Advanced Topics in Perception Exam Bank
Course Introduction
This course delves into cutting-edge research and theories in the field of perception, exploring how sensory information is processed and interpreted by the brain to form our experiences of the world. Students will examine advanced topics such as perceptual organization, attention, multisensory integration, computational modeling, and neurophysiological bases of perception. Through critical analysis of experimental studies and current literature, the course emphasizes the interplay between biological mechanisms and cognitive processes, encouraging the development of analytical and research skills relevant for careers in neuroscience, psychology, and related fields.
Recommended Textbook
Sensation and Perception 9th Edition by E. Bruce Goldstein
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15 Chapters
750 Verified Questions
750 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Perception
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49 Verified Questions
49 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) If a person sees the unambiguous "rat" stimulus, and then views the ambiguous "rat-man" figure, the person will most likely report seeing
A) a rat, because of the effect of knowledge.
B) a man, because we tend to see things that match our species.
C) a rat, because of the effect of action.
D) a rat or a man equally.
Answer: A
Q2) When using the method of limits, the absolute threshold is determined by calculating
A) the stimulus intensity detected 50% of the time.
B) the stimulus intensity detected 75% of the time.
C) the stimulus intensity detected 100% of the time.
D) the average of the "cross-over" points.
Answer: A
Q3) Trying to find your friend's face in a crowd is related to the method of A) visual search.
B) limits.
C) constant stimuli.
D) adjustment.
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: The Beginnings of Perception
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59 Verified Questions
59 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The isomerization of a single pigment molecule triggers what is best described as a A) chain reaction.
B) ballistic expansion.
C) hyperactive potential.
D) hypopolarization wave.
Answer: A
Q2) Jan tries to focus on the tip of her pencil as she brings it closer to her. She feels the strain on her eye as she does this. What she is feeling in her eye is due to the process called
A) inhibition.
B) reflection.
C) accommodation.
D) assimilation.
Answer: C
Q3) Describe the process of synaptic transmission. Include in this description the differences between excitatory and inhibitory transmitters.
Answer: Answer not Answer.
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Chapter 3: Neural Processing and Perception
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46 Verified Questions
46 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) To measure _________, the experimenter decreases the intensity difference between the light bars and the dark bars until an observer can just barely detect the difference between the dark bars and the light bars.
A) Mach bands
B) contrast threshold
C) phase continuity
D) brightness constancy
Answer: B
Q2) Graphing the response of a simple cortical cell results in the A) response compression curve.
B) orientation tuning curve.
C) response expansion curve.
D) motion-directive sensitivity function.
Answer: B
Q3) _________: Limulus :: ________: human retina.
A) Horizontal cells; amacrine cells
B) Amacrine cells; horizontal cells
C) Lateral plexus; horizontal and amacrine cells
D) Lateral plexus; rods
Answer: C
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Chapter 4: Cortical Organization
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Sample Questions
Q1) The retinotopic map on the LGN has been determined by recording from neurons in the ______ .
A) retina
B) optic nerve
C) LGN
D) MTL
Q2) According to Milner and Goodale, the dorsal stream is the _____ pathway.
A) what
B) when
C) how
D) why
Q3) After training participants on the recognition of "Greeble" stimuli, Gauthier et al. found that the neuron in the FFA responded
A) as well to Greebles as to human faces.
B) weakly to Greebles, but strong activity to human faces.
C) unpredictably to Greebles, and inhibited activity for human faces.
D) weakly to Greebles, and decreased activity to human faces.
Q4) Describe research on brain damaged and non-brain damaged people that support the idea that the dorsal stream is the "how" pathway.
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Chapter 5: Perceiving Objects and Scenes
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48 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Border ownership means that when figure-ground segregation occurs, the border between the figure and background
A) seems to change color.
B) is perceived to be associated with the background.
C) is perceived to be associated with the figure.
D) seems to disappear.
Q2) Describe Grill-Spector et al.'s (2004) Harrison Ford study and the results of that study.
Q3) Summarize two research studies that show the influence of semantic regularities on perceptual organization.
Q4) The Bev Doolittle print of "The Forest Has Eyes" exemplifies the way _______ affects perceptual organization.
A) proximity.
B) common region.
C) meaningfulness.
D) common fate.
Q5) Describe a stimulus factor and a subjective factor that determine what area is seen as "figure" in an image with reversible figure-ground. Draw an example that demonstrates each factor.
