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PM vows stronger-than-May 2025 resPonse to any future threat to Pakistan
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ISLAMABAD
SALEEM JADOON
RIME Minister Shehbaz Sharif on Thursday declared that while Pakistan sincerely desired peace, and its desire for peace should never be mistaken for weakness, warning that “any future challenge” to
the country’s “sovereignty and security” would be met with an even stronger response than the “decisive victory achieved” during the May 2025 Marka-e-Haq. “We do not want war; we want peace. But the desire for peace should not be taken as weakness. We stand for peace with honour and dignity, those who, in the most difficult
times, have become the guarantors of stability in this region,” the prime minister said while addressing a ceremony held to mark the 79th Independence Anniversary of Pakistan and inaugurate the Yadgar-e-Fatah (Victory Monument), built to honour the sacrifices of the martyrs and commemorate the remarkable triumph during Marka-e-Haq of 2025.
Addressing the ceremony, Prime Minister Shehbaz congratulated the nation on Independence Day and said that under the leadership of Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, “we entered the realm of freedom from the darkness of slavery. Our elders sacrificed their lives and property.” “Yadgar-i-Fatah symbolises our resolve and determination and the domination of
our armed forces over the enemy,” he added. The event was attended by President Asif Ali Zardari, Senate Chairman Syed Yousuf Raza Gilani, Speaker National Assembly Sardar Ayaz Sadiq, Deputy Prime Minister Senator Mohammad Ishaq Dar, Chief Justice of Pakistan Justice Yahya Afridi, Chief of Army Staff and Chief of Defence Forces Field Marshal Syed Asim Munir, Air Chief Marshal Zaheer Ahmed Babar Sidhu, Chief of the Naval Staff Admiral Naveed Ashraf, federal ministers, provincial political leadership, parliamentarians, diplomats and officers of the armed forces.
CONTINUED ON PAGE 03
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Friday, 14 August, 2026 | LAHORE
Friday, 14 August, 2026 | LAHORE
WORLD BANK BACKS PUNJAB’S $400 MILLION URBAN DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME FOR 16 CITIES
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$375 MILLION WORLD BANK SUPPORT TO FUND WATER, SEWERAGE, DRAINAGE AND OTHER CIVIC PROJECTS, WITH WORK INITIALLY STARTING IN SIX CITIES PROFIT
Monitoring report
HE Punjab government is implementing the Punjab Inclusive Cities Programme in 16 cities with World Bank support to improve water supply, sewerage, wastewater treatment and drainage services. According to reports, a World Bank delegation led by Water Specialist Carlo Alberto reviewed the programme with Punjab Secretary Housing Noor-ul-Amin Mengal. Development work will initially
begin in six cities — Chakwal, Kasur, Chiniot, Mandi Bahauddin, Pakpattan and Rajanpur — through the Water and Sanitation Agencies (WASAs). Mengal said the programme would also cover stormwater management, underground water storage and other civic infrastructure. He directed officials to set measurable targets, meet deadlines and establish a monitoring committee to track implementation. Separately, a World Bank Technical Mission, comprising Task Team Leader and Senior Urban Specialist Suhaib Rasheed and Water Specialist Carlo Al-
KP Chief Minister barred from meeting Imran Khan at Adiala Jail RAWALPINDI
Staff CorreSpondent
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Chief Minister Sohail Afridi was denied permission to enter Adiala Jail on Thursday to meet Pakistan Tehreek-eInsaf (PTI) founder Imran Khan, as police blocked the road leading to the prison and diverted traffic. Afridi, accompanied by several PTI leaders and lawmakers, reached the Medicine Factory checkpoint on Adiala Road but was stopped from proceeding towards the jail. The delegation included Mena Khan, Shafi Jan, Ahad Shah, Abdul Salam Afridi and Shahid Khattak. The visit coincided with the expiry of the scheduled meeting time with Imran Khan. Afridi and the accompanying PTI leaders were not allowed to meet the incarcerated party founder. At the checkpoint, Afridi questioned SHO Saddar Beroni about the situation and sought clarification regarding instructions conveyed to the authorities. He also questioned a man in civilian clothes about his identity and rank before the man identified himself as a journalist. Speaking to the media, Afridi warned that PTI workers would take to the streets across the country at 10pm if he was denied a meeting with Imran. “Tonight at 10pm, every chowk across Pakistan will become D-Chowk,” he said, urging party workers to gather at intersections carrying national and PTI flags. Afridi also called on workers to remain focused on the party’s planned September 27 march on Islamabad, claiming that the planned mobilisation had become a “nightmare” for the authorities. He said the authorities should facilitate a meeting with Imran before September 28 if they wanted to defuse the situation. The KP chief minister criticised the treatment of Imran Khan and PTI since 2022, alleging that the country was being pushed towards destruction due to “stubbornness and ego”. He also criticised other political parties and referred to recent remarks by a government minister regarding failures in the existing system. Police had earlier sealed Adiala Road from Gorakhpur towards the jail and diverted traffic to alternative routes. The barriers were removed and traffic restored after Afridi left the checkpoint. The development came amid renewed PTI concerns over Imran Khan’s health and access to him. The party had earlier urged the government to allow family members, lawyers and doctors access to its founder following what it described as “alarming reports” about his condition. Imran Khan and his wife, Bushra Bibi, have remained incarcerated at Adiala Jail since 2023 and are currently serving sentences in the Toshakhana-II case.
Court acquits Anmol Pinky in three narcotics cases KARACHI
Staff report
A sessions court on Thursday acquitted alleged drug trafficker Anmol alias Pinky in three narcotics cases registered at Karachi’s Gizri police station. The cases were registered in 2020, 2021 and 2022, with Pinky having previously been declared an absconder. Additional District and Sessions Judge South Irshad Hussain announced the verdict while hearing Pinky’s petitions seeking acquittal. Her counsel argued that she had been implicated in the cases on the basis of statements made by co-accused, who had subsequently been acquitted. According to one of the court orders, Pinky was named in a 2021 case by two suspects arrested for possessing narcotics, who alleged that she had supplied drugs to them. The defence counsel contended that following the acquittal of the co-accused, there was no sufficient basis for convicting Pinky in the cases. A supplementary charge sheet submitted by the Counter-Terrorism Department last month had disclosed that more than a dozen cases had been registered against Anmol. She was arrested in May in connection with two cases registered at Garden police station involving alleged possession of drugs and an unlicensed weapon. She had already been booked in several other criminal cases before her arrest. Her arrest attracted public attention after a video showing her being escorted to court without handcuffs went viral on social media. Since her arrest, Anmol has appeared before courts under heavy police security. During previous hearings, she also alleged that police officials were pressuring her to name politicians and other influential individuals.
berto, visited the Punjab Municipal Development Fund Company (PMDFC). PMDFC Managing Director Syed Zahid Aziz briefed the delegation on ongoing projects, consultant hiring and procurement. The meeting also reviewed coordination among WASAs, the Local Government Department and other institutions, along with financial management and transparent use of funds. PMDFC said the $400 million programme would finance water supply, sewerage and drainage projects in 16 cities. Environment Specialist Rukhsana Shahid said projects were being implemented
under applicable World Bank environmental and social safeguards. Syed Zahid reaffirmed PMDFC’s commitment to transparent and timely implementation in coordination with the World Bank and provincial institutions.
ABOUT 12 INVESTORS, INCLUDING 4 FOREIGN FIRMS, ARE EYEING FAISALABAD, GUJRANWALA AND ISLAMABAD POWER COMPANIES PROFIT
Monitoring report
Prospective buyers of Pakistan's three power distribution companies have demanded returns on investment in foreign currency, sovereign guarantees against future contract reopening, and exemption from buying expensive electricity from Independent Power Producers (IPPs), The Express Tribune reported, citing officials familiar with the discussions. Officials said demands such as dollar-denominated profits or exemption from buying IPP electricity are unlikely to be accepted given their implications for consumers and the economy. The government, however, is willing to address genuine investor concerns, particularly around the post-privatisation market regime. Investor feedback, gathered during recent domestic and foreign visits, has already been shared with Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif, who has directed the Privatisation Commission to develop a transparent, rule-based post-privatisation framework. The government has begun privatising three distribution companies in its first phase, Faisalabad, Gujranwala and Islamabad. About 12 investors have expressed interest, including four foreign firms. Investors have sought protection against contract reopening or renegotiation outside the agreed control period. Officials linked this to the government's earlier move to force IPPs into contract renegotiations, which authorities had called one-sided; no action has since been taken against the bureaucrats or cabinet members who finalised those deals. Investors have also called for stronger regulatory capacity at the National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (NEPRA), effective enforcement
of service level agreements, and timely tariff adjustments, fearing future governments or courts could reduce any agreed tariff. To address this, the financial advisor has recommended the government secure political risk guarantees from multilaterals and build contractual protections against reopening into transaction documents. Investors also want flexibility in power purchase and competitive supply, and are reluctant to buy from costlier IPPs the government is contractually bound to purchase from. Officials said exempting distribution companies from these purchases would be difficult, since failing to buy and sell that electricity would trigger idle capacity payments to generation plant owners. Some bidders, who also own power plants, are seeking licenses to both buy and sell electricity. Investors have called the current five-year tariff period too short for major long-term investment, proposing a seven-to-ten-year control period instead. A central demand is replacing the uniform tariff, under which profitable Fesco consumers and loss-making Sukkur and Peshawar consumers pay the same rate, with a performance and efficiency-based structure. Bidders also want capital investment returns, investment plan approval and tariff determination finalised before bidding, to prevent NEPRA from creat-
ing post-privatisation complications, along with timely provision of subsidies for subsidised consumers. They have additionally sought inflation-adjusted guaranteed returns in foreign currency; the government may agree to inflation-adjusted profits but appears reluctant to link payments to foreign currency. Privatisation Commission officials said interest from foreign and local investors remains strong, with some bidders indicating they would acquire 100% of the Faisalabad and Gujranwala companies, though they are seeking regulatory certainty and guaranteed returns first. Investors have also shown strong interest in unrestricted commercial use of land and want pension and legacy liabilities separated from the deal, a proposal the finance ministry opposes, since that cost is currently built into the tariff. Bidders are additionally seeking a free hand in hiring and firing, arguing current staffing levels exceed requirements, especially following the rollout of Advanced Metering Infrastructure, and oppose any freeze on retrenchment. The government, however, may impose a minimum one-year ban on layoffs. Investors also want to monetise assets and use land commercially for purposes such as installing optical fibre, telecom towers and electric vehicle charging facilities.
PM vows stronger-than-May 2025 response to any future threat to Pakistan CONTINUED FROM PAGE 01
The prime minister said the May 2025 Marka-e-Haq had enhanced Pakistan’s prestige in an extraordinary manner. “If this reality has still not been understood by anyone, it is clear for them that they should remember their humiliating defeat, and if in future anyone, even by mistake, challenges Pakistan’s sovereignty and security, they will be given a crushing response with even greater force than in May 2025,” he warned. He highlighted that following its defeat in Marka-e-Haq, India unilaterally and illegally suspended the Indus Waters Treaty, thereby proving itself an enemy of peace. “I declare in clear words that every single drop of Pakistan’s water is our red line,” the prime minister said, warning that India would be given an appropriate response if it did not mend its ways. The prime minister, who earlier inaugurated the monument along with President Asif Ali Zardari, said Yadgar-e-Fatah stood as a living symbol of the nation’s resolve, the professional excellence of the armed forces and their superiority over the adversary. He appreciated the guidance of Field Marshal Syed Asim Munir and acknowledged the efforts of the entire team, including labourers and engineers, who ensured completion of the project within eight months. Prime Minister Shehbaz extended heartfelt congratulations to the entire nation on the historic success in Marka-e-Haq and paid rich tribute to Field Marshal Syed Asim Munir for his courageous and inspiring leadership in defeating the arrogant enemy. He also acknowledged the outstanding role played by the Pakistan Air Force under Air Chief Marshal Zaheer Ahmed Babar Sidhu and the Pakistan Navy under Chief of the Naval Staff Admiral Naveed Ashraf. “This is not merely a structure of bricks and mortar. It is a tribute to the martyrs who laid down their lives in defence of the motherland, to the ghazis (veterans) who displayed unmatched bravery, and to
Armed forces reaffirm resolve to defend Pakistan on 79th Independence Day RAWALPINDI
Staff report
Disco buyers seek dollar returns, sovereign guarantees and exemption from costly IPP power purchases g
NEWS 03
the great nation that stood shoulder to shoulder with its armed forces in the most difficult times,” he said. SUPPORT FOR RIGHT TO SELF-DETERMINATION OF KASHMIRIS, JUST RESOLUTION OF PALESTINE ISSUE: Prime Minister Shehbaz also reiterated Pakistan’s principled support for the right to self-determination of the Kashmiri people and a just resolution of the Palestine issue. “On the Kashmir issue, our position is clear and categorical: we will continue to support the right of self-determination of the Kashmiris, will not let their sacrifices go in vain, and will continue political, diplomatic and moral support for their freedom from the clutches of Indian oppression — until the fundamental right of our Kashmiri brothers and sisters is granted to them,” he said. On Afghanistan, he advised the Afghan leadership to completely prevent the use of its soil for terrorism against Pakistan. “We also want peace and stability in Afghanistan, but the use of Afghan soil for terrorism against Pakistan is unacceptable. We are each other’s neighbours. My sincere advice to the Afghan leadership is that they completely prevent their soil from becoming a sanctuary for terrorists,” he said. Highlighting Pakistan’s diplomatic achievements, Prime Minister Shehbaz referred to Islamabad’s mediation role between the United States and Iran, as well as the defence agreement with Saudi Arabia, which has now also been joined by Türkiye. “The Makkah Agreement is the promise of peace for the Middle East, and a hope of peace for the Muslim world. It is also a message of peace for the whole world,” he remarked. While appreciating the fraternal ties between Pakistan and China, the prime minister also thanked US President Donald Trump for his timely and effective role in securing a ceasefire between Pakistan and India last year, adding that Pak-US ties were on an upward trajectory.
