Explore Big Sky - September 15th to October 1st

BIG SKY HOSTS 13TH RUT EVENT

CAN BIG SKY AFFORD A CANYON SEWER?

HORSES, MULE, GRIZZLY CUB KILLED ON U.S. 191 HOSTS SEWER?

HORSES, ON U.S.

FARMER'S ALMANAC GIVES WINTER SNOW PREDICTION

BUSINESS: HAMMOND PROPERTY MANAGEMENT SELLS

FROM THE PUBLISHER: A CALL TO END VIOLENCE MANAGEMENT

September 18 - October 1, 2025 Volume 16 // Issue 19

Owned and published in Big Sky, Montana

PUBLISHER

Eric Ladd | eric@theoutlawpartners.com

EDITORIAL

VP MEDIA

Mira Brody | mira@theoutlawpartners.com

SENIOR EDITOR

Jack Reaney | jack@theoutlawpartners.com

STAFF WRITER

Jen Clancey | jen@theoutlawpartners.com

LOCAL JOURNALIST

Leslie Kilgore | leslie@theoutlawpartners.com

DIGITAL MEDIA LEAD

Fischer Genau | fischer@theoutlawpartners.com

SOCIAL MEDIA COORDINATOR

Carli Johnson | carli@theoutlawpartners.com

CREATIVE

GRAPHIC DESIGNER

Radley Robertson | radley@theoutlawpartners.com

SALES AND OPERATIONS

CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER

Josh Timon | josh@theoutlawpartners.com

CHIEF MARKETING OFFICER

Megan Paulson | megan@theoutlawpartners.com

VP DESIGN & PRODUCTION

Hiller Higman | hiller@theoutlawpartners.com

DIRECTOR OF RELATIONSHIPS

Ersin Ozer | ersin@theoutlawpartners.com

MARKETING MANAGER

Tucker Harris | tucker@theoutlawpartners.com

CONTENT MARKETING LEAD

Taylor Owens | taylor.owens@theoutlawpartners.com

SENIOR ACCOUNTANT

Sara Sipe | sara@theoutlawpartners.com

BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT LEAD

Patrick Mahoney | patrick@theoutlawpartners.com

ACCOUNT COORDINATOR

Ellie Boeschenstein | ellie@theoutlawpartners.com

CONTRIBUTORS

Kaley Burns, Mario Carr, Mel Crichton, Rachel Hergett, Steve Olp, Jess Olson, Allie Epstein Poalino, Benjamin Alva Polley, Ted Williams

TABLE OF CONTENTS

FROM THE PUBLISHER: A CALL TO END VIOLENCE

In this Letter from the Publisher, EBS publisher Eric Ladd shares words on the recent gun violence that continues to impact communities both near and far. "This is not about red or blue—it is about red, white, and blue. It is about all of us, as Americans, recognizing that the safety of our children and the health of our communities are values that must transcend party lines," writes Ladd.

CAN BIG SKY AFFORD A CANYON SEWER?

A project to construct a sewer in the Gallatin Canyon portion of Big Sky would offer environmental benefits to the Gallatin River, while supporting Big Sky’s overall wastewater treatment infrastructure. But it’s expected to cost $50 million, and public funding sources are still being explored.

HORSES, MULE, GRIZZLY CUB, KILLED ON U.S. 191

A pair of vehicle-wildlife collisions left two horses, one mule and a female grizzly cub dead on the side of U.S. Highway 191 roughly 16 miles south of Big Sky early on Sept. 3.

FARMERS ALMANAC GIVES WINTER SNOW PREDICTION

While long-range winter forecasting is no sure thing, the Old Farmers Almanac believes in its time-honored process. EBS writer Mario Carr checked in with the publication ahead of last winter, and after a fairly accurate 2024-25 prediction, Carr returned for this year’s forecast.

BIG SKY HOSTS 13TH RUT EVENT

For the 13th year, runners from Big Sky, Bozeman, Missoula and far beyond came together in Big Sky facing tough challenges and celebrating mountain running. The event included repeat winners and countless standout performances.

The Rut Mountain Runs brought thousands of runners into the pain cave for the 13th

BUSINESS: HAMMOND PROPERTY MANAGEMENT SELLS

After 28 years of specialized property management services, Scott Hammond, owner and operations manager of Hammond Property Management, has sold the business to dedicated employee Mike Palmer. In an interview with EBS, both Hammond and Palmer expressed their pride in keeping the company locally owned and operated.

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

EDITORIAL POLICY

Outlaw Partners, LLC is the sole owner of Explore Big Sky. EBS reserves the right to edit all submitted material. Printed material reflects the opinion of the author and is not necessarily the opinion of Outlaw Partners or its editors. EBS will not publish anything discriminatory or in bad taste.

EBS welcomes obituaries written by family members or from funeral homes. To place an obituary, please submit 500 words or less to media@theoutlawpartners.com.

Letters to the editor allow EBS readers to express views and share how they would like to effect change. These are not Thank You notes. Letters should be 250 words or less, respectful, ethical, accurate, and proofread for grammar and content. We reserve the right to edit letters and will not publish individual grievances about specific businesses or letters that are abusive, malicious or potentially libelous. Include: full name, address, phone number and title. Submit to media@outlaw.partners.

ADVERTISING DEADLINE For the Oct. 1st issue: Sept. 26th , 2025 CORRECTIONS

Please report errors to media@outlaw.partners.

OUTLAW PARTNERS & EXPLORE BIG SKY P.O. Box 160250, Big Sky, MT 59716 (406) 995-2055 • media@theoutlawpartners.com ©2025 Explore Big Sky unauthorized reproduction prohibited

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BRIEFS

NEWS IN BRIEF

BIG HORNS PLAY TOUGH MATCHES AGAINST BILLINGS CENTRAL

EBS STAFF

On Sept. 13 afternoon, Big Horn soccer faced the Billing Central Catholic High School Rams at home. In two close matches, the Lone Peak boys lost 2-1 and the girls team tied 1-1.

As the wind picked up, the girls squad fought against the Rams—both teams holding their own until the final 20 minutes of the game. Off a through ball from the midfield, the Rams forward reached beyond the Big Horn defense, finishing with a left foot strike to the right side of the net. With 14 minutes remaining, the Big Horns answered.

