428 Caterpillar Backhoe Loader Operation and Maintenace Manual by quality service repair manual

PreviousScreen

Product:BACKHOELOADER

Model:428BBACKHOELOADER7EJ

Configuration:428BBACKHOELOADER7EJ00001-05999(MACHINE)POWEREDBY3054DIESELENGINE

OperationandMaintenanceManual

CaterpillarFiltersRecommendations

MediaNumber-SEBU9208-00PublicationDate-01/02/2018DateUpdated-13/12/2013

Foreword

SMCS-7566

Fluids/FiltersRecommendation

LiteratureInformation

Thismanualshouldbestoredintheliteratureholderorintheliteraturestorageareaonthemachine. Immediatelyreplacethismanualiflost,damaged,orunreadable.

Theinformationcontainedinthisdocumentisthemostcurrentinformationavailableforfluid maintenanceandserviceproducts.Specialmaintenanceandserviceproductsmayberequiredfor somemachinecompartments.RefertotheOperationandMaintenanceManualforyourmachinefor themaintenanceandservicerequirements.Read,study,andkeepthismanualwiththeproduct.This manualshouldbereadcarefullybeforeusingthisproductforthefirsttimeandbeforeperforming maintenance.

Wheneveraquestionarisesregardingyourproduct,orthispublication,consultyourdealerforthe latestavailableinformation.

Safety

RefertotheOperationandMaintenanceManualforyourmachineforallsafetyinformation.Read andunderstandthebasicsafetyprecautionslistedintheSafetySection.Inadditiontosafety precautions,thissectionidentifiesthetextandlocationsofwarningsignsusedonthemachine.

ReadandunderstandtheapplicableprecautionslistedintheMaintenanceandOperationSections beforeoperatingorperforminglubrication,maintenance,andrepaironthismachine.

Maintenance

RefertotheOperationandMaintenanceManualforyourmachinetodetermineallmaintenance requirements.

Propermaintenanceandrepairareessentialtokeeptheequipmentandsystemsoperatingcorrectly. Astheowner,youareresponsiblefortheperformanceoftherequiredmaintenancelistedinthe OwnerManual,OperationandMaintenanceManual,andServiceManual.

MaintenanceIntervalSchedule

UsetheMaintenanceIntervalScheduleintheOperationandMaintenanceManualforyourmachine todetermineservicingintervals.Usetheservicehourmetertodetermineservicingintervals.Calendar intervalsshown(daily,weekly,monthly,etc.)canbeusedinsteadofservicehourmeterintervalsif calendarintervalsprovidemoreconvenientservicingschedulesandapproximatetheindicatedservice hourmeterreading.Recommendedserviceshouldalwaysbeperformedattheintervalthatoccurs first.

Underextremelysevere,dusty,orwetoperatingconditions,morefrequentlubricationand/orfilter changesthanisspecifiedinthemaintenanceintervalschartmightbenecessary.

Followingtherecommendedmaintenanceintervalsreducestheriskofexcessivewearandpotential failuresofcomponents.

AftermarketProductsandWarranty

NOTICE

Whenauxiliarydevices,accessoriesorconsumables(filters,oil, additives,catalysts,fuel,etc.)madebyothermanufacturersareused onCatproducts,theCaterpillarwarrantyisnotaffectedsimply becauseofsuchuse.Failuresthatresultfromtheinstallationorusage ofothermanufacturersauxiliarydevices,accessoriesorconsumables, however,arenotCaterpillarfactorydefectsandthereforeareNOT coveredbyCaterpillar'swarranty.

Caterpillarisnotinapositiontoevaluatethemanyauxiliarydevices, accessoriesorconsumablespromotedbyothermanufacturersand theireffectonCatproducts.Installationoruseofsuchitemsisatthe discretionofthecustomerwhoassumesALLrisksfortheeffectsthat resultfromthisusage.

Furthermore,Caterpillardoesnotauthorizetheuseofitstradename, trademark,orlogoinamannerwhichimpliesourendorsementof theseaftermarketproducts.

PreviousScreen

Product:BACKHOELOADER

Model:428BBACKHOELOADER7EJ

Configuration:428BBACKHOELOADER7EJ00001-05999(MACHINE)POWEREDBY3054DIESELENGINE OperationandMaintenanceManual

MediaNumber-SEBU9208-00PublicationDate-01/02/2018DateUpdated-13/12/2013

Breathers

SMCS-1054

i05539931

Breathersareusedonmachinefluidtanksandonbulkfluidstoragetanks.Breathersaredesignedand sizedtoequalizethepressuredifferentialsbetweentheinsideofthetankandtheoutsideatmosphere. Theyieldstrengthofthefluidtanksisalsooneofthedesigncriteriaforbreathers.

Athightemperatures,fluidsmayexpandandcreatepressureinsidetanks.Breathersallowtheexcess gastoflowfromthetanktotheoutside,whichrelievespressurebuildup.Similarly,atlow temperatures,pressureinsidetanksmaydecreaseandcreateavacuuminthetank.Breathersinthis caseallowtheingressionofexternalairtopreventtankcollapseandatthesametimefilterthe incomingairtokeepthefluidclean.Breathersarealsousedtocompensateforvolumechangesinthe tank.Forexample,inhydraulicsystems,whensignificantchangeofthelengthofhydrauliccylinders occursquicklythechangecausesasuddensurgeofoilflowintothehydraulictank.Thissuddenflow ofoilpressurizestheairinthetank.Breathersallowthepressurizedairtoescapefromthetank, equalizethepressure,andavoiddamageofthetank.Breathersaredesignedbasedonthetanksizeto allowtheappropriatevolumeofgasflowinordertoprotecttanks.Breatherdesignisalsobasedon therateofflowandthetankyieldstrength.

Mostbreathersmayhaveanintegralfilterelementoraseparateserviceablefilterelement.Filter elementsinbreatherspreventtheingressionofdirtastheairmovesintothetank.Filterelementsalso preventthemovementoffluidssuchasfuelsoroilsfromthetanksandintotheatmosphere,which reducescontamination.

Ingeneral,breatherswithfilterelementsarerecommendedforallfluidtanks.Breatherswithfilter elementsarespecificallyrecommendedforuseonfueltanks,whetherbulkormachinetanks.Afour micronfilterratingisrecommendedforthesebreatherstokeepthefuelsclean.

Somebreatherdesignsrequiretheservicingofthefilterelementonly,whileotherdesignsrequirethe servicingoftheentirebreather.FollowtheinstructionsgiveninyourOperationandMaintenance Manualforbreatherserviceliferecommendations.ConsultyourCatdealerforavailabilityof breathersforyourapplications.

Product:BACKHOELOADER

Model:428BBACKHOELOADER7EJ

Configuration:428BBACKHOELOADER7EJ00001-05999(MACHINE)POWEREDBY3054DIESELENGINE OperationandMaintenanceManual

MediaNumber-SEBU9208-00PublicationDate-01/02/2018DateUpdated-13/12/2013

BulkFiltration

SMCS-108K;1261;1308;5068

i05539995

Bulkfiltrationisalargefiltrationunitthatisusedwithexternalfuelstoragetankssuchasthoseused tofuelworksites.Bulkfiltrationisdesignedtoremovecontaminationandwaterfromlargevolumes offuelinonepass.Bulkfilterunitsareplacedinthefuelsupplylinebetweenfuelstoragetankand fuelingstation.Properstoragetanksettlinganddrainingpracticesremoveportionsofdirtandwaterin thefuel.Bulkfiltrationremovestherestofthedirtandwaterandensuresthatthefuelreachesthe fuelingstationatthepropercleanlinesslevel.

