Advanced Clinical Methods
Final Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Advanced Clinical Methods is an in-depth course designed for students pursuing clinical practice in healthcare fields such as psychology, speech-language pathology, or nursing. The course emphasizes evidence-based assessment and intervention strategies, offering practical training in advanced diagnostic techniques, case formulation, treatment planning, and outcome evaluation. Students engage in hands-on experiences, simulations, and critical analysis of complex clinical cases, integrating theoretical knowledge with practical application to enhance their clinical reasoning and decision-making skills. The course also addresses ethical considerations, cultural competence, and emerging technologies, preparing students for leadership roles in advanced clinical settings.
Recommended Textbook
Clinical Psychology Science Practice and Culture 4th Edition by Andrew M. (Mark) Pomerantz
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Chapter 1: Clinical Psychology: Definition and Training
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Q1) Michael's career goal is to become a clinical psychologist who researches the treatment effectiveness of new psychotherapy interventions for bipolar I disorder.He envisions his work setting in academia or at a national research institute.When selecting clinical psychology graduate programs to which he will apply,Michael should focus on programs that adhere to the _____ model of training.
A)scientist-practitioner
B)practitioner-scholar
C)clinical scientist
D)learner-seeker
Answer: C
Q2) The Boulder model of training is also known as the _____ model of training.
A)practitioner-scholar
B)clinical scientist
C)clinical psychologist
D)scientist-practitioner
Answer: D
Q3) The scientist-practitioner model of graduate training is also known as the _____ model.
Answer: Boulder
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Chapter 2: Evolution of Clinical Psychology
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Q1) From roughly 1900 to 1950,the treatment of mental illness
A)did not exist.
B)was conducted primarily by clinical psychologists.
C)was conducted primarily by physicians.
D)was conducted primarily by counseling psychologists.
Answer: C
Q2) David Wechsler is most famous for creating _____.
Answer: an intelligence test designed specifically for adults or the Wechsler-Bellevue test
Q3) What population and what problems were addressed in the first psychological clinic?
Answer: School children;problems in the school setting related to learning or behavior
Q4) The discipline of clinical psychology did not come into existence until
A)around the turn of the 19 century.
B)around the turn of the 20 century.
C)the 1950s.
D)the 1980s.
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Current Controversies in Clinical Psychology
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Q1) Unlike the other 47 states,New Mexico,Louisiana,and Illinois grant _____ to appropriately trained psychologists.
Answer: prescription privileges
Q2) Compared to traditional,in-person forms of psychotherapy,how well does cybertherapy work?
Answer: Approximately as well as in-person forms of psychotherapy for a variety of disorders
Q3) List two applications of technology in clinical psychology.
Answer: Videoconferencing,e-mail,text,interactive Internet sites,online psychotherapy programs,virtual reality,computer-based self-instructional programs,and handheld devices to monitor and interact with clients.
Q4) The use of technology,particularly the Internet,by clinical psychologists is often referred to as _____.
A)conference therapy
B)digital therapy
C)cybertherapy
D)techpsychology
Answer: C
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Chapter 4: Cultural Issues in Clinical Psychology
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Q1) Psychology of Religion,the Society for the Psychological Study of Men and Masculinity,and the Society for the Psychology of Women are examples of A)APA divisions dedicated to cultural issues.
B)organizations that offer graduate certificates in gender and religious studies.
C)for-profit societies that are under investigation by the Better Business Bureau.
D)online forums for discussion of multicultural topics.
Q2) _____ is the acculturation strategy in which the individual rejects both his new and his original cultures.
A)Assimilation
B)Separation
C)Marginalization
D)Integration
Q3) What are the three levels of the tripartite model of personal identity?
Q4) Briefly explain how the height of basketball star Yao Ming illustrates the concept of heterogeneity within a culture.
Q5) _____ is the term used to describe the variability of members within a cultural group.
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Chapter 5: Ethical Issues in Clinical Psychology
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Q1) The landmark court case that established the duty to warn for psychologists was
A)Brown v.The Board of Education
B)Hughes v.The APA Board of Ethics
C)Poddar v.The State of New Mexico
D)Tarasoff v.The Regents of the University of California
Q2) Which of the following is TRUE regarding ethical decision making by clinical psychologists?
