Advanced Cardiac Life Support
Practice Exam
Course Introduction
Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) is an intensive course designed for healthcare professionals to develop the knowledge and skills necessary to assess and manage patients experiencing cardiovascular emergencies such as cardiac arrest, stroke, and acute coronary syndromes. Emphasizing evidence-based protocols, this course covers advanced airway management, pharmacology, electrical therapy, and effective team dynamics in critical situations. Hands-on simulations and scenario-based training prepare participants to recognize life-threatening arrhythmias, initiate appropriate interventions, and coordinate resuscitation efforts, ultimately improving patient outcomes in advanced cardiac emergencies.
Recommended Textbook ECGs Made Easy 6th Edition by Barbara J Aehlert
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10 Chapters
507 Verified Questions
507 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Anatomy and Physiology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Blood flows from the right atrium through the _____ valve into the right ventricle.
A) mitral
B) aortic
C) pulmonic
D) tricuspid
Answer: D
Q2) Typically results when the heart's demand for oxygen exceeds its supply from the coronary circulation.
A)Acute coronary syndromes
B)Chronotropic
C)Tamponade
D)Chemoreceptors
E)Mediastinum
F)Myocardial ischemia
G)Venous return
H)Baroreceptors
I)Calcium
Answer: F
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Chapter 2: Basic Electrophysiology
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Sample Questions
Q1) The PR interval is considered prolonged if it is more than _____ seconds in duration.
A) 0.06
B) 0.12
C) 0.18
D) 0.20
Answer: D
Q2) Tall, peaked T waves observed on the ECG are most commonly seen in patients with _____.
A) hypokalemia
B) hyperkalemia
C) hyponatremia
D) hypernatremia
Answer: B
Q3) On the ECG, what do the ST segment and T wave represent?
Answer: On the ECG, the ST segment represents early ventricular repolarization and the T wave presents ventricular repolarization.
Q4) List four major electrolytes that influence cardiac function.
Answer: Sodium, potassium, calcium, and chloride.
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Chapter 3: Sinus Mechanisms
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Sample Questions
Q1) Management of a patient with a sinus tachycardia might include _____.
A) identification and treatment of the underlying cause
B) administration of atropine
C) use of a pacemaker
D) vagal maneuvers, such as carotid sinus pressure
Answer: A
Q2) Which of the following correctly reflects the ECG criteria for a sinus rhythm?
A) More P waves than QRS complexes
B) P waves that look alike and upright in lead II, one before each QRS complex
C) Irregular atrial and ventricular rhythm
D) PR interval exceeding 0.20 second
Answer: B
Q3) Which of the following may cause a sinus bradycardia?
A) Stress or anxiety
B) Increased sympathetic tone
C) Fever
D) Hypothermia
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Atrial Rhythms
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sometimes, when a premature atrial complex (PAC) occurs very prematurely and close to the T wave of the preceding beat, only a P wave may be seen with no QRS after it (appearing as a pause). This type of PAC is termed a _____ PAC.
Q2) The presence of an accessory pathway should be considered in atrial fibrillation with a ventricular rate faster than 180 beats/min.
A)True
B)False
Q3) PACs associated with a wide QRS complex are called __________ PACs, indicating that conduction through the ventricles is abnormal.
Q4) A wandering atrial pacemaker rhythm with a ventricular rate of 60 to 100/min may also be referred to as _____.
A) atrial flutter
B) atrial fibrillation
C) multifocal atrial tachycardia
D) multiformed atrial rhythm
Q5) Delivery of an electrical current timed for delivery during the QRS complex is called
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Chapter 5: Junctional Rhythms
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Sample Questions
Q1) Depending on the severity of the patient's signs and symptoms, management of slow rhythms originating from the AV junction may require intervention including _____.
A) defibrillation
B) intravenous atropine
C) synchronized cardioversion
D) vagal maneuvers or adenosine, or both
Q2) A beat originating from the AV junction that appears later than the next expected sinus beat is called a(n) _______________.
Q3) Adenosine is the drug of choice when treating a symptomatic patient with a junctional rhythm at a rate of 40 beats/min.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A beat originating from the AV junction that appears later than the next expected sinus beat is called a _____.
A) junctional escape beat
B) period of SA block
C) premature junctional complex (PJC)
D) premature atrial complex (PAC)
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Chapter 6: Ventricular Rhythms
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Sample Questions
Q1) List four common causes of premature ventricular complexes.
