Adult Development and Aging Exam
Materials
Course Introduction
This course explores the psychological, biological, and social processes involved in adult development and aging. Topics include theoretical perspectives on adulthood, cognitive and personality changes, social relationships, work and retirement, physical health, and mental health issues in later life. Students will examine cultural, societal, and individual factors that influence the aging process, as well as current research and practical applications for promoting healthy aging. The course also addresses challenges and opportunities encountered in adulthood and provides insights into the diversity of aging experiences across different populations.
Recommended Textbook
Essentials of Life Span Development 4th Edition by John W. Santrock
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17 Chapters
2556 Verified Questions
2556 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction
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168 Verified Questions
168 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/61030
Sample Questions
Q1) During early adulthood,Erik Erikson's developmental stage of _____ occurs.
A)intimacy versus isolation
B)integrity versus despair
C)initiative versus guilt
D)industry versus inferiority
Answer: A
Q2) B.F. Skinner was a behaviorist; as such he would argue that the most important things that shape development are:
A) thoughts and feelings.
B) unconscious motivations.
C) rewards and punishments.
D) culture and society.
Answer: C
Q3) The _____ involves the culture in which individuals live.
A)chronosystem
B)mesosystem
C)ethnosystem
D)macrosystem
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: Biological Beginnings
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177 Verified Questions
177 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The current maternal blood-screening test is called the triple screen because:
A)it is performed three times.
B)it diagnoses three diseases.
C)it measures three substances in the mother's blood.
D)it is the third prenatal diagnostic test performed in a pregnancy.
Answer: C
Q2) Tracy's parents are avid sports fans.Since she was a child,they took her to numerous baseball and football games,and Tracy regularly watched the sports channel with her dad.When she was old enough,her parents made her join the little league team at her school and she performed well.This is an example of a(n):
A)evocative genotype-environment correlation.
B)active (niche-picking)genotype-environment correlation.
C)passive genotype-environment correlation.
D)gene-gene correlation.
Answer: C
Q3) This process,which takes place at approximately 6 to 24 weeks after conception,involves cells moving from their point of origin to their appropriate locations and creating the different levels,structures,and regions of the brain.
Answer: Neuronal migration
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Physical and Cognitive Development in Infancy
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169 Verified Questions
169 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is TRUE about brain development?
A)The brain grows exponentially from conception to birth,causing the brain to be completely developed at birth.
B)The process of brain development continues through the first year after birth and then stops.
C)Extensive brain development continues after birth,through infancy and later.
D)Brain development continues after birth only among premature babies.
Answer: C
Q2) Compared with professional parents,parents who were on welfare exhibited all of the following EXCEPT:
A)Talking less to their children
B)Talking less about past events
C)Providing less elaboration
D)Engaging children in prolonged conversations
Answer: D
Q3) The sequence in which the earliest growth always occurs at the top-the head-with physical growth in size,weight,and feature differentiation gradually working from top to bottom.
Answer: Cephalocaudal pattern
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Chapter 4: Socioemotional Development in Infancy
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165 Verified Questions
165 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Mary Rothbart and John Bates stress that _____ is an important dimension of temperament in infants,because it shows the ability (or the lack of it)to keep their arousal from getting too intense and have strategies for soothing themselves.
A)introversion
B)effortful control
C)emotionality
D)extraversion
Q2) Three-month-old Zoey looks up at her mother and smiles.Researchers call this type of smiling:
A)trust smiling.
B)social smiling.
C)reflexive smiling.
D)attachment smiling.
Q3) According to Erikson,_____ are keys to establishing a basic trust in infants.
A)physical comfort and sensitive care
B)feeding and physical comfort
C)contact comfort and feeding
D)oral satisfaction and physical comfort
Q4) List the three types of cries that have been identified in babies.
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Chapter 5: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood
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161 Verified Questions
161 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a criticism of Vygotsky's theory?
A)Vygotsky was specific about age-related changes and generalized all individuals.
B)Vygotsky overemphasized the role of language in thinking.
C)Vygotsky particularly described how changes in socioemotional capabilities contribute to cognitive development,which is highly subjective.
D)Vygotsky laid no emphasis on guidance which plays an important role in learning.
Q2) A toddler is likely to learn something in the zone of proximal development (ZPD)if:
A)the toddler has mastered all the skills necessary.
B)parents or teachers do not interfere.
C)the task is more difficult than the child can do alone.
D)the toddler uses no help from a parent or teacher.
Q3) The foundation of early childhood education is:
A)the child-centered kindergarten.
B)the home daycare center.
C)the rote memorization of facts and figures.
D)avoiding the use of developmentally appropriate practice.
Q4) The awareness of one's own mental processes and the mental processes of others.
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Chapter 6: Socioemotional Development in Early Childhood
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169 Verified Questions
169 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) From about _____ years of age,children display heteronomous morality.