A)Consulting with colleagues about ethically challenging situations is recommended,as long as client confidentiality is protected.
B)Consulting with colleagues about ethically challenging situations is recommended,and because the information is being shared with other qualified professionals,the client's confidentiality need not be protected.
C)Consulting with colleagues about ethically challenging situations is generally discouraged.
D)Consulting with colleagues about ethically challenging situations is recommended,provided such colleagues are licensed in the same state as the psychologist with questions.
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Chapter 6: Conducting Research in Clinical Psychology
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Q1) Compared to effectiveness studies,efficacy studies of psychotherapy outcome generally have
A)weaker internal validity.
B)weaker external validity.
C)little or no criteria for who is allowed to participate.
D)significant funding from the American Counseling Association.
Q2) A researcher planning to follow a group of depressed patients over a 20-year period would likely be using a _____ design.
Q3) A study in which participants in a single condition are compared to themselves at various points in time is using a _____ design.
Q4) Dr.Grant is a practicing clinical psychologist who is thinking about using a new treatment for anxiety with patients in his practice.If he is most concerned with how this new treatment works in the real world,Dr.Grant will be most interested in published studies that discuss the treatment's _____.
A)efficacy
B)effectiveness
C)power
D)design
Q5) What are two main areas in which clinical psychologists conduct research?
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Chapter 7: Diagnosis and Classification Issues: DSM-5 and More
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Q1) DSM-5 was published in _____.
A)1980
B)1994
C)2001
D)2013
Q2) Attenuated psychosis syndrome
A)is not mentioned in the current DSM.
B)is listed as a proposed criteria set in the "Emerging Measures and Models" section of the current DSM.
C)is listed as an official disorder in the current DSM.
D)is included in the current DSM as a subtype of major depressive disorder.
Q3) The harmful dysfunction theory of mental disorders was developed by _____.
A)Sigmund Freud
B)Jerome Wakefield
C)Emil Kraepelin
D)B)F.Skinner
Q4) List one criticism of recent editions of the DSM.
Q5) What is harmful dysfunction theory?
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Q6) The _____ approach to diagnosis examines where on a continuum a client's symptoms fall.
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Chapter 8: The Clinical Interview
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Q1) Dr.Brox creates a new assessment technique,the Superior Clinical Interval for Therapists (SCIT).We can say the SCIT has _____ if it measures what it claims to measure.We can say the SCIT has _____ if it yields consistent,repeatable results.
A)reliability,validity
B)validity,reliability
C)clinical utility,statistical utility
D)statistical utility,clinical utility
Q2) Whereas a _____ echoes the client's words,a _____ echoes the client's emotions.
A)paraphrase,confrontation
B)paraphrase,reflection of feeling
C)clarification,reflection of feeling
D)conclusion,reflection of feeling
Q3) An element common to all kinds of psychological assessment is _____,which may take the form of a face-to-face meeting or written report.
A)coaching
B)feedback
C)clinical utility
D)validity
Q4) What is the primary purpose of the mental status exam?
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Chapter 9: Intellectual and Neuropsychological Assessment
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Q1) The notion of "g," as proposed by Charles Spearman,suggests that,essentially,
A)intelligence is one thing.
B)intelligence is not one thing,but is many separate,unrelated things.
C)intelligence tests for children must be fundamentally and structurally different than intelligence tests for adults.
D)intelligence remains stable throughout the lifespan.
Q2) Which of the following is TRUE regarding the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales?
A)This test of intelligence has not been revised since the 1960s,and as a result,its content and normative groups have been widely criticized.
B)There are four separate versions of this test corresponding to four different age ranges.
C)Despite its misleading name,the Stanford-Binet was actually created by David Wechsler.
D)The test is to be administered face-to-face and one-on-one.
Q3) The WISC is an appropriate test for a client who is _____ years old.
A)68
B)25
C)11
D)3
Page 12
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Chapter 10: Personality Assessment and Behavioral Assessment
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Q1) Why was the MMPI revised,resulting in the MMPI-2?
Q2) The Psychasthenia scale on the MMPI-2 is a measure of _____.
A)depression
B)anxiety
C)bipolar disorder
D)schizophrenia
Q3) What are the two phases of administration for the Rorschach Inkblot Method?
Q4) What test-construction method was used by the authors of the MMPI-2?
