Abnormal Child Psychology
Midterm Exam
Course Introduction
Abnormal Child Psychology explores the origins, manifestations, and developmental trajectories of psychological disorders in children and adolescents. This course examines the classification, assessment, and treatment of a range of childhood disorders such as anxiety disorders, mood disorders, autism spectrum disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and conduct disorders. Students gain insight into the interplay of biological, psychological, and socio-cultural factors influencing abnormal development, as well as evidence-based approaches to intervention and prevention. Emphasis is placed on critical thinking and the application of research findings to real-world settings, preparing students to understand and support children facing mental health challenges.
Recommended Textbook
Introduction to Abnormal Child and Adolescent Psychology 3rd Edition by Robert Weis
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16 Chapters
1265 Verified Questions
1265 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Science and Practice of Abnormal Child Psychology
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) If there have been 100 new cases of posttraumatic stress disorder in children in a given town this year,that number would be the point prevalence rate.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) The integration of the best available research with clinician's expertise in the context of patient characteristics,culture,and preferences is known as ______.
A) holistic therapy
B) humanistic therapy
C) evidence-based practice
D) clinical judgment
Answer: C
Q3) Ineffective interventions can harm clients and their families by undermining their trust in the therapeutic process.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 3
Chapter 2: The Causes of Childhood Disorders: A Levels of Analysis Approach
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117 Verified Questions
117 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Your text describes a study by Avshalom Caspi and colleagues investigating the relationship between child maltreatment and later depression.Which of the following best describes the results?
A) Maltreated children were at higher risk of depression than nonmaltreated children, irrespective of genes.
B) Children who had one or two short alleles of the serotonin transporter gene were likely to develop depression in adulthood, even without maltreatment.
C) Children with two long alleles of the serotonin transporter gene were not likely to develop depression even if they experienced maltreatment.
D) Children with two short alleles were more likely to experience maltreatment than other children.
Answer: C
Q2) Which of the following is NOT true of Piaget's theory of cognitive development?
A) It holds that there are five stages of cognitive development.
B) The stages are in a fixed order.
C) The stages increase in complexity.
D) Not all individuals reach the final stage.
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: Assessment and Diagnosis
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Compare and contrast categorical classification with dimensional classification.What are the advantages and disadvantages of each?
Answer: The categorical approach is clearer: If you don't have the essential features,you cannot receive the diagnosis.There is little ambiguity in such a system,but it also isn't flexible to accommodate differences among people (or subpopulations)within a disorder.One advantage of dimensional classification is that it conveys more information than a simple category (yes/no),and it also allows clinicians to monitor changes in behavior (and severity)over time.However,using exclusively a categorical approach means that the demarcations between disorders,or between disorders and normality,may be seen as more arbitrary.
Q2) The Achenbach System for Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA)is ______.
A) a self-report tool
B) used to measure intelligence and achievement
C) a behavior rating scale
D) not valid for children under the age of 12
Answer: C
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Chapter 4: Treating Children, Adolescents, and Families
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the difference between ethics and morality? Can something ever be ethical and immoral,or moral and unethical?
Q2) A child who refuses to take medication and instead gives it to his peers is engaging in
A) adherence
B) compliance
C) diversion
D) diffusion
Q3) In the initiation phase of pharmacological treatment, ______.
A) the physician gradually titrates (decreases) the dosage of the medication so it is not too strong
B) the child must continue using the medication even if it causes side effects so the side effects can be sufficiently evaluated
C) if one medication in a class is not able to be tolerated, then other medications in the same class won't be tolerated either
D) switching to a new medication may be necessary if there is a failure to respond (no beneficial results) from the original medication
Q4) What is the difference between cognitive bias and cognitive distortion?
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Chapter 5: Intellectual Disability and Developmental
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79 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT one of the three domains of adaptive functioning?
A) conceptual
B) social
C) academic
D) practical
Q2) Zander is engaging in self-injurious behavior by biting his lips until they bleed.His therapist praises him when he talks,chews gum,or even sticks out his tongue,because when he engages in these behaviors he cannot bite his lips.This approach is ______.
A) differential reinforcement of incompatible behaviors
B) differential reinforcement of zero behavior
C) punishment by contingent stimulation
D) overcorrection
Q3) Which of the following conditions is associated with schizophrenia?
A) Down syndrome
B) 22q11.2 DS
C) Angelman syndrome
D) Williams syndrome
Q4) Provide an example of the use of positive punishment to correct behavior.Under what conditions would such an approach be used?
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Chapter 6: Autism Spectrum Disorder
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76 Verified Questions
76 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In a classroom using the TEACCH approach,the basketball and the basketball hoop are painted the same color.This is an example of ______.
