Advanced Respiratory Care Exam
Solutions
Course Introduction
Advanced Respiratory Care explores the theoretical and clinical aspects of managing complex respiratory disorders in diverse patient populations. The course examines advanced diagnostic and therapeutic techniques, including mechanical ventilation, airway management, noninvasive ventilation, and specialty procedures such as pulmonary function testing and bronchoscopy assistance. Emphasis is placed on critical thinking, evidence-based practice, interprofessional collaboration, and adapting care to acute and chronic conditions. Ethical considerations and current research trends in respiratory care are integrated throughout, preparing students for leadership roles and advanced clinical practice within respiratory care settings.
Recommended Textbook
Respiratory Disease A Case Study Approach to Patient Care 3rd Edition by James R. Dexter
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
20 Chapters
484 Verified Questions
484 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/3793 Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Patient Assessment
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
49 Verified Questions
49 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75737
Sample Questions
Q1) What term is used to describe sputum that contains pus?
A)Purulent
B)Fetid
C)Mucoid
D)Tenacious
Answer: A
Q2) Your patient has pulmonary fibrosis (restrictive lung disease).What adventitious lung sound is expected during chest auscultation?
A)Coarse crackles
B)Fine crackles
C)Wheezing
D)Rhonchi
Answer: B
Q3) Systolic blood pressure values above what number represent hypertension?
A)130 mmHg
B)140 mmHg
C)150 mmHg
D)160 mmHg
Answer: B
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 3
Chapter 2: Introduction to Respiratory Failure
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75736
Sample Questions
Q1) Your patient has severe hypoxemia due to postoperative atelectasis.What treatment should be applied initially?
A)Oxygen by nasal cannuala
B)Oxygen with CPAP
C)Intubation and mechanical ventilation
D)Hyperbaric oxygen therapy
Answer: B
Q2) Your patient is being weaned using IMV.He appears to be tolerating the wean,but labors during the spontaneous breaths because the endotracheal tube is probably too small.What could be done to overcome this problem?
A)Increase the tidal volume during IMV breaths
B)Add pressure support
C)Increase the flow rate during the IMV breaths
D)Give the patient a mild sedative
Answer: B
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
4
Chapter 3: Asthma
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
23 Verified Questions
23 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75735
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following ventilator settings or measurements is most concerning to you during mechanical ventilation of a patient with acute asthma?
A)Plateau pressure of 45 cm H<sub>2</sub>O
B)Inspiratory flow of 80 L/min
C)Tidal volume set at 6-8 mL/kg of ideal body weight
D)Mechanical rate of 10/min
Answer: A
Q2) Inhaled bronchodilators are most often used instead of oral bronchodilators to treat asthma patients.Which of the following explain(s)the use of aerosolized bronchodilators?
A)Fewer side effects
B)Better protection of the airways
C)More rapid onset
D)All the above
Answer: D
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 5
Chapter 4: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75734
Sample Questions
Q1) COPD patients with cor pulmonale typically have which of the following physical examination findings?
A)JVD
B)Hepatomegaly
C)Pedal edema
D)All the above
Q2) Common causes of acute exacerbation in a COPD patient include all the following except:
A)Infection
B)Pulmonary edema
C)Pulmonary embolism
D)Pulmonary fibrosis
Q3) A patient has been smoking 2.5 packs of cigarettes per day for the past 25 years.What is his smoking history in pack years?
A)52 pack years
B)62.5 pack years
C)75 pack years
D)None of the above
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
6
Chapter 5: Cystic Fibrosis
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75733
Sample Questions
Q1) What therapy has been shown to reduce sputum viscosity in the number of exacerbations in patients with cystic fibrosis?
A)Use of mucomyst
B)Aerosolized saline
C)Use of bronchoscopy to clear retained mucus
D)Use of DNase
Q2) What is the medical problem that most cystic fibrosis patients first seek help for?
