Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support
Exam Practice Tests
Course Introduction
Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (ACLS) is a comprehensive course designed for healthcare professionals who manage cardiac arrest and other cardiovascular emergencies. The course builds on basic life support skills, emphasizing the recognition and early management of respiratory and cardiac arrest, peri-arrest conditions, and stroke. Participants will learn advanced skills in airway management, pharmacology, and the interpretation of electrocardiograms, as well as effective teamwork and communication during resuscitation. The curriculum integrates up-to-date guidelines and evidence-based practices, using simulated clinical scenarios to reinforce key concepts and prepare students for real-life emergencies in both hospital and pre-hospital settings.
Recommended Textbook
ECGs Made Easy 5th Edition by Barbara J Aehlert
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10 Chapters
515 Verified Questions
515 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Anatomy and Physiology
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66 Verified Questions
66 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which side of the heart is a low-pressure system that pumps venous blood to the lungs?
A) Left
B) Right
Answer: B
Q2) __________ is the period during which a heart chamber is contracting and blood is being ejected.
Answer: Systole
Q3) When the left ventricle contracts,freshly oxygenated blood flows through the _____ valve into the _____.
A) aortic; aorta
B) mitral; right atrium
C) tricuspid; right ventricle
D) pulmonic; pulmonary arteries
Answer: A
Q4) Name the two main branches of the left coronary artery.
Answer: The left main coronary artery supplies oxygenated blood to its two primary branches: the left anterior descending (LAD; also called the anterior interventricular)artery and the circumflex artery (CX).
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Chapter 2: Basic Electrophysiology
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Sample Questions
Q1) The period during the cardiac cycle when cells cannot respond to a stimulus,no matter how strong,is called the _____ period.
A) depolarized
B) supranormal
C) relative refractory
D) absolute refractory
Answer: D
Q2) Explain the significance of Einthoven's triangle.
Answer: Einthoven's triangle is a means of illustrating that the two arms and the left leg form the apices of a triangle surrounding the heart.The two apices at the upper part of the triangle represent the points at which the two arms connect electrically with the fluids around the heart.The lower apex is the point at which the left leg connects with the fluids.
Q3) List four major electrolytes that influence cardiac function.
Answer: Sodium,potassium,calcium,and chloride
Q4) An ECG lead that has a positive and negative electrode is called a(n)_____ lead.
Answer: bipolar
Q5) A line between waveforms is called a(n)_____.
Answer: segment
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Chapter 3: Sinus Mechanisms
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45 Verified Questions
45 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The rate of a sinus bradycardia is _____ beats/min.
A) slower than 60
B) 60 to 100
C) 80 to 120
D) faster than 100
Answer: B
Q2) The rate of sinus tachycardia is _____ beats/min.
A) slower than 60
B) 40 to 80
C) 60 to 100
D) faster than 100
Answer: D
Q3) Which of the following may cause a sinus bradycardia?
A) Stress or anxiety
B) Increased sympathetic tone
C) Fever
D) Hypothermia
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Atrial Rhythms
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Sample Questions
Q1) Multifocal atrial tachycardia is another name for atrial fibrillation.
A)True
B)False
Q2) To determine whether the ventricular rhythm on an ECG tracing is regular or irregular,compare _____ intervals.
A) PR
B) R to R
C) TP
D) P to P
Q3) Atrial fibrillation is characterized by _____.
A) one P wave before each QRS and a regular ventricular rate of 60 to 100 beats/min
B) an erratic,wavy baseline and irregular ventricular rhythm
C) "saw-tooth"- or "picket-fence"-shaped waveforms preceding each QRS
D) P waves occurring before,during,or after the QRS complex; when seen,they are inverted
Q4) Most patients with type I atrial flutter develop atrial fibrillation.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Junctional Rhythms
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51 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A junctional escape rhythm occurs because of _____.
A) severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
B) multiple irritable sites firing within the AV junction
C) slowing of the rate of the heart's primary pacemaker
D) intrathoracic pressure changes associated with the normal respiratory cycle
Q2) Which of the following medications increases heart rate by accelerating the SA node discharge rate and blocking the vagus nerve?
A) Digitalis
B) Atropine
C) Amiodarone
D) Beta-blocker
Q3) The atrioventricular (AV)junction consists of the _____.
A) SA and AV nodes
B) AV node and the Purkinje fibers
C) AV node and nonbranching portion of the bundle of His
D) AV node,bundle of His,and the right and left bundle branches
Q4) If the AV junction paces the heart,the electrical impulse must travel in a backward direction to activate the atria.This is called _____ conduction.