Q5) Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A)The CPI emphasizes positive attributes of personality.
B)The CPI is consistent with the growing movement within the mental health field toward positive psychology.
C)The CPI is widely used in industrial/organizational contexts.
D)The CPI-III yields scores on scales such as Derangement,Anxiety,and Apathy.
Q6) The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-IV (MCMI-IV)emphasizes _____.
A)personality disorders
B)psychotic disorders
C)normal personality traits
D)nonverbal intelligence
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Q7) On what type of test might the item "I enjoy _____" appear?
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Chapter 11: General Issues in Psychotherapy
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Q1) A(n)_____ approach to psychotherapy involves selecting the best treatment for a given client based on empirical data from studies of the treatment of similar clients.
A)integrative
B)psychodynamic
C)eclectic
D)behavioral
Q2) In the stages of change model developed by Norcross,Krebs,and Prochaska (2011),a patient in the _____ stage is aware that a problem exists,considering doing something to address it,but is not ready to commit to any real effort in that direction.
A)precontemplation
B)contemplation
C)preparation
D)action
Q3) In 2010,what was the orientation most endorsed by clinical psychologists?
Q4) A(n)_____ approach to therapy blends techniques to create an entirely new,hybrid form of therapy.
Q5) What is the difference between the efficacy and effectiveness of a form of psychotherapy?
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Chapter 12: Psychodynamic Psychotherapy
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Q1) Reaction formation is a defense mechanism characterized by
A)doing the opposite of the unconscious wish.
B)redirecting the unconscious wish toward a safer target.
C)attributing the unconscious wish to others rather than to the self.
D)denying the entire conflict surrounding the unconscious wish such that the individual never becomes aware of it.
Q2) Free association is to _____ as word association is to _____.
A)Sigmund Freud,Carl Jung
B)Carl Jung,Sigmund Freud
C)Albert Bandura,Alfred Adler
D)Alfred Adler,Albert Bandura
Q3) In which defense mechanism does the ego superimpose an id impulse onto other people around us,allowing us to convince ourselves that the unacceptable impulse belongs to someone else,not ourselves?
Q4) What is a defense mechanism? Name and describe two defense mechanisms.
Q5) What contemporary form of psychodynamic therapy assumes that depression happens in the context of relationships,so improving a patient's relationships with others will facilitate improvement of symptoms in the patient?
Q6) Which Freudian psychosexual stage is associated with the development of control?
Page 16
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Chapter 13: Humanistic Psychotherapy
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Q1) _____ is a pioneer of the humanistic approach to psychotherapy.
A)Sigmund Freud
B)B)F.Skinner
C)Donald Meichenbaum
D)Carl Rogers
Q2) Jill is a 13-year-old girl whose mother loves her "no matter what." According to humanistic psychotherapists,Jill's mother
A)has placed excessive conditions of worth on her daughter.
B)has provided her daughter with conditional positive regard.
C)is moving Jill's real and ideal selves further apart.
D)is providing unconditional positive regard.
Q3) According to Carl Rogers,the therapist's _____ determine(s)the success of therapy.
A)mastery of the techniques of interpreting the client's transference
B)ability to reflect the client's emotions
C)skill in applying positive reinforcement
D)attitude toward the client
Q4) What is the name of the therapy that is derived from the positive psychology movement?
Q5) Name three of the six central principles of motivational interviewing.
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Chapter 14: Behavior Therapy
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Q1) Which of the following places the steps of the scientific method in correct order?
A)Develop hypotheses,test the hypotheses,observe a phenomenon,observe the outcome of the tests,revise the hypotheses
B)Observe a phenomenon,develop hypotheses,test the hypotheses,observe the outcome of the tests,revise the hypotheses
C)Observe a phenomenon,develop hypotheses,revise the hypotheses,test the hypotheses,observe the outcome of the tests
D)Test the hypotheses,observe the outcome of the tests,observe a phenomenon,develop hypotheses,revise the hypotheses
Q2) Behavior therapies
A)have little empirical support to justify their use.
B)do not easily lend themselves to the research process.
C)with empirical support include exposure and response prevention for OCD and parent training for ADHD.
D)are highly effective with children but not adults.
Q3) What are the five stages of behavioral consultation?
Q4) Briefly explain the extinction burst.