Field Marshal Syed Asim Munir, NI (M), HJ, Chief of Army Staff and Chief of Defence Forces; Admiral Naveed Ashraf, NI, NI (M), T Bt, Chief of the Naval Staff; and Air Chief Marshal Zaheer Ahmed Baber Sidhu, NI (M), HJ, Chief of the Air Staff, on behalf of the Armed Forces of Pakistan, extended heartfelt felicitations to the nation on the auspicious occasion of Pakistan’s 79th Independence Day. The Armed Forces paid profound tribute to Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the founding fathers and all those whose sacrifices transformed the dream of freedom into the reality of a sovereign Pakistan. Their vision, courage and resolve, they said, remain a guiding force for the nation and continue to inspire adherence to the principles and ideals of Pakistan. The Armed Forces also paid tribute to the supreme sacrifices of the martyrs, the services of veterans, the dedication of law enforcement personnel and the contributions of every Pakistani who has served the country. Their courage and selfless service, they said, have strengthened Pakistan’s resilience and safeguarded its independence, security and national interests. As guardians of Pakistan’s sovereignty and territorial integrity, the Armed Forces reaffirmed their unwavering resolve to defend the motherland against all threats, uphold the Constitution and discharge the sacred trust placed in them by the people of Pakistan. The Armed Forces said they would remain steadfast, united with the nation, in preserving peace and stability and creating an environment conducive to national progress and prosperity. Emphasising that Pakistan’s strength lies in the unity and collective resolve of its people, the Armed Forces called upon the nation to renew its commitment to the enduring principles of Faith, Unity and Discipline, strengthen national cohesion, promote tolerance and work collectively towards a secure, stable and prosperous Pakistan.
SBP reserves climb to $17.06b as FX holdings rise $14m PROFIT
Web deSk
Pakistan’s total liquid foreign exchange reserves rose to $22.498 billion as of August 7, 2026, up $14 million from $22.484 billion a week earlier, according to data released by the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) on Thursday. The increase was driven by SBP-held reserves, which rose to $17.057 billion from $17.043 billion during the week. Commercial banks’ foreign exchange reserves stood at $5.441 billion, bringing their share of the country’s total liquid reserves to the overall $22.498 billion. The SBP said the latest increase in its reserves reflected continued efforts to strengthen Pakistan’s external position and build foreign exchange buffers. As of August 7, the central bank held the bulk of the country’s liquid foreign exchange reserves, with commercial banks accounting for the remaining holdings.
04 COMMENT
A new Baghdad Pact?
Independence Day
Not just a time for celebration, but also introspection
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The similarities cannot be ignored
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NDEPENDENCE Day is supposed to be a time of celebration. After all, the achievement is sometimes unfairly belittled. Not only was this the first time a colony was being given independence, but it was also being done after partitioning it into two countries. Some of the wonder at that achievement has worn off with the years, and after the passage of 79 years, even the few octogenarians surviving who saw, might have some childish memories, but the Partition is finally part of history now. It is thus all the more necessary for those who were born Pakistani citizens rather than British subjects to give an accounting for their stewardship. Is Pakistan the country that was imagined? To the exclusion of everything else, it is a lesser country than gained Independence. The East Wing has hived off and become a separate country. The state which by every standard of logic, and of the Partition Plan, should have acceded to Pakistan, Jammu and Kashmir, is divided physically between India and Pakistan, and remains easily the most divisive issue between the two countries. The very factors which should have made Kashmir accede to Pakistan, its Muslim majority and its contiguity with Pakistan, still, almost eight decades later, prevent its integration into India, which has now partitioned the part it occupies into two union territories. It is possible to argue about the level of progress made. While the country is very far from giving its citizens the sort of life that the colonial power gives its own, it has made tremendous strides in all areas of life. However, there are still some gaps which make effort necessary. After numerous experiments, the country still does not have a stable constitution, with the civil-military equation still not resolved. The investment in human capital is far from what is recommended, or even required. Population growth is still much too high for comfort, and makes catching up on human development all that much more difficult. The challenge of providing enough employment to the youth bulge is yet to meet, and with the rest of the world, the country has to accommodate itself to the new realities created by climate change and artificial intelligence. Independence Day provides an opportunity to pause and look back at what has been achieved, and to look forward at what has to be done. A look to the West would reveal that there are sometimes much more immediate, much bloodier, challenges to indepepence than the ones we face.
At Penpoint M A NIAZI
HE Makkah Declaration is not so clear, because there is no such sharp division as the pro-USSR and pro-USA blocs. The UK’s membership reflects the fact that this was an era of decolonization, and the UK had most of the colonies. The Baghdad Pact established the Middle East Treaty Organisation, which collapsed in 1959, when Iraq withdrew following the coup in which King Faisal was killed, It was then that CENTO, the Central Treaty Organisation, came into existence. One of the hopes for METO, that other Arab countries would join, were dashed. The more op[iminstic among the Cold Warriors hoped that METO might provide a counterweight to Arab socialism spreading throughout the region. That hope was still-born,, with the 1959 coup, which involved the Ba’ath Party, which was Arab socialist. However, the chain of alliances was established; as two CENTO members, Turkey and the UK, were part of NATO, while three NATO members, the USA, the UK, and France, were part of South East Asia Treaty Organization, as was one CENTO member, Pakistan, thus completing a ring around both the USSR and China. Pakistan hoped that, as these were alliances, if push came to shove against India, the members would come in on their side. They were disappointed in 1965, and also in 1971. The hope that the US 7th Fleet would help in East Pakistan was because Pakistan was only in SEATO because of it. However, it didn’t. This was not perfidy as such, because even after signing an agreement or acceding to a treaty, a state follows its own interests. In 1914, there were two alliances, the Triple Alliance of Germany, Austro-Hungary and Italy, and the Triple Entente of the UK, France and Russia. When World War I started, All three Entente powers went to war, but of the Alliance powers, Italy held back. It did join in, but on the Entente side, despite having signed the original Alliance compact of 1882. Similarly, in 1941, Germany did not let the 1939 Non-Aggression Treaty stop it from invading the USSR, though that Treaty had allowed Germany to invade Poland and thus start World War II. That means that Saudi Arabia and Turkey cannot be counted on to declare war on India if it goes to war with Pakistan. It might be noted that in 1965 other CENTO members, and in 1971, other SEATO members, had taken the plea that the organizations had been formed to combat Russia. At that point, the USA had tried to get SEATO members to support it in the Vietnam War with limited success. One of the SEATO members refusing to fight in Vietnam was Pakistan. Another problem in CENTO was the Israel issue. Pakistan was the standout, as both Turkey and Iran recognized it, but Pakistan did not. It further blotted
Dedicated to the legacy of late Hameed Nizami
Arif Nizami (Late) Founding Editor
The Mountbatten Plan M. A. Niazi
Babar Nizami
Editor Pakistan Today
Editor Profit
Less than perfect
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Dr MuhAMMAD AfZAAl MAlerhotlAvI
OUIS Francis Albert Victor Mountbatten was born on 25 June 1900 at Frogmore House, Home Park, Windsor, Berkshire, England. He was the son of Prince Louis of Battenberg and Princess Victoria of Hesse-Darmstadt, a granddaughter of Queen Victoria. Prince Louis, and thus his son \louis, was a German aristocrat by birth. But renounced his titles with the onset of World War I, and adopted the surname Mountbatten. He was the maternal inxle of the late Prince Phillip, Mountbatten joined the Royal Navy in 1913. He commanded a destroyer, HMS Kelly, early in the Second World War. He was appointed Chief of Combined Operations in 1941/ He served as Supreme Allied Commander, South-East Asia from 1943-1945, overseeing the defeat of the Japanese offensive towards India. He was appointed as the last Viceroy of India in 1947. He oversaw a rapid transfer of power from Britain to the independent states of India and Pakistan. He formed the Punjab Boundary Commission. This Commission’s members, appointed by him, were Justices Mehar Chand Mahajan, Teja Singh, Din Muhammad and Muhammad Munir. The Chairman of this Commission was Sir Cyril Radcliffe. Aft6er Independence at midnight on the night of 14-15 August 1947, on the request made by Pandit Jawaharlal Nahru, the Congress President, Mountbatten became the first Governor General of India. A post he held till 21 June 1948. Mountbatten played an important role in the political integration of free India, for which he persuaded many princely states, like Malerkotla (a Muslim-ruled state under Nawab ahmad Ali Khan and his son Iftikhar Ali Khan), Patiala, Nabha, Sangrur and many other states, to join the new Dominion of India. After jis tenure concluded, Lord Mountbatten continued to enjoy close relations with the first Prime Minister of India, Pandit Jawahir Lal Nehru., as well as with the rest of the leadership of India, It was by them that he was welcomed as a former Governor General of India subsequent visits, including during an official trip in 1956. Lord Mountbatten was assassinated at the age of 79 on 27 August 1979 by a Provisional
Irish Republican Army bomb, off the coast of Ireland. The funeral at Westminster Abbey on 5 October 1979 was televised. He was buried at Romsey Abbey after a funeral procession he had himself planned in advance. The ceremony as attended by the Royal family and a large number of dignitaries from around the world. The ‘Mounbatten Plan; was announced on 3 June 1947 by him as Viceroy of India, and ws a blueprint for the partitioning of India into two independent countries. The legislative assemblies of two provinces of British India, the Punjab and Bengal, were to vote on whether to partition their respective provinces, For the North-West Frontier Prince and Sylhet in Assam, referendums were scheduled to determine which dominion (India or Pakistan) they would join. The 565 princely states of India were released from British suzerainty. Ranting them the freedom to join either India or Pakistan, or potentially remain independent. The Commission headed by Sir Cyril Radcliffe was tasked with demarcating the new borders, and its report was denali\ed on August 15. The plan anticipated rapid implementation, leading to the creation of the dominions of Pakistan and India by 14 and 15 August 1947. Being the last Viceroy of India, Lord
its copybook during the calling of the first Islamic Conference, in which it played a key role. The failure of the 7th Fleet to relieve Dhaka was thus not much of a surprise. CENTO collapsed after Iran pulled out after its 1979 Revolution, with Pakistan withdrawing the very next day. The issue that was not settled by Deputy PM Ishaq Dar’s statement that the alliance is not against anyone, is the intention. A military alliance assumes a possible enemy. In this case, the alliance has not been formed in the guild-up to a conflict, but during a shooting war. Iran may be the expected opponent, for while it has no reason to attack Pakistan, it could as a very remote possibility clash with Turkey over the Kurd issue, but it does have an immediate reason to attack Saudi Arabia, because of the US bases there. The alliance is also setting up a target, for there have already been rumblings in Israel about a Sunni Axis, and the need to attack it after the Shia Axis in the shape of Iran and its regional proxies has been dealt with. The formalization of the Axis would be viewed dimly by Israel, especially since two of its three members do not even recognize it. This is a little worse than CENTO, where two members, Turkey and the Shah’s Iran, recognized Israel. Iran has withdrawn that recognition, and turned into a fierce opponent, becoming an Israeli nightmare which has reduced the value of recognitions generally, including that by Turkiye, and the expected one by Saudi Arabia, following which Pakistan is expected to follow suit. Another lesson from the CENTO experience is the need for economic linkages. NATO, CENTO and SEATO all had corresponding economic associations, which have proved more resilient than the military alliances. The European Union is the NATO economic vehicle, while ASEAN is the SEATO vehicle. CENTO had the Regional Cooperation for Development, established in 1964, and dissolved with the Iranian Revolution in 1979. However, the same three countries formed the Economic Cooperation Organization in 1982. In 1992, seven countries joined, the Central Asian Republics made newly independent by the dissolution of the USSR, and Afghanistan. There need not be a formal economic vehicle, but the necessary increase in diplomatic alignment also requires economic alignment. This becomes all the more significant because of the defence industry cooperation that must be contemplated. It also cannot escape notice that all three signa-
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tories of the Makkah Declaration are aligned with the USA. Turkiye is a member of NATO. Pakistan has been designated a major non-NATO ally. Saudi Arabia hosts US bases and personnel. The US official response has not been as disapproving as might have been expected if this indeed reflected the aspirations of the Ummah. Only time will tell, but this Declaration may provide the basis on which the USA rests a new security architecture for the Middle East. Then there is the CHina factor. Pakistan is very much aligned with it, and there is a search now on among the Gulf monarchies for an alternative to the USA. China is ready to play that role, and has in the recent past made overtures to both Saudi Arabia and Turkiye. Can the USA afford to allow China to underwrite the flow of oil, and thus US energy security? That is why Israel will have to be brought on board. This would be necessary to keep it happy and cooperative with the arrangement. It will not be part of the organization, but if its members join the Abraham Accords, that will probably be the vehicle to counter Iran. It does raise the question as to why the Muslim countries should not forge even closer links with one another. Also, it raises the question of whether the sectarian barrier is high enough to keep the Iranians separate from the Arabs. It should also be remembered that the Iranian regime is representative of the Iranian people, or else it would have collapsed. However, are the Gulf monarchies representative of anything more than the dynasties which took over after the Ottoman Caliphate was overthrown after World War I? Pakistan was key to the Baghdad Pact, and one of the many faults found with Ayub Khan is that he signed the Pact as Commander-in-Chief without having received permission from his government. However, this time around, with the Makkah Declaration, the government has no wiggle room, for Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif was not just present, but prominent. The writer is a member of staff
The signing of a Mutual Defence Agreement among Pakistan, Turkiye and Saudi Arabia, known as the Makkah Declaration, irresistibly reminds the observer of the Baghdad Pact, originally signed in Baghdad in 1955, which included the UK and Iran, and was meant to serve US interests by acting as part of the ring of alliances that was being thrown around the USSR by the USA during the Cold War.
