Adult Development and Aging Exam Preparation Guide

Course Introduction

This course explores the psychological, biological, and social aspects of adult development and aging, emphasizing the changes and continuities that occur from early adulthood through late life. Students examine theories of adult development, age-related cognitive and emotional changes, physical health and wellness, identity and relationships in adulthood, as well as societal attitudes toward aging. Special attention is given to the influences of culture, gender, and life context on the aging process, as well as the challenges and opportunities associated with aging populations in modern society.

Recommended Textbook

Visualizing The Lifespan 1st Edition by Jennifer Tanner

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17 Chapters

1823 Verified Questions

1823 Flashcards

Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/2278

Page 2

Chapter 1: Understanding Human Development: Theories and Approaches

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94 Verified Questions

94 Flashcards

Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/45252

Sample Questions

Q1) A weakness of self-report data is one of the following

A) Researchers may maintain a biased approach to research.

B) Children never alter their typical behavior even if they know they are being observed.

C) Reporters are not always honest.

D) Reporters are always honest.

Answer: C

Q2) Jackson secured the lead role in the school play. Upon receiving the news, he immediately called his parents, who were elated at his accomplishment and congratulated him on his success. His parents' response is a form of:

A) positive reinforcement.

B) negative reinforcement.

C) positive punishment.

D) negative punishment.

Answer: A

Q3) Correlation does not equal causation.

A)True

B)False

Answer: True

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Chapter 2: Biological Foundations, Prenatal Development and

Birth

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100 Verified Questions

100 Flashcards

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Sample Questions

Q1) Kersten, a 40-year-old woman, found it impossible to stop smoking and using alcohol during her pregnancy. These behaviors increase risk for:

A) sudden infant death syndrome.

B) hyaline membrane disease.

C) delivering a low-birth-weight infant.

D) miscarriage.

Answer: C

Q2) One of the most common, yet preventable, birth syndromes is an outcome of fetal exposure to A) cocaine.

B) alcohol.

C) heroin.

D) nicotine.

Answer: B

Q3) How long does labor last from beginning to end

A) 5 hours

B) 12 hours

C) 24 hours

D) It varies.

Answer: D

Page 4

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Chapter 3: Physical and Cognitive Development in Infancy

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117 Verified Questions

117 Flashcards

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Sample Questions

Q1) Vaccine mandates have successfully eliminated a variety of childhood illnesses, including:

A) polio.

B) diphtheria.

C) smallpox.

D) all of the choices

Answer: D

Q2) There are often many signs and symptoms of SIDS.

A)True

B)False

Answer: False

Q3) Katy is a newborn. She cries often and makes funny faces when she tastes sour liquids. We can infer that Katy:

A) has a highly developed sense of taste.

B) has a highly developed sense of smell.

C) prefers her mom's milk over other tastes.

D) none of the choices

Answer: A

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Chapter 4: Socioemotional Development in Infancy: The

First Two Years

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109 Verified Questions

109 Flashcards

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Sample Questions

Q1) The dimension of temperament that describes a tendency toward fear, frustration, sadness, and discomfort is:

A) negative affectivity.

B) extraversion/surgency.

C) effort control.

D) none of the choices

Q2) Broadly speaking, thinking about the influence of cultural and social systems on infant development, social referencing is important as a means of:

A) transmitting information about what is meaningful in a particular society to a new generation.

B) understanding what is punishable in a particular society.

C) understanding how one should act in a particular society.

D) understanding customs in a particular society.

Q3) There are three patterns of temperament: easy, difficult, and slow-to-warm-up.

A)True

B)False

Q4) Pride, guilt, shame, and empathy are secondary emotions.

A)True

B)False

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Chapter 5: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early

Childhood:two to Six Years

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100 Verified Questions

100 Flashcards

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Sample Questions

Q1) Piaget's law of conservation describes the developmental accomplishment of being able to understand that changing the form or appearance of a substance does not change its _____________.

A) color

B) smell

C) texture

D) amount

Q2) _____________________ develops from the need to understand and need to be understood.

A) Directional language

B) Correlational language

C) Structural language

D) Functional language

Q3) According to Piaget, egocentrism is:

A) the state of being selfish and self-indulgent

B) the ability to understand the world from another person's point of view.

