Advanced Canadian Politics
Exam Answer Key
Course Introduction
Advanced Canadian Politics provides an in-depth analysis of the political institutions, processes, and issues shaping Canadas governance. The course explores topics such as federalism, the constitution, the evolution of political parties, regionalism, Indigenous politics, policy-making, and the impact of globalization on Canadian sovereignty. Students critically examine contemporary and historical debates, focusing on the complexities of Canadas multicultural society, bilingualism, and the relationship between provincial and federal governments. Through case studies and policy analysis, the course encourages engagement with current political challenges and developments, fostering a nuanced understanding of the Canadian political landscape.
Recommended Textbook
Canadian Politics Critical Approaches 7th Edition by Rand Dyck
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The study of politics
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Q1) According to the institutional approach, what are the two main elements of politics and government that are considered to be the main essence of political analysis?
A)institutions and the constitution
B)bureaucracy and law
C)constitution and law
D)bureaucracy and courts
Answer: C
Q2) The behaviour of individual politicians is an example of the political psychology approach.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) The state-centred approach views those individuals endowed with the authority to formulate and implement public policies as basically autonomous from the rest of society.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 2: Institutional foundations and the evolution of the state
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Q1) The word "confederation" used by the Fathers of Confederation is actually the opposite of its intended meaning.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) The ultimate independence of Canada is usually attributed to developments connected to the First World War.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) The role of government in Canada most extensive in the early 1980s.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) What is the significance of the Royal Proclamation of 1763?
A)It transferred control of Quebec from France to Britain.
B)It created a legislative assembly in Quebec.
C)It attempted to protect the interests of Aboriginal peoples.
D)It combined French civil law with British criminal law.
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: Regionalism
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Q1) About 75 percent of Canada's population lives in the provinces of Ontario and Quebec.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Which theory emphasizes the importance of natural resources to the Canadian national economy?
A)Keynesian economic
B)public choice
C)metropolitan-hinterland
D)staples
Answer: D
Q3) Reciprocal payments are unconditional grants to have-not provinces based on provincial need.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 4: Aboriginal peoples
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Q1) Which statement best describes Aboriginal self-government principles?
A)Self-government will be exercised within the existing Canadian constitution and in the international sense.
B)Aboriginal self-governments will comply with their own set of Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
C)Aboriginal peoples will have the option to retain citizenship in Canada.
D)The inherent right to self-government is an existing Aboriginal right that is already recognized under the Canadian constitution.
Q2) Which document best supports the ideal of Aboriginal self-government?
A)the Constitution Act, 1982
B)the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples
C)the Indian Act
D)the White Paper
Q3) Compare and contrast the three main governance options that address the condition of Aboriginal life in Canada.Which of these options best benefits the Aboriginal people in Canada?
Q4) Europeans were originally attracted to Canada by its military significance.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: french canada and the quebec question
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Q1) The limit on Bill 178 was 5 years.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Pierre Trudeau opposed the "special status" or "distinct society" approach for Quebec.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The Supreme Court of Canada imposed official bilingualism in British Columbia.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What did the federal Official Languages Act do?
A)It allowed the public to deal with government offices in Ottawa in either English or French.
B)It allowed the public to deal with federal government offices anywhere in Canada in English or French.
C)It required all new federal employees to be bilingual.
D)It required all federal employees to receive language training in either French or English.
Q5) What are some of the characteristics that make Quebec distinct?
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Chapter 6: Ethnocultural minorities
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Q1) What amendment was made to the Immigration Act in the 1960s?
A)to give preference to Caucasian applicants
B)to give preference to Caribbean applicants
C)to remove previous discriminatory provisions
D)to give preference to extended families
Q2) What are some of the advancements in Canadian policies that have contributed toward creating equality and overcoming discrimination among ethnic Canadians?
Q3) Since the new EI reforms were introduced in 2012, the government claims that employers must show equal treatment to both unemployed Canadians and foreign workers.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which urban area has the largest composition of non-Caucasians?