As senior captain Harper Morris pressured the Rams keeper to clear a ball out of the box, senior captain Maddie Wilcynski was ready to pounce on the frantic rebound, surging past a Rams defender to put the ball in the back of the net. The score held at 1-1 for the remainder of the game.

The Rams boys entered Saturday’s game with a clean winning record, but the Big Horns were their closest competitor to date. The first half closed with Rams in the lead by one goal—a score that stayed the same until the final five minutes of the game.

After an opportunity at the Rams net, Billings junior Vincent Long dribbled past defenders to score the team’s second goal. With two minutes remaining, the Big Horns secured a corner kick, which flew across the six yard line as junior Sidney Trulen ran onto the ball, scoring off of a header. The match closed with a 2-1 result for the Rams.

BIG SKY OKTOBERFEST RETURNS

SEPT. 26-28. LOCAL RESIDENTS BRING MONTANA TWIST TO GERMAN TRADITION

EBS STAFF

Big Sky Oktoberfest will celebrate its third year at Big Sky Town Center, Sept. 26–28, bringing the tradition of Germany to the mountains, as well as bratwurst and beer. This year, the event proceeds will benefit the Big Sky Futbol Club and Big Sky Ski Education Foundation.

Founded in 2023 by local residents Larry and Dana Wikan, Big Sky Oktoberfest was inspired by the world-famous Bavarian event and designed with a Montana twist.

“We are excited to bring a slice of Munich’s Oktoberfest to Big Sky, offering a vibrant community event during a quieter time of the year,” says Larry Wikan, the event’s co-founder. “Our goal was to create something that not only celebrates German tradition but also brings our community together and supports local youth programs. Thanks to the incredible support from our sponsors and volunteers, Oktoberfest has quickly become a highlight of the fall season in Big Sky.”

The three-day festival offers something for everyone, including a bier garten, German cuisine including bratwurst, currywurst, Bavarian pretzels, games, live football on big screens, live music and a Lederhosen Fun Run. Admission is $10 for ages 16 and up, $25 for a three-day pass and kids under 16 are free. For tickets, registration and more details, visit bigskyoktoberfest.com/.

MDT ANNOUNCES PROJECTS TO PAVE MT 64, PATCH SECTIONS OF U.S. 191

EBS STAFF

The first four miles of Montana Highway 64 (Lone Mountain Trail), stretching from the Conoco station to Lone Mountain Ranch, will finally be paved.

MDT announced that milling and paving work will start Sunday, Sept. 21, with nighttime operations from 6 p.m. to 6 a.m. over the course of seven consecutive workdays, weather dependent.

“This project will involve removing the existing surface and applying new asphalt to improve roadway conditions, enhance safety, and extend pavement life,” MDT project manager Josh Ritchie wrote in an email to EBS. “All work will be completed at night to reduce impacts on daytime traffic. We will provide updates with more specific scheduling and traffic control information as it becomes available. Drivers should anticipate nighttime lane closures and reduced speeds during construction and are encouraged to plan accordingly.”

In addition, starting Monday, Sept. 22 and during daytime hours, MDT will conduct a roadway patching project on U.S. Highway 191 in the Gallatin Canyon between Bozeman and Big Sky.

MDT maintenance crews “will focus on repairing deteriorated pavement sections” north of Big Sky, according to Ritchie.

Work will be done from 8 a.m. to 3 p.m. on weekdays and is expected to be completed within two weeks. Traffic patterns will be adjusted with single-lane closures and reduced speeds, and drivers should plan for delays.

“This patching effort is intended to improve driving conditions and safety in the short term while preparing the corridor for a much larger and more permanent construction project, which is currently slated for bid in 2026,” Ritchie wrote, thanking citizens for their patience and understanding.

CONNECT. COLLABORATE. CREATE.

BIG SKY

Community Week

COMMUNITY WEEK IS BROUGHT TO YOU BY: 06 07 10

MONDAY, OCTOBER 6

8 - 9:30 am

Community Coffee · Social Impact Hub

Start the week with coffee, a light breakfast, and great conversation with community partners from the Social Impact Hub.

9:15 - 10:15 am

Workout-Barre · Big Sky Fitness Fusion

A low-impact full body workout. Advanced registration required.

10:30 - 11:30 am

Kids’ Story Time · BASE

Perfect for toddlers and preschoolers to build social connections and develop early literacy.

12 - 1 pm

Workout-Pilates · BASE

A low-impact core-focused workout for all abilities. Advanced registration required.

4 - 6 pm

Community Cocktails · Big Sky Center for the Arts

Fun filled, family-friendly happy hour with live music; one drink ticket per guest. Get creative with family arts & crafts from 4–5pm in the Artventure Tent.

TUESDAY, OCTOBER 7

7:30 - 8:30 am

Workout-Rise & Shine Yoga · Santosha Wellness Center

Develop strength, flexibility and focus for all levels. Advanced registration required.

10 - 11 am

Workout-Strength & Conditioning · Moving Mountains

Strength and conditioning to keep your heart rate up and muscles moving. Advanced registration required.

4 - 5 pm

Kids’ Art Class · Big Sky Center for the Arts

Kids ages 6-10 are invited to get creative with the Arts Council of Big Sky. Advanced registration required.

5 - 8 pm

State of the Community

Warren Miller Performing Arts Center

Join in the conversation with local leaders on key topics impacting our community.

Events with an “Open House” icon indicate you can drop in anytime during listed hours. Otherwise events start at the time shown.

08

WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 8

9 - 11 am

BSRAD/Joint County Commission Meeting

The Wilson Attend the bi-annual meeting of your locally elected officials from Big Sky Resort Area District (BSRAD), Gallatin County and Madison County.

3:30 - 4:30 pm

Workout-Strength & Conditioning · Moving Mountains Strength and conditioning to keep your heart rate up and muscles moving. Advanced registration required.

7 - 9 pm

Trivia · The Waypoint Test your knowledge when Community Week takes over trivia night.

09

THURSDAY, OCTOBER 9

8 - 9:30 am

Community Coffee · Marty Pavelich Ice Rink

Join Big Sky’s youth hockey community for a cup of coffee and light breakfast.

10 - 11 am

Workout-Seasonal Conditioning · BASE

A HIIT style class with a mix of strength and cardio. Advanced registration required.

12 - 2 pm

Pizza with a Purpose · Big Sky Chapel

Join the Coordinating Council of Big Sky (CCBS) to learn, ask questions, and voice your opinion about the work being done across our community to achieve Our Big Sky Vision.