C) an innate inability to be concerned with other's feelings

D) the belief that others see the world the same way you do

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Chapter 6: Socioemotional Development in Early

Childhood: Two to Six Years

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102 Verified Questions

102 Flashcards

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Sample Questions

Q1) A gender stereotype is

A) a parent's preference for having a male or female child

B) the opinion of others about a child's gender

C) one's self-concept of being male or female.

D) a rigid determination of appropriate dress and action based on sex.

Q2) Tommy describes himself by saying: "I am a boy with brown hair and freckles, and I can run fast." His self-description illustrates

A) self-absorption

B) the categorical self

C) accurate self esteem

D) inflated self-concept

Q3) The positive outcomes of ____________________ appear to persist throughout childhood and well into adolescence.

A) authoritarian

B) authoritative

C) permissive-indulgent

D) permissive-neglectful

Q4) Compare and contrast guilt and shame.

Q5) Discuss the differences in sympathy and empathy.

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Chapter 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle and

Late Childhood: Six to Eleven Years Old

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121 Verified Questions

121 Flashcards

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Sample Questions

Q1) ________ is a chronic illness in which the airways of the lung constrict, resulting in decreased air flow.

A) Bronchitis

B) Bronchial infection

C) Asthma

D) Bronchial swelling

Q2) Bryan loves arts and crafts time. He likes to paint with paint brushes, draw with pencils and color with crayons. Based on his wide use of art supplies, we can say Bryan has good:

A) flexibility.

B) efficiency.

C) consistency.

D) hand-eye coordination.

Q3) Vygotsky is a developmentalist known for his research on child social development. A)True

B)False

Q4) For the first time in history, children have a lower projected life expectancy. A)True

B)False

Page 9

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Chapter 8: Socioemotional Development in Middle and

Late Childhood: Six to Eleven Years

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91 Verified Questions

91 Flashcards

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Sample Questions

Q1) Effective parenting in middle childhood involves learning to

less and ________________more.

A) monitor; direct

B) direct; monitor

C) monitor; punish

D) direct; reward

Q2) In the United States, divorce rates are declining, making it less likely that adolescents will experience a parental divorce.

A)True

B)False

Q3) When a child who uses autonomous morality asks, "why did you throw the ball that hit me in the head?" she is searching for information that will help her understand:

A) if the other child is good.

B) if the other child is bad.

C) the intentions of the other child.

D) how to punish the other child.

Q4) Emotions reach peak complexity by the time children reach school age.

A)True

B)False

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Chapter 9: Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

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107 Verified Questions

107 Flashcards

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Sample Questions

Q1) This first stage of becoming an adult, ___________________, involves making gains in physical and psychological distance from the contexts in which the person lived as an adolescent.

A) separation,

B) emancipation

C) accommodation

D) individuation

Q2) The development of formal operational thinking is a common maturational milestone in adolescence.

A)True

B)False

Q3) Middle schools that operate form a developmental lens monitor the development of formal operational thinking because such achievements signal a student's preparedness to:

A) compute basic functions, for example, subtraction.

B) understand concepts of algebra.

C) memorize math facts.

D) visualize math facts, such as the multiplication table.

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Chapter 10: Socioemotional Development in Adolescence

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108 Verified Questions

108 Flashcards

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Sample Questions

Q1) Depression in adolescence is predicted by environmental risk, such as exposure to family stress or peer problems.

A)True

B)False

Q2) Around 1900 when Hall introduced the concept of adolescence, a sizable minority of 10- to 15-year-olds were employed.

A)True B)False

Q3) In adolescence, school is both an academic and a social context.

A)True B)False

Q4) Adolescents are able to describe differences in peers who have different attachment styles.

A)True

B)False

Q5) After childhood, the Adult Attachment Interview is used to assess an individual's attachment schema.

A)True B)False

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Chapter 11: Physical and Cognitive Development in Emerging and Young Adulthood

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139 Verified Questions

139 Flashcards

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Sample Questions

Q1) Exploring possibilities and opportunities in emerging adulthood accelerates cognitive maturation toward thinking that heavily relies on:

A) magical thinking.

B) life experiences.

C) emotional intelligence.

D) abstract thinking.

Q2) In emerging adulthood, bone growth ceases as a function of the reduction in _________________, a primary catalyst in bone production.

A) hormones, primarily estrogen

B) hormones, primarily testosterone

C) enzymes, primarily lactase

D) enzymes, primarily protease

Q3) The potential to make a creative contribution ______________ through the 20s.