Bulkfiltrationunitsaretypicallymadeoftwounits.Theunitsareconnectedwithpropershutoff valvesandpressuregaugesthatallowpropermaintenanceandensurethatthefuelispassingthrough freeofwater.Thetwounitsare:

ParticulateFilter-AlargecapacityUltraHighEfficiencyfilterunitthatremovesdirtfromthefuel.

CoalescerUnit-ACoalescerunitthatremoveswaterfromthecleanfuel.Typicallythecoalescer unitismadeofmultiplecoalescingfilterelementsthatcanremovethewaterefficientlyandquickly fromthecleanfuel.Theseparatedwatercanbedrainedasneeded.

Bulkfilterunitscanbecustomengineeredtomeettheneedsofthecustomerfuelingsite.

Caterpillaroffersspeciallydesignedbulkfiltrationunitsinfourdifferentcapacities:

•50GallonsperMinute

•100GallonsperMinute

•200GallonsperMinute

•300GallonsperMinute

EachCatbulkfiltrationunitismountedonaskid,selfcontained,requiresnoelectricpower,andhas thefollowingfeatures:

•4micronabsoluteparticularfilter

•150psimaximumpressurecapability

•Filterdeltapressureindicator

•Watercoalescerwiththecapabilitytoremove3%continuouswaterinfuel.Thefuelpassing throughthecoalescercontainslessthan100ppmwaterbyvolume.

•Automaticslugcontrolvalvetoshutoffsupplyiflargequantitiesofwaterinthefuelexceed theautomaticdraincapacity,oriftheparticulatefiltersstarttoplug.Thisvalveensuresthat debrisandwaterarenotallowedtopassintothemachine.

Note:Thecostofbulkfilterunitsissignificantupfront,butbulkunitsaremoreeconomical,less laborintensiveandmorereliablethaninstallingandmaintainingadditionalfiltrationunitsoneach machineinafleet.Thefiltercoalescerunitensuresthatonlycleanfuelentersthefueltankofthe machineorengine.Ifbulkfiltrationisused,thestandardfiltrationonthemachineisadequateto providefuelfiltration.

AllRightsReserved. PrivateNetworkForSISLicensees.

MonMay1009:47:40UTC+05302021

PreviousScreen

Product:BACKHOELOADER

Model:428BBACKHOELOADER7EJ

Configuration:428BBACKHOELOADER7EJ00001-05999(MACHINE)POWEREDBY3054DIESELENGINE

OperationandMaintenanceManual

MediaNumber-SEBU9208-00PublicationDate-01/02/2018DateUpdated-13/12/2013

CabAirFilters

SMCS-7342

i05540350

Thepurposeofacabinairfilteristocleantheaircomingintothecab.Therearetypicallytwocabin airfilters,afreshairfilterandarecirculationfilter.Thefreshairfiltercleanstheoutsideairpriorto enteringthecab.Therecirculationfiltercleanstheairthatisinsidethecab.Cabinairfiltershelpto protectthecabheatingandcoolingsystemfromdirtanddebris.Cabinairfiltersalsohelpwith operatorwell-beingbyprovidingcleanairwithinthecab.Thecabinairfiltershelptocreatea comfortableworkingenvironmentfortheoperator.

Note:Cabinairfiltersarenotforuseinfilteringhazardousmaterials.

Cabinairfiltersaredesignedspecificallyfortheapplicationinordertosupplytheproperairflowto thecab.ConsultyourCatdealerforthespecificcabinairfilterthatisdesignedforyourmachine.Do notsubstituteanyothercabinairfilter.

Note:Cabinairfiltersthatarenotdesignedfortheairflowandapplicationcandamagethecab heatingandcoolingsystemcausingpoorperformance.ConsultyourCatdealerforthespecificcabin airfilterthatisdesignedforyourmachineanddonotsubstituteanyothercabinairfilter.

High-qualitycabinairfiltersystemshavethefollowingcharacteristics:

•Allowtheappropriatevolumeofcleanairtothecab

•Designedwiththecapacityfortheintendedlifeandmaintenanceintervals

•Withstandthevibrationsexpectedinthemachineandapplication

•Effectivelycleantheairtoprotectthecabheatingandcoolingcomponents

•Createacleanerandmorecomfortableworkingenvironmentfortheoperator

•Allowforeaseofserviceability

Note:Cabinairfiltersforoff-roadmachineshavetoberobustandofferdesiredlifeandperformance underdemandingconditions.Off-roadmachinestypicallyexperiencehighvibration,highimpacts, anddustyenvironments.Thecabinairfilterelementsusedinoff-roadapplicationshavetoofferhigh dirtholdingcapacityinordertoprotectthecabheatingandcoolingsystemforthedesignedservice lifeofthefilter.Useofinferiorqualityfiltersoruseoffiltersotherthanthefiltersrecommendedfor yourmachinemaycausepoorperformanceanddamagetothecabheatingandcoolingsystem.

CatcabinairfiltersaredesignedforoptimalfitandperformanceintoallCatmachines.Thesefilters aredevelopedusinghigh-qualitymaterials,alongwithprecisedesignsanddimensions.Thesefilters offerthebestcapacity,leveloffiltration,andservicelifeneededforallCatmachinesandforall conditionsofoperation.

Cabinairfiltersareselectedbasedontheairflowrequirementsofthecab.Thefollowingarethemain componentsfordesigningacabinairfilterfortheapplication.

CabAirFlow-Airflowneededforappropriatecabpressurization,aswellasheatingandcooling. Cabairflowistypicallyexpressedincubicfeetperminute(cfm),cubicmetersperminute(m3/min), orkilogramsperhour(kg/hr).

InitialandFinalRestriction-Airrestrictionlimitneededtoensurecontinuousflowofappropriate volumethroughouttheservicelifeofthefilter.Initialrestrictionismeasuredwithacleanfilter.Final restrictionismeasuredwithafullyloadeddirtyfilter.Restrictionistypicallyexpressedininchesof water(inH2O)orkilopascals(kPa).

DustConcentration-Amountofdirt,dust,andcontaminationexpectedintheapplication environment.Dustconcentrationistypicallyexpressedingramspermetercubed(g/m3).

Mounting-Availablespacetolocatethecabinairfilterproperly,whileconsideringthevibrations expectedduringoperationofthemachine.

ServiceInterval-Expectedfrequencyofdirtyfilterreplacement.Theserviceintervalistypically expressedinhours(hrs).

CabinAirFilterOptions

Standard

StandardefficiencycabinairfiltersareavailableforallCatequipmentmodels.Standardefficiency cabinairfiltersarerecommendedfornormaldutyfiltration.Standardefficiencymediaisdesignedto preventdirt,soot,sand,andothercontaminatesfromenteringthecabundernormaloperating conditions.

HighEfficiency

HighefficiencycabinairfiltersareavailableforsomeCatequipmentmodels.Highefficiencycabin airfiltersarerecommendedforextremelydustyenvironments.Highefficiencycabinairfiltershavea higherinitialandoverallefficiencyforimprovedperformance.Highefficiencycabinairfiltershave

improveddirtholdingcapacity,whichextendsfilterservicelife,dependingontheoperating conditions.