4 - 6 pm

Community Appreciation Celebration · Len Hill Park

Come together with neighbors, friends and family to enjoy live music, food and fun activities for all ages.

FRIDAY, OCTOBER 10

8 - 9 am

Workout-Yoga Silks · Big Sky Fitness Fusion

Use a silk hammock to guide your body through yoga postures and take your practice to the next level. Advanced registration required.

9 - 10:15 am

Workout-All Levels Yoga · Santosha Wellness Center

All levels yoga class where you can nourish or challenge your body. Advanced registration required.

3 - 6 pm

The Great Pumpkin Giveaway · Len Hill Park

Make a donation of 10 cans, 10 lbs, or $10 (per pumpkin)

for our local food bank and search the “U-pick Pumpkin Patch” to pick out your prize pumpkin. SCAN

and to register for events.

OBITUARY

OBITUARY: ROBERT HYNSON

MAY 10, 1973 – SEPT. 8, 2025

Robert Clendening Hynson II, 52, of Big Sky, Montana, passed away on Sept. 8, at his home.

Robert was born in Laurel, Mississippi on May 10, 1973. Following his graduation from Laurel High School, he served for four years in the U.S. Marine Corps. He attended Brevard College, majoring in History and graduating Cum Laude. Pursuing a lifelong passion, Robert then graduated from the Culinary Institute of America in Hyde Park, New York.

Robert possessed a deep appreciation for the textures, colors, complexity of flavors, and the presentation of food. He could prepare a fabulous meal (and a fabulous mess while doing so). Watching him perform in the kitchen was witnessing an artist at work, someone who truly loved the culinary arts. Robert’s career eventually led him to Big Sky where he was a chef at the Yellowstone Club for the past 12 years.

Landing in Big Sky was no accident. At the age of four Robert was introduced to snow skiing and thus

began his love of the sport. He was an outstanding skier and one year traveled far and wide in order to spend 100 days skiing. He especially loved skiing with his daughter and was looking forward to his son beginning to ski this winter. The ultimate beach fan, he loved sitting on his beach chair under the shibumi with his feet buried in the sand and listening to his favorite band, Widespread Panic. He attended many of their concerts all over the United States and Mexico. Robert was also an avid reader and was thoughtful and generous to his many friends.

Robert is survived by his daughter, Madeline Davey Gardiner Hynson; son, Silas Snow Hynson; mother, Tinsley K. Easterling; step-father, William A. Easterling; the mother of his children, Anna Hynson; and many cousins and friends. He was pre-deceased by his father, Robert Gardiner Hynson.

A Celebration of Robert’s life will be held at a time and place to be determined.

Arrangements are in the care of Dokken-Nelson Funeral Service at www.dokkennelson.com

Experience: 28 years fly-fishing Montana Waters.

Favorite River: Upper Madison.

Favorite Species: Cutthroat. They are gorgeous, native and like dry flies.

Largest catch on the Fly: Taped 24 inch Brown Trout on a salmon fly, Upper Madison. There was also a bigger Cut-Bow from a lake that measured 25 inches.

Importance of Clean. Drain. Dry.: Professionals and non-profits work exceedingly hard to maintain the health of every water system in the state of Montana. We can undo all that in one careless instant. By cleaning our boats, waders, boots, and gear, we can prevent the spread of invasive species from one body of water to another. We have to do our part, particularly with so many more people coming to enjoy our rivers.

LETTER FROM THE PUBLISHER

A CALL TO END VIOLENCE FROM EVERGREEN TO EVERYWHERE

BY ERIC LADD PUBLISHER

Dear Friends,

This week, gun violence struck painfully close to home. Evergreen High School in Colorado—my alma mater, where my siblings and I made countless memories—became the latest in a growing list of schools scarred by shootings.

The sad irony of this tragedy is that many of you likely never even heard about it. National news was consumed by the shooting of Charlie Kirk—yet another prime example of the brimming violence in our society. A school shooting, once unthinkable, now struggles to break through the noise of America’s constant stream of violent headlines.

According to research by Everytown for Gun Safety, there have already been at least 91 incidents of gunfire on school grounds in 2025. These tragedies have left 31 people dead and 89 injured—numbers that should shake us to our core. Nationally, the picture is even more sobering: the United States has experienced 309 mass shootings so far this year, leaving more than 300 dead and over 1,300 injured.

As a new father, my perspective is sharper than ever. I imagine the parents who send their children to school with a quiet fear in their hearts, knowing that lockdown drills have become a routine part of childhood. I imagine the damage done to young minds that must practice surviving instead of simply learning. And I ask myself: Why does this keep happening, and what can we do?

Too often, our national debate stalls in arguments about guns, mental health and blame. But I believe we can start from one simple place of agreement: every rational American knows it is wrong for children to be shot in school. If that is our starting line, then why is the conversation so dysfunctional?

The gun debate, while absolutely important, cannot be where we place all our focus. As sad as it is, the path to resolution on that topic is proving nearly impossible. The reality is stark: America has more guns than people—over 120 firearms for every 100 residents. That deep attachment to guns means that arguing policy alone, without addressing the culture and values that drive violence, will never be enough. Should there be a much higher bar for someone to own a gun? Yes.

It should require mandatory safety certification, psychological evaluations, comprehensive background checks, waiting periods, insurance requirements, and ongoing renewals. Just as pilots must log training hours and doctors must recertify to protect public safety, gun ownership should demand continuous proof of responsibility. Just as important, every firearm must be stored securely, with access restricted from children and other unauthorized users. No responsible society should accept a world where a curious teenager or a troubled family member can easily access a deadly weapon in the home. Access to something designed to kill should never be casual.

If guns were removed, could people still find other ways to cause destruction? Yes.

Violence is not only about the tool; it is about the mindset and the conditions that push someone to harm others. A determined person can wield a knife, a bomb, or even a vehicle as a weapon. That is why the deeper question must remain front and center: why do we feel such a need to kill one another, and why has violence become so ordinary?

So what do we do in the meantime? After all, one more child lost to violence is not acceptable. We cannot afford to wait for perfect solutions or endless political battles. Right now, communities can take practical steps:

We can invest in secure schools—not just locked doors, but thoughtful building design, entry protocols, and well-trained safety staff. No school should ever be left underfunded or under-resourced when it comes to safety, and we cannot expect our teachers to double as bodyguards. Their job is to educate, not to shield students from bullets.

