Advanced Nursing Research
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Course Introduction
Advanced Nursing Research explores the methodologies, theoretical frameworks, and analytical techniques essential for conducting rigorous nursing research. The course emphasizes the development, appraisal, and application of evidence-based practices to address complex clinical and healthcare challenges. Students will engage in critical analysis of current literature, design research proposals, and utilize ethical principles in human subjects research. This course prepares nurses to lead and contribute to scholarly inquiry, fostering innovation and improving patient outcomes within diverse healthcare settings.
Recommended Textbook
Understanding Nursing Research Building an Evidence Based Practice 5th Edition by Nancy Burns
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518 Verified Questions
518 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which would not be considered evidence for the establishment of an evidence-based protocol for reducing falls in frail elderly people? A report or paper on the:
A) correlational study investigating the use of pain medications and incidence of falls in hospitalized elderly people.
B) ethical position paper on restraining elderly people in extended care facilities.
C) expert opinion statement regarding balance training and therapy.
D) meta-analysis of reporting falls among elderly people in extended care facilities.
Answer: B
Q2) Why can research be considered a "world" of its own? (Choose all that apply.) Because it:
A) involves new rules and new experiences.
B) is a new way of experiencing reality.
C) is conducted in certain geographical areas of the world.
D) requires learning a unique language.
Answer: A, B, D
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Chapter 2: Introduction to the Quantitative Research Process
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Q1) Which of the following definitions best describes rigor in quantitative research?
A) Amount of control and precision exerted by the methodology
B) Degree of aggressiveness used in acquiring the data
C) Process used to synthesize findings to form conclusions from a study
D) Time frame in which the research takes place
Answer: A
Q2) A researcher describes a study as a descriptive study. Which of the following would typically be part of the research methodology for the study?
A) Finding a representative sample
B) Describing a causal effect between the variables
C) Identifying the control group
D) Planning the intervention
Answer: A
Q3) How does a study framework differ from a theory? A framework:
A) can be conveyed through a diagram or map, whereas a theory can not.
B) is a testable theory used by the researcher.
C) is used in applied research, and a theory is used in basic research.
D) needs more explanation than a theory.
Answer: B
Page 4
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Chapter 3: Introduction to the Qualitative Research Process
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Q1) The following research steps could be found in which type of qualitative research? · Identification of the culture to be studied
· Gaining entrance
· Cultural immersion
· Acquiring informants
· Theory development
A) Ethnographic
B) Grounded theory
C) Historical
D) Phenomenological
Answer: A
Q2) External criticism of documents used in historical research asks which of the following questions?
A) Are the documents real or fraudulent?
B) Are the eyewitnesses who provided the information still living?
C) Is the document well known?
D) Is the information in the document interesting?
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Examining Ethics in Nursing Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an example of a study typically exempt from IRB review?
A) Comparison of IV insertion techniques related to incidence of pain
B) Description of levels of spiritual distress in cancer patients
C) Effect of a new antiemetic on nausea in pregnant women
D) Qualitative investigation of drug abusers' experiences in the health care system
Q2) Which organization is responsible for ensuring the humane treatment of animals in research?
A) American Association for Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care
B) American Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
C) Animal Legal Defense Fund
D) Humane Society of the United States
Q3) The provision that research be differentiated to potential subjects as therapeutic or nontherapeutic is a part of the:
A) Declaration of Helsinki.
B) Department of Health, Education, and Welfare regulations.
C) National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects ordinance.
D) Nuremberg Code.
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Chapter 5: Research Problems, Purposes, and Hypotheses
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Q1) What type of hypothesis is the following? "Cancer patients who receive music therapy complain less frequently of pain and require less pain medication than cancer patients not receiving music therapy."
A) Complex, directional
B) Complex, null
C) Simple, associative
D) Simple, nondirectional
Q2) The statement below is an example of which of the following? "In this study, pain is reflected as a score between 0 and 10 on the postoperative pain rating scale."
A) Associative hypothesis
B) Conceptual definition
C) Operational definition
D) Problem statement
Q3) The feasibility of conducting a study is determined by examining which of the following?
A) Availability of subjects
B) Previous studies
C) Researcher's credibility
D) Significance of research problem
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Chapter 6: Understanding the Literature Review in Published Studies
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Q1) Which of the following statements in the critique of a study would indicate to the reader that the study contains information that could assist in implementing new findings into practice?
A) "All the references are current and relevant to the topic of interest. The author is to be commended."
B) "Further study is clearly needed from the lack of agreement among the experts represented in the review of literature."
C) "The literature presented in this review seems to agree that the suggested intervention leads to better patient compliance."
D) "This study does an excellent job of reviewing all the literature on use of compression stockings."
Q2) In conducting a complex search, the researcher's main goal is to:
A) create as long a list of possible sources as possible.
B) establish a baseline of how many studies are available on the topic.
C) find out whether the topic is too difficult for study.
D) focus the literature review.
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Chapter 7: Understanding Theory and Research
Frameworks
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Q1) Which of the following techniques can a reviewer use for assistance when critiquing a published study in the area of theory and research frameworks?
A) Develop an expertise in a particular statistical method to improve analysis ability.
B) Creating a conceptual map of the concepts as described in the study.
C) Reading other research reports to familiarize oneself with the concepts being studied.
D) Writing a well thought-out and well-written study.
Q2) The framework and conceptual map for a study:
A) are always included in the study report.
B) are usually clearly identified in the report.
C) often must be inferred by the reader from the text of the report.
D) should be referred to only at the end of the study.