ActivatedCarbon

ActivatedcarboncabinairfiltersareavailableforsomeCatequipmentmodels.Thesecabinairfilters arerecommendedinsituationswhereodorisaproblem.Activatedcarboncabinairfiltersabsorb odorsaswellascapturingdust.Activatedcarboncabinairfiltersmustbereplacedregularlyfor maximumodorreduction.

LowerRestriction

LowerrestrictioncabinairfiltersareavailableforsomeCatequipmentmodels.Lowerrestriction cabinairfiltersaretypicallyrecommendedinsituationswherethereispoorcabairflow.Lower restrictioncabinairfiltersallowformoreairflowintothecab,buttypicallyhavealowerefficiency.

CabinAirFilterServicing

Thecapacityandrestrictionofcabinairfiltersarecarefullydesignedfortheoptimalcabairflowand cleanliness.Properserviceandmanagementofthecabinairfiltersprotectstheheatingandcooling systemfromdirtanddust,increasesfilterlife,improvesefficiency,andreducescostofservicing. Properserviceandmanagementofthecabinairfiltersalsocreatesacleanerandmorecomfortable workingenvironmentfortheoperator.

•Usecarewhenhandlinganewfilterelementduringservicing.Keepthefilterelementcleanand intheappropriatepackaginguntilreadytoinstallthefilterintothehousing.Keepthefilter elementexposuretoopenairtoaminimumtolimitintroductionofdirtorelementdamage.

•Inspectthenewfilterelementpriortoinstallationintothehousingtoensurethattheelementis freefromanydamage.Ensurethatthefilterelementiswellseatedandsealedagainstthe housing.

•Donot"tap"afilterelement,suchasonahardsurface,toremovethedust.Hittingthefilter elementonasurfacetoremovethedustcandamagethefilterelement.Deeplyembeddeddirt cannotberemovedbytappingthefilterelement.Thisprocesswillalsoremovethedirtlayer thatincreasesthefilterelementefficiency.

•Alwayschangeairfilterelementsbasedontherecommendedserviceinterval,notthe appearanceofthefilter.RefertotheOperationandMaintenanceManualfortherecommended maintenanceintervals.

•Changingtheairfilterelementbasedontherecommendedserviceintervalsallowsforoptimal servicelifeandefficiency.Changingtheairfilterelementpriortothedesignedlifeincreases servicetimeandcostunnecessarily.Changinganairfilterelementlatemaycausedamageto thecabheatingandcoolingsystemduetopotentialfailureofthefilterelement.

•Whenservicingtheairfilter,inspectthehousingandmatingcomponentsforapparentdamage. Replaceasneeded.

CabinAirPrecleaners

Thepurposeofthecabinairprecleaneristocleantheairbeforetheairreachesthefreshairfilter. Thisprecleaningisaccomplishedbyusingamotorandfantospintheincomingairatveryhighspeed insidetheprecleaner.Theheavyparticlesrideontheoutsideoftheprecleanerbodyandareejected backtotheoutsidebeforeeverreachingthefilter.

Cabinairprecleanersextendthelifeofthefreshairfilters.Customershavedemonstratedatypical increaseinfilterlifeof5to10timescomparedtosystemswithouttheprecleaner.Asaresult,theuse ofcabinairprecleanerreducesthecostassociatedwithfrequentaircleanerchangesandreducesthe maintenancetimeforfilterreplacement.

Additionally,cabinairprecleanersresultinpositive(higher)andmoreconsistentcabinairpressure. Thispositivecabinairpressurekeepsthecleanairinsidethecabwhilekeepingthedirtyairoutside. Withoutpositivecabinairpressure,dirtyoutsideaircanenterthecabthroughanysmallopenings includingbrokendoorseals,windowcracks,skipwelds,andcabpenetrations(harnesses,hydraulic lines,hoses).Withoutaprecleaner,thecabpressureishigheratthefastestfanspeedsettingandlower atthelowestfanspeedsetting.Withaprecleanerinstalled,thecabpressureremainshighnomatter whatfanspeedisselected.

CabPressureMonitor

Cabpressureisveryimportanttomaintainingaclean,healthyworkingenvironmentinsidethecab. Duetothisimportance,measuringcabinairinrealtimeandtomonitoringcabinairisuseful.This monitoringallowstheoperatortoreceivefeedbackifadoororwindowisleftopenorifafilterhas becomepluggedwithdirt.Caterpillarhasreleasedacabinpressuremonitorfordealerinstallation withadigitalreadout,programmablepressuresetpoint,andaudiblealarm.ConsultyourCatdealer formoreinformationandrefertoyourOperationandMaintenanceManualformoreinformation.

MonMay1009:49:13UTC+05302021

Product:BACKHOELOADER

Model:428BBACKHOELOADER7EJ

Configuration:428BBACKHOELOADER7EJ00001-05999(MACHINE)POWEREDBY3054DIESELENGINE

MediaNumber-SEBU9208-00PublicationDate-01/02/2018DateUpdated-13/12/2013 i05539271

CatFilters

SMCS-1054;108K;1261;1263;1308;5068;7342

CatfiltersaredesignedandbuiltbyCaterpillartoofferoptimumperformanceinCatequipmentand engines.CatfiltersaremanufacturedworldwidetothesamepreciseCaterpillarspecifications.Asa result,Catfiltersareofcommonqualityanddesignandofferthesameperformanceworldwide.

CatfiltersareextensivelytestedandvalidatedtoensuretheoptimalperformanceinCatmachinesand engines.CatfiltersareoptimizedforCatequipment.

CaterpillardesignsandbuildsfilterstoserviceallthefiltrationneedsofCatcompletemachineand engineproductlines.Catfiltershavebeendesignedandconstructedofhigh-qualitymaterialsinorder tokeepmachinecompartmentandenginesatthedesiredlevelofcleanliness.Thesefiltersallowthe machinecompartmentsandenginestofunctionperthequalitydesignedintothesecomponents.Cat filtersareusedasfactoryfitandforproductservice.

MonMay1009:44:12UTC+05302021

Product:BACKHOELOADER

Model:428BBACKHOELOADER7EJ

Configuration:428BBACKHOELOADER7EJ00001-05999(MACHINE)POWEREDBY3054DIESELENGINE

OperationandMaintenanceManual

MediaNumber-SEBU9208-00PublicationDate-01/02/2018DateUpdated-13/12/2013

ContaminationControl

SMCS-1054;108K;1261;1263;1308;5068;7342

DefiningContamination

i05540463

Contaminationisdefinedasthepresenceofunwantedforeignsubstancesinfluidsystemsorfluid wettedparts.Contaminationaltersthepropertiesoffluids,causesdamageoffluidsystems,and preventssystemsandcomponentsfromattainingthedesiredreliabilityanddurability.Contamination istheprimarycauseoffluidsystemfailures.

Contaminantsincludeawidevarietyofunwantedsubstancesincludingbutnotlimitedtothe following:

•Foreignandabrasivesubstancessuchaswearparticles,fibers,dirt,anddust

•Chemicalsubstancessuchasproductsofcombustionthataresuspendedinthefluids

•Crosscontaminationofwater,coolant,oil,andfuel

•Biologicalmicro-organismssuchasalgaeorfungi

•Physical/chemicalcontaminantssuchasproductsofoxidationandheat

Somecontaminantsaregeneratedwithinthefluidsystemduetothenormaloperationofthesystem. Contaminantsmaybedrawnintothesystemfromtheoutsideenvironmentorcontaminatedfillfluids orimpropermaintenanceandrepairpractices.