Editor’s mail
Mountbatten proposed this whole plan, after rejecting the earlier ‘Dickie Bird’ plan (or Plan Balkan) which faced opposition for potentially balkanizing India. The plan was ultimately accepted by both the All-India National Congress and the All-India Muslim League, recognizing the inevitability of Partition. On this basis then, legislation was passed by British Parliament to implement the Plan immediately. The hasty implementation caused one of the largest mass migrations in history. And led to widespread communal violence, especially in Punjab. This cruel impact became dark and bloody. One of the less debated aspects was how the Punjab border was changed by Mountbatten to give part of Gurdaspur district to India, thus providing it a road of Kashmir state. Without that contiguity, there would have been no possibility of the state acceding to India. Thus the seed of the Kashmir issue was laid in the Mountbatten Plan. Inevitably, perhaps, the judgement of history on the Plan has been harsh. However, it could be urged in its defence that the states it produced, India and Pakistan, are alive and well so many decades on. The writer is a freelance columnist
The era of accepting a subordinate role in the technological order is over. Through the collaborative framework of WAICO and the wider vision of Chinese-led digital cooperation, the world is moving toward an era where technology serves the collective progress of humanity, ensuring that the innovations of tomorrow are governed by all, for the benefit of all. The invitation is real, and the potential for a more balanced, multipolar digital future has never been greater.
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Healing family ties
FAMILY conflicts often start with a small misunderstanding, a harsh word, or an unmet expectation. But when ignored, these little issues can grow into a silent poison that slowly destroys love, peace and trust at home. Psychologists say that most problems come from poor communication, lack of patience and unrealistic expectations. When family members stop listening to each other and try only to prove themselves right, emotional distance grows. This leads to feelings of loneliness and mental stress even within a house full of people. The good news is: this can be prevented. Start by talking and listening regularly, even about small things. Be patient during disagreements, and accept that everyone has strengths and weaknesses. Use kind words like “I understand” or “I’m sorry” to build bridges, not walls. Also, make time for fun and togetherness. Shared moments bring hearts closer and reduce negativity. Disagreements are natural but solving them with love, respect and understanding is the real strength of a happy family. Don’t let silence ruin what love has built. ARONA SAGHIR KARACHI
Nuclear past repeats
FOR more than 30 years, the world has avoided slipping back into the dangerous cycle of escalation that defined the Cold War era. After the superpowers realised how close they had come to nuclear catastrophe, they slowly built a system of restraint. Arms-control treaties, verification mechanisms, and a shared understanding of mutual destruction pushed nuclear testing into history. This long period of relative calm makes today’s renewed talk of testing all the more worrying. Against this backdrop, United States President Donald Trump’s recent directive to Pentagon to explore new nuclear test possibilities appears historically tone-deaf and strategically short-sighted. It overlooks the hardearned lessons of the Cold War. At the time, both the United States and the erstwhile Soviet Union believed that strength came from building bigger and more destructive weapons. But each new test only provoked another response, pushing both sides closer to the edge. It was a dangerous game where one misstep could have meant annihilation. The world eventually stepped back from the brink, not because of luck, but because leaders finally recognised that nuclear one-upmanship had no winners. Today’s world is far more complex than the bipolar Cold War order. Instead of two major powers, there is now a multipolar rivalry involving the US, China, Russia and several emerging nuclear states. Reintroducing nuclear tests in such an environment is like lighting a match in a room full of fuel barrels. There are more players, more tensions, and fewer rules. The old armscontrol framework — the one that helped stabilise the Cold War — has weakened over the years. Key treaties have collapsed, verification has eroded, and trust among major powers is at its lowest point in decades. In essence, bringing back a Cold War-era practice now risks replaying the darkest chapters of the 20th century, but this time without the safety nets that once kept competition in check. A single test by one country could trigger a chain reaction, pushing others to respond with tests of their own. Such a spiral would make diplomatic restraint harder, and strategic miscalculations more likely. Supporters of new testing argue that it strengthens deterrence, but this argument ignores the fact that modern nuclear technology does not require explosive testing to remain credible. Instead, political signalling becomes the real motive — and that is precisely what makes the situation so dangerous. Using nuclear tests as symbols of power invites others to do the same. The world cannot afford to treat nuclear weapons as tools of political theatre. The lessons of history are clear: once the cycle of testing begins, it becomes difficult to stop. What kept the world safe for three decades was not louder threats, but quieter diplomacy and strong global norms. Reviving nuclear testing would not make any nation safer. It would simply drag the world back towards an era of fear — an era we worked so hard to leave behind. SANAULLAH MIRANI DAHARKI
Web: www.pakistantoday.com.pk
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Email: editorial@pakistantoday.com.pk
79 years into the dream Friday, 14 August, 2026
Today is Independence Day
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Dr Zafar Khan SafDar
AKISTAN turns 79 today, carrying with it a history of extraordinary achievement, painful contradiction and an unfinished national promise. The green and white flag that rises every 14 August represents far more than the birth of a state; it represents the hopes of millions who left behind homes, possessions and familiar lives to build a future they believed would be defined by dignity, justice, security and equal citizenship. The creation of Pakistan was among the most remarkable political achievements of the 20th century, secured through constitutional struggle, political mobilisation and immense human sacrifice. Yet 79 years later, the meaning of that achievement demands a deeper question than how successfully we celebrate independence: what kind of Pakistan have we built from the sacrifice of those who created it, and how close is it to the country they imagined? The answer cannot be found in ceremonies, slogans or the mere passage of time. A nation does not fulfil its founding promise simply by surviving but by creating a political and social order in which its citizens can live with freedom, dignity, justice and hope. Pakistan was born from the conviction that its people could shape their own destiny, and that conviction carries a responsibility across generations. Every Independence Day offers not only an opportunity to remember 1947, but also to measure the distance between the promise that gave birth to Pakistan and the reality we have created since. At 79, the most important tribute to our past may be to ask, with honesty and without fear, whether we have yet built the Pakistan for which that extraordinary sacrifice was made. Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah understood that winning a state was only the beginning; the greater task was to build a constitutional republic worthy of the sacrifices made for it. His politics rested on constitutionalism, parliamentary government, the rule of law and equal citizenship. He envisioned a Pakistan where a citizen’s rights and dignity would not depend upon wealth, influence, identity or proximity to power, but upon the protection of law. The central
tragedy of our subsequent history is therefore not the absence of a founding vision, but our repeated failure to translate that vision from speeches and symbols into durable institutions and everyday political practice. Yet Pakistan’s story is far from one of failure. Against extraordinary odds, it survived Partition, wars, political upheavals, terrorism, natural disasters and recurring economic crises, while building a formidable defence capability, becoming a nuclear power and developing significant achievements in science, technology, business and infrastructure. Its people have displayed remarkable resilience and its global diaspora continues to demonstrate the depth of Pakistani talent. But survival and achievement are not the final measures of a republic. The deeper test is whether the ordinary citizen feels protected by law, whether a poor child can rise through merit and education, whether institutions command public trust, whether governments can change constitutionally, and whether power ultimately remains accountable to the people. Pakistan’s unfinished journey is rooted partly in the institutional inheritance of colonial rule, which left behind a highly centralized state and powerful administrative and security structures built primarily for governing territory rather than empowering citizens. In the fragile years after independence, weak political institutions, constitutional delays and repeated instability allowed unelected centres of power to acquire an influence that disrupted the natural evolution of parliamentary democracy. The consequences have been enduring. Constitutional interruptions weakened institutional maturity, political instability discouraged long-term policymaking, personalized politics deepened division, and selective accountability eroded public trust. Most damaging of all, the growing perception that influence can matter more than merit has weakened citizens’ faith in the fairness of the state. Pakistan’s next phase therefore requires not another political rearrangement but a durable institutional settlement rooted firmly in the Constitution. Parliament must remain
the centre of national policymaking, political parties must embrace internal democracy and merit, the judiciary must uphold constitutional boundaries impartially, and the civil service must be professional, competent and accountable. Local governments must also become genuine instruments of democratic participation rather than periodic experiments. Above all, every institution must recognize that its strength comes not from expanding its influence beyond its mandate, but from faithfully exercising the authority the Constitution assigns to it. Pakistan’s economic future will ultimately determine the strength of its democracy. Political stability cannot endure where millions live without secure livelihoods or a credible path to a better future. The country’s greatest asset is its people, particularly its young population, but this demographic advantage can become a burden if education fails to provide relevant skills and the economy cannot generate productive employment. The future must therefore be built around human potential, with education, research, technical skills, women’s economic participation, entrepreneurship and technology placed at the centre of national policy. Universities must produce knowledge and innovation, while businesses should compete on merit rather than connections and public policy should create an environment in which talent can translate into opportunity. Economic progress, however, cannot be sustained without social justice and equal citizenship. Prosperity loses its meaning when millions remain excluded from quality education, healthcare, employment and basic security. Nor can national cohesion flourish when citizens in different regions experience unequal access to opportunity and public services. Pakistan’s federal structure should therefore be strengthened through meaningful provincial autonomy, empowered local governments and balanced regional development. Above all, equality must be experienced rather than merely proclaimed. A citizen’s dignity and opportunities should never depend upon wealth, status, influence, province or identity; only then can diversity
COMMENT 05
become a source of national strength rather than division. For the generation born and raised in independent Pakistan, 1947 is no longer a lived memory but a chapter of history. They know the country not through the trauma of Partition or the speeches of its founders, but through the quality of their education, the opportunities available to them, the fairness of institutions, the prospects of employment and the security of their families. Their relationship with Pakistan will therefore be shaped less by what we ask them to remember and more by what the state enables them to experience. We cannot expect young people to believe in a national promise while denying them the opportunity to see that promise reflected in their own lives. Patriotism cannot substitute indefinitely for good governance, justice, equality and economic opportunity; a confident nation earns the loyalty of its youth by giving them reasons to believe in its future. After 79 years, Pakistan’s greatest achievement may be that its people have kept the dream alive through every crisis. Farmers have continued to cultivate, teachers to educate, doctors to serve, workers to labour, entrepreneurs to build and young people to dream, while millions of Pakistanis
