Abnormal Psychology Exam Solutions
Course Introduction
Abnormal Psychology explores the nature, causes, and treatment of psychological disorders, focusing on patterns of behavior, thought, and emotion that deviate from cultural norms and cause significant impairment or distress. The course examines major diagnostic categories, including anxiety disorders, mood disorders, psychotic disorders, and personality disorders, while considering biological, psychological, and sociocultural perspectives on their development. Students will critically evaluate theories and research related to assessment, diagnosis, and therapy, and discuss ethical and societal issues relevant to mental health. This foundational course provides students with the knowledge necessary to understand abnormal behavior and the approaches used in its study and intervention.
Recommended Textbook
Abnormal Psychology Perspectives 5th Edition by David J.A. Dozois
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19 Chapters
1924 Verified Questions
1924 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Concepts of Abnormality Throughout History
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116 Verified Questions
116 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which is the most sensible way to logically combine the criteria used to define psychological abnormality?
A) [infrequency OR personal distress] AND impaired functioning
B) [infrequency OR impaired functioning] AND personal distress
C) infrequency AND [personal distress OR impaired functioning]
D) infrequency AND personal distress AND impaired functioning
E) infrequency OR personal distress OR impaired functioning
Answer: C
Q2) What type of treatment was thought to be used by Stone Age people to treat madness?
A) religious chanting
B) death
C) herbal brews to poison evil spirits
D) trephination
E) exorcism
Answer: D
Q3) Philippe Pinel was responsible for bringing moral therapy to North America.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 2: Theoretical Perspectives on Abnormal Behaviour
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112 Verified Questions
112 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Briefly describe 4 ways in which abnormal behaviour can result from disturbances in neurotransmitter systems.
Answer: 1. There may be too much or too little of the neurotransmitter produced or released into the synapse.
2. There may be too few or too many receptors on the dendrites.
3. There may be an excess or a deficit in the amount of transmitter-deactivating substance in the synapse.
4. The reuptake process may be too rapid or too slow.
Q2) Classical conditioning accounts of phobias
A) were strongly supported by B.F. Skinner.
B) were first described by Freud.
C) remain popular to this day.
D) cannot explain many facets of phobias.
E) help explain why certain fears persist.
Answer: D
Q3) Freud felt that the ego develops to curb the desires of the id.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Page 4
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Chapter 3: Classification and Diagnosis
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116 Verified Questions
116 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A(n) __________ refers to the determination of the nature of an illness, while a(n) __________ refers to the procedure used to gather information necessary to identify the illness.
A) examination; investigation
B) assessment; diagnosis
C) medical examination; clinical interview
D) diagnosis; assessment
E) diagnostic system; classification system
Answer: D
Q2) In the text, evidence-based practice refers to
A) a particular method of treating delusions and hallucinations.
B) a general method of treatment that involves comparing thoughts to reality.
C) basing assessment and treatment upon the most current and valid research findings.
D) reducing theoretical propositions in the classification system.
E) a method for reducing diagnostic error.
Answer: C
Q3) Describe the five axes of the DSM-IV-TR.
Answer: The DSM-IV Multiaxial
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Chapter 4: Psychological Assessment and Research
Methods
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112 Verified Questions
112 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the text, the case study is a(n) __________ approach used in the investigation of abnormal behaviour.
A) singular
B) nomothetic
C) individual
D) ideographic
E) unitary
Q2) In a study of the effects of a certain antipsychotic drug, the control group receives pill which does not actually contain the drug. This group has received a __________.
A) dependent variable
B) double-blind
C) placebo
D) pretest
E) pseudo-treatment
Q3) Psychological assessment is a central component of psychological testing:
A)True
B)False
Q4) Briefly define any TWO of the following: face validity, content validity, criterion validity, construct validity.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Anxiety and Related Disorders
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87 Verified Questions
87 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The textbook cites research support for the following interpersonal factors as being involved in the anxiety disorders:
A) parenting style / attachment style; parental criticism, overprotection, and control; peer victimization experiences in childhood
B) harsh and inconsistent punishment; peer victimization experiences in early childhood
C) coercive parental discipline techniques; over-crowded early social environment
D) at least one parent with an anxiety disorder; over-crowded early social environment
E) at least one parent with an anxiety disorder; early peer victimization
Q2) The amygdala can effectively process external (i.e., fear-provoking) stimuli and determine its survival relevance without the influence of higher brain functioning
A)True
B)False
Q3) Several researchers have examined the role of neurotransmitters and neuroanatomy in anxiety. Briefly discuss the role of one brain region and one neurotransmitter which have been studied.
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Chapter 6: Dissociative and Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders
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90 Verified Questions
90 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The term la belle indifference refers to
A) the lack of worry patients with conversion disorder display about their symptoms.
B) the lack of awareness of each other displayed by each of the alters in patients suffering from dissociative identity disorder.
C) the attitude displayed by people accused of malingering.
D) the lack of awareness of their condition displayed by patients suffering from dissociative fugue.
E) the lack of concern doctors show for patients suffering from conversion disorder.
Q2) Depersonalization disorder differs from the other dissociative disorders, in that
A) there are no symptoms of memory impairment or identity confusion.