Particlecontaminantsarevisibletothenakedeyeiftheparticlesareapproximately40µm(microns) andlargerwhilesmallerparticlesarenotvisible.Particlecontaminantscancausedamageevenifthe particlesarenotvisibletothenakedeye.Thecriticalparticlesizeforwearparticlesinamodern dieselenginefuelsystemis4µm.

Contaminantsofalltypescanbecontrolledbyfollowingcontaminationcontrolpracticesandusing appropriatefiltration.RefertoyourOperationandMaintenanceManualandtoyourlocalCatdealer forrecommendations.

Controllingcontaminationisespeciallyimportantforcurrentmachinesystems.Currentmachine systemssuchashydraulicsystemsandfuelinjectionsystemsaredesignedwithclosetolerancesand operateathighpressuresforenhancedperformance.Thesedesignimprovementsemphasizethe importanceofhigherperformingfluids,enhancedfluidfiltration,andgreatlyimprovedfluid cleanlinesslevels.

MeasuringCleanliness

Fluidcleanlinesscanbemeasuredbytakingfluidsamplesfromvariousmachinecompartments.Your Catdealercananalyzethesamples.Particlecontaminantsaretypicallymeasuredbyparticlecounters. Chemicalcontaminantscanbemeasuredbyspecificanalysistechniquessuchasoxidation,water,or soottests.Somechemicalcontaminants,suchaswaterinfuel,caninterferewiththeparticlecounters andcanbecountedasparticles.RefertoyourCatS·O·SlabortoyourCatdealerformore information.

Thenumberofparticlesinfluidsisexpressedin"ISO(InternationalOrganizationfor Standardization)"ratings."ISO4406"Standardclassifiesfluidcleanlinessbythenumberandsizeof particlesin1milliliteroffluid."ISO4406"Standardmeasuresparticlesizeinµm(microns)and reportstheresultingcountinthreecoderangesX,Y&Z.Thethreecoderangedefinesthesizeand distributionofparticlesin1milliliteroffluid:

•Thefirstcoderange,Xrepresentsthenumberofparticlesequaltoorlargerthan4µmper milliliteroffluid.

•Thesecondcoderange,Yrepresentsthenumberofparticlesequaltoorlargerthan6µmper milliliteroffluid.

•Thethirdcoderange,Zrepresentsthenumberofparticlesequaltoorlargerthan14µmper milliliteroffluid.

Anexampleofan"ISO4406"particlecountis18/16/13.Cat"ISO"cleanlinessrecommendationsare expressedastwoorthreecodes,dependingonthemachinesystem.Thethreecoderangefollows "ISO4406"definitionsandisusedforliquidfuelssuchasdieselandgasoline.Thetwocodesystem, example"ISO-/16/13",isusedforcertainlubricantsystems.Inthetwocodesystem,thefirstnumber isthenumberofparticlesequaltoorlargerthan4µmpermilliliteroffluid.Thisnumberisnot requiredandmayberepresentedbyadash(-).Thesecondnumber(Y)andthethirdnumber(Z) follow"ISO4406"definitions.CatreportstheYandZcodesforlubricatingoilstokeepconsistency witholderdataandreports.

Anexampleoftheparticlesizeanddistributionofthe"ISO4406"codesisgiveninTable1.

Table1

ISO4406Code

This is the sample of the manual Click on the download link for complete Manual

"ISO18/16/13"1300-2500320-64040-80

"ISO21/19/17"10000-200002500-500080-160

Note:Severalfactorsaffecttheresultsofparticlecounts.Thefactorsincludethecleanlinessofthe equipmentusedtoobtainthesample,sampletechniques,thecleanliness,andtypeofsample container,particlecounteraccuracy(calibration,maintenance,andprocess),andtheenvironment wherethesampleisprocured.Samplesshouldbetakenatrepresentativelocationsinthefluid circulationsystemorthefluiddistributionsystemwhenpossible.Thesampleshouldbeprotected adequatelyfromcontaminationduringtransporttothelabforanalysis.

Inaddition,particlecountersmaycountwaterdropletsandairbubblesasparticulatecontamination.

Note:AmericanSocietyforTestingandMeasurementhasdeveloped"ASTMD7619""StandardTest MethodforSizingandCountingParticlesinLightandMiddleDistillateFuels,byAutomaticParticle Counter".Thistestprocedurewasdevelopedin2010tocountandmeasurethesizeofdisperseddirt particles,waterdroplets,andotherparticlesin1-Dand2-Ddieselfuelswhenthespecifiedparticle counterisused."ASTMD7619"isalsoapplicabletobiodieselfuels.

CleanlinessStandardsforMachineSystems

Catrecommendsthatmachinesystemsbemaintainedatthefactorydefinedfluidcleanlinesstargets.

Cathasestablishedminimumfluidcleanlinesstargetsforfuelsandfilloilsandformachineroll-off. Fluidsfilledintothemachineorenginefilltanksarerecommendedtobeatthetargetlevelsprovided inTable2orcleaner.Cleanlinesstargetsforapplicablemachinecomponentsystemsarereferredtoas "Roll-off".Roll-offisdefinedasthecleanlinessspecificationofthefluidthatistobeobtainedbefore themachinereturnstoworkaftermaintenanceandorsysteminvasionrepair.Whensystemfillfluids andRoll-offaremaintainedatorcleanerthanthe"ISO"cleanlinesstargets,contamination-related effectswillbereduced.

Table2

18/16/13

Differentials,Wheels,and Axles(4)

(1)ThefluidsshouldmeetorexceedthecleanlinessrequirementsofthelistedISOlevels.

ISO-/18/15

(2)Forengineoils,whenfilteringtheoilpriortodispensingintotheenginetank,useengineoilfiltersof12micron absoluteefficiencyandensurethattheoiltemperatureis20°C(68°F)orhigher.Refertothedetailsgiveninthis article.

(3)Fortransmission,gear,differentialandaxleoils,additivesandtheviscosityoftheoilmayinterferewithparticle counting.Analternativeistouseadequatefiltrationtoensurecleanoilspriortofillinginthemachinecompartment.

(4)ThiscleanlinessstandardappliesonlytotheSeries700familyofrigidframetrucks,777sizeandlarger.

The"fill"fluidscleanlinesstargetisnotafluid"delivery"target.Thelevelofcleanlinessfordelivered fluidsisnotspecifiedbyCat.Customerscanworkwiththedistributorsorcarrierstodeterminethe cleanlinesslevelofdeliveredfluids.However,amoreeffectiveandeconomicmeanstoachievethe fillcleanlinesstargetsistofilterthefluidspriortofillingintomachinetanksascomparedwith specifyingdeliveryfluidcleanlinesslevel.FollowtheguidelinesprovidedinthisContamination Controlarticle.

Althougholdertechnologymachinesmaynotbeabletomaintaintherecommendedcleanliness targetsofadvancedmodels,thesamecontaminationcontrolinterventionmeasuressuchasfiltration andsubsequentserviceproceduresshouldbeusedonallCatproducts.

Theviscosityandadditivesofpowertrainoilsincludingtransmission,gear,differential,andaxleoils caninterferewithparticlecounting.Analternativeoptionistofiltertheoilsusingadequatefiltration toensurecleanoilspriortofillinginthemachinecompartments.