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Chapter 6: Visual Attention
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ability to perceive a rod as being continuous behind an occluding block A) is innate.
B) is common in one-week-old infants.
C) can be accomplished by three-month-olds.
D) occurs only after sharp acuity is developed.
Q2) Johnson et al. (2004) presented moving occluded rods to 3-month-old infants, And classifed the infants as "perceivers" or "nonperceivers" of a unified, occluded Rod) The main finding of the study was
A) perceivers and nonperceivers did not differ in eye movements.
B) perceivers and nonperceivers did not differ in VEP activity.
C) perceivers tended to make more horizontal eye movements.
D) perceivers tended to look at the stationary occluder.
Q3) According to Treisman, the ______ stage is the "glue" that combines all the incoming information about an object.
A) preattentive
B) focused attention
C) tertiary
D) compiling
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Chapter 7: Taking Action
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46 Verified Questions
46 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) One research found that tennis players who have recently won a match perceive the net as being lower than those who have recently lost. Describe how these differences in perception might arise.
Q2) Lee et al.'s "Swinging Room" studies found that
A) only adults are affected by flow information.
B) only young children are affected by flow information.
C) children will lean back when a forward-swaying flow pattern was created.
D) adults were always able to keep their balance in the moving room.
Q3) The results of Bhalla and Proffitt's (1999) physical-fitness-and-hill-steepness study demonstrated that
A) individual fitness level does not affect perception of hill steepness.
B) fit individuals perceived hills as being more steep because they were fatigued.
C) less physically fit individuals perceived the hill as being more steep.
D) none of these.
Q4) Information that remains constant even though the observer is moving is called A) flow gradient.
B) texture gradient.
C) penumbra constants.
D) invariant information.
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Chapter 8: Perceiving Motion
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Sample Questions
Q1) A monkey with an intact MT cortex can detect the direction of moving dots when coherence is ____%, while a monkey that has had the MT cortex lesioned detects the direction of the moving dots when coherence is _____%.
A) 1-2; 10-20
B) 10-20; 1-2
C) 1-2; 1-2
Q2) The ______ signal is sent to other areas of the brain relaying the message that a signal has been sent from the motor cortex to the eye muscles. It is analogous to using the "cc" (copy) function in an email.
A) Image displacement
B) Ciliary
C) Motor
D) Collorary discharge
Q3) Which of the following stimuli is most likely to show the greatest representational momentum?
A) a house
B) a rocket
C) a coffee mug
D) a banana
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Perceiving Color
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58 Verified Questions
58 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Researcher Dorthea Jameson is quoted in the text as saying "A blue bird would not be mistaken for a goldfinch if it were brought indoors." This supports the concept of A) anomalous trichromacy.
B) neutral point univariance.
C) color constancy.
D) area centralis.
Q2) Color constancy works best when A) surrounding colors are masked.
B) chromatic adaptation occurs.
C) a color object is surrounded by one other color.
D) a color object is surrounded by many different colors.
Q3) Discuss the methods and results of Uchikawa et al.'s (1989) research on chromatic adaptation and color constancy.
Q4) Blue and yellow paints mixed together yield A) white.
B) gray.
C) green.
D) purple.
Q5) Evaluate Newton's claim that the light "rays are not coloured."
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Chapter 10: Perceiving Depth and Size
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52 Verified Questions
52 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ability to use binocular disparity as a depth cue
A) develops after using overlap as a depth cue.
B) occurs before binocular fixation develops.
C) develops after using familiar size as a depth cue.
D) can be tested using random dot stereograms.
Q2) Holway and Boring found that
A) size constancy holds under all viewing conditions.
B) the law of visual angle does not work in humans.
C) size constancy is more likely to occur if you have more depth cues.
D) size constancy does not occur under binocular viewing conditions.
Q3) Myranda looks at a photograph of a truck. Which of the following best describes how she will perceive this photograph?
A) She will always perceive a photograph of a real truck as being a real truck.
B) She will always perceive a photograph of a toy truck as being a toy truck.
C) She will perceive the toy truck as a toy truck if depth cues are eliminated.
D) Her perception of the size of the truck will depend on the known size of the objects located next to the truck.