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Chapter 15: Cognitive Psychotherapy and Mindfulness-Based Therapies
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Q1) What are the three parts of Beck's cognitive triad? How are the parts of the triad related to mental health?
Q2) Compared to psychodynamic psychotherapy,cognitive psychotherapy tends to
A)require a greater number of sessions.
B)emphasize the past rather than the present.
C)derive its roots from ancient dream analysis techniques.
D)focus on the client's current problems.
Q3) Homework assigned as a part of cognitive therapy
A)often involves attending peer-led workshops.
B)may be written or behavioral.
C)is rarely discussed during subsequent sessions.
D)is best conceptualized as a behavioral activation technique.
Q4) Cognitive psychotherapy
A)has not yet been found efficacious in the treatment of any specific psychological disorders.
B)emphasizes objective measures of psychotherapy outcome to a greater extent than psychodynamic psychotherapy.
C)is less effective than many humanistic approaches.
D)is not a recommended approach for the treatment of personality disorders.
Q5) Briefly describe and explain schema therapy.
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Chapter 16: Group and Family Therapy
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Q1) Briefly describe each of McGoldrick,Carter,and Garcia-Preto's (2011)seven family life cycle stages.
Q2) The notions of family structure,subsystems,and boundaries are important components of the type of family therapy practiced by _____.
A)Salvador Minuchin
B)Murray Bowen
C)Steve deShazer and Insoo Kim Berg
D)Irvin Yalom
Q3) Although psychological symptoms may appear maladaptive,they are often in fact adaptive within the family environment of the individual.Family therapists refer to this idea as _____.
A)triangulation
B)the social microcosm
C)functionalism
D)interpersonal learning
Q4) What do group therapists mean by the term social microcosm?
Q5) List three of Yalom's therapeutic factors for group psychotherapy.
Q6) What type of family therapy uses "solution-talk" and focuses almost exclusively on solutions?
Page 20
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Chapter 17: Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology
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Q1) _____ are standardized paper-and-pencil forms that parents,teachers,or other adults complete regarding a child's presenting problems.
A)Pediatric questionnaires
B)Behavior rating scales
C)Developmental checklists
D)Genograms
Q2) To which of the following assessment tools the TEMAS is most similar in format?
A)SCID
B)MMPI-2
C)TAT
D)WISC-IV
Q3) Which three factors did Grotberg (2003)suggest contribute to resilience in children?
A)Child strengths,parental support,and community involvement
B)External supports,inner strengths,and interpersonal problem-solving skills
C)Peer relationships,educational commitment,and quality of life
D)Social supports,psychological skills,and biological strengths
Q4) How do cognitive-behavioral therapists adapt their techniques to work with children and adolescents? Give at least one specific example.
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Chapter 18: Health Psychology
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Q1) _____,in which multiple types of care are found in one centralized location,have been proposed as a solution for delivering higher quality and more cost-effective primary care.
A)Patient-centered medical homes
B)Primary care clinics
C)Family-centered care houses
D)Government-run medicenters
Q2) _____ is a technique for promoting physical health in which patients write about what they value most in life.
A)Values affirmation
B)Healthful writing
C)Narrative weight management
D)Parable telling
Q3) _____ examine the ways in which psychological processes influence physical well-being and illness.
A)Forensic psychologists
B)Health psychologists
C)Counseling psychologists
D)Social workers
Q4) The _____ controls the release of our body's stress hormone,cortisol.
Page 22
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Chapter 19: Forensic Psychology
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Q1) Forensic psychology is best defined as the application of psychological methods and principles
A)within the legal system.
B)to issues related to physical health.
C)in an inpatient setting.
D)in a private law firm.
Q2) Which of the following statements about the rights of patients who are involuntarily committed is TRUE?
A)In 1975,the Supreme Court ruled that duly licensed psychiatrists can involuntarily commit an individual for up to two years.
B)In 1982's Youngberg v.Romeo,the Supreme Court expanded the rights of involuntarily committed patients to include freedom from unreasonable bodily restraints.
C)An involuntarily committed patient's right to refuse medication cannot be overridden in any circumstances.
D)Until a ruling by a U.S.Appellate Court in 2007,lobotomies were performed on patients housed in most psychiatric facilities.
Q3) What name is given to statistical prediction methods used to predict dangerous?
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