Advanced Pathophysiology and Assessment Test Bank
Course Introduction
Advanced Pathophysiology and Assessment is a graduate-level course designed to deepen students understanding of the complex physiological processes underlying human disease. The course integrates concepts of cellular and systemic pathophysiology across the lifespan, emphasizing mechanisms of disease presentation and progression. Students learn to critically assess patient signs and symptoms, synthesize clinical findings, and correlate them with pathophysiological processes. Through case studies and evidence-based practice, students develop advanced skills in patient assessment, clinical reasoning, and diagnostic decision-making, preparing them to identify deviations from normal health states and formulate comprehensive care strategies.
Recommended Textbook
Advanced Assessment Interpreting Findings and Formulating Differential Diagnoses 3rd Edition
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20 Chapters
571 Verified Questions
571 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/3772 Page 2
Chapter 1: Assessment and Clinical Decision-Making: Overview
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10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75257
Sample Questions
Q1) Which type of clinical decision-making is most reliable?
A) Intuitive
B) Analytical
C) Experiential
D) Augenblick
Answer: B
Q2) If a diagnostic study has high specificity,this indicates a:
A) Low percentage of healthy individuals will show a normal result
B) High percentage of healthy individuals will show a normal result
C) High percentage of individuals with a disorder will show a normal result
D) Low percentage of individuals with a disorder will show an abnormal result
Answer: B
Q3) The following can be used to assist in sound clinical decision-making:
A) Algorithm published in a peer-reviewed journal article
B) Clinical practice guidelines
C) Evidence-based research
D) All of the above
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: An Overview of Genetic Assessment
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22 Verified Questions
22 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75256
Sample Questions
Q1) Your 2-year-old patient shows facial features,such as epicanthal folds,up-slanted palpebral fissures,single transverse palmar crease,and a low nasal bridge.These are referred to as:
A) Variable expressivity related to inherited disease
B) Dysmorphic features related to genetic disease
C) De novo mutations of genetic disease
D) Different penetrant signs of genetic disease
Answer: B
Q2) Which population is at highest risk for the occurrence of aneuploidy in offspring?
A) Mothers younger than 18
B) Fathers younger than 18
C) Mothers over age 35
D) Fathers over age 35
Answer: C
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4
Chapter 3: Skin
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25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75255
Sample Questions
Q1) What kind of lesions are caused by the herpes simplex virus?
A) Scales
B) Vesicles
C) Plaques
D) Urticaria
Answer: B
Q2) A patient presents with vesicles on a reddened base in a symmetrical pattern on the lower neck and upper back,stating that he had noticed discomfort prior to the onset of the "rash." Which of the following should be considered in your differential diagnosis?
A) Dermatitis herpetiformis
B) Herpes zoster
C) Dishydrosis
D) Contact dermatitis
Answer: A
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5
Chapter 4: Head,face,and Neck
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75254
Sample Questions
Q1) A patient complains of burning,epigastric pain,and regurgitation of food when lying flat.It is important to recognize that these symptoms are common in:
A) Gastroesophageal reflux disease
B) Neuromuscular disorders
C) Esophageal cancer
D) Achalasia
Q2) A patient with a positive Lyme titer presents with left-sided unilateral facial droop and inability to close the left eye.This is most likely due to:
A) Trigeminal neuralgia
B) Temporomandibular joint syndrome
C) Multiple sclerosis
D) Bell's palsy
Q3) A patient complains of pain with chewing,earache,and grinding her teeth when asleep.These are symptoms of:
A) Temporomandibular joint syndrome
B) Trigeminal neuralgia
C) Facial nerve palsy
D) Angina
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Chapter 5: The Eye
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25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75253
Sample Questions
Q1) A patient presents with eye redness,scant discharge,and a gritty sensation.Your examination reveals the palpable preauricular nodes,which are most likely with:
A) Bacterial conjunctivitis
B) Allergic conjunctivitis
C) Chemical conjunctivitis
D) Viral conjunctivitis
Q2) A 9-month-old patient presents with fever and large areas of redness and bullae over the trunk,palms,legs,and sole of the feet.There is redness and swelling of the conjunctiva and lips.The clinician should recognize this condition as:
A) Giant cell arteritis
B) Stevens-Johnson syndrome
C) Botulism
D) Myasthenia gravis
Q3) It is important to not dilate the eye if is suspected.
