Abnormal Psychology Final Exam
Course Introduction
Abnormal Psychology examines the patterns of thought, emotion, and behavior that deviate from normative functioning, exploring how psychological disorders are defined, assessed, and treated. The course covers historical and contemporary models of abnormality, diagnostic systems such as the DSM, major categories of disorders including mood, anxiety, psychotic, personality, and developmental disorders, and the biopsychosocial factors influencing them. Students will also analyze ethical issues, treatment approaches, and current research trends to gain a comprehensive understanding of mental health and pathology.
Recommended Textbook
Theories of Personality 7th Edition by Jess Feist
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Personality Theory
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Sample Questions
Q1) Personality theorists have evolved different systems because
A)they have different conceptions as to the nature of humanity.
B)they have had a variety of childhood and professional experiences.
C)they begin with different assumptions concerning personality.
D)Any or all the above are correct.
Answer: D
Q2) What is the relationship between theory and observation?
A)They are mutually exclusive.
B)Several theories make up an observation.
C)Several observations make up a theory.
D)There is a mutual and dynamic interaction between them.
Answer: D
Q3) A reliable test
A)is always valid.
B)measures what it purports to measure.
C)correlates positively with its validity.
D)yields consistent results.
Answer: D
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3
Chapter 2: Freud: Psychoanalysis
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Q1) Freud began his famous self-analysis
A)at about the time that his father died.
B)as a reaction to his experiences during World War I.
C)as a reaction to the death of his wife.
D)while still a schoolboy.
E)as a reaction to the death of his mother.
Answer: A
Q2) Freud called an expression of both the sexual and the aggressive instinct
A)narcissism.
B)love.
C)superego.
D)masochism.
Answer: D
Q3) According to Freud, feelings of inferiority stem from the A)id.
B)ego.
C)superego.
D)conscience.
E)ego-ideal.
Answer: E
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Chapter 3: Adler: Individual Psychology
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Q1) Which of the following assumptions is NOT part of Adler's theory?
A)All human motivations for behavior are unconscious in origin.
B)The dynamic force behind a person's activity is the striving for superiority or success.
C)All psychological phenomena are unified within the individual in a self-consistent manner.
D)The opinions of people shape their behavior and personality.
Answer: A
Q2) Adler believed that early recollections
A)have no objective validity.
B)are inconsistent with present style of life.
C)are psychologically meaningless.
D)yield clues to understanding style of life.
Answer: D
Q3) Unlike other psychiatrists of his time, Adler treated
A)large numbers of schizophrenics.
B)mentally retarded children.
C)patients without medical insurance.
D)large numbers of middle- and lower-class patients.
Answer: D
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Jung: Analytical Psychology
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Q1) To Jung, the two basic attitudes are
A)introversion and extraversion.
B)thinking and feeling.
C)conscious and unconscious.
D)sensing and intuiting.
E)sensing and feeling.
Q2) Jung would say that a man who finds women alluring and mysterious may be projecting his ______ archetype onto women.
A)self
B)shadow
C)anima
D)animus
Q3) In Jungian psychology, repressed, forgotten, or subliminally perceived experiences are part of the A)ego.
B)persona.
C)personal unconscious.
D)collective unconscious.
E)archetypal unconscious.
Q4) List and briefly describe Jung's most important archetypes.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Klein: Object Relations Theory
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Q1) According to Bowlby, infants who become separated from their primary caregivers experience separation anxiety.The first stage of separation is the A)detachment stage.
B)attachment stage.
C)protest stage.
D)despair stage.
E)anal stage.
Q2) If a hungry infant cries and kicks, Klein would say that it is A)motivated by the death instinct.
B)inventing a sign language to communicate distress with its mother.
C)fantasizing about kicking or destroying the "bad" breast.
D)engaging in random behavior.
Q3) According to Klein, the child's first model for interpersonal relations is the A)breast.
B)mother.
C)father. D)self.
Q4) List and discuss Klein's psychic defense mechanisms.
Q5) Discuss Klein's concept of the paranoid-schizoid position.
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Chapter 6: Horney: Psychoanalytic Social Theory
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Q1) Horney referred to the neurotic's compulsive drive toward actualizing the ideal self as
A)the process of self-realization.
B)the neurotic trend.
C)the neurotic search for glory.
D)the tyranny of the should.
E)neurotic ambition.
Q2) According to Horney, neurotic strategies differ from normal ones by their A)aggressiveness.
B)ineffectiveness.
C)effectiveness.
D)compulsivity.
Q3) According to Horney, the principal difference between a psychologically healthy person and a neurotic person is the degree of _______ with which each moves toward, against, or away from people.
A)force
B)basic hostility
C)compulsivity
D)aggression
Q4) Discuss Horney's concepts of neurotic needs and neurotic trends.