A)Recurrent pulmonary infections
B)Frequent episodes of hyperglycemia
C)Bowel obstructions
D)Weight loss
Q3) If your patient with cystic fibrosis has bilateral polyphonic wheezing,what therapy would you initially recommend?
A)Inhaled albuterol
B)Inhaled corticosteroids
C)Oral aminophylline
D)Inhaled atropine
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 6: Hemodynamic Monitoring and Shock
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75732
Sample Questions
Q1) Your patient has hypovolemic shock from severe diarrhea.Which of the following is least likely to be needed for care?
A)Close CVP monitoring
B)Mechanical ventilation with PEEP
C)Fluid therapy
D)Oxygen therapy
Q2) Which of the following is not related to production of stroke volume?
A)Circulating blood volume
B)Vascular resistance
C)Cardiac contractility
D)Pulse pressure
Q3) What vessels conduct venous blood from the right ventricle to the lungs?
A)The systemic arteries
B)The systemic veins
C)The pulmonary arteries
D)The pulmonary veins
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 8
Chapter 7: Pulmonary Thromboembolic Disease
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
21 Verified Questions
21 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75731
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is true about the use of "D-dimer" in evaluating the patient for PTE?
A)A value of >200 ng/mL is suggestive of PTE
B)Negative results are good evidence that PTE is not present
C)High values are proof of PTE
D)None of the above
Q2) When a larger pulmonary thromboembolism occurs in the lung,why does cardiac output drop?
A)Decreased filling of the left ventricle
B)Increased systemic vascular resistance
C)Increased filling of the right ventricle
D)Reduced contractility
Q3) Which of the following findings in a patient with PTE would cause you to most likely consider using thrombolytic therapy?
A)PaO<sub>2</sub> 65 mmHg
B)PaCO<sub>2</sub> 44 mmHG
C)Blood pressure 80/45 mmHg
D)Pulse rate = 110/min
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 8: Heart Failure
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
23 Verified Questions
23 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75730
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following clinical findings is least associated with congestive heart failure?
A)Presence of an S3 or S4 or both
B)Expiratory polyphonic wheezing
C)Prolonged inspiratory time
D)Pedal edema
Q2) Which of the following ABG findings is most suggestive of a severe case of congestive heart failure?
A)Respiratory alkalosis
B)PaO<sub>2</sub> = 40 mmHg
C)Metabolic acidosis
D)PaCO<sub>2</sub> = 44 mmHg
Q3) What is the primary electrolyte and fluid balance problem associated with heart failure that results in reduced renal perfusion?
A)Potassium retention and excessive water elimination
B)Potassium loss and water retention
C)Sodium loss and water elimination
D)Sodium retention and water retention
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
10
Chapter 9: Smoke Inhalation Injury and Burns
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75729
Sample Questions
Q1) What is the expected level of carboxyhemoglobin (HbCO)in the blood of nonsmokers?
A)<3%
B)3-5%
C)7-10%
D)15%
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a cause of increased mortality among burn victims?
A)Greater total body surface (TBSA)involvement
B)Women ages 30 to 55
C)Significant smoke inhalation
D)None of the above
Q3) Which of the following is the method of choice for treating COHb levels of less than 30% with cardiovascular stability?
A)Hyperbaric oxygen at 3 atm with 100% O<sub>2</sub> for 30-60 minutes
B)Tight-fitting non-rebreathing mask at 15 L/min
C)Answer A is optimal,but answer B is acceptable
D)Low flow O<sub>2</sub> at 6 L/min
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
11
Chapter 10: Near Drowning
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
23 Verified Questions
23 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75728
Sample Questions
Q1) Your patient has just entered the ER and was pulled from a swimming pool unconscious.Which of the following factors predicts a poor prognosis?
A)Elevated serum glucose levels
B)Hyperthermia
C)Hyperactive pupil response to light
D)All the above
Q2) Which of the following parameters would you assess to determine perfusion in a near drowning victim?
A)Capillary refill
B)Extremity temperature
C)Sensorium
D)All the above
Q3) Which of the following can cause cerebral vasoconstriction and can lower intracranial pressure as part of the treatment for a near drowning victim?