A) Cataract
B) Macular degeneration
C) Acute closed-angle glaucoma
D) Chronic open-angle glaucoma
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Chapter 6: Ear, nose, mouth, and Throat
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29 Verified Questions
29 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75252
Sample Questions
Q1) Your patient is a 78-year-old female with a smoking history of 120-pack years.She complains of hoarseness that has developed over the last few months.It is important to exclude the possibility of:
A) Thrush
B) Laryngeal cancer
C) Carotidynia
D) Thyroiditis
Q2) A patient presents to the emergency department due to head trauma related to a motorcycle accident.On physical examination,you note clear,serous discharge from the ear.This is commonly a sign of:
A) Basilar skull fracture
B) Injury of the auricle
C) Otitis discharge
D) Tympanic membrane perforation
Q3) Which of the following symptoms is common with acute otitis media?
A) Bulging tympanic membrane
B) Bright light reflex of tympanic membrane
C) Increased tympanic membrane mobility
D) All of the above
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Cardiac and Peripheral Vascular Systems
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57 Verified Questions
57 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75251
Sample Questions
Q1) An atrial septal defect (ASD)causes a left to right shunt,which enlarges the right atrium.Because of this effect,which of the following conditions often occur with ASD?
A) Asthma
B) Jugular venous distension
C) Atrial fibrillation
D) B & C
Q2) Which is the most specific and sensitive test for validating a myocardial infarction?
A) 12-lead EKG
B) Troponin
C) CK-MB
D) CT scan
Q3) To distinguish a physiologic split S<sub>2</sub> heart sound,it is best to listen with the stethoscope at:
A) Left fifth intercostal space midclavicular line
B) Fourth intercostal space left sternal border with patient holding his or her breath
C) Second intercostal space left sternal border with inspiration
D) Fourth intercostal space right sternal border with expiration
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9
Chapter 8: Respiratory System
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25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75250
Sample Questions
Q1) During physical examination of a patient,you note resonance on percussion in the upper lung fields.This is consistent with:
A) COPD
B) Pneumothorax
C) A normal finding
D) Pleural effusion
Q2) When palpating the posterior chest,the clinician notes increased tactile fremitus over the left lower lobe.This can be indicative of:
A) Pneumonia
B) Emphysema
C) Pneumothorax
D) Asthma
Q3) Which of the following is characteristic of COPD?
A) Asymmetric chest expansion
B) Increased lateral diameter
C) Increased anterior-posterior diameter
D) Pectus excavatum
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10
Chapter 9: Breasts
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75249
Sample Questions
Q1) A 12-year-old boy is brought into the clinic by his mother.The teen boy is embarrassed because he has developed breast tissue and would like to know if there is any treatment.The physical examination reveals early stages of puberty,otherwise it is normal.This presentation is:
A) Associated with a high rate of malignancy
B) Most often due to altered hormonal levels in puberty
C) Commonly indicative of pituitary tumor triggered by puberty
D) Too dense for a mammogram and requires biopsy
Q2) A 23-year-old woman is concerned about a mass she found on palpation.Upon examination of the patient,the mass feels cystic,round,and mobile with discrete borders.The diagnostic study that is recommended is:
A) CT scan
B) Mammogram
C) Biopsy
D) Ultrasound
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11
Chapter 10: Abdomen
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44 Verified Questions
44 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75248
Sample Questions
Q1) Your 5-year-old female patient presents to the emergency department with sore throat,vomiting,ear ache,103 degree fever,photophobia,and nuchal rigidity.She has an episode of projectile vomiting while you are examining her.The clinician should recognize that the following should be done:
A) Abdominal x-ray
B) Fundoscopic examination
C) Lumbar puncture
D) Analysis of vomitus
Q2) A patient presents to the emergency department with nausea and severe,colicky back pain that radiates into the groin.When asked to locate the pain,he points to the right costovertebral angle region.His physical examination is unremarkable.Which of the following lab tests is most important for the diagnosis?