We can strengthen community policing and school resource partnerships. When done with transparency and trust, these relationships deter threats before they escalate.

We can support mental health services in schools. Counselors and early interventions are often the difference between a student in crisis getting help or becoming a headline.

We can encourage parents and peers to speak up. “See something, say something” is not a cliché; it has stopped attacks before.

These steps will not end the broader epidemic of violence, but they can save lives now while we work on deeper cultural and political solutions.

Real change doesn’t have to wait for Washington, though legislation has a role. It begins at the ground level: in our homes—how we raise the next generation, teaching empathy, compassion, and resilience; in our daily interactions—how we disagree, how we speak to one another, how we model respect even in conflict; and in our communities, by creating more role models,

investing in mentorship, and working together to breed civility back into neighborhoods.

And let me be clear: I will not accept the notion that violence is a partisan issue. This is not about red or blue—it is about red, white, and blue. It is about all of us, as Americans, recognizing that the safety of our children and the health of our communities are values that must transcend party lines.

What do I ask of our leaders? First, to lead with the assumption that none of them want children to be shot. Second, to rise above the toxic culture of contempt and model the civility our society desperately needs. And finally, to look past symptoms and dig into the root causes of violence itself.

But that is not enough. Leaders must come together, be role models for the country, and pass bold measures that directly address violence. This is a moment for true leaders to rise. Lobbyists must not be allowed to steer this conversation to protect an industry. This must be a collective conversation about the greater good of humanity. And those who choose not to act, who shrink from the responsibility of protecting our children and our communities, should not be welcomed back to office.

We are saturated by images of hate, fear and division. But I remain hopeful, because clarity of purpose can break through the noise. Let us unite around what is undeniably wrong, and begin the harder work of making it right.

With deep respect for the students, staff, and families of Evergreen High School, and to Charlie Kirk and his family, I close with this: when will we collectively agree that violence must stop, and instead turn our energy toward building momentum for a kinder and gentler nation?

With resolve,

Eric Ladd Publisher and CEO Outlaw Partners

LOCAL

BIG SKY LEADERS DISCUSS FINANCING DISTRICT TO MEET WATER AND SEWER NEEDS

GALLATIN CANYON, BIG SKY WATER AND SEWER DISTRICTS DISCUSS

A TEDD AND

TIF

FOR NEW

SEWER

PROJECT

BY JEN CLANCEY

BIG SKY—Big Sky is trying to find ways to cover the water and sewer needs of a growing population, while protecting the Gallatin River.

The project is going to be expensive. The plan is to build a wastewater collection system for properties between the Bighorn Center just north of the U.S. Highway 191 and Montana Highway 64 junction, to Buck’s T-4. Leaders are considering financing mechanisms that ease the burden on local governments—strategies that nearby Missoula and Broadwater counties have recently established.

Leaders from government districts in Big Sky—the Big Sky County Water and Sewer District, the Gallatin Canyon County Water and Sewer District and Big Sky Resort Area District—are discussing a targeted economic development district, or TEDD, model that pairs with tax increment financing, or TIF, to get a large and expensive—but environmentally critical—project underway. The districts want to secure funding for an estimated $50 million centralized water and sewer system that would connect properties from the Bighorn Center to Buck’s T-4, but ideally would stretch beyond that section to incorporate the Ramshorn subdivision and Big Sky School District.

The environmental purpose of the sewer, to reduce nutrient loading on the Gallatin River, is not in question. The trouble is sourcing the money, and getting people on board with funding solutions.

In an Aug. 19 joint committee meeting, BSCWSD and GCCWSD discussed hurdles like earning Gallatin County Commission approval of the TEDD and TIF financing tools vital to the project. Mace Mangold, vice president of infrastructure at planning and design firm WGM Group, noted that a coalition will need to communicate the urgency of the water and sewer needs in the area.

In the meeting, Mangold said educational priorities include showing that this is not just a problem for Big Sky. “Make sure they’re

understanding that this corridor’s not gonna solve itself, and [asking] why is it a completely Big Sky problem to solve that? … It needs to be a broader community effort than just [GCCWSD].”

While boundaries are still being drawn, the district would cover Big Sky developments like the controversial Quarry subdivision, connecting them all on a centralized water and sewer system and reducing reliance on septic treatment.

Septic systems run the risk of negatively impacting local waters like the Gallatin River, especially when they are poorly maintained or installed. By contrast, a sewer system would connect subdivisions and development on the same system, transporting wastewater to a centralized treatment facility like the $50 million plant just built in Big Sky.

Funding through TEDD and TIF could contribute $15 million to the project by using property taxes within the boundary’s new growth. These wouldn’t be new taxes for property owners within the TEDD boundary, instead the TIF would collect more tax revenue when changes to a land or building’s use result in an increase in property taxes. BSRAD has indicated it’s willing to contribute $20 million to help fund the project, and the remaining $30 million would come from state funds and other grants. The biggest hurdle right now is earning the Gallatin County Commission’s approval of the financing districts.

Making the case for river health

Stakeholders need to show how the economic development district fulfills a list of requirements by Montana law. The multi-pronged approach includes explaining how the district serves a diversified tenant base and fulfills a need for deficient infrastructure in the boundary. In the language of Montana law, leaders must demonstrate “the infrastructure improvement of the area is necessary for the welfare of the residents of the local government.”

One of the welfare pieces could be the protection of the impaired Gallatin River, and up until Aug. 20,

the project saw opposition from environmentalists concerned about the project’s role in enabling future development near the river, and its potential to disrupt the Gallatin’s ongoing impairment study. However, in an Aug. 20 BSCWSD board meeting, the tune changed. Guy Alsentzer, executive director of river protection nonprofit Upper Missouri Waterkeeper, expressed tentative support for the sewer project, in the district’s discussion regarding steps to secure a TEDD and TIF.

“Yeah, I think you have my tentative support in terms of having those conversations and figuring out what a joint proposal would be,” he said. “I’m certainly willing to twist some arms in the conservation community with a Bozeman focus.”

Alsentzer added, however, that the “necessary horse trading” would be the district telling the county to take a stricter stance on one-off development projects that can harm the Gallatin River. His environmental organization has been vocal in opposition of the Quarry project which received approval from Gallatin County on the grounds that it would eventually become part of the canyon sewer district—an assumption that has proven uncertain.