As Pakistan celebrates its 79th Independence Day, perhaps the finest way to honour 14 August is not simply to look back with pride, but to look forward with purpose. Let us celebrate a Pakistan that has survived against formidable odds, while believing in a Pakistan that can rise beyond them. May the coming years bring us closer to a country where justice is trusted, knowledge is valued, merit is rewarded, diversity is embraced and every citizen feels an equal owner of the national destiny. The Pakistan we inherited was a hard-won achievement; the Pakistan we leave behind must be our greatest contribution
abroad continue to contribute to the country they still regard as home. But the next chapter must demand more than resilience. Pakistan must move from endurance to progress, from patronage to merit, from personalitydriven politics to institutions, and from the struggle for power to the pursuit of public service. As the country enters its eightieth year, the ambition should be not merely to make Pakistan stronger, but to make it more just, prosperous, educated, democratic and secure in the constitutional ideals upon which it was founded. The promise of Pakistan was never meant to end with its creation. The generation that brought this country into being gave us sovereignty through extraordinary courage and sacrifice; those who followed defended it through wars, crises, upheavals and hardship. Our responsibility is now to give that sovereignty its fullest meaning by building a republic in which the dignity of the citizen is protected, the Constitution commands respect, institutions serve the public, and opportunity is determined by merit rather than privilege. The unfinished journey of Pakistan is therefore not a verdict on the past but an invitation to shape a better future. As Pakistan celebrates its 79th Independence Day, perhaps the finest way to honour 14 August is not simply to look back with pride, but to look forward with purpose. Let us celebrate a Pakistan that has survived against formidable odds, while believing in a Pakistan that can rise beyond them. May the coming years bring us closer to a country where justice is trusted, knowledge is valued, merit is rewarded, diversity is embraced and every citizen feels an equal owner of the national destiny. The Pakistan we inherited was a hard-won achievement; the Pakistan we leave behind must be our greatest contribution. The writer has a PhD in Political Science, and is a visiting faculty member at QAU Islamabad. He can be reached at zafarkhansafdar@yahoo.com and tweets @zafarkhansafdar
Trump has amassed staggering wealth in ‘most openly corrupt’ presidency
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THE GUARDIAN Peter Stone
ONALD Trump’s use of his second presidency to grow his personal fortune has alarmed legal and ethics experts and congressional Democrats as he has reaped an “unprecedented” $2.2bn in 2025 revenues by amassing big cryptocurrency holdings, benefiting from wealthy foreign interests, expanding his Truth Social business and more, while federal oversight of his actions has waned. Trump last year raked in at least $1.4bn from his crypto ventures according to financial disclosure forms he filed in June. Simultaneously, about one million investors in a Trump crypto scheme suffered almost $3.8bn in losses as their volatile crypto holdings tanked in value. Monetizing his presidency further this summer, Trump’s Truth Social media business is pushing a new scheme that offers wealthy buyers special early access to his posts for a fee of $100,000 a month, which top Democrats and public interest groups say pose serious conflict of interest and corruption issues. Mark Warner, the Democratic senator of Virginia, in July wrote to six major Wall Street financial trade groups urging them to reject a new Truth Social product, dubbed Truth API, that would enrich Trump by giving big investors early looks at Trump’s postings. Warner’s letter urged that they “not legitimize an arrangement that sells privileged access to market-moving presidential communications, especially for the president’s personal financial benefit”. On another monetization front, critics raised red flags about how Trump tapped his justice department to forge a potentially lucrative and sketchy deal to settle a $10bn lawsuit by Trump against the IRS about a leak of his tax returns that gives him and his family immunity from IRS audits of prior tax returns and could save him $100m. Likewise some analysts are troubled by how Trump has circumvented the constitution’s prohibition on foreign emoluments by accepting a $400m plane as a gift from Qatar, and how other wealthy foreigners have backed some Trump family hotel and
‘While Trump’s second term is less than half over, it already looks like the most openly corrupt administration in our history’
Poll revealed that 66% of 1,225 respondents said Trump doesn’t put good of the country over his personal gain and only 34% said he does
He has reaped an ‘unprecedented’ $2.2bn in 2025 revenues by amassing big cryptocurrency holdings
memecoin, $MELANIA – “erased an estimated $4.3 billion in retail wealth in recent months, with 2 million holders currently underwater”. In stark contrast, the same report found that 45 other crypto wallets that were early holders of $Trump coins had profited by about $1.2bn. After Trump’s memecoin bash in 2025 prompted conflict of interest questions and charges of corruption, the press secretary, Karoline Leavitt, said Trump was “abiding by all conflict-of-interest laws that are applicable to the president”. But legal critics and experts say Trump’s monetization of his presidency has given short shrift to conflict of interest concerns, as his regulators have eased oversight and Trump has used his office to reward an array of wealthy allies in crypto and other fields. The Cornell economist Eswar Prasad faults the Trump administration’s regulatory laxness for some of the scandals and legal headaches that have plagued the crypto industry. “The Trump administration has clearly shifted the priorities and focus of the government’s regulatory apparatus to look past any and all sins of the crypto industry, thereby directly benefiting the Trump family’s financial interests,” Prasad said. A case in point, say critics, has been the weak oversight of Binance, the world’s biggest crypto exchange that has benefited Trump’s World Liberty Financial. WLF was tapped to play a central role in a $2bn investment by the Abu Dhabi financial fund MGX that is backed by the United Arab Emirates in Binance. As part of the deal, the Abu Dhabi fund bought $2bn of a WLF stablecoin, dubbed USD1, to invest in Binance. Stablecoins are a popular type of cryptocurrency that are often pegged to the dollar. The WLF deal came after Binance in 2023 pleaded guilty to violating US moneylaundering laws and other violations and the justice department fined it a whopping $4.3bn. Furthermore, Binance’s ex-CEO and founder, Changpeng Zhao, pleaded guilty in the US to violating the Bank Secrecy Act and failing to maintain an effective antimoney-laundering program. Zhao, who still owns 90% of Binance, served a four-month jail term in 2024 and last year received a pardon from Trump. Despite Binance pledges to crack down on crime, internal investigators last year found that about $1.7bn in crypto reportedly moved through Binance to Iranian entities linked to terrorism. Similarly, watchdog groups are sharply critical of Truth Social’s offer to sell Wall Street advance looks at Trump’s Truth Social
golf deals abroad. Beyond his personal enrichment, Trump’s monetizing his office and transactional governing style has proved lucrative to his sons, some top advisers, billionaire buddies, big donors and other allies, say critics. A CNN poll in late July buttressed criticism of Trump’s monetizing his second term: the poll revealed that 66% of 1,225 respondents said Trump doesn’t put the good of the country over his personal gain and only 34% said he does. Former federal officials, historians and other experts have raised “corruption” concerns and other red flags as Trump has monetized his presidency for personal gain in ways that far exceed any other president’s tenure. “Trump has figured out a way to monetize the presidency, political power and public policy in ways no other president has achieved,” Princeton historian Julian Zelizer told the Guardian. “In the first term, he created the thinnest of firewalls between his business and policy. In the second term, he didn’t put up any firewall and smashed all guardrails that existed. “The precedent is dangerous in general, as we are moving to a virtually unregulated era where there will be unending opportunities for corruption.” Former election officials concur that Trump is cashing in on his presidency to an unprecedented level. “Trump has openly rejected restraints on presidential conflicts of interests and is using the powers of the presidency, both real and imagined, to financially benefit his and his family’s business interests on an unprecedented level,” said Larry Noble, a former general counsel at the Federal Election Commission who now teaches law at American University. “In just the first year of this term, he reported his business holdings earned over $2bn.” Noble added: “While Trump’s second term is less than half over, it already looks like the most openly corrupt administration in our history. “Whether you’re a foreign country, a company or an individual who wants the government to approve a business deal, stop an investigation or just be a friend when you need a favor, the message is that this is a pay to play administration.” Other legal experts offer equally strong critiques. “I think the biggest concern is not simply that the president is making money from his office, but the potential for corruption,” said Barbara McQuade, a former fed-
eral prosecutor for eastern Michigan who now teaches at the University of Michigan law school. “Trump’s settlement of his lawsuit against the IRS typifies his self-dealing. The judge assigned to the case later found that because Trump controlled both sides of the case, there was no adversity of parties to provide the court with jurisdiction. Instead, Trump used the court to legitimize what was essentially a gift to him at taxpayer expense.” Since his second term began, Trump has dismissed concerns about conflicts of interests, boasting to the New York Times in January that he has a “very honest family” and that he had never taken his presidential salary. Unlike prior presidents, though, Trump has declined to put his assets in a completely blind trust or divest from his businesses, although ethics experts have urged him to do so. Despite Trump’s protestations, Trump’s crypto earnings in 2025 are eye-popping –especially in contrast to the dismal returns for many investors and given Trump’s warnings in 2021 that crypto was a “scam”, and a “disaster waiting to happen”. Trump’s strong embrace of crypto came after the industry poured millions of dollars into his 2024 campaign, and he pledged to make the US “the crypto capital of the world” with less regulation. For instance, the crypto venture World Liberty Financial, which Trump and his sons launched in the fall of 2024 with the family of Steve Witkoff, who now is Trump’s special Middle East envoy, brought in $799m in 2025 for Trump, according to public filings. Last year too, Trump earned another $636m from his novelty memecoin $Trump which Trump began marketing just days before his inauguration in 2025. The Democratic senators Elizabeth Warren of Massachusetts and Adam Schiff of California this year wrote a tough letter to the Trump-allied memecoin marketing firm Fight Fight Fight as Trump was poised to host an April event for buyers of $Trump at Mar-a-Lago similar to one Trump hosted at his Virginia golf club last year. “We have previously raised concerns with President Trump’s willingness to use the presidency for personal profit,” the lawmakers noted in their letter to the marketing firm for $Trump. The letter stressed that “not all $TRUMP holders have benefited from their investment”, and cited a February industry report that $TRUMP – and the first lady’s
posts for $100,000 per month. “Using the presidency to channel non-public information to his media company’s major institutional customers for profit is not simply Trump’s newest act in self-dealing,” said Virginia Canter, the chief counsel for ethics and anti-corruption with Democracy Defenders Action. “It is a significant escalation in exploiting and monetizing the presidency for his personal private gain. Providing Trump Media high-speed access to official non-public information is a step towards normalizing insider trading and public corruption, disregarding the damage it may cause to regular investors who will not have the same access as his wealthy institutional customers.” Canter added that “Trump is increasingly dependent on the presidency to generate business profits since his media company has been losing money over the past several quarters.” Trump Media & Technology, the company behind the Truth Social platform, on 10 August announced it lost a whopping $238m in the three months through June as it branched out into new businesses including crypto. Top Democrats echo these critiques. In a July letter to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), Senators Schiff and Warren called the new Truth Social deal “an outrageous abuse of the President’s office for his personal benefit that undermines everyday investors and the integrity of our markets, while enriching Wall Street and other wealthy insiders”. Looking forward, McQuade urged “new rules and new consequences to protect the public from a president willing to put his own financial benefit ahead of the public interest”.