A)Use of lasix
B)Hyperventilation with the ventilator
C)High levels of oxygen
D)Heliox
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
12
Chapter 11: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75727
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a common cause of acute lung injury?
A)Sepsis
B)Severe trauma
C)Aspiration
D)All the above
Q2) Which of the following measurements is obtainable only with a Swan-Ganz catheter?
A)PCWP
B)SaO<sub>2</sub>
C)CVP
D)None of the above (all are obtainable with a Swan-Ganz catheter)
Q3) What is the normal static compliance?
A)60-100 cm H<sub>2</sub>O/mL
B)20-40 mL/cm H<sub>2</sub>O
C)20-40 cm H<sub>2</sub>O/mL
D)60-100 mL/cm H<sub>2</sub>O
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
13
Chapter 12: Chest Trauma
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
28 Verified Questions
28 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75726
Sample Questions
Q1) Open or "sucking" chest wounds
A)Act as a one-way valve allowing air to exit chest during inspiration
B)Act as a one-way valve to allow air to enter chest upon inspiration
C)Act as a one-way valve to allow air to enter chest upon exhalation
D)Act as a one-way valve to allow air to exit chest upon exhalation
Q2) Acute lung injury or acute respiratory distress syndrome is likely to develop following blunt chest trauma if
A)The injury severity score is <25
B)There is hypotension on admission
C)Patient is 15 to 25 years of age
D)Crackles are heard on inspiration
Q3) Your chest trauma patient has a PaO<sub>2 </sub>of 55 mmHg,a PaCO<sub>2</sub> of 58 mmHg,and a pH of 7.19. Her respirations are 36/min and shallow.Which of the following is the most appropriate next step?
A)Mechanical ventilation using assist-control with sedation
B)NPPV using BiPAP with settings initially at 12/4,and 3 L/min O<sub>2</sub> bleed in C)CPAP with an FIO<sub>2 </sub>of 0.40
D)High-flow non-rebreathing mask
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 14
Chapter 13: Postoperative Atelectasis
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
18 Verified Questions
18 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75725
Sample Questions
Q1) What abnormalities would be seen in bedside spirometry tests for the patient with severe atelectasis?
A)Reduced vital capacity
B)Reduced inspiratory capacity
C)Reduced FEV1/FVC
D)A and B only
Q2) What therapy is often very effective in treating lobar atelectasis in the postoperative patient?
A)A short,vigorous course of chest physical therapy
B)IPPB
C)CPAP with humidity therapy
D)Simulated coughing
Q3) Which two physical examination findings are commonly seen in patients with postoperative atelectasis?
A)Fever and cough
B)Tachypnea and cough
C)Tachypnea and late-inspiratory crackles
D)Bronchial breath sounds and bradypnea
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
15
Chapter 14: Interstitial Lung Disease
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75724
Sample Questions
Q1) The most common form of ILD is
A)Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis
B)Sarcoidosis
C)Berylliosis
D)Silicotuberculosis
Q2) In ILD,damaged type I cells are replaced by
A)Fibrin deposits from inflammatory cells
B)Alveolar macrophages
C)Secretory type II cells
D)None of the above
Q3) Which type of cell is responsible for most of the alveolar lining?
A)Alveolar macrophage
B)Type I cell
C)Type II cell
D)Clara cell
Q4) Nitroturantoin,a well-known cause of ILD,belongs to which class of drugs?
A)Antibiotics
B)Chemotherapeutics
C)Anti-inflammatory
D)Cardiovascular
Page 16
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 15: Neuromuscular Diseases
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
28 Verified Questions
28 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75723
Sample Questions
Q1) What test or measurement is used to confirm the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis?
A)Spinal protein levels
B)Tensilon test
C)CT scans of the brain
D)Blood sedimentation rate
Q2) Where does the phrenic nerve arise from the spine?
A)C1 to C2
B)C3 to C5
C)C5 to C7
D)T1 to T3
Q3) What is the response of the central (medullary)chemoreceptors to hypoxemia?