Alsentzer said all stakeholders agree that a canyon sewer project “will do no harm” to the Gallatin River. The key for Alsentzer is finding a way to reduce harm to natural resources and factor in the needs of Big Sky.

“We’re trying to fix both the sins of the father— which is to say we have existing development, we need to figure out meaningful, science-based solutions that are going to reduce the existing load of nutrients that we know are harmful,” Alsenzter said. He added that at the same time, solutions need to factor in flexibility to help Big Sky meet its other needs. “You gotta figure out a way to have the funding sources to do it so that you have the maximum flexibility and that comes down to treatment. High-level treatment that reduces ecological risk, reduces your legal and other liabilities.”

Alsentzer’s tentative participation could bolster the argument for a county-approved financing structure.

Without a TEDD and TIF, the infrastructure deficiency will likely remain for the foreseeable future. And despite “targeted economic development” being in the name of the funding structure, Kevin Germain, BSRAD board member, assured that the TEDD would meet the need of reliable and sustainable water services at the joint meeting in August.

“This isn’t about economic development. This is infrastructure efficiency,” Germain said.

Jack Reaney contributed reporting for this story.

ASPECTS BIG SKY

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HORSES, MULE, GRIZZLY CUB KILLED BY VEHICLES SOUTH OF BIG SKY

BY JACK REANEY

GALLATIN GATEWAY—An unfortunate pair of vehicle-wildlife collisions left two horses, one mule and a female grizzly cub dead on the side of U.S. Highway 191 roughly 16 miles south of Big Sky early Wednesday morning.

Sometime after midnight on Wednesday, Sept. 3, the horses and mule were struck by a Ford pickup truck towing a trailer between Taylor Fork Road and Snowflake Springs, near the Yellowstone National Park border.

“We know that those three animals—the two horses and the mule—were killed in the same

incident, and when you think about that, it’s pretty significant… I would imagine that vehicle is pretty banged up,” said Morgan Jacobsen, Region 3 communication and education program manager for Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks, in a phone call with EBS Thursday. According to a Montana Department of Transportation representative, the truck is believed to be totaled.

The origin of the horses and mule remain unknown, although sources suggest they may have belonged to the U.S. Forest Service and broke loose after being spooked in the backcountry. They were not branded, according to a representative of Montana Highway Patrol. The incident remains under MHP investigation.

In the early morning darkness some time after the first collision, a family of grizzly bears discovered the carnage and began feeding, which eventually led to a young cub being struck by a second vehicle.

This incident comes on the heels of a grizzly killed in Big Sky by a vehicle on Ousel Falls Road, and is the third vehicle-killed grizzly between Big Sky and West Yellowstone since Aug. 4.

“There was a family group of grizzly bears—we don’t know how many—that came to that site where the horses and the mule were hit, and then a female cub of the year was struck by a vehicle and then killed onsite,” Jacobsen said.

He explained the likelihood that the cub was accompanied at least by an adult female.

BSOA ANNOUNCES BOARD ELECTION RESULTS

BIG SKY—On Wednesday, Sept. 3, the Big Sky Owners Association announced the results of its annual board of directors election.

Ernie Chappell and Michelle Horning were reelected to continue their roles as existing board members. New to the board are Joe Swiatek and Sarah Turner-Malhotra.

For the separate Big Sky Architectural Committee, voters elected Gina Dee to the vacant seat.

New board members will commence their threeyear terms in October, joining board chair Maggie Good, and board members Kenny Holtz, Les Hopper, Vanessa McGuire and Barbara Rowley.

Dee will serve alongside elected BSAC representatives Dave McCaffery and John Seelye.

In the release, BSOA thanked all candidates for participating and community members for voting.

“The organization particularly thanks outgoing board member George Mueller for his three years of dedicated service, including his leadership as

“Grizzly bears, those cubs usually stick with their moms for two-and-a-half years… This cub was born early this year.”

The cub was killed immediately by the vehicle, Jacobsen noted. It was found in a roadside ditch with a crushed skull when FWP responded later Wednesday morning. By then, the rest of the grizzly bear family was gone with no sightings since, as of Thursday mid-day.

FWP recovered the cub carcass, and officials with the Montana Department of Transportation and Department of Livestock, as well as local ranchers, worked to clean the horse and mule carcasses while controlling highway traffic, according to Jacobsen. He discussed the importance of driving carefully at night.

“Highway 191 and highways around the state are areas where wildlife can be found, and especially driving at night it’s important to watch your speed and be aware that wildlife will be on—or in proximity to—the roads and highways that we use,” Jacobsen said, noting the risk to both humans and animals. “Use caution.”

According to MHP, a Toyota SUV swerved to avoid the animal debris and ended up in the Gallatin River. Officials from MHP and MDT were unsure whether this single-vehicle accident was connected to the collision with the grizzly cub. MHP did not disclose the condition of passengers in the Ford truck or the Toyota SUV.

former board chair and current Legal Committee chair, and outgoing BSAC representative Cindy Miller for her committed service in architectural oversight and preserving Big Sky’s distinctive community character,” the release stated.

On Friday, Aug. 29, BSOA held its 53rd annual meeting at The Wilson, covering a variety of topics including a Big Sky Resort update and an introduction to Executive Director Holly Coltea. With new board members, the organization looks forward to continued growth as it represents hundreds of Big Sky residents.

BIG SKY WINTER 2025-26 FORECAST: HOW GOOD

IS AN 'AVERAGE' WINTER? OPENING DAY MAY BE TWO MONTHS AWAY, BUT THAT CAN’T STOP US FROM DAYDREAMING ABOUT ARCING TURNS DOWN LONE MOUNTAIN. LOCAL

BY MARIO CARR EBS CONTRIBUTOR

Signs of changing seasons are here and skiers are counting down the days until lifts start spinning. A classic skiers’ pastime of early fall is to look ahead at long-range forecasts, despite how relatively imprecise they tend to be.

The Old Farmer’s Almanac has released its prediction for the 2025-26 winter season, and Big Sky falls in a region labeled “MILD WET”, compared to last year’s map which depicted our area as “MILD DRY.” It’s important to remember that “MILD” and “DRY” are both relative terms, and this prediction last year was coupled with “heavier snowfall in the Rockies,” a prediction that delivered, thankfully. It’s still uncertain whether or not this winter will be an El Niño or a La Niña, although the National Weather Service Climate Prediction Center suggests we can expect a brief period of La Niña conditions—which tend to favor Big Sky and its regional neighbors—as we saw last winter.