A)Toronto
B)Vancouver
C)Montreal
D)Calgary
Q5) In recent years, the bulk of immigrants to Canada have come from the Caribbean.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Gender
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Q1) As a result of a 2003 Court of Appeal decision in Ontario, same-sex partners were allowed to marry.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What is the significance of Section 28 of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms?
A)It provides equality for all people, regardless of age, race, or religion.
B)It protects women's rights from use of the notwithstanding clause.
C)It allows provincial governments to infringe on equality rights of minorities.
D)It protects the French language and culture outside Quebec.
Q3) What were the main concerns of first-wave feminists?
Q4) The "second wave" of the women's movement began about 1945.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What was the significance of the Halpern v.Canada case?
A)The Supreme Court ruled in favour of Aboriginal fishing rights.
B)The BC Court of Appeal recognized the Nisga'a land title.
C)The Supreme Court ruled that women were not considered "persons" under the law.
D)The Ontario Court of Appeal ruled the immediate recognition of same-sex marriages.
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Chapter 8: Class
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Q1) Class-consciousness in Canada is weakest among the new middle class.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which group does NOT belong under the petite bourgeoisie class?
A)small business people
B)affluent farmers
C)self-employed professionals
D)civil servants
Q3) List five suggestions for how governments could improve the lot of the poor.
Q4) Explain the term "corporate welfare."
Q5) The Liberal government introduced the Unemployment Act in 1940.
A)True
B)False
Q6) What program is NOT part of the Canada Health and Social Transfer (CHST)?
A)health
B)post-secondary education
C)rehabilitation
D)welfare
Q7) What does it mean to be "class-conscious? How does this sentiment affect the working and poor classes in Canada?
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Chapter 9: Other cleavages and identities: urban/rural location,
religion, and age
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Q1) Which of the following groups is currently least likely to experience political conflict with each other?
A)Christians and non-Christians
B)Religious and non-religious groups
C)Christians and Muslims
D)Catholics and Protestants
Q2) Quebec has maintained a separate school system based on religious affiliation.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The current fertility rates in Canada average at 1.5 births per woman.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What issue will be most pressing for seniors in the future?
A)health care
B)Old Age Security
C)housing
D)mandatory retirement
Q5) What are some of the historical concerns of seniors within the Canadian political system?
Q6) How is party preference split between urban and rural areas? Page 11
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Chapter 10: CanadaS external environment: the united states and the world
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Q1) Which of the following is a Crown corporation?
A)National Energy Program
B)Canadian Radio-Television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC)
C)Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission
D)Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC)
Q2) How have international terrorism events, such as 9/11, affected Canadian domestic and foreign policy?
Q3) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of globalization?
A)comprehensive free trade agreements
B)mega-mergers of large transnational corporations
C)removal of state controls on corporate behaviour
D)decreasing the mobility of capital
Q4) Chapter 21 is the clause in the NAFTA treaty that allows a foreign company to sue a country on the ground that government policies reduced its profits.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What have been the results of the Free Trade agreement and NAFTA for Canada?
Page 13
Q6) Name five of the principle characteristics of globalization.
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Chapter 11: The Canadian Political Culture
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Q1) The principle of "one person, one vote" is a minimal expression of political equality.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Explain two of the five values that constitute the traditional Canadian political culture.
Q3) Three of the most significant cases involving a serious infringement of political freedom occurred at the federal level.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Canadians are more egalitarian than Americans.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Seymour Martin Lipset coined the "fragment theory".
A)True
B)False
Q6) Pluralists deride the notion of "one person, one vote" as a genuine measure of political equality.
A)True
B)False
Page 14
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Chapter 12: Political socialization, the mass media, and
Public opinion polls
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Q1) Spin doctors are lobbyists who work for the government.
A)True
B)False
Q2) How is the media involved in political agenda-setting?
Q3) The Harper government has been maintaining strict control over the flow of information and therefore, has been less accessible to reporters.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following is NOT a technique of news management?
A)the free flow of information on government operations
B)news leaks and trial balloons
C)government secrecy
D)strategic timing and distribution of information
Q5) Explain the class-analysis approach toward political socialization.
Q6) Which of the following increases a person's degree of political participation?