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Ventricular Rhythms
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Sample Questions
Q1) Complete the following ECG criteria for an idioventricular rhythm:
QRS duration______________________________
Q2) List four common causes of premature ventricular complexes.
Q3) Which of the following best describes an accelerated idioventricular rhythm (AIVR)?
A) Rapid,chaotic rhythm with no pattern or regularity
B) Gradual alteration in the amplitude and direction of the QRS; atrial rate indiscernible,ventricular rate 150 to 250 beats/min
C) Regular ventricular rhythm with QRS complexes measuring 0.10 seconds or less; P waves may occur before,during or after the QRS; ventricular rate 41 to 60 beats/min
D) Essentially regular ventricular rhythm with QRS complexes measuring 0.12 seconds or greater; atrial rate not discernible; ventricular rate 41 to 100 beats/min
Q4) List four reasons why the ventricles may assume responsibility for pacing the heart.
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Chapter 7: Heart Blocks
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Sample Questions
Q1) The QRS complex associated with a third-degree AV block is always wide.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Second-degree AV block type II is characterized by _____ intervals.
A) irregular P to P
B) irregular R to R
C) regular P to P intervals and regular R to R
D) irregular P to P intervals and irregular R to R
Q3) In second-degree and third-degree AV blocks,_____.
A) P waves occur regularly
B) every other P wave is dropped
C) P waves are periodically dropped
D) there are more QRS complexes than P waves
Q4) Complete the following ECG criteria for first-degree AV block:
Q5) A _____ bundle branch block produces a QS pattern in lead V?.
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Chapter 8: Pacemaker Rhythms
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Sample Questions
Q1) Your patient has a VVI pacemaker.Briefly explain the meaning of each of these letters.
Q2) A demand pacemaker is also known as a _____ pacemaker.
Q3) A(n)_____ _____ is a vertical line on the ECG that indicates the artificial pacemaker has discharged.
Q4) Explain the difference between electrical capture and mechanical capture.
Q5) In pacing,rate modulation refers to _____.
A) the ability of a pacemaker to recognize and respond to intrinsic electrical activity
B) the minimum level of electrical current needed to consistently depolarize the myocardium
C) the ability of a pacemaker to increase the pacing rate in response to physical activity or metabolic demand
D) a pacing lead with a single electrical pole at the distal tip of the pacing lead through which the stimulating pulse is delivered.
Q6) Your patient has a DDD pacemaker.Briefly explain the meaning of each of these letters.
Q7) Explain the benefits of a dual-chamber pacemaker.
Q8) Describe what is meant by the term overdrive pacing.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Introduction to the 12-Lead ECG
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Sample Questions
Q1) Where should the positive electrode for lead V<sub>5</sub> be positioned?
A) Right side of the sternum,fourth intercostal space
B) Left midaxillary line at the same level as V<sub>4</sub>
C) Left side of the sternum,fourth intercostal space
D) Left anterior axillary line at the same level as V<sub>4</sub>
Q2) When you read a 12-lead ECG from left to right,the ECG tracing is continuous.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Lead II views the _____ wall of the left ventricle.
A) anterior
B) inferior
C) septal
D) lateral
Q4) Where should the positive electrode for lead V<sub>1</sub> be positioned?
A) Right side of the sternum,fourth intercostal space
B) Left midaxillary line at the same level as V<sub>4</sub>
C) Left side of the sternum,fourth intercostal space
D) Left anterior axillary line at the same level as V<sub>4</sub>
Q5) Describe the appearance of a pathologic Q wave.
Q6) Explain the meaning of the letters in aVR,aVL,and aVF.
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Chapter 10: Post-Test
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Sample Questions
Q1) When is the term intraventricular conduction delay used?
Q2) Atrial fibrillation is characterized by _____.
A) an erratic,wavy baseline and irregular ventricular rhythm
B) "saw-tooth"- or "picket-fence"-shaped waveforms preceding each QRS
C) one P wave before each QRS and a regular ventricular rate of 60 to 100 beats/min
D) P waves occurring before,during,or after the QRS complex; when seen,they are inverted
Q3) The term acute coronary syndromes refers to patients presenting with ischemic chest pain.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following leads are anatomically contiguous?
A) II,V<sub>2</sub>
B) II,III,V<sub>3</sub>
C) I,V<sub>3</sub>,V<sub>4</sub>
D) V<sub>2</sub>,V<sub>3</sub>,V<sub>4</sub>
Q5) Each small box on ECG paper represents _____ seconds.
Q6) An accessory pathway that has one end attached to normal conductive tissue is called a(n)_____ _____.
Page 12
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