Note:Whenparticlecountingnewmulti-viscosityengineoils,theremaybedifficultiesachieving cleanlinesstargets.Opticalparticlecounterscannotdistinguishbetweenparticulatecontaminantsand additives.Donotuseopticalparticlecountfortheevaluationofusedengineoilsbecausesootlevels renderoiltoodarkforopticalparticlecounters.Sootlevelsinusedengineoilsshouldbeevaluatedby usingS·O·SServicesOilAnalysis.

Whenfilteringengineoilbeforedispensingintotheenginetankorwhenengineoilkidneylooping filtrationisdone,followtheserecommendations:

•Useengineoilfiltersof12micronsabsoluteefficiency.CatUltraHighEfficiencyLubefilteris recommended.ConsultyourCatdealerforthemostcurrentpartnumber.

•Ensurethatthetemperatureofengineoilis20°C(68°F)orhigher.

ConsultyourCatdealerforinformationandsolutionstoyouroilandfuelanalysisneeds.

GeneralContaminationControlRecommendationsorPractices

Maintainingalowcontaminationlevelcanreducedowntimeandcancontrolthemaintenancecostof themachine.Theproductivelifeaswellasthereliabilityofcomponentsandfluidsystemsisoften increasedasaresultofpropercontaminationcontrolpractices.

Thefollowingaregeneralguidelinesforcontrollingcontaminants.

•RefertotheRecommendationsforFuelSystemsinthischapterforrecommendedfuel cleanlinesslevelsandguidelines.

•RefertothemachineOperationandMaintenanceManualfortherequiredmaintenanceforall machinecompartments.

•Whenyouaddoiltoamachine,useadequatefiltrationinordertocleantheoiltomeetthe targetsprovidedinTable2.

•PerformscheduledS·O·SServicesOilAnalysisforcontaminationinordertomaintainthe recommendedISOcleanlinessleveloffillandmachinefluids.RefertotheS·O·SOilAnalysis sectioninthisSpecialPublication.TheparticlecountanalysiscanbeperformedbyyourCat dealer.ParticlecountcanbeconductedduringthescheduledS·O·SServicesOilAnalysisfor thecompartment.Extraoilsamplesarenotrequiredfortheparticlecountsampling.

•UseonlycoolantsthatarerecommendedbyCatforyourmachine.Followtherecommended maintenanceprocedureforthecoolingsystemintheOperationandMaintenanceManualfor yourmachine.

•Maintaintheengineairfiltersandairintakesystemtoavoidunwantedcontaminantingression.

•Followcontaminationcontrolpracticesfortheshoparea,component/machinedisassembly areas,parts,shoptools,testsetups,testareas,storageareasandwastecollectionareas,Keep componentscleanduringinspection,assembly,testing,andfillingmachineswithcleanfluids. Goodpracticeswillenhancecomponentlifeandreducedowntimeassociatedwith contaminants.YourCatdealercanprovidedetailsonpropercontaminationprocessesand practices.

•Followcontaminationcontrolpracticesfortheworkplaceandfortheworksite.Maintaining cleanoilfillfluidssavestimeandeffortandensuresthatfillfluidsareatthepropercleanliness levels.

•Useproperlydesignedandmaintainedbulkstoragefluidstanks.

•Protectthefluidsstoragetanksfromdirtandwaterentrybyusing4µmorlessabsolute efficiencybreatherswiththeabilitytoremovewater.

•Keeptheareasaroundthetanksfillerneckscleanofdebrisandwater.

•Drainthestoragetanksfromwaterandsedimentsfrequently.Thedrainingscheduledependson useofproperinletandoutletfilters,theuseof4µmbreatherswiththeabilitytoremovewater, andfollowingrecommendedcontaminationcontrolpractices.Basedonthecontamination controlprogramfollowed,and/oronthefuelsupplierrecommendations,thestoragetank drainingschedulemaybeasfrequentasdailyuntilnowaterispresent,andthencanbe extendedtolongerperiods.

•Installandmaintainaproperlydesignedandgroundedfiltrationsystem.Filtrationshould includeattheentryandatthedispensingpoint.Continuousbulkfiltrationmayberequiredto ensurethatdispensedoilsmeetthecleanlinesstarget.

•Cover,protect,andensurecleanlinessofallconnectionhoses,fittings,anddispensingnozzles.

Note:BulkfuelfiltrationunitsareavailablethroughyourCatdealer.Propermaintenancepra#ticesof thebulkfiltrationsystemsareavailablethroughyourCatdealer.

ContaminationControlRecommendationsforFuels

Fuelsof"ISO18/16/13"cleanlinesslevelorcleanerasdispensedintotheengineormachinefueltank shouldbeused.Reducepowerloss,failures,andrelateddowntimeofengineswillresult.This cleanlinesslevelisimportantfornewfuelsystemdesignssuchasCommonRailinjectionsystemsand unitinjectionsystems.Injectionsystemdesignsutilizehigherfuelpressuresandtightclearances betweenmovingpartsinordertomeetrequiredstringentemissionsregulations.Peakinjection pressuresincurrentfuelinjectionsystemsmayexceed30,000psi.Clearancesinthesesystemsare lessthan5µm.Asaresult,particlecontaminantsassmallas4µmcancausescoringandscratching ofinternalpumpandinjectorsurfacesandofinjectornozzles.

Waterinthefuelcausescavitation,corrosionoffuelsystemparts,andprovidesanenvironment wheremicrobialgrowthinthefuelcanflourish.Othersourcesoffuelcontaminationaresoaps,gels, orothercom°oundsthatmayresultfromundesirablechemicalinteractionsinthefuels,particularlyin UltraLowSulfurDiesel(ULSD).Gelsandothercompoundscanalsoforminbiodieselfuelatlow temperaturesorifbiodieselisstoredforextendedperiods.Thebestindicationofmicrobial contamination,fueladditives,orcoldtemperaturegelisrapidfilterpluggingofbulkfuelfiltersor machinefuelfilters.

Inordertoreducedowntimeduetocontamination,followthesefuelmaintenanceguidelines.Also, followtheGeneralContaminationControlRecommendationsorPracticesgivenaboveinthis Chapter:

•Usehigh-qualityfuelsperrecommendedandrequiredspecifications(refertotheFuelChapter inthisSpecialPublication)

•Fillmachinefueltankswithfuelsof"ISO18/16/13"cleanlinesslevelorcleaner,inparticular forengineswithcommonrailandunitinjectionsystems.Whenyourefuelthemachine,filter thefuelthrougha4µmabsolutefilter(Beta4=75upto200)inordertoreachthe recommendedcleanlinesslevel.Thisfiltrationshouldbelocatedatthedevicethatdispensesthe fueltotheengineormachinefueltank.Inaddition,filtrationatthedispensingpointshould removewatertoensurethatfuelisdispensedat500ppmwaterorless.

•Catrecommendstheuseofbulkfuelfilter/coalescerunitswhichcleanthefuelofboth particulatecontaminationandwaterinasinglepass.Catoffersheavy-dutyfilter/coalescer unitstoaccommodatefuelingratesfrom50to300gpm(gallonsperminute).

•EnsurethatyouuseCatAdvancedEfficiencyFuelFilters.Changeyourfuelfiltersper recommendedservicerequirementsorasneeded.