A)newspaper consumption
B)television viewership
C)radio listenership
D)Internet consumption
Q7) Compare and contrast the different agents of political socialization. Page 15
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Chapter 13: Elections and the electoral system
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Q1) The three territories are each given one seat automatically.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Who is in charge of the election process?
A)the governor general
B)the prime minister
C)the chief electoral officer
D)the elections commissioner
Q3) Jean Chrétien's new election finance reforms virtually eliminated corporate contributions.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is NOT necessary for an individual to be nominated as a party's candidate?
A)being endorsed by the party leader
B)filing a financial statement
C)getting 100 local names on his or her nomination papers
D)paying a $1000 deposit
Q5) What are the primary functions of an election in the Canadian political system?
Q6) What are some of the similarities and differences in the discrepancies between seats and votes at the national and provincial levels?
Page 17
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Chapter 14: Political parties and the party system
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Q1) What is an organized group that makes nominations and contests elections in the hope of influencing the policies and personnel of government?
A)a pressure group
B)an interest group
C)a political party
D)public opinion polls
Q2) How does party ideology in Canada apply to the major Canadian political parties?
Q3) The "Parliamentary party" is made up of the party's members of Parliament.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Canada moved from a Conservative-dominant party system to a classic two-party system with the Liberal victory in 1896 under Mackenzie King.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The state-centred approach defends the broker system as necessary in a nation with many cleavages.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Explain the term "the iron law of oligarchy" as it relates to political parties.
Page 18
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Chapter 15: Parties, voting, and The election campaign
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Q1) In most parties, how are candidates selected?
A)They are appointed by the party leader.
B)They are elected by the local constituency association.
C)They are chosen by party headquarters.
D)They are chosen by the local riding association president.
Q2) In 2000, there was little evidence of class-based voting, but the government's performance was a significant factor.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The leader's tour is primarily designed to boost the chances of local candidates.
A)True
B)False
Q4) How do core values and beliefs influence how Canadians vote?
Q5) Explain the sociodemographic bases of political party support in Canada.
Q6) Which party developed the Constituency Information Management System (CIMS)?
A)Liberal Party
B)Conservative Party
C)NDP
D)Green Party
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Chapter 16: Advocacy groups, social movements, and lobbying
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Q1) What lobbying technique are institutionalized advocacy groups most likely to use?
A)demonstrations and blockades
B)lobbying judges and court officials
C)lobbying the bureaucracy
D)lobbying members of Parliament
Q2) Which behaviour refers to any organized attempt to influence the authorities?
A)campaigning
B)political participation
C)lobbying
D)socializing
Q3) Under whose administration did lobbyist efforts switch from minister's office to the level of senior bureaucracy?
A)Mulroney
B)Chrétien
C)Martin
D)Harper
Q4) How does the federal structure of government affect the way in which pressure groups are organized?
Page 20
Q5) What are the functions of advocacy groups?
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Chapter 17: The Canadian constitution and constitutional change
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Q1) Which Prime Minister had a vision of a centralized, symmetrical and bilingual federation?
A)Brian Mulroney
B)Paul Martin
C)Pierre Trudeau
D)Jean Chretien
Q2) In 1993, Chretien's liberal party was elected not because of constitutional issues, but rather on the promise of improving the economy.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What was the 1982 British statute that officially terminated all British authority over Canada?
A)British North America Act, 1982
B)Statute of Westminster
C)Canada Act
D)Charter of Rights and Freedoms
Q4) The JCPC was Canada's final court of appeal until 1949.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What concerns were raised regarding the Meech Lake Accord, 1982?
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Chapter 18: The provinces and the federal system
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Q1) Between 1867 and 1945, what type of federalism was classified as the first period of Canadian federalism?
A)quasi-federalism
B)classical federalism
C)emergency federalism
D)cooperative federalism
Q2) Province-building refers to the creation of provinces in the northern territories.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which term describes a division of powers between central and regional governments such that neither is subordinate to the other?
A)provincialism
B)federalism
C)a unitary government
D)constitutionalism
Q4) How has Canadian federalism evolved since 1867? Has the government become more or less centralized over time?