However, when attempting to predict the future, all one can really do is analyze trends from the past.

“So first of all, everything that we predict, we kind of base it on comparisons to historical averages… We look at 30-year averages of what the weather has been,” Old Farmer’s Almanac editor Joe Bills explained during an interview with EBS.

Bills also added that for an area like Big Sky, a “mild” forecast may actually weigh in favor of powder-hungry skiers.

“If your winter is a few degrees warmer, that means there’s more moisture in the air—it may not mean that you get more snowstorms, but when you do get snowstorms they’ll be a little bit more intense,” Bills said. Plus, Lone Mountain’s high-alpine terrain located north of the 45th parallel can help keep things consistently cold, even during warmer-thanaverage winters for the rest of the Rockies.

The Lone Mountain SNOTEL provides over 30

years of data. Last year’s “MILD DRY” Almanac prediction resulted in a snow-water equivalent at the Lone Mountain SNOTEL that was roughly 90% of the average for the first half of the season, and roughly 10% above average for the second half of the season.

The weather station recorded a two-foot increase in snow depth in the month of February, and an increase in SWE of 4.3 inches. The shortest month of the year brought last year’s snowpack up to speed, and transformed a lot of good skiing into great skiing for the tail end of the season, despite the SNOTEL recording a decaying base depth through all of April.

Spring powder skiing could be in the cards for 2026.

“One of the notable aspects this year is that, according to what we’re seeing, it looks like winter may go out with a bang for you guys,” Bills said. “As we move sort of out of March and into April, it’s looking like there’s gonna be a pretty good final wallop of snow coming somewhere in that window.” When compared with the exceptionally dry 202324 ski season—which saw less than half the average SWE during the first half of the season, setting at least a 33-year record, and a full-season peak of only 78% SWE—the mostly average 2024-25 ski season felt incredible. But how much better could it really get?

Across the 34 ski seasons on record at the Lone Mountain SNOTEL, the SWE typically reaches its peak in late April or early May, and the average peak SWE over the last 34 seasons has been 22.2 inches. Eleven seasons have been classified as “poor” with SWE peaking below 19 inches; eight have been “exceptional,” including 2022-23, with SWE peaking above 26 inches.

When it comes to predicting the 2025-26 season, only time will tell. One thing is certain, however: last year’s “average” snowpack—peaking at 22.8 inches—produced a lot of awesome skiing. But if the Old Farmer’s Almanac’s forecast is as accurate as last year, and the coming winter brings slightly more moisture and more spring-skiing pow days, we could be in for a great season.

POTENTIAL

FEE FOR BIG SKY HOTEL ROOMS,

SHORT-TERM RENTALS COULD FUND TOURISM, EVENTS

BY JACK REANEY

BIG SKY—A potential new fee could collect a few dollars per night from guests of Big Sky hotels and short-term rentals, totaling roughly $2 million per year for direct reinvestment into tourism promotion, events and other business developments.

Visit Big Sky is leading the effort to create a tourism business improvement district, or TBID, and applied for the maximum $25,000 available from the Resort Tax microgrant program to support the costs of creating a TBID. The Big Sky Resort Area District board approved the microgrant on Wednesday, Sept. 10.

If the TBID is successfully created, it would collect an assessment of roughly $3 or $4 per night from visitors, according to Brad Niva, CEO of Visit Big Sky and the Big Sky Chamber of Commerce. He reported “verbal support” from all of Big Sky’s hotels, and Big Sky Resort.

“It’s a pretty common funding model for tourism communities around the state,” Niva said in his presentation to the BSRAD board. “Currently, to date, there’s 20 TBIDs across the state of Montana. Big Sky does not have one—we think it’s something valuable to add to our toolkit with regards to funding tourism, events, offseason promotion, things like that.”

Niva explained that state law allows Big Sky to create the first TBID of its kind in Montana: one that collects an assessment from not only hotels, but also short-term rentals such as Airbnb and VRBO, of which Big Sky has roughly 1,500.

“This process has been going on for three years

behind the scenes,” Niva said, noting that legal fees have been “heavy” with roughly $30,000 spent on setting up the TBID.

He said it’s legally allowed for Visit Big Sky to repay its $25,000 grant to Resort Tax once the TBID collects enough funds—in approving the grant, the board stipulated that Visit Big Sky must reimburse within 12 months of district’s creation.

Daniel Bierschwale, BSRAD executive director, spoke clearly in favor of that option.

With more wind in its sails from the Resort Tax microgrant, Niva estimated the TBID could be up and running by summer 2026.

A tune-up for Big Sky’s economic engine

Niva told EBS that Big Sky’s destination marketing is underfunded compared to peers: Sun Valley, Idaho has a budget of $3.2 million per year to attract visitors; Jackson Hole, Wyoming spends $6.7 million; Park City spends $9 million; and Big Sky has only $1.8 million to work with, he explained.

The TBID collections could add roughly $2 million per year, he estimated.

Potential applications of TBID funding include: event costs like transportation, security and space rental; community beautification; partnerships with airlines to attract and promote direct flights to Bozeman; and investments to attract and create events—particularly offseason events to sustain a year-round economy, as Niva noted Big Sky hotel occupancy drops to roughly 30% during those periods. Furthermore, in Bozeman, a TBID provided $1 million for a warming shelter to accommodate unhoused people as the city changed

its urban camping policy, highlighting the flexibility of funds.

The TBID would be governed by two boards of directors, one comprised of short-term rental operators and another with hoteliers.

Thad Beaty, who manages arts and culture for Lone Mountain Land Company, voiced his support for the TBID after the meeting in a discussion with EBS.

“I see the TBID as a pretty tremendous next step for us,” Beatty said. “As we’re looking at maintaining a beautiful place for locals and also finding ways to make sure that this economy, our local economy, is thriving year-round.”

The opportunity is exciting to Beatty, whose dream and vision is to enhance Big Sky’s vibrance, especially nighttime attractions to complement the area’s well-established and attractive outdoor experiences.