A)1 to 3
B)4 to 7
C)10 to 12
D)2 to 4
Q2) In terms of sibling relationships,when favoritism occurs,the less-favored sibling
A)is usually oblivious to the situation.
B)is likely to feel better about themselves.
C)is likely to exhibit sadness.
D)is likely to excel academically.
Q3) Which of the following is NOT linked to a mother's emotion-coaching approach to helping children regulate their emotions?
A)More oppositional behavior
B)Children are better at soothing themselves
C)More effective at regulating their negative affect
D)Better able to focus their attention
Q4) This theorist stated that the psychological stage of childhood was "initiative versus guilt."
Q5) The support that parents provide one another in jointly raising a child.
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Chapter 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle and Late Childhood
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167 Verified Questions
167 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) .According to Robert J.Sternberg,which type of intelligence in students is most likely to be favored in conventional schooling?
Q2) This theorist distinguished between convergent thinking and divergent thinking.
Q3) Marshall writes very slowly and his handwriting is virtually illegible.He also makes numerous spelling errors because of his inability to match up sounds and letters.Which of the following conditions does Marshall suffer from?
A)Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
B)Dysgraphia
C)Dyslexia
D)Dyscalculia
Q4) Dual-language instruction,formerly known as bilingual education,involves:
A)two teachers speaking the same language at the same time.
B)a teacher speaking both English and the native language of the learner during instruction.
C)speaking only English during instruction.
D)using both direct and indirect instruction in the classroom.
Q5) .This theorist described three criteria that characterize gifted children,whether in art,music,or academic domains.
Q6) .Discuss what Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)does.
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Chapter 8: Socioemotional Development in Middle and Late Childhood
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154 Verified Questions
154 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/61023
Sample Questions
Q1) How does the development of self-understanding change from middle to late childhood? Illustrate your answer with examples.
Q2) Ten-year-old Jose finds that he needs his friend,Richard,to talk to in order to know whether Jose's feelings about his own brothers and sisters are normal.Which friendship function does Richard provide in this case?
A)Companionship
B)Ego support
C)Social comparison
D)Intimacy/affection
Q3) Which of the following functions of friendship involves providing encouragement and feedback,thus allowing children to maintain an impression of themselves as competent,attractive,and worthwhile individuals?
A)Physical support
B)Affection and intimacy
C)Social comparison
D)Ego support
Q4) Carol Dweck defines this as the cognitive view individuals develop for themselves.
Q5) Describe the different patterns of aggression between males and females.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence
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157 Verified Questions
157 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Controlling one's attention,reducing interfering thoughts,and being cognitively flexible are elements of:
A)cognitive control.
B)episodic memory.
C)self-concept.
D)decentering.
Q2) Ms.Chang is trying to prepare her health class students for the onset of puberty.What should she tell the boys that they are likely to experience first?
A)The first ejaculation
B)Voice changes
C)Increased penis and testicle size
D)Growth of facial hair
Q3) The _____ is the "judgment" region that reins in intense emotions but doesn't finish developing until at least emerging adulthood.
A)nucleus acumbens
B)corpus callosum
C)prefrontal cortex
D)amygdala
Q4) Discuss how early or late maturation affects boys and girls.
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Socioemotional Development in Adolescence
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160 Verified Questions
160 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Conflict with parents often escalates during:
A)early adolescence.
B)middle adolescence.
C)late adolescence.
D)the college years.
Q2) Late bloomers comprise approximately 10 percent of _____ who say that they have had no experience with romantic relationships.
A)14- to 16-year-olds
B)17- to 19-year-olds
C)12- to 13-year-olds
D)15- to 16-year-olds
Q3) The self-portrait composed of many pieces.
Q4) Identify the dual struggle often faced by immigrants to the U.S.
A)To acculturate and take on a new identity
B)To work and take care of their children
C)To preserve their culture and resist change
D)To preserve identity and to acculturate
Q5) This identity status is characterized by both the lack of crisis and the lack of commitment to a self-identity.
Q6) A personal investment in identity.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early
Adulthood
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138 Verified Questions
138 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Mini wants to know what activities would be most conducive to creative thinking.Based on what people reported in Csikszentmihalyi's research,you would suggest that Mini would be at her creative best during activities that:
A)demand complete attention.
B)leave little time free to think about peripheral issues.
C)are semiautomatic.
D)demand practically no attention.
Q2) Which gender is more likely to engage in sexual experiences with both same-sex and opposite-sex partners?
A)Males
B)Females
C)Both are equally likely.
D)Neither males nor females engage in sex with both same-sex and opposite-sex partners.
Q3) This theorist recently concluded that five key features characterize emerging adulthood: identity exploration,instability,self-focused,feeling in-between,and the age of possibilities.
