingerprinteD.
Q3) The Sixth Amendment to the Constitution affords all of the following rights EXCEPT:
A)the right to counsel.
B)the right to confront and cross-examine witnesses.
C)the right to a speedy trial.
D)the right to be free from unreasonable searches and seizures.
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Chapter 10: Sentencing
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Sample Questions
Q1) The two types of deterrence are ________.
A)absolute and general
B)general and specific
C)absolute and specific
D)general and determinate
Q2) Surveys of prison inmates show that offenders who had been under the influence of ________ when they committed their crimes were more likely to be incarcerated for violent offenses.
A)alcohol
B)crack cocaine
C)powder cocaine
D)all of these
Q3) Which of the following statements is true about executing offenders?
A)It costs approximately the same to execute offenders and house them in prison for life.
B)It is more expensive to execute offenders than to house them in prison for life.
C)It is cheaper to execute offenders than house them in prison for life.
D)None of these answers are correct.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Overview of Corrections
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Sample Questions
Q1) Four friends,Bob,Sue,Tom,and John,have been convicted of bank robbery.Upon sentencing,they discover that they are being sent to four different prisons,each with its own philosophy of corrections.Bob spends much of his sentence in an isolation cell;he is also subject to strict rules and regulations and has no access to rehabilitation programs.Sue finds herself in a prison that is filled with individuals serving very lengthy sentences as well as some low-level offenders,who,she thinks,should never have been incarcerated because their crimes are not serious.Tom,on the other hand,has access to many different treatment programs.Finally,the prison where John is incarcerated is focused on John's success when he returns to the community.He spends his time preparing for release.John is most likely incarcerated in a prison that adheres to the ________ model of corrections.
A)crime control
B)rehabilitation
C)reintegration
D)punishment
Q2) Federal prison inmates are most likely to be:
A)Asian.
B)White.
C)HispaniC.
D)African American.
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Jails and Prisons
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Sample Questions
Q1) If you were charged with a minor offense and sentenced to less than one year of incarceration,you would most likely be incarcerated in a: A)jail.
B)state prison.
C)federal prison.
D)halfway house.
Q2) Foreign-born offenders are often infected with: A)HIV/AIDS.
B)hepatitis
C)sexually transmitted diseases.
D)tuberculosis (TB).
Q3) Approximately ________ of incarcerated women have minor children (under the age of 18).
A)65%
B)50%
C)75%
D)90%
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Chapter 13: Community Corrections
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sally has just finished serving an 8-10 year sentence.She was granted release by a board assembled to determine if she is eligible to return to the community.Because this group of people felt that she was no longer a threat to the community,they made the decision to release her from prison.Sally has been released through:
A)conditional release.
B)probation release.
C)discretionary release.
D)mandatory release.
Q2) In general,research has found that intensive-supervision probation:
A)effectively reduces recidivism.
B)effectively rehabilitates offenders.
C)costs more than incarceration.
D)does not clearly reduce recidivism or enhance rehabilitation.
Q3) To measure success of probation,a measure of recidivism is often used-specifically:
A)whether or not the offender has been rearrested.
B)whether or not the offender violated probation conditions.
C)whether or not the offender has attended rehabilitation programs.
D)whether or not the offender has been reincarcerateD.
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Chapter 14: Understanding and Helping Victims
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Sample Questions
Q1) Victims who utilize advocacy services:
A)will exhibit all of these.
B)show fewer symptoms of depression.
C)are more effective in attaining social services.
D)are less likely to be abused again.
Q2) When victims leave their homes,they are often forced to go to a ________,where they can find temporary housing.
A)victim residence
B)residential treatment facility
C)shelter
D)victim precipitation
Q3) Which of the following is NOT one of the phases of recovery most victims go through?
A)Impact
B)Recovery
C)Despair
D)Recoil
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Juvenile Justice
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which case changed the standard of proof required in a juvenile court case?
A)In re Gault
B)Breed v.Jones
C)McKeiver v.Pennsylvania
D)In re Winship
Q2) Female juvenile inmates develop subcultures to cope with the stress and difficulties of confinement.These subcultures are called:
A)gangs.
B)pseudo families.
C)clusters.
D)cohorts.
Q3) Don was placed in a diversion program.Which of the following could be his destination?
A)Prison
B)A detention center
C)A substance-abuse program
D)Jail
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Page 17
Chapter 16: Evolving Challenges in Criminal Justice
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Sample Questions
Q1) ________,according to the United States Code,is premeditated,politically motivated violence perpetrated against non-combatant targets by sub-national groups or clandestine agents,usually intended to influence an audience.
A)Terrorism
B)Cybercrime
C)Civil disorder
D)A hate crime
Q2) Shane is seeing a psychologist after he was shot by a burglar he caught in his home.His psychologist emphasizes teaching Shane adaptive coping techniques that can help him recover.The psychologist is utilizing:
A)cognitive therapy.
B)psychoeducation.
C)exposure therapy.
D)anxiety management training.
Q3) Following 9/11,Congress passed laws authorizing warrantless monitoring of:
A)bank account activity.
B)telephone calls.
C)people's homes.
D)health records.
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Page 18