Q4) Describe the differences in how depth is perceived in cats, insects, and bats.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Hearing
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50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Bendor and Wang (2005), when presenting a complex tone with a 182 Hz fundamental frequency to a marmoset, found a neuron that responded to a 182-Hz tone when presented alone but not when any of the harmonics were presented alone. The neuron that responded just to 182-Hz tone is an example of a(n) _______ neuron.
A) plasticity
B) amplitude
C) pitch
D) spectral
Q2) Békésy discovered the traveling wave motion of the basilar membrane by
A) stimulating the ear of human cadavers.
B) using brain imaging techniques in humans.
C) using single-cell recordings from live monkeys.
D) computer simulations.
Q3) A piano tone played backwards will sound more likely an organ than a piano because
A) the tone's original decay has become the attack, and vice versa.
B) the tone chroma is higher when played backwards.
C) the tone height is decreased when played backwards.
D) two middle harmonics are eliminated when played backwards.
Q4) Discuss the structures and functions of the middle ear.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Auditory Localization and Organization
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Sample Questions
Q1) What factors are important to consider when designing concert halls? What differences exist between designing concert halls and classroom?
Q2) If there is an interaural time difference, we interpret the sound as coming from
A) directly in front of us.
B) directly behind us.
C) the side.
D) directly above us.
Q3) Sound that reaches the ears after bouncing off a wall or a floor is called
A) direct sound.
B) indirect sound.
C) virtual sound.
D) harmonics.
Q4) Which of the following factors needs to be considered in architectural acoustics?
A) intimacy time
B) spaciousness factor
C) bass ratio
D) all of these
Q5) What is "melody schema"? Discuss the support for this concept.
Q6) Define visual capture and give examples of this concept.
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Chapter 13: Speech Perception
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48 Verified Questions
48 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following can be considered an articulator?
A) a sound spectrogram
B) a running spectral display
C) the soft palate
D) an articulation agreement
Q2) Micelli et al. (1980) found that brain damage to the parietal lobe caused the patient to have difficulty discriminating between syllables. Micelli et al found that A) all these patients could not understand words.
B) all these patients had "word deafness."
C) some of these patients could not hear pure tones.
D) some of these patients could still understand words.
Q3) Masakazu is a 4-month-old Japanese infant. When presented the phonemes /r/ and /l/,
He will
A) not be able to discriminate between these two phonemes.
B) be able to discriminate between these two phonemes.
C) need the VOT changed to 10 msec to discriminate between the two phonemes. D) spontaneously mimic the /r/, but not the /l/.
Q4) Discuss what information is used by listeners to accomplish speech segmentation.
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Chapter 14: The Cutaneous Senses
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Sample Questions
Q1) Endorphins
A) are morphine-like substances found in the body.
B) are receptors that are stimulated by extreme temperature on the skin.
C) the active agent in placebos.
D) have no analgesic effects.
Q2) Experience-dependent plasticity has been found to occur for
A) the somatosensory system only.
B) the auditory system only.
C) only the auditory and somatosensory systems
D) the somatosensory, auditory, and visual systems.
Q3) The Meissner corpuscle is associated with
A) sensing vibrations.
B) sensing fine texture.
C) controlling handgrip.
D) sensing fine details.
Q4) Penfield mapped locations of body parts on area S1 by
A) using fMRIs in humans.
B) lesioning S1 areas in the monkey.
C) using somatosensory-evoked potentials in monkeys.
D) stimulating S1 areas in humans, and asking where they felt body sensations.
Page 16
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Chapter 15: The Chemical Senses
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Sample Questions
Q1) Uchida's optical imaging research showed that larger carbon chains activate areas on the olfactory bulb that are
A) more centrally located.
B) located more to the right.
C) located more to the left.
D) randomly distributed across the glomeruli.
Q2) When an eight-hour-old newborn is given a concentrated shrimp odor to smell, the Newborn
A) responds with a facial expression similar to a smile.
B) responds with an increase in sucking.
C) responds with a facial expression that displays disgust.
D) does not respond at all to smells at this young age.
Q3) The senses of ____________ are referred to as the gatekeepers.
A) olfaction and gustation
B) kinethesis and proprioception
C) vision and olfaction
D) vision and proprioception
Q4) Discuss the research on odor identification. Relate Goldstein's anecdote about smelling "Aquavit" to odor identification (or better yet, describe a similar situation that happened in your life).
Page 17
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