A) Urinalysis
B) Serum electrolyte levels
C) Digital rectal exam
D) Lumbar x-ray
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Chapter 11: Genitourinary System
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75247
Sample Questions
Q1) A 33-year-old female patient visits the clinic multiple times over the last year complaining of dysuria,frequency,urgency,suprapubic pain,and dyspareunia.Her physical examination,including a pelvic exam,is normal.Urinalysis and urine culture is repeatedly negative.Her intravenous pyelogram is also normal.The clinician should recognize that this presentation is consistent with symptoms of:
A) Asymptomatic bacteriuria
B) Upper urinary tract infection
C) Interstitial cystitis
D) Polycystic kidneys
Q2) Your 77-year-old patient complains of frequent urination,hesitation in getting the stream started,and nocturnal frequency of urination that is bothersome.On DRE,there is an enlarged,firm,non-tender,smooth prostate.The clinician should recognize these as symptoms of:
A) Prostatitis
B) Prostate cancer
C) Urethritis
D) Benign prostatic hyperplasia
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Chapter 12: Male Reproductive System
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25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75246
Sample Questions
Q1) Priapism often occurs in male patients with:
A) Sickle cell anemia
B) Low testosterone
C) Diabetes mellitus
D) Autonomic neuropathy
Q2) Which of the following is a biochemical marker for testicular cancer?
A) Carcinogenic antigen 125 (CA-125)
B) Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)
C) Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)
D) Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)
Q3) In Klinefelter's syndrome,males commonly have:
A) Gynecomastia
B) Undeveloped testes
C) Tall height
D) All of the above
Q4) The condition of the penis termed "phimosis" is:
A) Difficulty separating the foreskin from the penis
B) Curvature of the penis when erect
C) Inability of the penis to attain erection
D) Inability of detumescence of the penis
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Female Reproductive System
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44 Verified Questions
44 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75245
Sample Questions
Q1) A 16-year-old female complains of sudden left-sided lower quadrant abdominal pain.Last menstrual period was 2 weeks ago.On physical examination,the abdomen is non-tender with no masses and no organomegaly.Bowel sounds are normal in 4 quadrants.Pelvic examination is within normal limits.Abdominal CT scan is negative.Pregnancy test is negative.These signs and symptoms are consistent with:
A) Ovarian cancer
B) Hydatidiform mole
C) Endometriosis
D) Follicular cyst
Q2) A 38-year-old female complains of having trouble with conception.It is important to ask the patient to:
A) Schedule a date for pelvic exam and Pap smear
B) Chart at least three menstrual cycles
C) Take basal body temperature for 3 cycles
D) B and C
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15
Chapter 14: Musculoskeletal System
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31 Verified Questions
31 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75244
Sample Questions
Q1) A 3-year-old male toddler complains of sudden arm pain.The mother indicated that pain occurred suddenly while his 9-year-old sister was helping him get dressed.The child presents with the arm flexed while protecting his elbow.On physical examination,there is tenderness along the radius with no swelling or evidence of trauma.This is a typical history of:
A) Nursemaid's elbow
B) Epicondylitis
C) Smith fracture
D) Nursery pseudo-fracture
Q2) A 17-year-old male complains of severe right knee pain.He was playing football when he heard a "pop" at the moment of being tackled and his knee "gave away" from under him.On physical examination,there is right knee swelling and decreased range of motion.There is a positive anterior drawer sign.These findings indicate:
A) Knee ligament injury
B) Osgood-Schlatter disease
C) Prepatellar bursitis
D) Chondromalacia patella
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Neurological System
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25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75243
Sample Questions
Q1) In order to test abstract thought on the mental status exam,the clinician can ask:
A) Count by serial 7's backward
B) Spell the word "world" backward
C) Draw a clock that shows 2:30
D) How is your brother-in-law related to you?