B) there does not appear to be any sort of dissociative process going on.
C) only with this disorder is there a loss of awareness of one's central and knowing self.
D) there are reduced or no symptoms of a feeling of derealization.
E) it alone is associated with history of trauma, particularly emotional abuse.
Q3) Describe five patterns of memory loss characteristic of dissociative amnesia.
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Psychological Factors Affecting Medical Conditions
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106 Verified Questions
106 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Identify one similarity and one difference between the psychophysiological disorders and the somatoform disorders. Specify how mind interacts with body in each category of disorder.
Q2) Some key type A characteristics are hyperarousal, competitiveness, and hostility.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The difference between a sign and a symptom is
A) one refers to a lesion and the other a level of functioning.
B) one is a mainly objective and the other a mainly subjective indication of illness.
C) one refers to a psychological condition and one a medical condition.
D) one is an antecedent and one is a consequence of illness.
E) neither are directly observable.
Q4) The endocrine system is characterized by manufacturing hormones that produce an effect in "targeted" areas of the body.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Outline the differences between signs and symptoms.
Q6) Explain the process of cellular immunity.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Mood Disorders and Suicide
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96 Verified Questions
96 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) After an argument, Jane continues to ask her husband if he still loves her. This is an example of
A) negative feedback seeking.
B) stress generation.
C) excessive reassurance seeking.
D) all-or-none thinking.
E) magnification.
Q2) Describe the algorithm for evaluation of patients with suicidal ideation that may lead to hospitalization.
Q3) It is common for an individual to experience an episode of mania without an accompanying depression at some point in their life.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Currently, the most popular class of antidepressants are the
A) selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).
B) monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs).
C) benzodiazepines.
D) bicyclics.
E) tricyclics.
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Chapter 9: Schizophrenia
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89 Verified Questions
89 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Hippocrates is credited with the first scientific descriptions of schizophrenia in about 300 BC.
A)True
B)False
Q2) For a diagnosis, a bizarre delusion must be judged __________.
A) possible
B) impossible
C) plausible
D) conceivable
E) harmless
Q3) Recent research shows that by age 16, nearly a third of individuals who go on to develop psychotic disorder have ___________ and ____________.
A) motor difficulties; at least one positive symptoms reported by teacher
B) speech and language delays; at least one positive symptom self-reported
C) motor difficulties; deficient IQ
D) family interaction problems ; deficient IQ
E) speech and language difficulties ; at least one positive symptom parent-reported
Q4) Describe the five subtypes of schizophrenia in the DSM-IV-TR.
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Chapter 10: Eating Disorders
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99 Verified Questions
99 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why is the distinction between the two subtypes of anorexia nervosa so important?
A) different causes of the two types are known to researchers.
B) different psychological consequences associated with the binge/purge type
C) the binge/purge subtype is associated with fewer impulsive behaviours
D) poorer long-term prognosis for the binge/purge subtype
E) one type tends to affect younger women, and one older women.
Q2) The goal of the first stage of cognitive-behaviour therapy for bulimia involves which of the following?
A) convincing the patient to accept medication as the primary treatment so that therapy can follow
B) focusing on strategies for maintaining change and preventing relapse
C) a continued focus on establishing normalized eating
D) identifying and modifying dysfunctional thoughts and beliefs
E) establishing some degree of control over eating
Q3) Men are more likely than women to be affected by media images of the ideal body type.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Discuss the medical consequences of eating disorders.
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Chapter 11: Substance-Related Disorders
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114 Verified Questions
114 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Opioids, known as exogenous opiates, tend to mimic the effects of A) serotonin.
B) depressants.
C) dopamine.
D) stimulants.
E) the body's natural painkillers.
Q2) Moderate consumption of alcohol has been related to A) lower incidence of coronary heart disease.
B) liver damage.
C) cancer.
D) malnutrition.
E) damage to the heart muscle.
Q3) Korsakoff's psychosis is a disease characterized by memory loss and a loss of contact with reality and results from A) cardiomyopathy.
B) cell loss in the brain.
C) liver damage.
D) alcohol dependence.
E) severe malnutrition.
Q4) Contrast substance abuse with substance dependence.
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Chapter 12: The Personality Disorders
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96 Verified Questions
96 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Borderline personality disorder is the most common diagnosis among inpatient psychiatric patients.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Despite the research, the Correctional Service of Canada seems reluctant to accept the fact that
A) psychopathy can occur in children.
B) psychopathy can occur in men.
C) psychopathy is a valid diagnosis.
D) psychopathy can occur in women.
E) psychopathy exists at all in the prison population.
Q3) Many people with personality disorders do not themselves believe that they have a problem.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The "Dark Triad" of socially aversive personality traits consists in: subclinical narcissism; depressive and dependency traits.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders
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122 Verified Questions
122 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Feelings of discomfort associated with one's biological sex is referred to as gender identity disorder.
A)True B)False
Q2) A vulnerable man may be influenced by media portrayals, such that he may be more likely to offend.
A)True B)False
Q3) The most common sexual complaint of males is
A) erectile disorder.