“For us to make these events happen, infrastructure is just critical,” he said, referring to cost-prohibitive amenities like tents and public restrooms. “... A TBID puts us in a position to [use] a fund, a block of money that can help us tell our story nationally, and support some of these... opportunities that we have and want to initiate.”

TBID revenue would allow Visit Big Sky to reduce its annual funding request to Resort Tax, allowing BSRAD to focus on funding vital nonprofits, initiatives, and government services.

“Overall, it drives a new level of economic impact and economic growth that we’ve been lacking in, or is still under development,” Beatty said.

HOUSING TRUST SEEKS PUBLIC INPUT TO INFORM COLD SMOKE PLANS

BY JACK REANEY

BIG SKY—The Big Sky Community Housing Trust has issued a community housing survey to learn more about residents’ needs and preferences, income levels and other factors that will help with development of the future Cold Smoke workforce housing neighborhood.

The online survey takes roughly five minutes to complete, according to BSCHT Program Manager Becky Brockie, and currently has 352 responses with a goal of at least 500. Responses will be accepted until Sept. 19.

“We are definitely interested in the data to help us choose amenities at Cold Smoke, for example,” Brockie told EBS in a phone call. She explained that the survey will help BSCHT determine areas to cut costs with the goal of ensuring affordability of the for-sale units—if residents express indifference toward factors like fencing, square footage or yard space, for example, design plans could skip those certain factors to reduce costs.

Another key goal for the survey is to gauge income level to determine a more precise

level of affordability that Cold Smoke homes need to achieve. Previous data comes from the 2023 housing needs assessment, but the local workforce—and construction landscape, due to rising costs and unpredictable tariff impacts—has changed since the survey.

With accurate information, BSCHT can make “thoughtful, community-driven choices,” Brockie wrote in an email.

BSCHT is also interested in buyer profiles, with factors such as the typical household size of Big Sky residents who might move into the neighborhood.

Roughly 225 community members are on the single-family home purchase waitlist, with roughly 400 on the rental interest list.

“We do believe [demand for Cold Smoke] is there but the survey will help us validate that,” Brockie said.

The community can learn more about Cold Smoke by visiting the BSCHT website, which includes a rough timeline for the project. The housing trust will share more information and detailed plans in the coming months.

SPORTS

IN 13TH YEAR, RUT FULFILLS END-OFSUMMER GOALS

THOUSANDS OF RUNNERS SEEK PAIN, GLORY IN ANNUAL RUNNING TRADITION

BY JACK REANEY

BIG SKY—It’s easy comedy for blistered and cramping runners to quip, “why did I pay for this,” but there’s clearly something attractive about committing in January for a long, steep and exhausting mountain run in September. It’s why thousands sign up for the Rut Mountain Runs every year, with races selling out in a matter of minutes or hours.

Participation numbers explain the buzz surrounding Big Sky Resort’s base area Friday through Sunday, Sept. 12 to 14.

According to official event results, 523 runners finished the 50-kilometer race; 629 conquered the 28K; 626 conquered the 21K; 309 conquered the vertical kilometer or “VK”; and 891 conquered the 11K. Of course, there’s a few dozen overlapping names from those who finished two events, and this year, 57 completed the “Trifecta,” a three-day slog combining VK, 28K and 50K.

Miles of pain and fatigue notwithstanding— although as I write 48 hours after completing the 28K, knee soreness is certainly withstanding—the annual event provides a goal for its participants. Something to train for all summer, prepare for in early September, and execute with the support of family, friends, and dozens of volunteers who share salty and sweet snacks, water and electrolytes, and encouragement along the course.

Mike Foote, race director, could be seen smiling around the start and finish line, communicating via radio across the many miles of trail to ensure a smooth event, congratulating finishers, and yet still pausing a few minutes to get a free mullet on Sunday at The Mountain Project tent.

“It’s truly turning into a big three days with the 21K growing—that’s been a great addition to the

roster over the last few years… It just feels like a true, large three-day festival,” Foote told EBS on Sunday afternoon after holding out the finish line ribbon for 50K champions.

One of those winners, North Face athlete Erika Flowers of Bozeman, exuded nonchalance about her second Rut 50K victory. She entered lastminute on Saturday night to the Sunday morning event put on by her brand reps and teammates.

“I wanted to go on a long run today, and I figured this was the best way to do it,” Flowers said, adding that she enjoyed some of the changes made to the course since she last ran it in 2019. “‘Cause otherwise, I was going to be babysitting this morning,”

After finishing, she sat and caressed her 10-month-

old son, Olsson—her first child and finish line motivation for her six-hour, 30-minute race.

“It’s the best thing in the world,” she said. “It’s what I think about the whole race—run faster, so I can hang out with this guy.”

Aside from going two-for-two on 50K victories, she’s also enjoyed the 28K and VK races in prior years at one of the events nearest to home.

“The energy this weekend is always amazing, like, you can’t beat it,” Flowers said.

Foote doubts the event will add any more distances now that the 21K is fully established in its third year, but he’s eyeing an opportunity to bring another event to Big Sky earlier in the summer.

“That’s something that we’re scheming on—very much to-be-determined,” Foote said.

Otherwise, the Rut will continue pursuing opportunities to improve its traditional event.

While runners’ performances were impressive as always, Foote said he continues to be inspired most by the actions of volunteers who step up to help the runners, sometimes “bringing them back to life” with nutrition to support their trek.

“It all works when we all come together in, like, the shared goal of making this thing happen,” he said. “People just step up. They come out of the woodwork, they help out where they find they need to, and it’s a wonderful thing.”

He paused and laughed, as event announcer Nico Composto joked about taking a moment of silence for a 50K finisher’s quads.

“We just really appreciate that we are able to put this thing on, I mean it’s so fun. We work on it year-round, and we get to celebrate it with thousands of people every year,” Foote said. “Just a lot of gratitude.”

RAISING THE BAR

THE MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOBCAT CLUB HOSTS ANNUAL BLUE AND GOLD GALA AND AUCTION, SUPPORTING MORE THAN 350 STUDENT-ATHLETES THROUGH SCHOLARSHIPS

BY LESLIE KILGORE

Editor's note: This article is part of a partnership with Montana State University.

BOZEMAN—For Montana State University’s student-athletes, scholarships aren’t just about tuition or textbooks; they’re often the bridge that makes dreams possible for those committed to the life of an elite college athlete.

Behind every one of those scholarships stands the Bobcat Club, the primary funding source for athletic scholarships at MSU.