06 NEWS
CHINESE EXPERTS HIGHLIGHT CPC’S ROLE BEHIND CHINA’S RISE ON GLOBAL STAGE
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ISLAMABAD
MIAN ABRAR
HINESE Ambassador Mr Jiang Zaidong on Thursday said that China and Pakistan are playing a critical role for regional and global peace and stability, and the services of leaders of both countries reflect their commitment to regional and global peace and tranquillity. Addressing the participants of a seminar held here at the Chinese Embassy to highlight the role of the Communist Party of China (CPC) on the 105th anniversary of the foundation of the CPC, the Ambassador said that CPC's governance is a golden chapter of history, and the head of the state plays a key role in China’s diplomacy. He said President Xi has held extensive interaction and exchanges with leaders of the world. Stability and development go hand in hand, and President Xi has held talks with leaders of the US, Russia, and other countries to help stabilise global development, he added. He said that for interaction with leaders of major countries, Xi adopted a new pattern to interact with global leaders for global stability and development. “I know that Pakistan has played an important role in regional stability and peace, and yesterday also it exchanged messages between Iran and US. So both China and Pakistan have played a key role in maintaining regional and global stability and peace. China, Pakistan cooperation would keep steady, and we would continue to cooperate with Pakistan. The international and regional landscape is undergoing profound changes … so we are required to work together for global
and regional development and peace. Pakistan is our strategic partner, and it has become a key nation in regional and global aspects, and we are happy to work with Pakistan for developing China, Pakistan community for a shared future,” he added. IDCPC official Mr Liu Daxiu said that CPC General Secretary Xi Jinping’s speech on the 105th anniversary of CPC reflects the future vision of the party. He said that socialism is working well in China as the CPC is working for the betterment of the 1.4 billion people of China. He said the CPC central committee and all other departments of the government are working in tandem to achieve the objectives set by the party. He said that every cadre and worker of the party fulfils its responsibility to achieve the goals set by the party. He said that socialism with Chinese characteristics means that socialism was initiated from Marxism, but China adopted socialism with its own characteristics to integrate Marxism with China’s own culture and traditions. So Marxism has embraced China’s culture, and all this has been reflected in comprehensive ideas, and it is according to the core values of socialism. “At the national level, socialism reflects democracy, equal wealth distribution, and grassroots prosperity. The CPC is representative of the working class. So we have kept our focus on productivity and advanced technology. CPC is always is making its plans and strategies for advancement in technology and science. We are successfully using drone and AI technology for boosting agriculture. We are also improving production of semiconductors and robots,” he added.
CPC Party School official Professor Zheng Huan said that CPC has 100 million members which makes it the world’s biggest political party. The fundamental reason for CPC’s success is that the part remains steadfast in fulfilling its duties according to the party ideology and objectives. He said that in this technological age, the CPC remains committed to the party discipline and ideology and working hard to serve its people. He said China has its own unique conditions, and all the party works under the principles of socialism with Chinese characteristics. “Party school is the main channel for education and training and teaching of the party cadres. We have more than 2000 party schools, and we focus on training and education of the workers and party members. He said that democracies across the world are facing the challenge of political polarisation. The political parties face numerous challenges and fragmentation. The CPC has continuously been working for social cohesion and the key to success is the people-centred service approach. We are working on long-term objectives with holistic approach. China’s remarkable achievements are due to visionary and long term planning and pragmatic approach adopted to achieve the goals. China’s policies are based on gender-parity and for equal distribution of resources,” he added. He said during the 14th FiveYear Plan, China achieved a 5.5 percent growth rate and achieved long-term social stability. Industrial transformation is also another objective the CPC is
working on. President Xi said that we will work hand in hand for enduring public trust and work on capacity building to ensure justice in artificial intelligence. He quoted President Xi as saying that corruption can badly damage the CPC, and all members should adhere to the party discipline.
Cancer deaths climb in Gaza as treatment routes remain blocked GAZA CITY
AGENICES
Cancer patients in Gaza are dying at two to three times the rate seen before the war, as the destruction of the territory’s only specialised cancer hospital and continued restrictions on travel for treatment leave thousands without care. Doctors and Palestinian health officials say the crisis has deepened despite a ceasefire deal struck last October. Gaza’s health system, already devastated by the war that began in 2023, no longer offers chemotherapy or other advanced cancer treatment locally for an estimated 17,000 patients. Mohamed Abu Selmia, head of Al Shifa Hospital, said, "We have been recording a significant number of deaths, ranging from three to five daily, because patients are not receiving the chemotherapy needed to save their lives." Sobhi Skaik, a surgeon who previously headed the Turkish-Palestinian Friendship Hospital, said the pre-war death toll was about one to two patients a day, with some earlier figures putting it at around 1.7 per day. The Turkish-Palestinian Friendship Hospital, Gaza’s specialised cancer facility, was demolished in March 2025 in an Israeli-controlled demolition. Israel had earlier said troops found a Hamas tunnel beneath the hos-
Iran seeks compensation after oil spill reaches Qeshm island
PARIS (AGENCIES): Iran on Thursday warned of environmental damage in the Strait of Hormuz after an oil spill spread to the southern island of Qeshm, and called for compensation from those responsible. Foreign ministry spokesman Esmaeil Baqaei said the spill had degraded waters in the Gulf and the Sea of Oman. He said preliminary evidence pointed to a foreign bulk carrier as the source. In a post on X, Baqaei said such spills had in recent decades caused trillions of dollars in damage to Iran’s coastal areas.
pital, a claim it has yet to substantiate. For many patients, leaving Gaza has become the only chance of treatment. Khuloud Abu Sahmoud, a 33-year-old mother of two with advanced ovarian cancer, said she had been waiting since the ceasefire to travel for care in Egypt or elsewhere. "Every day my disease progresses, and my condition is tragic. My fingernails have all fallen out — I have none left. I am just waiting to die," she said, adding that the cancer had spread to her lungs and bones during the delay. Israel’s military agency COGAT said around 5,800 Gazans needing medical treatment had left for Egypt since February, when Israel agreed to a limited reopening of the Rafah crossing. COGAT said it coordinates medical evacuations with the World Health Organisation and that patients must have a valid request from a receiving country and pass security screening. It said, "Medical evacuations are in no sense restricted by the State of Israel but are wholly dependent on the receiving country's request; without the official request, COGAT cannot coordinate a patient's leave." Palestinian health officials gave a broader figure, saying 11,000 people, including patients, had crossed through Rafah since it reopened, which they said was less than half of what had been expected under the ceasefire arrangement.
Friday, 14 August 2026 | LAHORE
Friday, 14 August 2026 | LAHORE
STOCKS RALLY AT PSX AS ECONOMIC OPTIMISM OUTWEIGHS REGIONAL JITTERS
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PROFIT
NEWS DESK
UYING interest was observed at the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) on Thursday amid improved economic indicators, even as investors stayed cautious over the ongoing closure of the Strait of Hormuz and continued deadlock between Iran and the United States over ending the Gulf war. According to the PSX website, the market opened on a bullish note, with the benchmark KSE-100 Index climbing over 1,100 points to 181,433.85 by 10:45 am. Investors remained cautious as the session progressed, but the market held its positive trajectory. Buying was concentrated in key sectors including cement, commercial banks, fertiliser, oil marketing companies (OMCs) and power generation. By 2:20 pm, the index stood at 181,008.42, up 697.21 points, or 0.39%, from the previous day's close. On Wednesday, the PSX had staged a recovery as buying resumed following two consecutive sessions of profit-tak-
ing, with the market receiving a late boost from reports of an extension to the US-Iran ceasefire. The KSE-100 closed that session at 180,311.22 points. On the economic front, Pakistan posted a fiscal deficit of Rs3.3 trillion, or 2.6% of GDP, during FY26, a 46% yearon-year decline from the Rs6.2 trillion deficit, or 5.4% of GDP, recorded in FY25. The country's primary surplus rose to
Pakistan fiscal deficit drops to 2.6% of GDP in FY26 PROFIT
WEB DESK
Pakistan’s fiscal deficit fell to Rs3.31 trillion, or 2.6% of GDP, in fiscal year 2025-26, marking its lowest level in more than two decades, Adviser to the Finance Minister Khurram Schehzad said on Thursday. The government also posted a primary surplus of Rs3.63 trillion, equivalent to 2.9% of GDP, as public finances recorded their strongest performance in 22 years, according to figures shared by Schehzad. The primary surplus has strengthened steadily, rising from 0.9% of GDP in FY24 to 2.4% in FY25 and 2.9% in FY26. Schehzad said the latest figure was the highest since FY21. The fiscal deficit has declined for three consecutive years from 7.9% of GDP in FY22. Over the three-year period, the deficit improved by 5.2 percentage points of GDP, while the primary balance improved by 3.9 percentage points, moving from a 1.0% deficit to a 2.9% surplus.
a record Rs3.6 trillion, or 2.9% of GDP, up 34% year-on-year. Total revenues grew 10% year-on-year during FY26, driven mainly by a 12% rise in tax revenues, while non-tax revenues increased 5%. The growth in tax collections was largely attributed to a 14% rise in direct taxes and a 9% increase in sales tax collections. Globally, stocks edged higher on Thursday and oil stayed below $90 with
investors turning their attention back to the conflict in Iran, after softer-thanexpected U.S. data reinforced expectations that the Federal Reserve will keep rates unchanged next month. Traders scaled back their bets on a September rate hike, pricing in a 65% probability of the Fed staying on hold next month versus 50% on Wednesday before the release of the latest economic data and inflation figures. A raft of upbeat earnings from AI infrastructure firms boosted technology stocks on Wall Street on Wednesday with the broader semiconductor index advancing about 2.5%, the biggest daily rise in almost a week, and the Nasdaq outperforming peers. MSCI's main world stocks index rose 0.10%. Europe's STOXX 600 was up 0.11%, with tech stocks rising 0.13%. Nasdaq futures edged 0.03% and S&P 500 futures increased 0.09%. The S&P 500 index edged 0.17% higher on Thursday at 7,445.72, after hitting 7,517.12 last week, a fresh record high. Brent futures were down 91 cents, or 1%, to $88.07 a barrel at 0800 GMT, trimming gains over the prior six sessions.
Govt appoints Ghulamullah Shaikh as NEPRA Member from Sindh for three years PROFIT
AHMAD AHMADANI
The federal government has appointed Ghulamullah Shaikh as Member (Law) of the National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (NEPRA) from Sindh for a three-year term with immediate effect, filling a key vacant position in the power sector regulator. The position of Member NEPRA from Sindh had fallen vacant following the retirement of Rafique Ahmad Shaikh after completion of his two terms. According to a notification issued by the Cabinet Secretariat, Establishment Division, on August 12, 2026, Ghulamullah Shaikh has been appointed under Section 3(2)(c)(ii) of the Regulation of Generation,
Transmission and Distribution of Electric Power Act, 1997. The notification said the appointment would carry monthly pay and emoluments equivalent to the median of the MP-I scale, along with admissible prerequisites. The appointment has been
made under the Cabinet Division and will remain effective for three years unless further orders are issued by the federal government. Ghulamullah Shaikh has been described as an active member of NEPRA, with his contribution to improvement of the power sector being discussed at different forums. The appointment comes as NEPRA continues to play a critical role in regulating the country’s electricity sector, including matters relating to generation, transmission and distribution. With the appointment of the Sindh member, the federal government has filled one of the vacant provincial positions in the regulatory authority. However, the appointment of a Member NEPRA from Balochistan is still pending.
NEWS 07
Petroleum dealers, govt talks fail, dealers stick to Saturday strike decision PROFIT
AHMAD AHMADANI
Talks between petroleum dealers and the government have failed, with negotiations turning tense as the dealers remained firm on their decision to go on strike from Saturday morning. A delegation of the Pakistan Petroleum Dealers Association (PPDA) held a nearly five-hour meeting with Federal Petroleum Minister Ali Pervaiz Malik and officials of the Ministry of Petroleum. The talks remained tense, with the petroleum minister expressing displeasure over the 72-hour ultimatum issued by the dealers. According to petroleum dealers, the government refused to change the recently introduced system of daily adjustments in petroleum product prices during the negotiations. The government, however, assured the dealers that it would discuss an increase of Rs1.34 per litre in their margin. The dealers said any such increase would be subject to approval by the federal cabinet. The dealers said they were dissatisfied with the attitude of the petroleum minister following the talks and decided to immediately return to Karachi. The PPDA delegation, led by its chairman, will leave for Karachi shortly, where the association has also called an emergency meeting of its executive committee.
Pakistan eyes tokenisation of real estate, investment assets PROFIT
WEB DESK
Pakistan is examining the potential use of digital assets and tokenisation, including possible applications in real estate and other investment assets, the Finance Division said on Thursday. The issue was discussed during a meeting between Federal Minister for Finance and Revenue Senator Muhammad Aurangzeb and Pakistan Digital Authority (PDA) Chairperson Dr Sohail Munir, which focused on digital transformation, digital finance and technology-led measures to improve access to finance and support economic activity. The participants stressed the need for an appropriate regulatory and institutional framework to support the responsible adoption of emerging technologies. Aurangzeb said existing frameworks should evolve in line with advances in digital technology and emerging business models.