Q2) List three potential sites of origin of ectopic beats.
Q3) Which of the following best describes an accelerated idioventricular rhythm (AIVR)?
A) Rapid, chaotic rhythm with no pattern or regularity
B) Gradual alteration in the amplitude and direction of the QRS; atrial rate indiscernible, ventricular rate 150 to 250 beats/min
C) Regular ventricular rhythm with QRS complexes measuring 0.10 second or less; P waves may occur before, during, or after the QRS; ventricular rate 41 to 60 beats/min
D) Essentially regular ventricular rhythm with QRS complexes measuring 0.12 second or greater; atrial rate not discernible; ventricular rate 41 to 100 beats/min
Q4) List four reasons when the ventricles may assume responsibility for pacing the heart.
Q5) Medications to suppress an idioventricular rhythm should generally be avoided.
A)True
B)False
Q6) What is the name given to polymorphic VT that occurs in the presence of a long QT interval?
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Chapter 7: Atrioventricular Blocks
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Sample Questions
Q1) Indicate the ECG criteria for the following dysrhythmias: \(\begin{array}{|l|l|l} & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Third-Degree AV } \\
\text { Block }
\end{array} & 2: 1 \text { AV Block } \\
\hline \text { Ventricular } & & \\
\hline \text { Rhythm } & & \\
\hline \text { PR interval } & & \\
\hline \text { QRS width } & & \end{array}\)
Q2) In 2:1 AV block, _____.
A) the atrial rhythm (P-P interval) is regular
B) the ventricular rhythm (R-R interval) is irregular
C) the PR interval lengthens until a P wave appears with no QRS complex
D) there is no PR interval because the atria and ventricles beat independently of each other
Q3) A _____ bundle branch block produces a QS pattern in lead V<sub>1</sub>.
Q4) A _____ bundle branch block produces a RSR pattern in lead V<sub>1</sub>.
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Chapter 8: Pacemaker Rhythms
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Sample Questions
Q1) In pacing, rate modulation refers to _____.
A) the ability of a pacemaker to recognize and respond to intrinsic electrical activity
B) the minimum level of electrical current needed to consistently depolarize the myocardium
C) the ability of a pacemaker to increase the pacing rate in response to physical activity or metabolic demand
D) a pacing lead with a single electrical pole at the distal tip of the pacing lead through which the stimulating pulse is delivered.
Q2) A(n) __________ is a vertical line on the ECG that indicates the artificial pacemaker has discharged.
Q3) The first letter of the pacemaker identification code represents _____.
A) the chamber sensed
B) the chamber paced
C) the mode of response
D) programmable functions
Q4) Your patient has a VVI pacemaker. Briefly explain the meaning of each of these letters.
Q5) Explain the difference between electrical capture and mechanical capture.
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Introduction to the 12-Lead Electrocardiogram
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the appearance of a pathologic Q wave.
Q2) Placement of right chest leads is identical to the standard chest leads except on the right side of the chest.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Normal electrical axis lies between _____ degrees.
A) -30 and +90
B) +90 and +180
C) -91 and -180
D) -1 and -90
Q4) Lead I views the _____.
A) septum
B) inferior wall of the left ventricle
C) lateral wall of the left ventricle
D) anterior wall of the right ventricle
Q5) The axes of leads I, II, and III form an equilateral triangle with the heart at the center (Einthoven's triangle). If the augmented limb leads are added to this configuration and the axes of the six leads moved in a way in which they bisect each other, the result is the
Page 11
Q6) The coronary arteries originate at the base of the _____.
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Chapter 10: Posttest
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Sample Questions
Q1) A _____ bundle branch block produces a QS pattern in lead V<sub>1</sub>.
Q2) Explain the difference between a PVC and a ventricular escape beat.
Q3) The left atrium receives blood from the _____.
A) aorta
B) pulmonary veins
C) pulmonary arteries
D) inferior vena cava
Q4) Depolarization is the same as contraction.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Anterior wall myocardial infarctions are most often a result of an occlusion of a branch of the _____ coronary artery.
A) left
B) right
Q6) An accessory pathway that has one end attached to normal conductive tissue is called a(n) __________.
Q7) Explain the benefits of a dual-chamber pacemaker.
Q8) A beat originating from the AV junction that appears later than the next expected sinus beat is called a(n) _______________.
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