Allied Health Sciences
Exam Review
Course Introduction
Allied Health Sciences is an interdisciplinary field focused on the study and application of science and technology in healthcare settings outside of traditional medicine and nursing. This course introduces students to a wide range of allied health professions, such as medical laboratory science, radiography, physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and speech-language pathology. Emphasis is placed on understanding the roles and responsibilities of allied health professionals, the importance of teamwork in patient care, and the integration of clinical skills, ethical standards, and evidence-based practices to improve health outcomes in diverse populations. The course also explores developments in healthcare technology and the impact of allied health services on community health and wellness.
Recommended Textbook
Basic Immunology Functions and Disorders of the Immune System 5th Edition by
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12 Chapters
183 Verified Questions
183 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1939
Page 2
Abul K. Abbas
Chapter 2: Introduction to the Immune System
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16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38631
Sample Questions
Q1) In addition to T cells,which cell type is required for initiation of all T cell-mediated immune responses?
A)Effector cells
B)Memory cells
C)Natural killer cells
D)Antigen-presenting cells
E)B lymphocytes
Answer: D
Q2) The two major functional classes of effector T lymphocytes are:
A)Helper T lymphocytes and cytotoxic T lymphocytes
B)Natural killer cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes
C)Memory T cells and effector T cells
D)Helper cells and antigen-presenting cells
E)Cytotoxic T lymphocytes and target cells
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: Innate Immunity
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38632
Sample Questions
Q1) A 67-year-old homeless man is brought to the emergency department after being found behind a neighborhood bar in freezing weather.On arrival,he has a shaking chill,fever,and cough productive of blood-tinged sputum.A chest radiograph shows lobar consolidations consistent with bacterial pneumonia.Blood cultures are positive for Streptococcus pneumoniae.Which of the following molecular patterns recognized by Toll-like receptors expressed on the surface of this patient's phagocytes is important for activating his innate immune system against this gram-positive bacterial infection?
A)Peptidoglycan
B)Double-stranded RNA
C)Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
D)Lipoarabinomannan
E)Phosphatidylinositol dimannoside
Answer: A
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4
Chapter 4: Antigen Capture and Presentation to Lymphocytes
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38633
Sample Questions
Q1) Many vaccines now in development will include highly purified,recombinant,or synthetic peptide antigens.These vaccine antigens are expected to stimulate highly specific immune responses,but they are less immunogenic than vaccines containing intact killed or live microbes.Adjuvants are substances added to such vaccines to enhance their ability to elicit T cell immune responses.Which of the following statements about adjuvants is NOT correct?
A)Adjuvants induce local inflammation,thereby increasing the number of antigen-presenting cells (APCs)at the site of immunization.
B)Adjuvants stimulate the expression of costimulators on local APCs.
C)Adjuvants enhance local production of cytokines that promote T cell activation.
D)Adjuvants prolong the expression of peptide-MHC complexes on the surface of APCs.
E)Adjuvants bind to T cell antigen receptors and promote their proliferation.
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Chapter 5: Antigen Recognition in the Adaptive Immune System
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19 Verified Questions
19 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38634
Sample Questions
Q1) Both CD28 and CTLA-4 are receptors on T cells that are critical for regulating T cell activation.In which one of the following ways does CD28 differ from CTLA-4?
A)Only CD28 binds the costimulatory ligands B7-1 and B7-2 expressed on professional antigen-presenting cells.
B)CD28 counteracts positive,pro-proliferative T cell signals delivered by CTLA-4.
C)CD28 is constitutively expressed on naive T cells,whereas CTLA-4 is expressed on activated T cells.
D)CD28 binds its ligand with 10-fold greater affinity than does CTLA-4.
E)CD28 is important for delivering "signal 1" for T cell activation,whereas CTLA-4 is important for delivering "signal 2."
Q2) CD1-restricted T cells differ from other T cells restricted to class I or class II MHC molecules in which one of the following ways?