Friday, 14 August, 2026
PRAYER TIMINGS
Pakistan vow to deepen PM WOOS NORWEGIAN INVESTMENT IN OIL, GAS Norway, defence and security cooperation SECTOR, PUSHES FOR ‘BIGGER BILATERAL TRADE’
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RIME Minister Muhammad Shehbaz Sharif on Thursday invited Norwegian companies to invest in Pakistan’s oil and gas exploration sector and called for enhanced bilateral trade, reiterating Pakistan’s strong desire to further expand economic and trade relations with Norway. Welcoming the visiting dignitary, the prime minister expressed satisfaction over the warm and cordial relations between Pakistan and Norway and appreciated Norway’s
STAFF CORRESPONDENT
bilateral cooperation with Pakistan, particularly in education, skilled labour, climate resilience and technology, according to a statement issued by the PMO. He reiterated Pakistan’s strong desire to further expand trade relations between the two countries. Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Senator Mohammad Ishaq Dar, Minister for Commerce Jam Kamal Khan, Minister for Climate Change Dr. Musadik Malik, Minister for Overseas Pakistanis and Human Resource Development Chaudhry Salik Hussain, Special Assistant to the Prime Minister Tariq
Fatemi and other senior officials were also present. During discussions on the regional and global situation, Prime Minister Shehbaz appreciated Norway’s principled stand in support of Palestine and thanked it for its consistent support to Pakistan’s regional peace efforts in the Gulf. The Norwegian foreign minister thanked the prime minister for the warm reception and conveyed the good wishes of Norwegian Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Støre. He praised Pakistan’s significant role in regional peace efforts and reaffirmed Norway’s interest in further strengthening bilat-
eral ties across diverse sectors, while particularly appreciating the positive contribution of the Pakistani diaspora in Norway. The prime minister also extended an invitation to the Norwegian prime minister to undertake an official visit to Pakistan. Delegation-level talks review entire gamut of bilateral cooperation Earlier in the day, Norwegian Foreign Minister Espen Barth Eide held delegation-level talks with Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Senator Mohammad Ishaq Dar, according to the Foreign Office (FO).
A high-level delegation from the Kingdom of Norway, led by Minister of Foreign Affairs Mr Espen Barth Eide, called on Field Marshal Syed Asim Munir, NI (M), HJ, Chief of Army Staff and Chief of Defence Forces (COAS & CDF), at General Headquarters (GHQ), Rawalpindi, on Thursday. During the meeting, the two sides discussed matters of mutual interest, regional security and bilateral relations between Pakistan and Norway.
Leadership greets nation on 79th I-Day, reaffirms unity, resolve to safeguard sovereignty ISLAMABAD
STAFF REPORT
National leadership, including Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif and President Asif Ali Zardari, as well as the services chiefs on behalf of the Armed Forces of Pakistan, on Thursday extended warmest greetings to Pakistanis at home and abroad on the occasion of the 79th Independence Day, paying tribute to the sacrifices behind the creation of Pakistan and reaffirming the national resolve to safeguard its sovereignty, unity and progress. In their special Independence Day messages, the national leadership paid tribute to the founding leaders of Pakistan, including Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah and Allama Muhammad Iqbal, along with other stalwarts of the Pakistan Movement, saying the nation owed the fulfilment of its dream of an independent homeland to their vision, statesmanship and sacrifices. Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif said Pakistan, guided by Islamic teachings and the vision of Quaide-Azam, guaranteed equal freedom to all citizens without discrimination, adding that the Constitution and laws of the country ensured the fundamental rights of every citizen.
Highlighting the government’s economic achievements over the past two-and-a-half years, the prime minister said the country had successfully navigated challenging circumstances to achieve economic stability and was now moving towards becoming a developed economy. He noted that remittances from overseas Pakistanis had increased by US$11.3 billion over the past two years, describing the rise as a reflection of their confidence in government policies. The prime minister said harnessing modern information technology, promoting innovation-driven industrial and agricultural development, creating employment opportunities and establishing a world-class education and skills system remained among the government’s top priorities. Paying tribute to the armed forces, Prime Minister Shehbaz said the military, under the leadership of Field Marshal Syed Asim Munir, had demonstrated exemplary unity and courage during “Marka-e-Haq”, adding another chapter to the country’s history of defence. He said Pakistan remained committed to defending its national interests, including its right to water resources, and reiterated that the country would continue to play its role as a responsible nation and a
stabilising force for regional and global peace. He cited the Makkah Joint Defence Agreement between Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and Türkiye as testimony to Pakistan’s growing strategic role in the region. Reiterating Pakistan’s principled position on the Kashmir dispute, the prime minister expressed solidarity with the people of Jammu and Kashmir and the Palestinian people. He said lasting peace in South Asia was contingent upon a diplomatic resolution of the Kashmir dispute in line with United Nations resolutions, international law and the aspirations of the Kashmiri people. The prime minister also paid tribute to the martyrs of the armed forces and law enforcement agencies who sacrificed their lives for the country, and called upon all segments of society, particularly political parties, to work together for national unity, integrity and the advancement of national interests. ‘Independence Day Reminder of Sacrifices That Made Pakistan Possible’ In a separate message, President Asif Ali Zardari paid tribute to Quaide-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the leaders and workers of the Pakistan Movement, and all those who sacrificed their homes and livelihoods in the struggle for a homeland.
Pakistan intensifies diplomatic efforts to secure release of 10 sailors held by Somali pirates ISLAMABAD
STAFF CORRESPONDENT
Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar on Thursday directed relevant stakeholders to maintain close coordination and intensify diplomatic engagement with national and international partners for the safe release of 10 Pakistani sailors held hostage by Somali pirates since April. The sailors were among the crew of the Palau-flagged oil tanker MT Honour 25, which was hijacked by armed pirates off the coast of Puntland, Somalia, on April 21. The hostages also include seven Indonesian nationals, including the captain, as well as one Indian and one Sri Lankan crew member. Chairing a high-level meeting to review Pakistan’s intensified efforts for the sailors’ release, Dar directed
all relevant stakeholders to remain in close and regular contact with the Somali authorities and international organisations to facilitate the safe recovery of the hostages. According to the Foreign Office, Dar expressed hope that sustained and coordinated diplomatic engagement would yield a positive outcome and secure the sailors’ safe return. He also expressed solidarity with the families of the detained crew members. The sailors have remained in captivity for more than three months, with no reported breakthrough in negotiations or efforts to secure their release. The ransom reportedly demanded by the pirates is around $3 million. The development comes days after the crew issued another distress appeal, urging the Pakistani government to intervene for their release. In video messages, the
hostages appeared visibly distressed and appealed for urgent assistance, saying they had faced shortages of food, clean water and medicines. The crew has made several appeals since the vessel was hijacked, while earlier messages and calls were reportedly used by the pirates to pressure the families of the hostages for ransom. The prolonged captivity has also been complicated by uncertainty surrounding the ownership of the vessel, with questions emerging over who actually owns MT Honour 25 and whether the individual initially identified as its owner was instead a middleman who had hired the crew. The Foreign Office said the government remained “fully seized” of the situation and would continue coordinated diplomatic efforts to secure the sailors’ safe release and return home.
Published by Asad Nizami at Qandeel Printing Press, 4 Queens Road, Lahore, for PT Print (Pvt) Limited. Ph: 042-36300938, 042-36375965. Email: newsroom@pakistantoday.com.pk
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Field Marshal Syed Asim Munir highlighted Pakistan’s perspective on global peace and regional stability, underscoring the importance of cooperation and collective efforts to address shared security challenges. The visiting dignitary appreciated the professional role played by the Pakistan Armed Forces in promoting regional peace and stability. Both sides reaffirmed their resolve to further strengthen bilateral relations and expand cooperation and engagement in the fields of defence and security.
Friday, 14 August 2026 | LAHORE
PAKISTAN: LEVERAGING PAST INSIGHTS FOR FUTURE GROWTH
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KALIM FAROOQUI
S we celebrate 79th Independence Day of Pakistan, it is appropriate that we take stock of what Pakistan was, what it went through in recent decades and what we can hope for in the future. It came into being on 14th of August 1947. This was the period when the World War II had just recently ended and many nations from Japan in the East to Germany in the West were rebuilding themselves from the ravages of war, which besides taking numerous human lives, was also a major setback to their economies. 79 years in a nation’s history is not long, but long enough to set the direction right. Pakistan emerged on the world map right after the world war ended. The two globally emerging alliances then were the capitalist and the communist. Siding with the capitalists, Pakistan was invited to join the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) of 1954 and Central Treat Organization
of 1955 (CENTO) created to block communist expansion, and to secure strategic regions in which Pakistan played a meaningful role. Located in South Asia with an area of over 800,000 km and with a coastline of 1100 km, Pakistan is labelled as the fifth largest country having a population of over 250 million with 60% youth under the age of 30 years. It is blessed with both human and natural resources which include available fertile lands having water networks and a comprehensive irrigation system which provide agriculture sector with the basic ingredients needed. Additionally, coal & gas reserves, copper fields, salt ranges, gold, gypsum, chromite, iron ore, and different varieties of rare earth from its extensive mineral deposits wait for it to be developed. Consequently, it has well established industrial base for textiles, cement, fertilizer, steel, automotive, sugar, engineering goods, leather and the list continue with industrial units providing value added goods. Pakistan does not lack anything a nation can desire considering a diverse landscape ranging from the towering peaks of the Karakoram, Hindu Kush, and Himalaya mountain ranges in the north, including K2, down to the fertile plains of Punjab, the arid expanses of the Thar and Balochistan deserts, and the mangroves and beaches along the Arabian Sea coastline in the south. Laurels were earned by the founding supervisors in every field since they had struggled for Pakistan and were very much on track with the teachings, wisdom and the vision of the Quaid, Mohammed Ali Jinnah had for the newly found Pakistan. It
is common knowledge that Pakistan’s economy in the 50’s and 60’s was amongst the fast growing in the world and the most recognized in Asia. Amongst the facts known are that it was Japan which partnered with Pakistan in their initial growth seeking supplier’s credit from Pakistan to buy jute and raw cotton and in turn supply textile machinery, later. This was since textile was the only industry allowed to revive under Japan’s occupation which ended in 1952 after the World War and its sovereignty fully restored. Pakistan had sent its first trade mission to Japan under Mirza Abul Ispahani as early in September 1948 to review Japanese textile industry for Pakistan’s benefit. Few would know that the only Head of State ever to be received at the airport by the Emperor of Japan himself at the time, was the President of Pakistan, Ayub Khan. Pakistan was known as the “tower of strength” on the Japanese peace treaty signed on September 8th, 1951, at San Francisco as was stated by the then US Secretary of State John Foster Dulles. It was in 1961 that the first state visit ever by a Pakistani Head of State was made to meet his counterpart in Germany who recognized Pakistan as an example of successful development policy in a developing country and partnered with Pakistan to launch an industrial development program; hence becoming one of the first economic partner of Germany. It may even surprise many that Pakistan, in 1963 had loaned 120 million Rupees to Germany for development when the parity of the then Deutsche Mark was below the Pakistani Rupee at 0.75.