•DrainyourwaterseparatorsdailypertheOperationandMaintenanceManualofyourmachine.

•DrainyourfueltanksofsedimentandwaterpertheOperationandMaintenanceManualofyour machineorsoonerasfuelconditionindicates.

•Installandmaintainaproperlydesignedbulkfilter/coalescerfiltrationsystem.Continuous bulkfiltrationsystemsmayberequiredtoensurethatdispensedfuelmeetsthecleanliness target.ConsultyourCatdealerforavailabilityofbulkfiltrationproducts.

•Centrifugalfiltersmayneedtobeusedasapre-filterwithfuelthatisseverelycontaminated withgrossamountsofwaterand/orlargeparticulatecontaminants.Centrifugalfilterscan effectivelyremovelargecontaminants,butmaynotbeabletoremovethesmallabrasive particlesrequiredtoachievetherecommended"ISO"cleanlinesslevel.Bulkfilter/coalescers arenecessaryasafinalfilterinordertoachievetherecommendedcleanlinesslevel.

•Installdesiccanttypebreathersof4µmorlessabsoluteefficiencywiththeabilitytoremove wateronbulkstoragetanks.

•Followproperpracticesoffueltransportation.Filtrationfromthestoragetanktothemachine promotesthedeliveryofcleanfueltomachinetank.Fuelfiltrationcanbeinstalledateach transportstageinordertokeepthefuelclean.

•Cover,protect,andensurecleanlinessofallconnectionhoses,fittings,anddispensingnozzles.

NOTICE

Inordertomeetexpectedfuelsystemcomponentlife,4micron(c) absoluteorlesssecondaryfuelfiltrationisrequiredforallCatdiesel enginesthatareequippedwithcommon-railfuelsystems.Also,4 micron(c)absoluteorlesssecondaryfuelfiltrationisrequiredforall Catdieselenginesthatareequippedwithunitinjectedfuelsystems. ForallotherCatdieselengines(mostlyolderengineswithpump,line andnozzletypefuelsystems),theuseof4micron(c)absoluteorless secondaryfuelfiltrationisstronglyrecommended.Notethatall currentCatdieselenginesarefactoryequippedwithCatAdvanced Efficiency4micron(c)absolutefuelfilters.

ConsultyourlocalCatdealerforadditionalinformationonCatdesignedandproducedfiltration products.

Product:BACKHOELOADER

Model:428BBACKHOELOADER7EJ

Configuration:428BBACKHOELOADER7EJ00001-05999(MACHINE)POWEREDBY3054DIESELENGINE OperationandMaintenanceManual

MediaNumber-SEBU9208-00PublicationDate-01/02/2018DateUpdated-13/12/2013

CoolantFilters

SMCS-1352-FI

i05539737

CoolantpelletedfiltershavebeenhistoricallyusedonsomeCatmachinesorengines.Themain functionofthesepelletedfilterswastoallowdosingofthesupplementalcoolantadditivesintothe coolingsystemsthatusedDEACcoolants.Startingin2013,Caterpillarpelletedcoolantfilterswillbe discontinuedandwillbereplacedwithanon-pelletedfilteranddirectdosingwithsupplemental coolantadditive(SCA).

Note:Thecoolantpelletedfiltersarediscontinuedduring2013.Thenon-pelletedfilterreplacements requirethatthecoolingsystemusingCatDEACshouldbedoseddirectlywiththesupplemental coolantadditive.Fortherecommendeddosingvolumesanddosingintervalsfollowtheinstructions providedinSpecialPublication,SEBU6250,"CaterpillarMachineFluidsRecommendations"or SpecialPublication,SEBU6251,"CatCommercialDieselEngineFluidsRecommendations".

Thecoolantfiltersthatreplacedthepelletedfiltersareaspin-onfilterdesign.Servicingofthesefilters isrecommendedasfollows:

•Replacethefilterwhenyouchangethecoolantfluid.

•Ifsignsofcorrosionappearonthefilter,specificallyatthetopofthefilterwherethefilteris assembledintothesystem.Inspectthefilterforcorrosioneverytimeyoudosethesystemwith coolantadditives.

MonMay1009:46:06UTC+05302021

PreviousScreen

Product:BACKHOELOADER

Model:428BBACKHOELOADER7EJ

Configuration:428BBACKHOELOADER7EJ00001-05999(MACHINE)POWEREDBY3054DIESELENGINE

OperationandMaintenanceManual

MediaNumber-SEBU9208-00PublicationDate-01/02/2018DateUpdated-13/12/2013

DieselExhaustFluidFilters

SMCS-108K-FI

i05539940

DieselExhaustFluid(DEF),alsogenericallyreferredtoasurea,isaliquidthatisinjectedintothe exhaustsystemofenginesequippedwithSelectiveCatalyticReduction(SCR)systems.SCRreduces emissionsofnitrogenoxides(NOx)indieselengineexhaust.

InenginesequippedwithanSCRemissionsreductionsystem,DEFisinjectedincontrolledamounts intotheengineexhauststream.DEFisthentransformedchemicallyintoammonia.Theammonia,in thepresenceofSCRcatalyst,convertsNOxintoharmlessnitrogen(N2)andwater(H2O).Referto SpecialPublication,SEBU6250,"CaterpillarMachineFluidsRecommendations"orSpecial Publication,SEBU6251,"CatCommercialDieselEngineFluidsRecommendations"fordetailsand requirementsofDEF.

ThecleanlinessofDEFiscriticaltotheperformanceandoperationoftheSCRaftertreatmentsystem. ContaminantsinterferewiththecontrolledinjectionofDEFandwiththeSCRsystempump performance.ContaminantsareintroducedintothesystemmainlyduringfillingofDEFintothe engineormachinetank.Dirtatthefillingopening(neck)andsurroundingareacanbeintroducedinto thetankifcontaminationcontrolprecautionsarenottaken.Thesurfacessurroundingfillercapshould bethoroughlycleanedbeforeopening.Theopeningofthedispensingcontainershouldalsobe thoroughlycleanedbeforefillingtheDEF.Thesestepshelpavoidtheintroductionofcontaminants intothesystemandallowthesystemtoperformasdesigned.

AnothersourceofcontaminationisdirtyDEF.DEFshouldbecleanastheDEFisdispensedintothe engineormachinetank.Thedispensingcontainerfillingneckshouldbecleanandshouldnot introducecontaminantsintotheDEFengineormachinetank.CaterpillarrecommendedDEFfillfluid cleanlinessis"ISO18/16/13"asdispensedintotheengineormachinetank.RefertothisSpecial Publication,"ContaminationControl"fordetails.

ContaminationofDEFcanresultinpoorperformanceoftheSCRsystem,downtime,andincreased cost.Inordertoavoidcontaminationrelatedissuesanddowntime,followallthecontamination controlguidelinesdetailedinthisSpecialPublication,"ContaminationControl".

Note:ThecleanlinessoftheDEFisasimportantasthecleanlinessofthefuel.Caterpillar recommends"ISO18/16/13"cleanlinesslevelforDEFfluidasdispensedintotheengineormachine tank.RefertothisSpecialPublication,"ContaminationControl"fordetailsandguidelines.