A) scaffolding
B) visual schedules
C) hand-over-hand assistance
D) structured teaching
Q2) What was the primary difference between Leo Kanner's observations of children with "early infantile autism" and Hans Asperger's observations of "autistic psychopathy"?
A) Only Kanner's patients showed impairment in language.
B) Only Asperger's patients showed difficulties interacting with others.
C) Only Kanner's patients were overwhelmingly male.
D) Only Asperger's patients displayed an insistence on sameness.
Q3) Which of the following is NOT a specifier for the functioning of children with ASD in the DSM-5?
A) age at which the disturbance first appeared
B) medical condition or genetic disorder underlying the condition
C) severity of each class of symptoms
D) existence of language impairment
Q4) Describe some of the evidence for the heritability of ASD.
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Chapter 7: Communication and Learning Disorders
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86 Verified Questions
86 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A 36-month-old of normal intelligence who produces only one-word phrases would be most likely to be diagnosed with which of the following?
A) specific language impairment
B) late language emergence
C) speech sound disorder
D) specific learning disorder
Q2) Most children with speech sound disorder have phonological processing problems.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Marlene says,"I see two bike." This is an example of an error in ______.
A) phonology
B) morphology
C) semantics
D) pragmatics
Q4) Reading comprehension problems might be related to all of the following EXCEPT ______.
A) slow processing speed
B) poor verbal working memory
C) poor attention
D) underactive right hemisphere
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Attention-Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder
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71 Verified Questions
71 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) You and your 6-year-old cousin are playing a game where he runs around and tickles you.Then,his mother calls that it's time for dinner.Your cousin wants to keep playing the game.Despite repeated reminders to sit in his chair and eat dinner,he keeps running around.Your cousin's behavior may be related to challenges in what brain region or system?
A) the behavioral inhibition system (BIS)
B) the behavioral activation system (BAS)
C) the default mode network
D) the motor cortex
Q2) The evidence suggests that individuals with ADHD are more sensitive to ______ and less sensitive to ______.
A) dopamine; serotonin
B) serotonin; dopamine
C) immediate rewards; delayed rewards
D) delayed rewards; immediate rewards
Q3) What are the benefits and drawbacks of adding behavioral therapy to a medication regimen for kids with ADHD?
Q4) What is the evidence that the dopamine system is involved in ADHD?
Q5) Would psychostimulants create any effect for those without ADHD? Why or why not?
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Chapter 9: Conduct Problems in Children and Adolescents
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76 Verified Questions
76 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Aggressive and delinquent behavior is most strongly associated with:
A) ODD
B) CD
C) low emotional arousal
D) high emotional reactivity
Q2) The text describes a number of reasons girls might engage in relational aggression to a greater degree than boys do.Which of the following is NOT one of them?
A) Girls view relational aggression as more deniable than other types of aggression.
B) Girls are socialized differently and are discouraged from displaying anger through physical aggression.
C) Girls may find relational aggression to be more effective than physical aggression.
D) Girls' comparatively advanced language skills make relational aggression possible at younger ages for them than for boys.
Q3) What finding related to the development of conduct problems provides support for the diathesis-stress model?
Q4) How might academic underachievement perpetuate conduct problems?
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Chapter 10: Substance Use Disorders in Adolescents
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74 Verified Questions
74 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Monitoring the Future,alcohol ______.
A) has been used by nearly 75% of high school seniors
B) use disorder is reported in nearly 50% of high school seniors
C) use is more common than marijuana use among eighth graders, but less common than marijuana use among high school seniors
D) is second only to cigarettes among substances used by high school seniors
Q2) Daniel has just taken a substance at a party.Daniel is starting to feel disoriented and to see things that aren't really there,like hundreds of spiders crawling on the walls,and his friends' faces melting off their skulls.Which of the following do you suspect Daniel has just taken?
A) a hallucinogen
B) an inhalant
C) an opioid
D) a sedative, hypnotics, or anxiolytic
Q3) Relapse is ______.
A) relatively rare when youths have engaged in motivational enhancement therapy
B) relatively rare when youths have engaged in family therapy
C) relatively rare when youths have engaged in cognitive behavioral therapy
D) common, irrespective of the type of treatment
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Anxiety Disorders and Obsessivecompulsive Disorder
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83 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Parents of children with social anxiety disorder are often described as ______.
A) intrusive and overprotective
B) harsh and cold
C) reasonable and accommodating
D) alternating between hostile and permissive
Q2) Laila is worried that her classmates won't like her,that she won't do as well as she wants to in school,and that she won't get into a good college.Which of the following would be most helpful in determining whether Laila might meet criteria for generalized anxiety disorder?