A) increases

B) decreases

C) stabilizes

D) fluctuates

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Page 13

Chapter 12: Socioemotional Development in Emerging and Young Adulthood

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118 Verified Questions

118 Flashcards

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Sample Questions

Q1) In the general population, on average, mental health in emerging adulthood: A) increases.

B) decreases.

C) stays the same.

D) fluctuates.

Q2) Emerging and young adults who are coupled through arranged marriages are not consulted on what qualities each values in a partner.

A)True

B)False

Q3) In emerging adulthood, on average, ___________________ tend to decrease.

A) extraversion and agreeableness

B) agreeableness and conscientiousness

C) extraversion and neuroticism

D) extraversion and openness to experience

Q4) The average age of a first-time mother in the United States is around age 26.

A)True

B)False

Q5) In general, emerging adults spend a great deal of time with their friends. A)True

B)False

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Chapter 13: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle

Adulthood

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117 Verified Questions

117 Flashcards

Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/45264

Sample Questions

Q1) Middle-aged adults have the potential to influence their own cognitive ability by selecting into experiences that either enhance or undermine their capacities.

A)True

B)False

Q2) In the United States, more than two-thirds of adults are overweight.

A)True

B)False

Q3) Recognition-primed decision making refers to the ability of an individual to make decisions quickly due to the ability to _____________________ about a situation.

A) recognize the most relevant features

B) recognize the least relevant features

C) ignore others' opinions

D) integrate others' opinions

Q4) Fluid intelligence refers to reasoning ability and logic.

A)True

B)False

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Page 15

Chapter 14: Socioemotional Development in Adult-Hood

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113 Verified Questions

113 Flashcards

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Sample Questions

Q1) In the United States, the average age of retirement is:

A) 55.

B) 62.

C) 65.

D) 72.

Q2) Gender differences on a number of characteristics remain in middle adulthood, for example:

A) women continue to show increased dominance in increase in verbal fluency.

B) men continue to show increased competence in visual-spatial ability.

C) neither a nor b

D) both a and b

Q3) According to Erikson, generativity is the positive resolution of the psychosocial crisis associated with middle adulthood.

A)True

B)False

Q4) Currently, in the United States, having one career that spans one's entire career through retirement is common.

A)True

B)False

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Chapter 15: Physical and Cognitive Development in the Later Years

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104 Verified Questions

104 Flashcards

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Sample Questions

Q1) As Elio was telling stories about his life that made him the man he is today, his grandson was surprised to learn that the major experiences that shaped his grandfather's life happened:

A) during his childhood.

B) in the past 5 years.

C) during emerging adulthood.

D) last year.

Q2) Older adults diagnosed with dementia experience:

A) language impairment.

B) memory loss.

C) inability to recognize familiar people or objects.

D) any or all of the choices

Q3) More than in Western cultures, Eastern cultures value wisdom and knowledge accumulated as an outcome of:

A) formal education.

B) cultural education.

C) life experience.

D) cross-cultural experience.

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Chapter 16: Socioemotional Development in the Later Years

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110 Verified Questions

110 Flashcards

Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/45267

Sample Questions

Q1) Eighty-year-old Risa's spirituality is important to her because, in a number of ways, she feels that her spirituality:

A) is the core of her religious identity.

B) differentiates her from her parents' religious affiliation.

C) reflects her personal journey through life and the lessons she learned.

D) provides her with a vision of her future that does not involve death.

Q2) According to a study reported in your text describing responses of nursing home residents, sexual activity is:

A) not at all a priority.

B) a topic they rarely think about.

C) moderately important in their lives.

D) centrally significant in their lives.

Q3) In the United States, reflecting high value placed on self and independence, a life story that is highly valued is the __________________ story.

A) self-fulfillment

B) rags-to-riches

C) both a and b

D) neither a nor b

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Chapter 17: Death, Dying, and Grieving

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73 Verified Questions

73 Flashcards

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Sample Questions

Q1) One factor that can be used to determine death is an irreversible cessation of:

A) circulatory and respiratory function.

B) all functions of the entire brain, including the brain stem.

C) either a or b

D) neither a nor b

Q2) People who sign a do not resuscitate (DNR) order ask that no measures be taken to keep them alive if their heart stops beating.

A)True

B)False

Q3) The key factor that triggers the grief response is the perception of loss of contact and interaction.

A)True

B)False

Q4) When an individual is declared "brain dead," the criteria are validated again after ____ hours to confirm.

A) 12

B) 24

C) 48

D) 72

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