MultiplefiltrationstepsaredesignedintotheSCRsystem:

InletFiltrationScreen-ThereisafiltrationscreenattheinletfillingopeningoftheDEFtank.This screenreducesthecontaminationintroducedduringfillingofDEFengineormachinetank.The screenisaserviceablepartandshouldbechangedifthefillingtimeisslowedduetothedirt accumulationoratthepublishedserviceintervals.RefertoyourOperationandMaintenanceManual forinformation.

HeaderScreen-ThereisaDEFheaderscreenlocatedintheDEFtank.Thisscreenhelpsreducethe contaminationtransportedintothesystemfromthetank.Forquestionsaboutthetankscreen,consult yourCatdealer.

DEFFilter-TheDEFfilteris4micronsabsoluteefficiency.TheDEFiscirculatedthroughthepump andthenpassesthroughthefiltertoprotectthedosinginjectorfromdebris.Thisfilterisserviceable andshouldbechangedattheservicehourspublishedintheOperationandMaintenanceManualofthe engineormachine.Whenthecontaminationlevelishigh,theDEFfiltermayplugearly.Inthiscase, thefiltershouldbechangedassoonthefirstsignsofpluggingorincreaseofpressurearenoticed. ThischangewouldavoidfurtherdamageandwearoftheDEFsystemsurfaces.

PrivateNetworkForSISLicensees.

MonMay1009:46:47UTC+05302021

Product:BACKHOELOADER

Model:428BBACKHOELOADER7EJ

Configuration:428BBACKHOELOADER7EJ00001-05999(MACHINE)POWEREDBY3054DIESELENGINE

MediaNumber-SEBU9208-00PublicationDate-01/02/2018DateUpdated-13/12/2013

EngineAirFilters

SMCS-1054

Thepurposeofanengineairfilter,whichwillbereferredtoasanairfilterinthissection,istoclean theairincomingintotheengine,typicallycalledintakeair.Intheengine,intakeairmixeswithfuel thatisinjectedintothecombustionchamberatpreciseratios.Thishighlydesignedcombustion processensuresthattheengineoperatesasintendedandperdesign.

Thecleanlinessoftheintakeairiscriticaltotheperformanceoftheengine.Dirtyandcontaminated intakeaircausesalowerqualitycombustionprocess,whichresultsinaroughrunningengineand lowerpower.Also,dirtyintakeairintroducesabrasivedirtintoenginecomponentsthataremovingat highspeedsuchaspistons,rings,andbearings.Theabrasivedirtscratchesthesurfacesofmoving componentsandcausesgougingandroughness.Theroughandscratchedsurfacesleadtolower performance,higheroilconsumption,reducedlifeoftheengine,downtime,alongwithothernegative effectsandhighermaintenancecost.

Airfiltersaredesignedspecificallyforthemachineorengineapplicationinordertosupplytheproper airflowforthecombustionprocess.Largeenginesmayrequiremultipleairfilterstosupplythe neededvolumeofcleanair.RefertoyourmachineOperationandMaintenanceManualforthe specificairfilterthatisdesignedforyourmachine.

NOTICE

Donotsubstituteanyotherairfilter.Airfiltersthatarenotdesigned fortheengineairflowandapplicationcandamagetheengineand causepoorperformance.

i05540117

Off-roadandminingheavy-dutyequipmentandmachinestypicallyworkindustyanddirty environments.Theairfilterelementsusedintheseapplicationshavetoofferstrengthandhighdirt holdingcapacityinordertoprotecttheengineforthedesignedservicelifeofthefilter.

CatairfiltersaredesignedforoptimalfitandperformanceintoallapplicationsofCatmachinesand engines.Thesefiltersaredevelopedusinghigh-qualitymaterials,precisedesigns,anddimensions. Thefiltersofferthebestcapacity,leveloffiltration,andservicelifeneededforallCatenginemodels andmachinesforallconditionsofoperation.

High-qualityairfiltersystemshavethefollowingcharacteristics:

•Allowtheappropriatevolumeofcleanintakeairtotheengine

•Designedwiththecapacityfortheintendedlifeandmaintenanceintervals

•Withstandthevibrationsexpectedinthemachineandapplication

•Effectivelycleantheintakeairtoprotecttheenginecomponents

•Allowforeaseofserviceability

•Preciselyfitintothemachineorenginedesign

Note:Airfiltersforoff-roadmachineshavetoberobustandofferstrength,desiredlife,and performanceunderdemandingconditions.Off-roadmachinestypicallyexperiencehighvibration, highimpacts,anddustyenvironments.Useofinferiorqualityfiltersoruseoffiltersotherthanthose filtersrecommendedforyourmachinemaycausepoorengineperformanceandenginedamage.

AirFilterSelectionCriteria

Airfiltersareselectedbasedontheairflowrequirementsoftheengine.Thefollowingarethemain componentsfordesigninganairfilterfortheapplication.

RatedEngineAirFlow-Airflowneededforappropriateenginepowerandoperation.Airflowis typicallyexpressedincubicfeetperminute(cfm),cubicmetersperminute(m3/min),orkilograms perhour(kg/hr).

InitialandFinalRestriction-Airrestrictionlimitneededtoensurecontinuousflowofappropriate volumethroughouttheservicelifeofthefilter.Initialrestrictionismeasuredwithacleanfilter element.Finalrestrictionismeasuredwithafullyloadeddirtyfilterelement.Restrictionistypically expressedininchesofwater(inH2O),orkilopascals(kPa).

DustConcentration-Amountofdirt,dust,andcontaminationexpectedintheapplication environment.Dustconcentrationistypicallyexpressedingramspermetercubed(g/m3).

Mounting-Mountingistheavailablespacetolocatetheairfilterproperly,whileconsideringthe vibrationsexpectedduringoperationoftheengineorthemachine.

ServiceInterval-Expectedfrequencyofdirtyfilterelementreplacement.Theserviceintervalis typicallyexpressedinhours(hrs).Aserviceintervalbasedonthefilterrestrictionispreferred.Refer tothisSpecialPublication,"ServicingEngineAirFilters"fordetails.

AirFilterComponents

Thedesignsofairfiltersmayvarysignificantlyamongdifferentairfiltermodels.Someairfilter designsarecomplicatedandmadeofmultiplecomponentswhileothersaresimpleandmadeoffew components.Table1liststhecomponentsthatcanbeincludedinairfilters.Thesecomponentsmay notbeincludedinallairfilterdesigns.Useonlytherecommendedairfilterforyourmachine.

Note:Airfiltersarealsocalledaircleaners.Filterelementreferstothedisposablemedia.

Assembledairfilter

Component(1) Function

Table1

SinglestageaircleanerNoprecleaningfeature

TwostageaircleanerContainsprecleaningfeature

Precleaner Removesdirtpriortoprimaryfilter

Housing Protectsfilterelement

Primaryfilterelement

Removesthemajorityofdustanddirtfromintakeair

Secondaryfilterelement (Safetyfilterelement)Protectsengineduringserviceorfailureofprimaryfilter

Dustdischarge/ScavengeportDirtdischargeoutletfortwostageaircleanersandprecleaners

Dustdischargevalve

Availableontwo-stageaircleanersandprecleanerstodischarge dirt

Filterserviceindicator/sensorIndicatesfilterrestrictionandtruefilterservicelife

Raincap Protectsairintakefromrainandvariousformsofdebris

Ejectorcheckvalve

Preventsexhaustbackflowandprotectsairfilter

(1)Thesecomponentsmaynotbeincludedineveryfilterdesign.