A) knowing whether these worries impact her daily functioning
B) knowing how old Laila is
C) knowing whether she worries about things in the home setting as well
D) knowing whether Laila worries equally on the weekends as she does on weekdays
Q3) All children have an attachment style.
A)True
B)False
Q4) PANDAS is more closely tied to obsessive-compulsive disorder than to anxiety disorders.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Trauma-Related Disorders and Child
Maltreatment
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is true about the definition of child sexual abuse?
A) While there is disagreement on what constitutes sexual abuse, all experts agree that all children under the age of 18 can be child victims.
B) While the precise age of the child who can be subject to child sexual abuse varies from state to state, all experts agree that any physical contact for the sexual gratification of adults constitutes sexual abuse, and that contact is necessary for it to be considered abusive.
C) While states vary about the degree of sexual contact needed to constitute sexual abuse, all experts agree that sexual acts are abusive in children because they, by definition, cannot give consent.
D) There is disagreement on what constitutes a "child", what constitutes "sexual" and what constitutes "abuse" among experts.
Q2) Reactive attachment disorder involves which of the following?
A) children who have experienced overly intrusive parenting styles
B) children producing attachment behaviors too frequently or at unexpected times
C) children not seeking or responding to comfort
D) children having excessive emotional reactions, being either excessively happy or excessively sad or anxious
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Chapter 13: Depressive Disorders and Suicide
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91 Verified Questions
91 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is the best predictor of a future suicide attempt?
A) diagnosis of depression
B) ethnicity
C) the combination of age and gender, with females between 12 and 18 at highest risk
D) previous suicidal thoughts and actions
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a symptom of major depressive disorder?
A) feelings of worthlessness or guilt
B) depressed mood
C) temper outbursts
D) thought and concentration problems
Q3) A therapist asks a boy,"Is there any part of you that wants to die?" This question is meant to assess thoughts of death.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A model of depression to explain its higher prevalence in girls centers around excessive empathy,excessive compliance,and problems with emotion regulation.If a boy exhibited all three of these factors,would he too be at higher risk for depression? Why or why not?
Q5) What is the evidence for the monoamine hypothesis?
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Chapter 14: Pediatric Bipolar Disorders and Schizophrenia
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79 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the evidence that genetics does not entirely account for schizophrenia?
Q2) Kelsey was age 4 when her mom noticed that she was having difficulty cutting with scissors and learning to tie her shoes.She also was just becoming potty trained,while her younger sister,age 2,was already starting to potty train successfully.Kelsey also had some difficulty forming sentences and didn't seem to take as much pleasure in being around other children or smile and laugh the way other children typically did.By the time she was 15,Kelsey was diagnosed with schizophrenia.Her clinician told Kelsey's mom that Kelsey's behavior at age 4 was evidence of which of the following?
A) the premorbid stage
B) the prodromal stage
C) the acute stage
D) the residual stage
Q3) How do children with bipolar disorders differ from children with disruptive mood dysregulation disorder?
Q4) Most adults with bipolar disorders report that their symptoms began in childhood or adolescence.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain the neurodevelopmental model for schizophrenia.
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Chapter 15: Feeding and Eating Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) When those with anorexia nervosa begin refeeding to regain weight,their risk for cardiac arrhythmias drops dramatically and immediately.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Brent's mother is concerned.At least two times a day when she feeds him,he throws up,rechews the food,and then swallows it again.At age 14 months,this seems unusual and is disturbing to her.This has been going on since he was 9 months old.Which of the following would you need to know before diagnosing Brent with rumination disorder?
A) Does Brent regurgitate food even when he is fed by an individual other than his mother?
B) Does Brent regurgitate food in at least two settings?
C) Does Brent have any physical medical conditions that are influencing his regurgitation?
D) Does Brent have clinically significant distress?
Q3) Individuals with eating disorders typically have at least one comorbid mental health problem.
A)True
B)False
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17
Chapter 16: Health-Related Disorders and Pediatric Psychology
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Since many cases of enuresis spontaneously resolve,is treating it really necessary?
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a main way in which pediatric psychologists are involved in the care of youths with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) described in your text?
A) managing chronic pain
B) increasing adherence to medication and exercise therapy
C) reducing stress and conflict within the family
D) improving social skills to minimize peer ostracism
Q3) Which is the most widely used treatment for pediatric insomnia?
A) behavior modification
B) cognitive restructuring
C) planned ignoring
D) medication
Q4) Which of the following is most likely to be a treatment for obstructive sleep apnea in children?
A) removal of the adenoids or tonsils
B) sleep hygiene training
C) a continuous positive air pressure (CPAP) device
D) sedative medication
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