A)CD-1 restricted T cells cannot rapidly secrete cytokines.
B)CD-1 restricted T cells recognize non-peptide antigens,such as lipids.
C)CD-1 restricted T cells bind both cell-associated and soluble antigens.
D)CD-1 restricted T cells express both CD4 and CD8 coreceptors.
E)CD-1 restricted T cells are actually natural killer (NK)cells.
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6
Chapter 6: T-Cell Mediated Immunity
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38635
Sample Questions
Q1) Which one of the following statements about T cells involved in an immune response is NOT true?
A)Activated T cells receive survival signals from antigen during an infection.
B)Activated T cells contribute to the activation of antigen-presenting cells via CD40 ligand.
C)Memory T cells generated during a primary immune response express high levels of interleukin-2 receptors and actively proliferate long after the primary response is completed.
D)The major effector function of helper T cells is to activate macrophages and other cells by releasing cytokines.
E)When an infection is eliminated,activated T cells die by apoptosis.
Q2) Which one of the following accurately depicts the correct order of events in a TCR signal transduction pathway?
A)TCR ? Lck ? Zap-70 ? LAT ? Grb-2 ? SOS ? Ras ? Erk ? Fos
B)TCR ? Lck ? Zap-70 ? LAT ? SOS ? Grb-2 ? Ras ? Erk ? Fos
C)TCR ? Lck ? ITK ? LAT ? Grb-2 ? SOS ? Ras ? Erk ? Fos
D)TCR ? Lck ? Zap-70 ? LAT ? SOS ? Grb-2 ? Ras ? Erk ? Jun
E)TCR ? Lck ? Zap-70 ? LAT ? PLC\(\gamma\) ? DAG ? calcium release
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Chapter 7: Effector Mechanisms of T-Cell Mediated Immunity
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10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38636
Sample Questions
Q1) The induction phase of a cell-mediated immune response includes which of the following events?
A)CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell secretion of interferon-\(\gamma\) leading to macrophage activation
B)CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell lysis of a virally infected cell
C)Clonal expansion of CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells within a lymph node
D)Migration of CD4<sup>+</sup> effector T cells from blood vessels into a tissue site of infection
E)Migration of a naive CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell from the thymic medulla into the circulation
Q2) Differentiation of T<sub>H</sub>2 cells from naive precursor cells is dependent on which of the following?
A)Toll-like receptor (TLR)ligands
B)T-bet
C)Interleukin-12
D)GATA-3
E)Interferon-\(\alpha\)
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Page 8
Chapter 8: Humoral Immune Responses
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38637
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following mechanisms contributes to the change from B cell production of membrane Ig to secreted Ig?
A)V(D)J recombinase-mediated deletion of the exon encoding the transmembrane domain
B)Alternative processing of primary RNA transcripts to remove the transmembrane domain and include a secretory tail piece
C)Increased vesicular exocytosis of intracellular stores of the secretory form of Ig
D)Switch recombinase-mediated recombination of the heavy chain locus to juxtapose the V(D)J segment with the exon encoding a secretory tail piece
E)Up-regulation of ectoenzymes that proteolytically cleave membrane Ig heavy chains just proximal to the membrane
Q2) Which of the following events does NOT occur within germinal centers?
A)Somatic mutation of Ig V genes
B)Generation of memory B cells
C)B cell proliferation
D)Affinity maturation
E)Ig gene V(D)J recombination
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Chapter 9: Effector Mechanisms of Humoral Immunity
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13 Verified Questions
13 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38638
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements about Ig Fc receptors is NOT true?
A)Some Fc receptors or Fc receptor-associated signaling chains contain ITAMs in their cytoplasmic tails.
B)Some Fc receptors are linked to signal transduction pathways that cause granule exocytosis.
C)There are Fc receptors specific for all common Ig isotypes.
D)Some Fc receptors with ITIMs in their cytoplasmic tails transduce inhibitory signals.
E)Fc receptor signaling may enhance generation of reactive oxygen intermediates in phagocytes.