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Chapter 7: Erikson: Post-Freudian Theory
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Q1) According to Fromm, existential needs
A)emerge during the evolution of human culture.
B)grow out of people's attempts to find answers to their existence.
C)represent attempts to avoid insanity.
D)all of these.
E)none of these.
Q2) According to Fromm, Hitler's neurotic need to annihilate his enemies shows his
A)incestuous symbiosis.
B)receptive orientation.
C)malignant narcissism.
D)necrophilic orientation.
Q3) Fromm held that the twin components of positive freedom are
A)hope and charity.
B)love and work.
C)duty and desire.
D)faith and spirituality.
E)productivity and marketing.
Q4) List and discuss Fromm's nonproductive and productive character orientations.
Q5) Discuss Fromm's five human, or existential, needs.
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Chapter 8: Fromm: Humanistic Psychoanalysis
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Q1) Sullivan's one-genus hypothesis states:
A)"Once upon a time, everything was lovely, but that was before I had to deal with people."
B)"Differences among people are more important than their similarities."
C)"To be human is to love; to love is to be human."
D)"Everyone is much more simply human than otherwise."
Q2) Sullivan's self-system arises out of the interpersonal situation when an infant
A)is approximately 12 to 18 months of age.
B)has developed intimacy with the mothering one.
C)is exposed to the malevolent attitude of the mothering one.
D)has been successfully trained.
Q3) As a child, Sullivan
A)twice was elected most popular boy in his class.
B)had few friends or acquaintances his age.
C)fought in religious wars in Ireland.
D)aspired to become a farmer and move to Kansas.
E)experienced a warm, intimate relationship with his father.
Q4) Enumerate and discuss the basic Sullivanian epochs.
Q5) Distinguish between Sullivan's concepts of intimacy and lust.
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Chapter 9: Maslow: Holistic-Dynamic Theory
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Q1) In his concept of humanity, Erikson
A)emphasized free choice more than determinism.
B)emphasized determinism more than free choice.
C)moderately viewed free choice and determinism.
D)rejected both free choice and determinism.
Q2) Erikson found that the prolonged and permissive nursing of Sioux infants resulted in ____________ character traits.
A)oral
B)anal
C)phallic
D)infantile
E)latency
Q3) By the end of which of Erikson's psychosocial stages should a person develop a firm sense of ego identity?
A)the play age
B)the school age
C)adolescence
D)early childhood
E)young adulthood
Q4) List the key concepts in Erikson's infancy stage.
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Chapter 10: Rogers: Person-Centered Theory
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Q1) According to Maslow, neurotic needs
A)decrease as they are satisfied.
B)cannot be fully satiated.
C)can be self-actualizing.
D)foster health when satisfied.
E)a and d
Q2) Maslow held that physiological needs differ from other needs in that they
A)can be completely satisfied.
B)can be overly satisfied.
C)have a recurring nature.
D)All the above are correct.
Q3) Which of these items on the Personal Orientation Inventory is most likely to be endorsed by a self-actualizing person?
A)"I feel uncomfortable with anything less than a perfect performance."
B)"My moral values are self-determined."
C)"Two people will get along best if each concentrates on pleasing the other."
D)"I believe the Federal Government is conspiring against me."
Q4) Discuss Maslow's concept of conative, aesthetic, cognitive, and neurotic needs.
Q5) List and explain the five needs in Maslow's hierarchy.
Q6) List and explain five assumptions Maslow made about motivation.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: May: Existential Psychology
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Q1) Disorganization exists, Rogers said, when
A)a person becomes overly defensive.
B)an individual's perception of some threat becomes conscious.
C)an individual's perception of some threat becomes unconscious.
D)normal defenses do not reconcile experiences with view of self.
E)negative regard from others becomes conscious in an individual.
Q2) A person's inner abilities to solve problems, alter self-concept, and become more self-directed reflect Rogers's concept of
A)the formative tendency.
B)the actualizing tendency.
C)genuineness.
D)the ideal self.
Q3) According to Rogers, positive external evaluations
A)do not foster psychological health.
B)enhance the organismic self.
C)minimize incongruence.
D)lead to satisfaction of the actualization tendency.
E)None of these is correct.
Q4) Discuss the necessary and sufficient conditions for psychological growth, as postulated by Rogers.
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Chapter 12: Allport: Psychology of the Individual
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Q1) Freud's psychoanalytic theory, with its emphasis on biological drives and instincts, deals most specifically with A)Umwelt.
B)Mitwelt.
C)Eigenwelt.
D)Dasein.
Q2) According to May, psychologically disturbed individuals deny their A)anxiety. B)guilt.
C)love.
D)destiny.
E)illness.
Q3) According to May, ______ is an intimate but nonsexual friendship between two people.
A)eros
B)agape
C)sublimation
D)chumship
E)philia
Q4) Define and explain being-in-the-world and nonbeing
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Chapter 13: Mccrae and Costas Five Factor Trait Theory
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Q1) According to Allport, personal dispositions that are so dominating in one's life that they cannot be hidden are called
A)central traits.