It was unfortunate for the country to have gone through an extremely bad patch extending over 2 decades because of regional turmoil and uncertainties. First on account of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and thereafter getting involved with the global war on terror after the 9/11 incident in America; not to mention the Iran-Iraq war lasting 8 years in the neighborhood. Pakistan had become the front-line state fighting in both cases resulting in human losses of over 60 thousand innocent lives and billions of dollars in terms of economic losses. Pakistan had also in the meantime, denoted nuclear devises to counter the threats from India and in doing so faced sanctions which took a heavy toll on the economy. This is the period when Pakistan faced severe difficulties in overcoming the impediments that were created. Hope could have fast given way to despair, but Pakistan remained steadfast in maintaining a balance in the fast-changing geopolitical situation which even presently continues when we see Pakistan playing a pivotal mediatory role between waring nations one of which happens to be a close neighbour. China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CEPC), with China agreeing to invest more than 50 billion Dollars for infrastructure improvement and towards which, no less than the President of China himself visited Pakistan in 2015 to witness the signing of agreements in different sectors which included roads, highways and energy speak volumes about Pakistan maintaining cordial relations with all. This single phenomenon was being viewed to be the game changer for Pakistan in the days ahead since the
Government of Pakistan had also made plans for 30 Special Economic Zones (SEZ’s) to be built alongside inviting foreign investors to benefit from the packages being announced by different provinces connecting with the Belt and Road initiative by China to follow. However, the regional geopolitical changes and their influences on domestic political dispensation did have their own effects. Focus on security concerns overshadowed other national priorities essential for economic progress and prosperity. For the roller coaster ride witnessing ups and downs through the years, it was the focus on security that took priority in view of Pakistan’s strategic location. Consequently, trial and error on the civilian side to improve governance saw systems repeatedly oscillating between parliamentary democracy and military authoritarianism, notwithstanding the need to find a balance. Looking back, assessing the present, knowing the global positioning in the mediatory role played and accepting that all ingredients and advantages for a thriving existence are available, Pakistan needs to and is working towards the changes badly needed in the system to adopt itself with the present-day challenges in meeting the aspirations of its people. Pakistan Zindabad! Nahin hai na umeed Iqbal apni kasht-e-veeran se, Zara num ho to yeh mitti bari zarkhaiz hay saqi Allama Muhammad Iqbal
The writer is a member of several Bi-Lateral Business Forums and the Managing Director of Technology Links. Email: <kftl@cyber.net.pk>
II SUPPLEMENT
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Friday, 14 August, 2026 | LAHORE
14TH AUGUST AND SILENT SENTINELS OF THE SEA FAWAD HASSAN
VERY year, as the fourteenth of August approaches, the country begins to wear its identity a little more visibly. Green and white flags appear on rooftops and rickshaws, bazaars fill with buntings, and homes light up in the colours of the flag. Independence Day is a time of deep national pride, a moment to honour the vision of the Founding Fathers and the resilience of a nation that has weathered countless storms. Yet while much of the public celebration naturally focuses on the land and sky, a silent, unrelenting vigil continues far beyond our shores. Across the vast expanse of the northern Arabian Sea, Pakistan Navy stands guard over the country’s maritime frontiers, ensuring that the independence gained in 1947 remains secure, sovereign, and prosperous. When Pakistan came into being on 14th August 1947, it inherited not just land and people but nearly 1,060 kilometres of coastline along the Arabian Sea, stretching from the Sir Creek in the east to the Iranian border in the west. This coastline was far more than a geographical feature it was, and remains, a strategic asset of enormous consequence. Karachi, then a modest port city, would go on to become the country’s commercial heart, and the sea lanes running through it would become the arteries through which Pakistan’s trade, energy supplies, and connectivity with the world would flow. Pakistan Navy was raised almost simultaneously with the country itself, a young force with limited assets but an unmistakable sense of purpose. From those early days of a handful of ships to today’s modern, multi-dimensional force, the Navy’s growth has tracked the growth of the nation modest beginnings met with resolve, and resolve gradually translated into capability. The sea is often described as invisible in a way that land borders are not. There are no fences, no checkpoints visible to the ordinary citizen, and yet the maritime domain carries almost the entirety of Pakistan’s international trade by volume. Nearly all of the country’s oil and gas imports, and the bulk of its exports, move by sea. This makes the Arabian Sea not a peripheral concern but a central one the difference between a functioning economy and a strangled one can rest on the security of a few key sea lanes.
It is this reality, in fact, that defines Pakistan Navy’s core mission: to ensure that no adversary can hold Pakistan’s maritime trade or coastline hostage. Through persistent surface, sub-surface, and aerial capabilities, Pakistan Navy maintains a continuous vigil over territorial waters and the wider Exclusive Economic Zone. Submarines, frigates, missile boats, maritime patrol aircraft, and increasingly indigenous shipbuilding efforts under programmes such as the Jinnah-class frigates and Hangor-class submarines reflect a force that has consciously moved from dependence to self-reliance. Beyond the realm of wartime engagements, Pakistan Navy has consistently proven to be a pillar of national resilience through its Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR) operations. Whenever natural calamities strike whether devastating floods inland, severe coastal cyclones, or earthquakes Pakistan Navy is among the first to respond. Deploying hovercraft, helicopters, and specialized diving units, naval personnel have saved countless lives, evacuated stranded communities, provided critical medical care, and supplied tonnage of relief materials to affected coastal and riverine regions, proving that its duty to the nation extends to every citizen in distress. As the geopolitical landscape shifted over the decades, the role of Pakistan Navy evolved from traditional coastal defense to a multifaceted maritime security strategy. Sitting at the doorstep of the Strait of Hormuz a global energy chokepoint the safety of the northern Arabian Sea became vital not just to the nation, but to global trade. Recognizing that modern maritime threats are non-conventional, ranging from piracy and sea-borne terrorism to weapons smuggling, Pakistan joined international maritime security initiatives. The Navy has repeatedly commanded Combined Task Forces CTF-150 and CTF-151 under the Combined Maritime Forces, earning international acclaim for safeguarding critical sea lanes in the Gulf of Aden and Indian Ocean. To further assert its strategic posture, the Navy initiated its Regional Maritime Security Patrols (RMSP), maintaining a persistent presence in vital oceanic zones to fulfil international obligations and keep vital shipping corridors safe. This active posture was clearly demonstrated through Operation Muhafiz-ul-Bahr (Protector of the
Sea), launched to safeguard Pakistan’s Sea Lines of Communication (SLOCs) and guarantee the uninterrupted flow of national energy supplies amidst heightened regional tensions and threats to shipping lanes. By escorting merchant vessels and maintaining strict surveillance over critical sea route Pakistan Navy ensured that the nation's economic engine remained operational without disruption. The diplomatic and economic impact of Pakistan Navy was further highlighted by a historic breakthrough: the removal of Pakistan from the Joint War Committee (JWC) of Lloyd’s Market Association listed areas for war risk insurance. Following dedicated engagements and strategic advocacy led by Chief of the Naval Staff Admiral Naveed Ashraf with Lloyd’s in London, Pakistan’s territorial waters were declared clear of high-risk war designations after more than a decade. This monumental achievement dramatically reduced war-risk insurance premiums for ships visiting Pakistani ports, cutting commercial shipping costs and bolstering international trade competitiveness. It is a reminder that naval security is not an abstract good; it translates directly into lower costs and greater confidence for the country’s trade. On the capability front, similarly, April 2026 brought a milestone Pakistan Navy had been building toward for over a decade: the commissioning of PNS/M Hangor, the first of eight new Hangor-class, air-independent-propulsion submarines being built in partnership with China. Commissioned at a ceremony in Sanya attended by the President and the Chief of Naval Staff, and arriving at its home port in Karachi weeks later, Hangor carries forward the name of the submarine that made history in 1971 as the first since the Second World War to sink a warship in combat. As the remaining boats of the class enter service in the coming years, the programme will substantially deepen Pakistan’s underwater deterrence and reinforce the credibility of its maritime defence posture. Taken together, these developments an active escort operation in a volatile neighbourhood, a decadesold insurance stigma finally lifted, and a new generation of submarines entering the fleet capture what the Navy’s role looks like in practice: not a single dramatic act, but a continuous accumulation of vigilance, capability, and trust.
SUPPLEMENT III
Friday, 14 August, 2026 | LAHORE
M E S S A G E Congratulations from the Consul General of the Islamic Republic of Iran on the Occasion of the Independence Day of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan In the Name of God, the Most Compassionate, the Most Merciful
AKBAR EISAA ZADEH - CONSUL GENERAL OF THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN
It gives me immense pleasure and honor, on behalf of the Government and people of the Islamic Republic of Iran, to extend my warmest and most sincere congratulations to the Government, Armed Forces, and brotherly people of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan on the 79th anniversary of its Independence, celebrated on August 14. August 14 serves as a profound reminder of the tireless efforts, immense sacrifices, and visionary leadership of Pakistan’s founding fathers, particularly Quaid-e-
From the dawn of freedom to the frontiers of the future
P
IZMI HERLANI
AKISTAN’S Independence Day is not merely an annual ritual of flags and parades; it is a reaffirmation of a promise, the promise that this nation will remain Secure, Sovereign and Second to None in the defence of its skies and its destiny. In our era, that promise finds its sharpest expression in Pakistan Air Force, whose ascendancy under the visionary leadership of Air Chief Marshal Zaheer Ahmed Baber Sidhu has transformed the green and white of the national flag into living realities of Strength, Sacrifice and Strategic maturity. Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah envisioned Pakistan Air Force as “an efficient Air Force, Second to None,” a Force rooted in Discipline, Character and Professionalism rather than mere numbers or spectacle. From the early struggles of a fledgling Service to its storied heroics in 1965 and beyond, PAF has treated the Quaid’s words not as a slogan, but as an oath, a guiding principle that every generation of “Men in Blue” must earn afresh in the crucible of operations. On Independence Day, when the Pakistani flag ascends the mast, that oath is renewed and today it is embodied with exceptional clarity in the leadership philosophy of ACM Sidhu. His assumption of command in 2021 was not a routine transition, but the beginning of a doctrinal and technological renaissance. In a volatile regional environment, he charted a deliberate strategic choice: PAF would no longer chase prestige platforms for headlines; it would build war-winning capabilities, integrated across Land, Air, Space, Cyber and the Electromagnetic Spectrum. Under his leadership, the Force shifted from platform-centric thinking to Kill Chaincentric doctrine, the ability to Find, Fix, Track, Target, Engage and Assess across multiple domains with Speed, Precision and Coherence. Radars, AEW&C platforms, fighter aircraft, UAVs, UCAVs, groundbased air defences and long-range strike assets have been fused into a single, intelligent system designed to See First, Decide First and Strike First. The leadership renaissance did not merely modernize hardware; it recalibrated mindset, making PAF a Multi-Domain Air Force that understands the character of 21st century warfare and is prepared to stay ahead of it. Today, Pakistan commands a formidable fleet of modern combat aircraft including JF-17 Thunder Block III, F-16 variants and the newly inducted J-10C fighters, backed by advanced munitions including long-range Air-to-Air missiles, hypersonic weapons and precision strike warheads. In the near future PAF is poised to operate multiple fifth-generation platforms including the indigenous stealth program, PFX, ushering in an era of doctrinal flexibility and stealth-enabled deterrence. Yet, numbers alone do not define dominance. PAF has invested heavily in Force Multipliers, specialized Electronic Warfare platforms, space and cyber capabilities binding Air, Ground, Naval and digital battle space into a unified Kill Chain. The integration of UAVs and UCAVs including MALE/HALE systems, loitering munitions and Manned-Unmanned teaming concepts has expanded the battlespace, enabling persistent ISR, standoff strikes and saturation of hostile defences. Through entities such as National Aerospace Science and Technology Parks, PAF has nurtured an ecosystem where radars, EW suites, AI systems, drones and avionics are conceived, tested and fielded on Pakistani soil. NASTP has shifted Pakistan from import dependency to innovation-driven autonomy, ensuring that sanctions, embargoes or shifting allegiances cannot derail the nation’s aerospace trajectory. The green of our flag now finds tangible expression in indigenous capability, while the white symbolizes a technologically inclusive Pakistan, ready to partner but determined to stand on its own feet. PAF’s operational maturity was visible in Operation Swift Retort, when enemy provocation was met with calibrated, precise aerial responses that restored deterrence without reckless escalation. The engagements signalled a Force that would impose heavy costs on the enemy, shape the narrative and remain professionally restrained in the face of provocation. The crucible, however, came in May 2025 when a numerically superior adversary launched its military campaign targeting innocent civilians, confident in the
supposed invincibility of platforms like Rafale and S400 Air Defence Systems, PAF faced not just aircraft, but a doctrine of coercion. What followed has been described by international analysts as one of the longest and most intense Beyond-Visual-Range air battles of the 21st century. Engaging through a fully integrated Kill Chain, PAF J-10C and JF-17 Block III fighters networked with AEW&C platforms and supported by ground and space-based sensors, established structured dominance over the battlespace, executing Kinetic Operations that resulted in the downing of 04 x Rafales, 01 x MiG-29, 01 x Mirage 2000, 01 x Su30MKI and a multi million dollar UAV, all without sustaining own losses. Simultaneously, the neutralization of critical components of the adversary’s S-400 system, particularly its fire-control radars, underscored the vulnerability of even advanced air defence networks when confronted with a coherent, indigenous operational architecture. The defining feature of the conflict, however, lay beyond attrition metrics, reflecting a mature application of Multi-Domain warfare in which Kinetic and Non-Kinetic effects were seamlessly synchronized across Land, Air, Space, Cyber and the Electromagnetic Spectrum. Through the integration of drones, Electronic Warfare, AI-enabled decision support, Network-Centric Command & Control and precision strike capabilities, PAF compressed the OODA loop, achieving decision superiority and imposing operational paralysis on the adversary. Secure, indigenous C2 systems enabled realtime data fusion and centralized orchestration, ensuring Disciplined, Lawful and Precise Application of Force, ultimately demonstrating that modern warfare is decided not by numerical strength alone but by the synergy of Cognition, Integration and Strategic Resolve. Perhaps most striking was PAF’s moral posture. Despite its ability to extend the conflict and inflict deeper damage, the PAF leadership chose calibrated responses, restoring deterrence, safeguarding sovereignty and then creating space for de-escalation. The balance between operational aggressiveness and strategic restraint is the hallmark of professional militaries and the foundation of Pakistan’s reputation as a responsible, stabilizing actor in South Asia. On every Independence Day, when the green and white flag rises against the August sky, it does so over a Pakistan that is still tested, still contested, but increasingly sure of its guardians. Under ACM Zaheer Ahmed Baber Sidhu, Pakistan Air Force has evolved into a technologically resurgent, doctrinally sophisticated and morally anchored force that has redefined airpower in the region. Quaid’s vision of an Air Force “Second to None” is no longer a distant aspiration; it is a lived reality reflected in indigenization drives like NASTP, in a diversified aircraft & UAV fleet, in integrated Kill Chains & compressed OODA loops and in the capacity to impose strategic paralysis on a numerically superior foe across Land, Air, Space, Cyber and the Electromagnetic Spectrum. As the nation renews its pledge to the ideals of Unity, Faith and Discipline, PAF stands as the sharp edge of that pledge, a Force that will not allow an inch of Pakistan to be violated, that will continue to innovate and adapt and that will remain, in spirit and in capability, Second to None.
Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, whose steadfast guidance and statesmanship led the nation toward the realization of its cherished ideal of freedom and the establishment of an independent Pakistan. The bonds between Iran and Pakistan transcend mere geographical proximity; the relations between the two countries are built upon the solid foundations of history, culture, religion, and deep people-to-people commonalities. Iran takes pride in being the first country to officially recognize Pakistan’s independence, and since then, the two nations have consistently stood side by side through times of hope and trial. The poetry
and thought of Allama Iqbal, which serve as the turning point of the literary and spiritual connection between the two peoples, bear living testimony to this unbreakable solidarity. Today, the Islamic Republic of Iran emphasizes the further development and consolidation of all-round relations with Pakistan, especially in the economic, trade, energy, border cooperation, and cultural exchange sectors. Strengthening borders of peace, boosting bilateral trade, and enhancing regional security remain shared strategic goals that bring sustainable benefits to the peoples of both nations. In my capacity as Consul General of the Islamic Republic of Iran, while paying tribute to the noble spirits of the martyrs of Pakistan’s independence movement, I pray to Almighty God for the continuous progress, pride, security, and prosperity of our friendly and brotherly country, Pakistan. Long Live Iran-Pakistan Friendship
From Strategic Success to Economic Prosperity: Pakistan’s Next Chapter
P
YASIN JOYIA, HONORARY CONSUL GENERAL OF SRI LANKA IN PUNJAB
AKISTAN has witnessed a remarkable period of diplomatic and strategic developments over the past three months. These achievements have enhanced the country’s standing in the international community and demonstrated Pakistan’s growing relevance in regional and global affairs. Pakistan’s diplomatic efforts toward reducing tensions and promoting dialogue in the Middle East have contributed to a broader international discourse on peace, stability and responsible diplomacy. Such initiatives have not only strengthened Pakistan’s image as a country committed to peace, but have also opened new opportunities for stronger diplomatic and economic engagement with the international community. A particularly significant development has been the Makkah Joint Defence Agreement involving Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and Türkiye. This landmark understanding represents an important step towards enhanced strategic cooperation, mutual security, collective responsibility and regional stability. At a time when the international community faces complex and evolving security challenges, closer cooperation among responsible states can play an important role in promoting peace, stability and prosperity. I extend my heartfelt congratulations to the Prime Minister of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, the Chief of Army Staff, the Director General of InterServices Intelligence (ISI), and the Director General Counter-Intelligence (C-ISI) on this important development. I commend the leadership of Pakistan for its role in this historic initiative and convey my best wishes for the continued strengthening of the bonds of friendship and cooperation among Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and Türkiye. While Pakistan’s recent diplomatic and strategic achievements are significant, the next and most important chapter must be economic advancement. Strategic importance and diplomatic influence must now be translated into tangible economic opportunities for the people of Pakistan. The country needs to capitalize on its strengthened relationships and growing regional importance by attracting investment, expanding trade, creating employment opportunities and developing sustainable economic partnerships. The country has tremendous potential in areas such as trade, investment, infrastructure, technology, tourism, agriculture, energy, manufacturing and human-resource development. Stronger relations with countries such as Saudi Arabia and Türkiye. The objective should not merely be to establish agreements and partnerships, but to ensure that these relationships deliver real economic benefits for ordinary Pakistanis. The current economic challenges require expertise, professionalism, continuity and effective implementation. A team of professionally qualified technocrats with proven records, practical experience and expertise in different fields of government and economic management can make a meaningful difference. Such professionals can help develop evidencebased policies, improve institutional efficiency, attract foreign investment, strengthen exports, facilitate busi-
nesses and introduce reforms capable of creating long-term economic stability. The principle should be simple: “The right person for the right job”. Putting competent and experienced professionals in the right positions can create a significant positive impact on economic development and strengthen the overall governance system. I believe that the people in command understand the importance of professional expertise and the valuable role that technocrats can play in achieving economic and social stability. Their expertise can be utilized with confidence to design and implement policies that move Pakistan toward sustainable growth. Pakistan now has an opportunity to transform its growing strategic importance into economic diplomacy. Our international partnerships should increasingly focus on promoting Pakistan’s economic development and strengthening its global economic integration. This includes attracting foreign direct investment into Pakistan, expanding bilateral and multilateral trade, increasing Pakistani exports, and developing access to new international markets. Greater emphasis should also be placed on promoting tourism and cultural exchanges, developing energy and infrastructure projects, and encouraging technology transfer, innovation, and digital development. At the same time, international cooperation should create greater employment and entrepreneurship opportunities, strengthen public-private partnerships, support small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and contribute to the development of human resources and professional skills. Pakistan should further work toward building stronger economic ties with the Gulf countries, Türkiye, Sri Lanka, and other friendly nations to create mutually beneficial partnerships and expand its economic opportunities globally. The country should use its improved diplomatic standing and strategic partnerships to create investment corridors, trade opportunities, business-to-business connections and joint ventures that can generate employment and improve the quality of life of our citizens. The next plan of action should therefore be the revival of economic prosperity for the people of our beloved country. Pakistan has demonstrated that it can play an important role in regional diplomacy, strategic cooperation and international affairs. The next challenge is to demonstrate the same determination in the economic arena. Our goal should be a Pakistan that is economically strong, socially stable, internationally respected and capable of providing meaningful opportunities to its young and talented population. The recent strategic developments should be viewed not as an end in themselves, but as an opportunity to build a stronger economic future. Pakistan stands at an important juncture. With competent leadership, professional technocrats, effective institutions, sound economic policies and strategic international partnerships, the country can move toward sustainable economic growth and stability. The time has come to turn strategic success into economic prosperity. May Pakistan continue to strengthen its friendships, expand its international partnerships and emerge as a peaceful, prosperous and economically resilient nation. Long Live Pakistan!
IV SUPPLEMENT
FROM INDEPENDENCE TO MARITIME SECURITY: THE ROLE OF PAKISTAN NAVY
S
SADAM YOUNAS
INCE its establishment in 1947 the Pakistan Navy has remained an integral pillar of the country's defence framework. Although comparatively smaller than some regional naval forces it has consistently evolved to meet emerging security challenges and technological developments. Drawing strength from its rich operational history the Pakistan Navy has cultivated a highly professional force capable of responding effectively to both conventional and non-conventional maritime threats. As Pakistan celebrates its 79th Independence Day, it is fitting to recognize the Pakistan Navy's unwavering commitment to protecting national sovereignty, strengthening regional maritime security and fostering international naval cooperation. Over the years, the Pakistan Navy has evolved into a modern, technologically advanced and combat-ready maritime force capable of responding effectively to both conventional and emerging maritime challenges. This transformation has been driven by the evolving regional security environment, strategic national requirements and sustained investment in advanced technologies, indigenous capabilities and human resource development. Today, the Pakistan Navy plays a pivotal role in defending the country's maritime frontiers, safeguarding sea lines of communication, protecting maritime trade, preserving Pakistan's territorial integrity and ensuring a secure maritime environment that supports national security, economic prosperity and regional stability. Modernization remains a cornerstone of the Pakistan Navy's development. The induction of advanced surface combatants, submarines and maritime patrol aircraft has significantly enhanced its operational capabilities. Equipped with modern weapon systems, precision-guided missiles and improved anti-subma-
rine warfare assets, the Pakistan Navy is better prepared to deter emerging threats and safeguard Pakistan's maritime frontiers. These advancements have strengthened its operational readiness and reinforced its ability to protect national maritime interests across the region. In pursuit of greater self-reliance Pakistan has also strengthened its indigenous shipbuilding capacity through Karachi Shipyard & Engineering Works (KSEW) while maintaining close defence collaboration with friendly countries. The induction of Type 054 A/P frigates from China, MILGEM-class corvettes from Türkiye, and Offshore Patrol Vessels (OPVs) from Romania has considerably reinforced the Pakistan Navy's fleet. At the same time indigenous achievements such as the construction of the Fleet Tanker PNS MOAWIN in collaboration with Türkiye, the modernization of Agosta 90B submarines and the ongoing development of eight Hangor-class submarines equipped with Air Independent Propulsion (AIP) technology in cooperation with China demonstrate Pakistan's growing capability in advanced naval engineering. These initiatives not only strengthen operational readiness but also promote technological innovation and reduce dependence on foreign suppliers. The Pakistan Navy's high level of combat preparedness is reflected in its regular participation in multinational naval exercises, bilateral engagements and international maritime security operations. Guided by Pakistan's policy of peaceful coexistence, the Pakistan Navy actively pursues naval diplomacy and contributes to global maritime stability. Its sustained participation in Combined Task Force (CTF) 150 since 2004 and CTF-151 since 2009 under the Combined Maritime Forces has earned international recognition. Such engagements enhance interoperability, strengthen professional expertise and improve coordination with partner navies in addressing common maritime challenges.
The rapidly evolving maritime security environment has also prompted the Pakistan Navy to significantly enhance its surveillance and reconnaissance capabilities. By integrating advanced intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance systems, the Pakistan Navy maintains continuous awareness of activities across Pakistan's maritime domain. Given the prevailing regional security environment particularly the challenges posed by strategic competition in the Indian Ocean Region the Pakistan Navy remains vigilant and fully prepared. Its integrated approach to surface, sub-surface and aerial operations enables swift and coordinated responses to a wide spectrum of conventional and asymmetric maritime threats. The Pakistan Navy remains a vital pillar of Pakistan's national defence and an essential component of the country's overall strategic deterrence. By developing and maintaining credible sea-based capabilities it has significantly strengthened Pakistan's deterrence posture while promoting regional peace, security and strategic stability. Through continuous modernization the induction of advanced platforms and the adoption of emerging technologies the Pakistan Navy has enhanced its operational readiness to address both conventional and nontraditional maritime challenges. Regular training, multinational exercises and close cooperation with friendly navies further improve its professional competence and interoperability. In addition to defending the country's maritime frontiers, the Pakistan Navy plays a crucial role in safeguarding sea lines of communication, protecting maritime trade, supporting humanitarian assistance and disaster relief operations and ensuring the security of Pakistan's blue economy. As the nation celebrates its 79th Independence Day, the Pakistan Navy stands fully prepared to meet future challenges, safeguard national sovereignty and contribute to lasting peace, stability and prosperity across the region.
Friday, 14 August, 2026 | LAHORE