B) dyspareunia.
C) premature ejaculation.
D) hypoactive disorder.
E) orgasmic disorder.
Q4) Kellogg's cornflakes and graham crackers were developed to treat the ills of A) sexual dysfunctions.
B) fears of sexual intercourse.
C) Montezuma's revenge.
D) excessive sexuality.
E) gastrointestinal problems.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Developmental Disorders
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106 Verified Questions
106 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Kathy believes that the lives of individuals with disabilities should be as normal as possible. She is working by what has been called the __________ principle, introduced in Scandinavia by Bengt Nirje.
A) ordinary
B) similarity
C) normalization
D) regular
E) contact
Q2) Which of the following was NOT a finding of a recent Canadian survey of aberrant behaviour among children, adolescents and adults with developmental disabilities?
A) The frequency of problem behaviours did not vary according to sex.
B) The frequency of problem behaviours diminished with age.
C) One of the most frequently reported behaviours was pica (eating inedible substances).
D) Aggression and depression were the most common psychological problems reported in the older group.
E) The type and intensity of behaviour varied according to the degree of disability, age, and sex of the child.
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16
Chapter 15: Behaviour and Emotional Disorders of
Childhood and Adolescence
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113 Verified Questions
113 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain what is meant by the term heterotypic continuity and the evidence for it.
Q2) Which of the following developmental trajectories for children with ADHD is NOT true?
A) Earlier substance use in adulthood.
B) Becoming parents at a later age.
C) Higher rates of divorce and separation.
D) Lower occupational attainment.
E) Four times as many sexually transmitted diseases in adolescence.
Q3) Evaluate the four different types of treatment generally used for conduct-disordered children.
Q4) Julio's mother usually does not ask him where he is going, how he's doing in school, nor does she ever attend his basketball practices. If Julio were to engage in criminal or aggressive acts, psychologists would likely cite __________ as a causal factor in the development of his behaviour problems.
A) a dysfunctional family environment
B) avoidant attachment
C) insecure attachment
D) difficult temperament
E) poor parenting
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Mental Disorders and Aging
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114 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Delirium can occur at any age.
A)True
B)False
Q2) John's wife Marge has lately been waking up frequently, because her husband continually kicks her throughout the night. John went to his physician, who suspected that John was suffering from A) "The kicks".
B) secondary insomnia.
C) poor sleep hygiene.
D) primary insomnia.
E) nocturnal myoclonus.
Q3) The most common mental disorder among older adults is A) dementia.
B) delerium.
C) anxiety disorder.
D) memory loss.
E) depression.
Q4) Compare and contrast dementia, pseudo-dementia, cortical and subcortical dementias. Use examples.
Q5) Briefly describe Socio-Emotional Selectivity Theory (SST).
Page 18
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Chapter 17: Therapies
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Sample Questions
Q1) Jerome Frank identifies three essential ingredients in psychotherapeutic healing: _______, ______, and _______.
A) hope ; gaining awareness of one's own thought process ; gaining awareness of how one is perceived by others
B) hope ; an alternative explanation for the problem ; a prescription that the client think, feel, or act in a different way
C) calm ; gaining awareness of one's own thought process ; gaining awareness of how one is perceived by others
D) calm ; an alternative explanation for the problem ; a prescription that the client think, feel, or act in a different way
E) trust ; an alternative explanation for the problem; a prescription that the client think, feel, or act in a different way
Q2) Research has shown that clinical psychologists with more extensive training and years of experience are more effective.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Discuss the use of Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in treating disorders.
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Page 19
Chapter 18: Prevention and Mental Health Promotion in the Community
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Sample Questions
Q1) In developing a disease prevention program, researchers working from a Public Health approach tend to focus on three components of the disease: characteristics of the _____, characteristics of the ____ and finally, the ______, or manner by which the disease is transmitted.
A) host ; environment ; agent
B) germ ; environment ; agent
C) pathogen ; environment ; agent
D) host ; mechanism ; acquisition process
E) germ ; environment ; pathogenesis
Q2) Recently, some provinces have begun prevention initiatives.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The local high school has a program which attempts to provide teens with strategies to cope with peer pressures to drink and use drugs. This approach would be characteristic of A) campaigning.
B) public health approach.
C) drug education.
D) secondary prevention.
E) tertiary prevention.
Page 20
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Chapter 19: Mental Disorder and the Law
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73 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Although Canadian involuntary civil commitment criteria vary from province to province, similar elements do exist. List these and indicate how involuntary civil commitment in Canada differs from the conviction for a criminal offence.
Q2) Legal arguments tend to focus on whether a person's mental disorder is valid according to the law.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Describe the evolution of the insanity defence.
Q4) Persons deemed Unfit to stand trial are specifically, on account of mental disorder, unable to do each of the following EXCEPT
A) understand the nature of the proceeding.
B) clearly relate the important facts about their offence to a judge.
C) understand the possible consequences of the proceeding.
D) communicate with counsel.
E) understand the object of the proceeding.
Q5) What specific type of mental disorder can result in a person being acquitted, or NCRMD?
Q6) What are the important elements of the legal definition of mental disorder?
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