ESC Guidelines
European Heart Journal doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehl002
y
Guidelines on the management of stable angina pectoris: full text{ The Task Force on the Management of Stable Angina Pectoris of the European Society of Cardiology Authors/Task Force Members, Kim Fox, Chairperson, London (UK)*, Maria Angeles Alonso Garcia, Madrid (Spain), Diego Ardissino, Parma (Italy), Pawel Buszman, Katowice (Poland), Paolo G. Camici, London (UK), Filippo Crea, Roma (Italy), Caroline Daly, London (UK), Guy De Backer, Ghent ´ Lopez-Sendon, Madrid (Spain), Jean Marco, (Belgium), Paul Hjemdahl, Stockholm (Sweden), Jose ˜o Morais, Leiria (Portugal), John Pepper, London (UK), Udo Sechtem, Toulouse (France), Joa Stuttgart (Germany), Maarten Simoons, Rotterdam (The Netherlands), Kristian Thygesen, Aarhus (Denmark) ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines (CPG), Silvia G. Priori (Chairperson) (Italy), Jean-Jacques Blanc (France), Andrzej Budaj (Poland), John Camm (UK), Veronica Dean (France), Jaap Deckers (The Netherlands), Kenneth Dickstein ˜o Morais (Portugal), Ady Osterspey (Norway), John Lekakis (Greece), Keith McGregor (France), Marco Metra (Italy), Joa ´ L. Zamorano (Spain) (Germany), Juan Tamargo (Spain), Jose ´ L. Zamorano (CPG Review Coordinator) (Spain), Felicita Andreotti (Italy), Harald Becher Document Reviewers, Jose (UK), Rainer Dietz (Germany), Alan Fraser (UK), Huon Gray (UK), Rosa Ana Hernandez Antolin (Spain), Kurt Huber (Austria), Dimitris T. Kremastinos (Greece), Attilio Maseri (Italy), Hans-Joachim Nesser (Austria), Tomasz Pasierski (Poland), Ulrich Sigwart (Switzerland), Marco Tubaro (Italy), Michael Weis (Germany)
Table of Contents Preamble . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Definition and pathophysiology . . . . . . . . . . . Epidemiology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Natural history and prognosis . . . . . . . . . . . . Diagnosis and assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Symptoms and signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Laboratory tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chest X-ray . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-invasive cardiac investigations . . . . . . Resting ECG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ECG stress testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stress testing in combination with imaging
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* Corresponding author. Chairperson: Kim Fox, Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, Sydney Street, London SW3 6NP, UK. Tel: þ44 207 351 8626; fax: þ44 207 351 8629. E-mail address:k.fox@rbh.nthames.nhs.uk
Echocardiography at rest . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ambulatory ECG monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-invasive techniques to assess coronary calcification and coronary anatomy . . . . . . . Invasive techniques to assess coronary anatomy . . Coronary arteriography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intravascular ultrasound . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Invasive assessment of functional severity of coronary lesions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Risk stratification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Risk stratification using clinical evaluation . . . Risk stratification using stress testing . . . . . . Risk stratification using ventricular function . . Risk stratification using coronary arteriography
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{ CME questions for this article are available at European Heart Journal online. ‡ This is the full text version of Eur Heart J doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehl001.
The content of these European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines has been published for personal and educational use only. No commercial use is authorized. No part of the ESC Guidelines may be translated or reproduced in any form without written permission from the ESC. Permission can be obtained upon submission of a written request to Oxford University Press, the publisher of the European Heart Journal and the party authorized to handle such permissions on behalf of the ESC. Disclaimer. The ESC Guidelines represent the views of the ESC and were arrived at after careful consideration of the available evidence at the time they were written. Health professionals are encouraged to take them fully into account when exercising their clinical judgement. The guidelines do not, however, override the individual responsibility of health professionals to make appropriate decisions in the circumstances of the individual patients, in consultation with that patient, and where appropriate and necessary the patient’s guardian or carer. It is also the health professional’s responsibility to verify the rules and regulations applicable to drugs and devices at the time of prescription.
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