SingleStageAirCleaner(AirFilter)

Asinglestageaircleanerdoesnothaveaprecleaningfeaturedesignedintothehousing.Thisair cleanertypicallyhasaprimaryandasecondaryelements.Singlestageaircleanersarecommonly usedforlowdustapplications.

TwoStageAirCleaner(AirFilter)

Atwostageaircleanercontainsaprecleaningfeature.Theprecleaningfeatureistypicallydesigned intothehousing.Thisdesignallowstheincomingairtospininthehousing,whichcausesthe separationofthelargeparticlesbeforetheairentersthefilterelement.Thelargeparticlesarethen dischargedfromthehousingthroughabuiltindischargeport.Typically,thetwostageaircleanerhas primaryandsecondaryairfilterelements.Twostageaircleanersarecommonlyusedforhighdust applications.

Precleaner

Exampleofaplenumthatconnectstheprecleanertothefilter

Aprecleanercanbeseparateorintegratedintotheaircleaner.Theprecleanerisdesignedtocleanthe intakeairbeforetheairflowsthroughtheprimaryfilterelement.Precleanersextendthelifeof primaryfilterelementsbyremovinglargeparticlesofdustanddirtbeforetheparticlereachthe primaryfilterelement.Therearetwomaintypesofprecleaners,turbineandseparatortube.Useofa built-industdischargeportintheprecleanerhousingisrecommendedinordertolimitdirt accumulationandmaintenance.

Turbineprecleanersusearotatingimpellertoseparateprimarilylargeparticlesfromtheairstream. Therotatingimpellerforcesmostofthelargerparticlestowardstheouteredgeofasingleinlet airstream.Theparticlesarethendischargedthroughadiverterfeaturebuiltintotheedgeofthe housing.Turbineprecleanersdonottypicallyrequirescavenge,althoughtheturbineperformancecan beenhancedifscavengecanbeused.

Separatortubeprecleanersusespeciallydesignedtubestoseparatelargeandsmallparticlesfromthe airstream.Separatortubeprecleanersuseseveralsmallerfixedvanecyclonictubestoforcethedirt particlesoutofthedividedairstreamsbycentrifugalmotion.Thedirtparticlesarethendischarged throughgravityfedorvacuumdrivenscavengeport.

Precleanerscanbeusedwithsingleorwithtwo-stageaircleaners.However,theuseofprecleaners withtwostageaircleanersisnotgenerallyrecommended.

Housing

Airfilterhousingscanbemetallic,non-metallic,oracombination.Housingscanhavevariousshapes andsizes.Airfilterhousingsaredesignedtobevibration,corrosion,chemical,andimpactresistant. Filterhousingsshouldbedesignedtofitthemachineorengineapplication.Thefilterelementis designedtofitpreciselyintothehousingtoensureagoodsealsothatonlycleanairenterstheengine.

PrimaryFilterElement

Theprimaryfilterelementisdesignedtoremovethedirtfromtheairstreambeforeenteringthe engine.Theprimaryfilterelementmediamaybesynthetic,cellulose,oracombination.Filtermedia mayalsocontainresinsandbinders.Themediacouldbeofvariousdesignsincludingbutnotlimited topleatedandfluted.Ahigh-qualityfiltermediaallowshighseparationefficiencyandextended servicelife.Thefilterelementmaybedesignedtoofferalargesurfaceareaforadditionaldirtholding capacity.RefertotheOperationandMaintenanceManualfortherecommendedmaintenance intervals.

Catprimaryairfilterelementsareofferedinstandardandultrahighefficiencymedia.

•CatstandardefficiencyfiltersareavailableforallCatequipmentmodels.Standardefficiency airfiltersarerecommendedfornormaldutyfiltration.Standardefficiencymediaisdesignedto preventdirt,soot,sand,andothercontaminatesfromenteringtheengineundernormal operatingconditions.

•Catultrahighefficiency(UHE)filtersareavailableforsomeCatequipmentmodels.UHEair filtersarerecommendedwhenextremefinedustorsootmakeupahighpercentageofthe contaminantsintheatmosphere.UHEelementshaveahigherinitialandoverallefficiencyfor improvedengineperformance.UHEelementshaveimproveddirtholdingcapacity,which extendsfilterelementservicelife,dependingontheoperatingconditions.

SecondaryFilterElement

Thesecondaryfilterelementisdesignedtopreventdirtfromenteringtheengineduringprimaryfilter elementserviceorasabackupiftheprimaryelementfails.Forthisreasonthesecondaryfilter elementmayalsobecalledasafetyfilter.Thesefilterelementsarenotusedineverydesignbutare highlyrecommended.RefertotheOperationandMaintenanceManualfortherecommended maintenanceintervals.

SealingofMediaandHousing

Filterelementsshouldhaveappropriatesealingbetweenthemediaandthehousing.Thefilterelement isdesignedtofitpreciselyintothehousingtoensureagoodsealsothatonlycleanairentersthe engine.Sealingcanberadialoraxial.

•Radialsealedelementsaredesignedtosealontheinsideand/oroutsidediameterofthefilter elementastheelementcontactsthehousing.Thistypeofsealallowsformoreflexibilityduring theinstallationprocess,whilestillprovidingarobustseal.Mostcurrentaircleanerdesignsuse radialsealingtechnology.

•Axialsealedelementsaredesignedtosealonlyontheendofthefilterelementasthefilter contactsthehousing.Thistypeofsealhaslessflexibilityduringtheinstallationprocess,since thesealrequiresanearperfectpositioninthehousingtoprovideanadequateseal.Forthis reason,radialsealingispreferred.

DustDischarge/ScavengePort

Thedustdischargeportisusedtoprovideanoutletforthedirtremovedbytheprecleanerortwo stageaircleaner.Dustdischargecanbeassistedbyadischargevalveorbytheuseofascavenge system.Withoutthisport,thedirtmaybuildupinthecleanerandcloggingmayoccur.

DustDischargeValve

Thedustdischargevalveusesgravityandpressuretohelpeliminatethedirtfromthecleaner. Typically,thisvalvestayscloseduntiltheengineisturnedofforpulsationstriggerthevalvetoopen. Thevalvecanbeattacheddirectlytothedustdischargeportortoanextensiontube.Thelatterallows gravitytoassistthedischargeofdirt.

FilterServiceIndicator/Sensor

Filterserviceindicatorsallowthedeterminationofthepressuredropacrossthefilter.Asdustanddirt builduponthefilterelement,thepressureacrosstheelementincreases.Indicatorscanbeelectronicor mechanicalandmayuseremotelymounteddisplaysforoperatorconvenience.Filterelementsmustbe servicedwhentheelementsreachapre-designedpressuredrop.Indicatorsallowthedeterminationof thepressuredropandhenceallowforservicingattherightinterval.Indicatorshelppreventover servicingandhighercost.Theindicatoralsohelppreventunderservicing,lossofperformanceand potentialenginedamage.RefertotheOperationandMaintenanceManualfortheindicator recommendedreadingorresettingifneeded.

RainCap

Araincapprotectstheairintakefromrainandvariousformsofdebris.Ifneeded,theraincapmaybe integratedintotheprecleanerorcanbeaseparatecomponent.

EjectorCheckValve

Anejectorcheckvalvepreventsexhaustbackflowandprotectstheairfilterbyonlyallowingairto flowinonedirection.

MonMay1009:48:38UTC+05302021

This is the sample of the manual Click on the download link for complete Manual