Q5) Explain the federal-provincial financial relationship since 1940.
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Chapter 19: The charter of rights and freedoms
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Q1) Which did the courts consider an infringement on freedom of religion?
A)the Ontario Retail Business Holidays Act
B)Ontario's Separate School System
C)the Lord's Day Act
D)blood transfusions for minors against their parents' religious wishes
Q2) What rights are not enshrined in the Charter of Rights and Freedom, although it is recognized in law?
A)economic
B)equality
C)legal
D)language
Q3) What was the significance of the Chaoulli case?
A)It set a limit for the right to be tried within a reasonable time.
B)It overturned the monopoly of public health care insurance for core medical services.
C)It limited freedom of expression in relation to pornography.
D)It extended sexual-orientation protection to same-sex couples.
Q4) What were some of the significant events or issues that led to the creation of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms?
Q5) How are language rights protected under the Charter of Rights and Freedom?
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Chapter 20: Governing: the policymaking process and policy instruments
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Q1) What type of management best describes coordination among the many federal government departments?
A)vertical
B)administrative
C)policy coordination
D)horizontal
Q2) The War Measures Act was invoked during a severe flooding in Manitoba.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The state-centred approach assumes that whatever the formal phases of the policymaking process, the political system ultimately responds to the demands of the corporate elite.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Describe and explain the significance of policy instruments?
Q5) Taxation has the effect of constraining behaviour in actually taking something tangible away from the individuals and corporations on whom it is imposed.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 21: The executive: crown, prime minister, and cabinet
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Q1) What are the advantages and disadvantages of the monarchy?
Q2) It is possible for the prime minister to name someone to the Cabinet who has not won the election.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What is an important principle of Cabinet operation?
A)collective responsibility
B)compulsory attendance
C)political equality
D)contribution to the budget
Q4) What were the recommendations of the Gomery Inquiry with regard to the prime minister and the public service?
Q5) What are some of the functions of the Crown in relation to the executive branch of Canadian government?
Q6) What is the Minister of State for Democratic Renewal also known as?
A)PCO Minister
B)PMO Minister
C)Treasury Board Minister
D)Finance Minister
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Chapter 22: The bureaucracy
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Q1) How are government departments created?
A)through policies initiated by the Cabinet
B)through acts of Parliament
C)through constitutional amendments
D)through orders-in-council
Q2) Which occupational category does nursing fall under?
A)Management
B)Scientific and Professional
C)Technical
D)Operational
Q3) What government department employs the largest number of civil servants?
A)Human Resources and Skills Development
B)Treasury Board
C)Public Works and Government Services
D)National Defence
Q4) The Official Languages Act of 1969 made the executive branch of government bilingual.
A)True
B)False
Q5) How is the Canadian bureaucracy controlled?
Page 26
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Chapter 22: The bureaucracy
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Q1) At which point of a weekly order of parliamentary business are MPs allowed to make a member statement regarding a specific event or issue?
A)15 minutes preceding Question period
B)15 minutes proceeding Question period
C)at the very beginning of the daily session
D)at the very end of the daily session
Q2) What term refers to MPs who are NOT Cabinet ministers or holders of other important positions in their parliamentary party?
A)members
B)backbenchers
C)drones
D)party whips
Q3) The Cabinet has an absolute monopoly on the introduction of financial legislation in the House.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What are the functions and powers of the House of Commons?
Q5) What are the stages of a bill becoming a law?
Q6) Explain the relevance and significance of the Canadian senate.
Page 27
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Chapter 24: The judiciary
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Q1) Which method is NOT currently used to reduce the costs of the administration of justice in Canada?
A)pre-trial conferences
B)plea bargaining
C)court challenges program
D)legal aid
Q2) Explain the principle of judicial independence.How does this relate to the removal of judges?
Q3) Until 1949, all decisions made by the Supreme Court of Canada could be appealed to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The federal cabinet appoints provincial superior court judges.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Private law is essential the same as civil law.
A)True
B)False
Q6) What are the powers of the Supreme Court of Canada?
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Q7) What are some of the issues and challenges that come with appointing judges?