Q3) Which of the following responses best describes the relational statement that is diagrammed below? Pain perception ¬ (+) anxiety
A) Anxiety causes increased pain perception.
B) Increased perception of pain causes anxiety.
C) Pain perception and anxiety are inversely related.
D) Pain perception and anxiety are positively related to one another.
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Chapter 8: Clarifying Quantitative Research Designs
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Q1) A problem for nurses conducting quasi-experimental or experimental research is that many times a patient cannot ethically be left without a treatment. What is the best solution for this problem?
A) Control for the situation statistically.
B) Create placebo treatments.
C) Ensure all patients receive the standard of care.
D) Use other research designs as often as possible.
Q2) Which of the following must be present in experimental research?
A) A comparison group made up of different subjects
B) Convenience sample of subjects from the population
C) Matching of subjects on demographic characteristics
D) Random assignment of subjects to groups
Q3) A research design is best described as a:
A) blueprint for conducting the study.
B) mechanism to guarantee validity of study findings.
C) methodology used only in quantitative studies.
D) model showing two or more concepts and their proposed relationships.
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Chapter 9: Examining Populations and Samples in Research
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Q1) Which of the following is an example of purposive sampling?
A) The names of all possible subjects are put into a hat, and an adequate number are drawn out.
B) Volunteers are solicited from the entire population, and those who agree become subjects in the study.
C) Sample members are determined by finding a designated number of subjects from each of several identified groups (men, women, high school graduates, etc.).
D) Subjects who have knowledge about the study topic are asked to participate in the study; those who agree become the sample.
Q2) The Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America referred the interested researcher to a local chapter of the organization. The local chapter agreed to send out letters on behalf of the researcher inviting potential subjects to contact the researcher if they are willing to participate in a study. Potential subjects in this situation would be described as the:
A) accessible population.
B) element.
C) sample.
D) target population.
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Chapter 10: Clarifying Measurement and Data Collection in Quantitative Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following can be measured using direct measures?
A) Age, gender, height, and weight
B) Anxiety and coping
C) Opinions and feelings
D) Personality and hardiness
Q2) Consistency is associated with:
A) content analysis.
B) level of measurement.
C) reliability.
D) validity.
Q3) Reliability could be established for a physiological instrument, such as an automatic blood pressure (BP) cuff, by:
A) measuring pulse rate and BP.
B) recalibrating the equipment.
C) taking the BP in a different arm.
D) using another BP cuff to compare results.
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Chapter 11: Understanding Statistics in Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) The information, "t = 9.28 (df = 18)" indicates:
A) that it is unlikely there is a significant difference in scores between groups.
B) that more than two groups of subjects participated in the study.
C) nothing about the statistical significance of the findings.
D) that scores for analysis came from independent groups of subjects.
Q2) Under what condition would the mean, median, and mode be equal?
A) Equal range and standard deviation
B) Multimodal distribution of scores
C) Normal distribution of scores
D) Small variance
Q3) There is a greater risk of making which error with a directional hypothesis?
A) Concluding that there is a difference between groups when there really is no difference
B) Concluding that there is no difference between groups when there is an inverse relationship
C) Concluding that there is no difference between groups when there really is a difference
D) Rejecting the null hypothesis when the measurement error is moderate
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Chapter 12: Critical Appraisal of Quantitative and Qualitative Research for Nursing Practice
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Q1) A researcher explores the following question: Are there differences in energy expenditure between toileting in bed or out of bed in healthy adults and hospitalized patients? Which of the following is the dependent variable?
A) Adult health status
B) Energy expenditure
C) Hospitalized patients
D) Toileting method
Q2) When critiquing qualitative research, it is important to:
A) analyze the researcher's adherence to qualitative standards of investigation.
B) avoid comparison of the study with other published studies to prevent bias.
C) emphasize study strengths over weaknesses.
D) use the same approach for both qualitative and quantitative study critiques.
Q3) The evaluation phase of the critical appraisal process reflects which key study characteristic relevant to implementation of the findings in practice?
A) Internal validity
B) Methodology
C) Quality
D) Sample size
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Chapter 13: Building an Evidence-Based Nursing Practice
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Q1) Which of the following would new BSN graduates do if they wanted to develop an evidence-based practice?
A) Review literature related to the types of patients they see each day.
B) Subscribe to a specialty nursing journal that describes theoretical-based clinical concepts.
C) Submit a grant proposal to try a new method of wound dressing.
D) Write a report in which practices are evidence based on their unit.
Q2) In developing an evidence-based practice, who should the nurse include in any plans to implement a new guideline?
A) CEO of the facility because support from the top is always needed for change to be successful
B) Patients because they must live with the treatment
C) Physicians who may admit patients to the unit where the new practice will be instituted
D) Researchers who provide the evidence
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Chapter 14: Introduction to Outcomes Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) How do clinical guideline panels contribute to outcomes research? Clinical guidelines:
A) conduct a review of the available literature on a condition and send it to the facility for adoption.
B) create health care protocols that incorporate recommended clinical guidelines.
C) critique evidence-based practice for funding purposes.
D) incorporate evidence on health outcomes into recommendations concerning management strategies.
Q2) Which of the following is a key point relating to outcomes research?
A) Outcomes research programs are simplistic and may consist of one or two studies.
B) Strategies must be developed in nursing to disseminate the findings from outcomes studies to the various constituencies needing the information.
C) The goal of outcomes research is to examine the most productive way to provide patient care.
D) The theory on which outcomes research is based was developed by Heidegger.
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