B)cardinal traits.
C)primary traits.
D)learned traits.
Q2) Describe Allport's theory of motivation through the concept of functional autonomy and give examples of functionally autonomous behaviors.
Q3) For Allport, which of the following is the most basic question underlying all personality theory?
A)What is a proper balance between universal laws and individual uniqueness?
B)How can behavior be determined and yet free?
C)What is the proper sequence of experiences for optimum personality growth?
D)How can psychologists be sure of the validity and reliability of data?
E)How can the major influences on personality be studied?
Q4) Discuss Allport's concept of personal dispositions and explain how personal dispositions differ from traits.
Q5) Discuss Allport's concept of the psychologically healthy personality.
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Chapter 14: Eysencks Biologically Based Factor Theory
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Q1) Individuals who score high on ____________ tend to be anxious, temperamental, emotional and vulnerable to stress-related problems.
A)neuroticism
B)psychoticism
C)conscientiousness
D)openness to experience
Q2) Which of the following is NOT an example of the four postulates for basic tendencies?
A)individuality
B)plasticity
C)structure
D)origin
E)development
Q3) Most of Costa and McCrae's early research was focused on 3 main trait factors that included neuroticism, extraversion, and _________.
A)psychoticism
B)introversion
C)openness to experience
D)social interest
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Buss: Evolutionary Theory of Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) The three conditions essential to operant conditioning are
A)the situation, behavior, and conditioned stimulus.
B)the unconditioned stimulus, the conditioned stimulus, and the organism.
C)the antecedent, the behavior, and the consequence.
D)the unconditioned stimulus, the "Skinner box," and the experimenter.
Q2) Skinner believed that the most critical aspect of science is
A)the testing and verification of hypotheses.
B)an attitude valuing empirical observation.
C)the measurement of physiological responses.
D)reliable formulation of hypothetical concepts.
Q3) Any behavior that tends to reduce or avoid conditions that are detrimental to the survival of the organism is
A)positively reinforced.
B)negatively reinforced.
C)extinguished.
D)punished.
Q4) Discuss Skinner's philosophy of science as it applies to the study of human behavior.
Q5) Distinguish negative reinforcement from both positive reinforcement and punishment.
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Chapter 16: Skinner: Behavioral Analysis
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Q1) To Bandura, the ultimate goal of therapy is
A)self-actualization.
B)the recovery of repressed experiences.
C)the elimination of all major problems.
D)self-regulation.
Q2) Bandura calls situations in life beyond one's deliberate control
A)chance encounters.
B)fortuitous events.
C)neither of these.
D)both of these.
Q3) Bandura's approach to therapy emphasizes
A)behavioral change and self-regulation.
B)minimizing disengagement.
C)exploration of dreams and fantasies.
D)the use of continuous positive reinforcement.
E)the discrimination of the effects of punishment.
Q4) Discuss Bandura's concept of collective efficacy.
Q5) Discuss specific ways in which Bandura's social cognitive theory differs from Skinner's behavioral analysis.
Page 18
Q6) List and describe the components of Bandura's theory of self-regulation.
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Chapter 17: Bandura: Social Cognitive Theory
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Q1) Although Mischel has much in common with Bandura and Rotter, his unique contribution to social learning theory is his research on
A)sexual dysfunction.
B)specific situations.
C)interpersonal trust.
D)self-efficacy.
E)the frustration-aggression hypothesis.
Q2) Rotter's basic prediction formula is most useful when
A)predicting novel behaviors.
B)pertinent variables are rigorously controlled.
C)making generalized predictions.
D)need value is unknown.
E)making specific predictions.
Q3) Rotter found that people who score high on the Interpersonal Trust Scale are generally more likely to _____ than are people who score low on this scale.
A)be psychologically disturbed
B)lie to others
C)lie to themselves
D)respect the rights of others
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Chapter 18: Rotter and Mischel: Cognitive Social Learning Theory
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Q1) Kelly might explain client resistance and negative transference during psychotherapy as a means of reducing A)fear.
B)threat.
C)anxiety.
D)guilt.
E)constructs.
Q2) Kelly held that
A)scientific inquiry should be limited to trained scientists.
B)nonscientists make observations and draw conclusions in much the same way as scientists.
C)an overemphasis on scientific method has restricted the growth of psychology.
D)an underemphasis on scientific method has restricted the growth of psychology.
Q3) Kelly's personal construct theory emphasizes the notion that
A)people are motivated by basic needs, instincts, and drives.
B)human beings are basically social animals.
C)people are constantly changing the way they view events.
D)the world has no objective existence.
Q4) Discuss the fundamental postulate of Kelly's theory.
Page 20
Q5) Discuss Kelly's philosophical position.
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