Q4) List the five key features identified by Jeffrey Arnett as characterizing emerging adulthood.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Socioemotional Development in Early
Adulthood
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124 Verified Questions
124 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) This form of love is also called passionate love,or eros.It has strong sexual and infatuation components and often predominates in the early period of a love relationship.
Q2) An attachment style that describes adults who have positive views of relationships,find it easy to get close to others,and are not overly concerned or stressed out about their romantic relationships.
Q3) Individuals with an anxious attachment style:
A)are hesitant about getting involved in romantic relationships,but are committed once they are in one.
B)demand closeness in relationships and are more emotional.
C)are less likely than others to have one-night stands.
D)tend to distance themselves from their partner.
Q4) Which of the following is an outcome of the growing trend of having fewer children?
A)Institutional care is replaced by parental care.
B)Women have less time for other endeavors.
C)Men are apt to invest a greater amount of time in fathering.
D)Parents are bound to have more realistic expectations for their children.
Q5) Discuss the misconceptions about gay and lesbian couples.
Q6) What are some of the advantages of having children later in life?
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Chapter 13: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle
Adulthood
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124 Verified Questions
124 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/61018
Sample Questions
Q1) During middle age,the ability to hear _____ sounds declines first.
A)low-pitched
B)high-volume
C)high-pitched
D)high-amplitude
Q2) Harriet,a middle-aged woman,just started taking yoga classes.She is likely to see a decrease in her:
A)menopausal symptoms.
B)longevity.
C)lung capacity.
D)marital satisfaction.
Q3) A recent study revealed a link between ______ and accelerated pancreatic cancer growth.
A)stress
B)language
C)relationships
D)sleep deprivation
Q4) What is hormone replacement therapy (HRT)? Identify some of the risks associated with it.
Q5) List four strategies that distinguish an expert from a novice.
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Chapter 14: Socioemotional Development in Middle
Adulthood
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126 Verified Questions
126 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/61017
Sample Questions
Q1) Don and Ellie have been married for over 30 years.Which of the following is likely to be MOST important in their relationship?
A)Romance
B)Passion
C)Physical attraction
D)Security
Q2) New studies revealed that cardiovascular disease in middle-aged women was linked to:
A)improved nutrition.
B)stressful life events.
C)mindfulness training.
D)marital satisfaction
Q3) Professor Bettes wants to study how stable personality traits are from adolescence into late adulthood.The professor should use a(n)_______ study.
A)longitudinal
B)cross-sequential
C)natural
D)experimental
Q4) The name Erikson gave to the seventh stage in his life-span theory.
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Physical and Cognitive Development in Late
Adulthood
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163 Verified Questions
163 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe shrinking of the brain in the aging process.
Q2) Lung capacity drops _____ percent between the ages of 20 and 80,even when disease is not present.
A)20
B)40
C)50
D)60
Q3) These researchers found that one of the most important factors related to health in a nursing home is the patient's feelings of control and self-determination.
Q4) Which of the following countries had the lowest estimated life expectancy in 2011?
A)South Africa
B)Singapore
C)Japan
D)United States
Q5) A type of dementia that is characterized by muscle tremors,a gradual slowing of movement,and partial facial paralysis.
Q6) A focused and extended engagement with an object,task,event,or some other aspect of the environment.
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Socioemotional Development in Late
Adulthood
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116 Verified Questions
116 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/61015
Sample Questions
Q1) Studies on the Big Five factors of personality found that transition into late adulthood was characterized by increases in the aspects of impulse control,reliability,and conventionality.To which Big Five personality factor do these aspects belong?
A)Openness to experience
B)Neuroticism
C)Agreeableness
D)Conscientiousness
Q2) Approximately what percentage of adults age 65 or over were widowed in 2012?
A)10
B)30
C)50
D)80
Q3) Which of the following theories challenges the notion that older adults are in despair because of social isolation?
A)Socioemotional selectivity theory
B)Activity theory
C)Disengagement theory
D)Social breakdown theory
Q4) What is the socioemotional selectivity theory?
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Chapter 17: Death, Dying, and Grieving
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118 Verified Questions
118 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the definition of brain death,and the criteria involved in its determination.
Q2) An advanced directive/living will must be signed when:
A)at least two medical professionals are present.
B)a doctor and a lawyer are present.
C)an individual is told he or she has a life-threatening condition.
D)an individual is able to think clearly.
Q3) A flat EEG (electroencephalogram)recording for a specified period of time is one criterion of:
A)rigor mortis.
B)euthanasia.
C)brain death.
D)paralysis.
Q4) Death induced deliberately for a person (who is suffering from an incurable disease or severe disabilities)by injecting a lethal dose of a drug.
Q5) This theorist was the first to propose a five-stage model of dying which begins with denial and ends with acceptance of death.
Q6) Describe Kübler-Ross' first stage of dying.
Q7) How does denial impact individuals' adaptation to approaching death?
Page 19
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