A)None
B)Brisk in contrast to the peripheral chemoreceptors
C)Slower but more sustained response than the peripheral chemoreceptors
D)Response augmented when hypercapnia also present
Q4) What neurotransmitter is operable at the respiratory neuromuscular junctions?
A)Acetylcholine
B)Norepinephrine
C)Dopamine
D)Epinephrine
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 17
Chapter 16: Bacterial Pneumonia
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75722
Sample Questions
Q1) All of these are pulmonary factors that can predispose to pneumonia except:
A)Asthma
B)Smoking
C)Pulmonary hypertension
D)Bronchial obstruction by tumor
Q2) Which of these is not a pathway for organisms to enter the lungs in the adult?
A)Aspiration
B)From the blood
C)Inhalation
D)From the lymphatic system
Q3) Which of these organisms is not a cause of pneumonia?
A)Viruses
B)Fungi
C)Algae
D)Bacteria
Q4) What type of pneumonia is especially frequent in AIDS patients?
A)Varicella zoster
B)Pneumocystis carinii
C)Staphylococcus aureus
D)Pseudomonas aeruginosa
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 18
Chapter 17: Pneumonia in the Immunocompromised Patient
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
26 Verified Questions
26 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75721
Sample Questions
Q1) Where do polymorphonuclear cells originate?
A)Spleen
B)Thymus
C)Lymph nodes
D)Bone marrow
Q2) Which of these immune deficiencies leads to chronic,recurrent pulmonary infections?
A)Selective IgA deficiency
B)AIDS
C)Neither A nor B
D)Both A and B
Q3) Which antibody goes on to be the major one fighting an infection?
A)IgD
B)IgE
C)IgG
D)IgM
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 19
Chapter 18: Sleep Disordered Breathing
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
22 Verified Questions
22 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75720
Sample Questions
Q1) Your patient has an apnea/hypopnea index of 36.How severe is the problem in this case?
A)Mild
B)Moderate
C)Severe
D)Very severe
Q2) The Epworth sleepiness scale is used to measure the degree of daytime sleepiness.What score suggests excessive daytime sleepiness?
A)11
B)15
C)20
D)All the above
Q3) Why do patients with obstructive sleep apnea complain of excessive daytime sleepiness?
A)CO<sub>2</sub> build up during sleep makes the brain abnormal
B)Sleep is normal,but patient perception is not
C)Sleep is very fragmented
D)Nobody knows
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 20
Chapter 19: Tuberculosis
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75719
Sample Questions
Q1) What percent of new TB cases diagnosed each year around the world are from the United States?
A)4%
B)12%
C)18%
D)24%
Q2) What arterial blood gas findings are typical for the patient with dormant TB lung infection?
A)Moderate hypoxemia
B)Mild hypercapnia
C)Metabolic acidosis
D)None of the above
Q3) The spread of TB can occur through all the following mechanisms except:
A)Active TB patient coughing near other people
B)Ingestion of unpasteurized milk from infected cattle
C)Contact with fomites
D)Direct inoculation through the skin
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 21
Chapter 20: Lung Cancer
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
26 Verified Questions
26 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75718
Sample Questions
Q1) Transbronchial needle aspiration to obtain tumor cells employs a needle passed through what type of artificial airway?
A)Tracheostomy
B)Bronchoscope
C)Oral endotracheal tube
D)Oropharyngeal airway
Q2) What has long been the gold standard among staging tests of mediastinal lymph nodes and offers possibility of biopsy?
A)Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy
B)Direct laryngoscopy
C)Mediastinoscopy
D)Pleurocentesis
Q3) Your patient has been determined to have this stage - TX,NO MO - in his lung cancer.What should be recommended?
A)Nothing.Cancer is totally metastasized
B)Imaging and bronchoscopy to ascertain site and nature of the tumor
C)Immediate surgery accompanied by chemotherapy and radiation therapy
D)None of the above
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.