Q2) When carrying out a mental status exam on a non-English speaking patient,it is important to have a(n):
A) Patient's family member,who is bilingual,interpret for the patient
B) Objective interpreter ask the questions for the patient
C) Friend of the patient interpret the questions for the patient
D) Any of the above is acceptable
Q3) Spina bifida is a disorder that is associated with a headache syndrome caused by:
A) Chiari malformation
B) Normal pressure hydrocephalus
C) Meningioma
D) Temporal arteritis
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17
Chapter 16: Nonspecific Complaints
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25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75242
Sample Questions
Q1) A 34-year-old male complains of extreme fatigue and weakness,lightheadedness,anorexia,and unintentional weight loss of 20 pounds over the last month.The patient has a history of tuberculosis as a child from age 4.Current tuberculin PPD is pending.On physical examination,the patient is afebrile with heart rate 110 beats/min. ,resps 18 breaths / min,and BP 100/50.He has a tanned complexion,thin and frail looking,and looks younger than stated age.Heart: tachycardia,regular rate and rhythm.Lungs are clear to auscultation.Abdomen non-tender with no organomegaly.Extremities show no significant findings.No neurological deficits.C-x-ray demonstrates area of scar tissue.These signs and symptoms are characteristic of:
A) Congestive heart failure
B) Active tuberculosis
C) Cushing's disease
D) Addison's disease
Q2) Which of the following disorders is associated with unintentional weight loss?
A) Clinical depression
B) Hyperthyroidism
C) Diabetes
D) All of the above
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Chapter 17: Psychiatric Mental Health
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34 Verified Questions
34 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75241
Sample Questions
Q1) Clinical depression with mixed features:
A) Indicates at least three manic symptoms coexist with a major depressive episode
B) Is more prevalent in older adults than adolescents and young adults
C) Decreases the likelihood that the illness exists in a bipolar spectrum
D) All of the above
Q2) It is widely recognized that bereavement-associated depression can last for up to:
A) 6 months
B) 1 year
C) 2 years
D) 5 years
Q3) Abuse of alcohol or street drugs is a frequent cause of:
A) Mania
B) Obsessive-compulsive disorder
C) Depression
D) Hypomania
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Chapter 18: Pediatric Patients
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35 Verified Questions
35 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75240
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following indicates abnormal behavior in a 12-month-old child?
A) No imitating
B) No babbling
C) Inability to walk independently
D) Short attention span
Q2) It recommended that a child use a car seat until .
A) 8 years old or 80 lbs
B) 7 years old or 70 lbs
C) 6 years old or 60 lbs
D) 5 years old or 50 lbs
Q3) The skin lesion that is infected with methicillin-resistant staphylococcus resembles a(n):
A) Insect bite
B) Blister
C) Benign mole
D) Café au lait spot
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Page 20
Chapter 19: Pregnant Patients
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35 Verified Questions
35 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75239
Sample Questions
Q1) A pregnant patient at 5 weeks' gestation reports slight amount of vaginal bleeding.The clinician should recognize that the following laboratory test should be done:
A) Serial HCG levels over the next several days
B) Measurement of estrogen levels
C) Cervical mucus analysis
D) Pap smear for sexually transmitted infection
Q2) The clinician should recognize that in a pregnant patient,the fundus should be at the umbilicus at 20 weeks' gestation and rise by per week until 32 weeks.
A) 3 cm
B) 2 cm
C) 1cm
D) 0.5cm
Q3) When measuring the fundal height,if you find the fundus at the umbilicus,this usually indicates a pregnancy at:
A) 20 weeks
B) 16 weeks
C) 12 weeks
D) 10 weeks
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Page 21
Chapter 20: Older Patients
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25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75238
Sample Questions
Q1) Obesity defined as a BMI greater than is an independent risk factor for functional decline in the elderly patient.
A) 20
B) 24
C) 30
D) 35
Q2) The best indicator of fluid status in the elderly is.
A) Patient thirst
B) Patient weight
C) BUN/creatinine ratio
D) Serum creatinine
Q3) Prior to giving clearance for an older adult to take part in an exercise regimen,the assessment tool should be used by the clinician.
A) Get up and go
B) Tinetti scale
C) PARmed-X
D) PAR-Q
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