Q2) Which of the following events initiates activation of the alternative complement pathway?
A)C1q binding to a microbial surface
B)Mannose-binding lectin (MBL)binding to a microbial surface
C)Complement receptor 1 (CR1)binding of C3b
D)Factor I cleavage of C3
E)Spontaneous cleavage of C3 to C3b
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Chapter 10: Immunological Tolerance and Autoimmunity
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38639
Sample Questions
Q1) Which one of the following is NOT a mechanism of T cell tolerance?
A)Inhibition of T cell activation by interleukin-12 from regulatory T cells.
B)Apoptosis induced by Fas ligand binding to Fas.
C)Anergy induced by B7-1 or B7-2 binding to CTLA-4.
D)Anergy induced by peptide-major histocompatibility complex (MHC)binding to T cell receptors (TCRs)without B7-1 or B7-2 binding to CD28.
E)TCR-mediated up-regulation of Bim or similar pro-apoptotic proteins.
Q2) Which of the following molecules does NOT promote lymphocyte apoptosis?
A)Bid
B)Caspase-8
C)FADD
D)FLIP
E)Glucocorticoid
Q3) All of the following describe features of apoptosis EXCEPT:
A)Caspase activation
B)Membrane blebbing
C)Inflammation
D)Nuclear fragmentation
E)DNA cleavage
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Page 11
Chapter 11: Immune Responses Against Tumors and Transplants
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10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38640
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT a mechanism by which tumors evade immune responses?
A)Decreased synthesis of TAP
B)Increased expression of glycocalyx
C)Lack of costimulatory molecule expression
D)Increased expression of TGF-F1F1F1S1 F1F1F10
E)Increased expression of Fas
Q2) A 47-year-old woman had a mastectomy because she had breast carcinoma that was previously diagnosed by biopsy.Pathologic examination revealed that several axillary lymph nodes contained metastatic tumors.A test was performed on tumor cells extracted from the mastectomy specimen,which indicated that the tumor cells overexpressed a certain cellular proto-oncogene.On the basis of this test result,the patient was treated with an FDA-approved monoclonal antibody specific for the protein encoded by that gene.Which of the following was most likely the protein target of this antibody therapy?
A)p53
B)H-Ras
C)HPV E7
D)Rb
E)Her2
Page 12
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Chapter 12: Hypersensitivity
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14 Verified Questions
14 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38641
Sample Questions
Q1) Which one of the following statements concerning autoimmune disease is true?
A)Autoimmunity manifests as organ-specific,not systemic,disease.
B)Infectious microorganisms are frequently present in autoimmune lesions.
C)Effector mechanisms in autoimmunity include circulating autoantibodies,immune complexes,and autoreactive T lymphocytes.
D)Among the genes associated with autoimmunity,associations are particularly prevalent with class I MHC genes.
E)Many autoimmune diseases show higher incidence in males than in females.
Q2) Which of the following would NOT be a likely therapy for treating autoimmune diseases?
A)Corticosteroids
B)Small molecule inhibitor of VLA-4
C)Cyclosporine
D)CTLA-4 antagonist
E)Plasmapheresis
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13
Chapter 13: Congenital and Acquired Immunodeficiencies
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18 Verified Questions
18 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38642
Sample Questions
Q1) A 7-month-old boy is evaluated in the clinic for recurrent bacterial infections.His tonsils are not visible on physical examination.Serum immunoglobulin A (IgA)and IgG levels are markedly decreased,and serum IgM levels are slightly below normal.Based on this family's history and clinical presentation,a mutation in which of the following genes is most likely to be found in this patient?
A)JAK3 kinase
B)Adenosine deaminase
C)Common cytokine receptor \(\gamma\) chain
D)RAG2
E)Purine nucleoside phosphorylase
Q2) Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)is NOT a:
A)Herpesvirus
B)RNA virus
C)Enveloped virus
D)Retrovirus
E)Lentivirus
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