Each year, the Bobcat Club’s annual scholarship fund covers the essentials for MSU’s athletes who are recruited from around the country for many of the university’s highly successful collegiate teams. Tuition, room and board, books, medical care, academic advising, team travel and equipment are some of the aspects of a student-athlete’s life that are supported through Bobcat Club funds.

“It is the engine that allows us to recruit top talent and provide them with the resources they need,” said MSU Athletic Director Leon Costello. “It’s a full-circle investment in the lives of student-athletes by supporting them as students, competitors and future leaders.”

Events like the Blue and Gold Gala have become hallmarks of this effort, uniting alumni, fans and community members who support the importance of keeping Bobcat scholarships strong.

“In one night, the Blue and Gold Gala generates the equivalent of 16 full, in-state scholarships,” Costello explained.

This year’s Blue and Gold Gala and auction, which takes place on Oct. 10 at the Brick Breeden Fieldhouse, will again bring excitement to the university’s large fan base and community of supporters. Organizers expect another sold-out crowd, and anticipation is building for an evening that blends celebration, school pride and a direct impact for student-athletes.

“Every year, the gala grows bigger and more important for our financial goals,” Costello said. “It’s an opportunity to gather with Bobcat fans and supporters during a home football weekend in an effort to support all student-athletes at MSU. It’s a night full of celebration and camaraderie that generates resources to support the development and careers of Bobcat athletes and programs.”

While the introduction of Name, Image and Likeness (NIL) policies in 2021 shifted the national conversation around college sports, allowing athletes to earn money from endorsements, social media, event appearances and personal businesses, for MSU athletes, scholarships remain the foundation.

“Scholarships are still the backbone of college athletics,” Costello said. “NIL is a separate opportunity for athletes to earn income, but it doesn’t cover tuition, room, board and the critical services that scholarships provide. That’s where the Bobcat Club remains essential.”

While a few high-profile athletes may benefit financially from NIL deals, most student-athletes do not earn significant income through these opportunities. Scholarships, however, still provide equity and stability across every sport, which is

why events such as the Blue and Gold Gala are so important to the Bobcat Club’s overall success.

“My favorite memories of the gala are seeing our student-athletes interacting and engaging with our supporters,” Costello said. “It gives our donors the real reason why we do this and hopefully why they continue to support our athletes. There is nothing like an in-person conversation and interaction, and I believe we have the best studentathletes anywhere.”

In an era where larger markets may entice recruits with NIL opportunities, MSU leans on what makes it special—its unique location in the Gallatin Valley and the community in which it stands.

However, Costello added that MSU still needs to support the athletes as they have always done, while being aggressive with new ways in which they are now allowed to support athletes.

“The expectations are high at MSU, and if we want to enjoy the success we have experienced recently, we need to be leaders in this area,”

Costello said. “When a recruit sees the level of investment our fans make through the Bobcat Club, it speaks volumes about what it means to be part of Bobcat athletics.”

This consistency ensures every Bobcat athlete, from football to track, basketball to skiing, has the same baseline support to succeed. For Costello, the future of Bobcat Athletics depends on the continued passion of alumni, donors and fans who believe in the program.

“The Bobcat Club is an important part of the heartbeat of our athletic program. It’s what allows us to change lives,” Costello said. “We give young men and women the chance to pursue their education, compete at the highest level in athletics and represent MSU with pride.”

For more information on the Bobcat Club’s upcoming Blue and Gold Gala and auction, and to find out more on how the Bobcat Club supports all MSU athletes, visit msubobcatclub.com

BIG HORN VOLLEYBALL BEGINS UNCONVENTIONAL SEASON

BY FISCHER GENAU

BIG SKY—The Lone Peak High School volleyball team played their first home game of the year on Thursday, Sept. 4, losing to a tough Jefferson High School squad in consecutive sets to open an unconventional season.

The Big Horns are only competing at the junior varsity level this year due to a small and very young team, and both the coach and players are seeing it as an opportunity to grow together and develop their skills. Of the eight girls that went out for the team, only one, Avery Graham, is a senior. The team has no juniors, and two sophomores, four freshmen, and an eighth grader round out the squad. Coach Steven Reid said that the players, with input from the parents and athletic director John Hannahs, decided to compete as junior varsity rather than varsity to play in more competitive matches.

“The main goal for this year is to get as many touches as possible,” Reid told EBS. “It’s better for development if we’re playing more competitive games and we’re playing people our age.”

Competition against the Panthers on Thursday was fierce. The Jefferson girls were tall and hit the ball hard, and Big Horn libero Annie Coltea was busy all night trying to withstand their onslaught of jump serves and spikes.

“They understood coming in that this is a tough team,” Reid said. “It was going to be a battle, and they understood that every point they got they would have to work for.”

Points were hard-won against the Panthers, and Jefferson won the first set 25-9 and the second 25-6. The Big Horns rallied in the third, winning several long, competitive volleys, and they trailed by only four halfway through the set before eventually falling 25-12.

No matter the score, whenever the Big Horns earned a point, they erupted in cheers and congratulated their teammates.

“We’re all really closely knit,” Kate O’Connor, a sophomore and team captain, told EBS after the game.

O’Connor said many of them have known each other for a long time and their connection helps them on the court.

“I’m really excited to see the improvement in these girls,” O’Connor said. “We have a young team and a pretty inexperienced one, but I just want to see where we go.”

Reid has also known some of the players for a long time, and he’s looking forward to watching them grow this season. This is his first season as the volleyball head coach, though he served as assistant coach last year and works for the Big Sky Community Organization as their recreation coordinator, a role that includes recreational volleyball.

“I’ve known some of these girls since I moved here…and I’m just excited to be part of their growth and development,” Reid said. “The fact that most of them are gonna be here for another two to three years and their chemistry is so good already says a lot for the future.”

FIELD GOAL LIFTS ENNIS TO NAIL-BITING VICTORY OVER LONE PEAK

O’CONNOR ENJOYS BREAKOUT SUCCESS WITH THREE TDS IN RIVALRY MATCHUP;

BIG HORNS FALL TO 1-2 AFTER SUBSEQUENT LOSS TO DRUMMOND

BY JACK REANEY

ENNIS—The very last play offered a telling summary of Friday night’s rivalry game between Lone Peak High School and Ennis High School, when Big Horn senior and four-year varsity standout Ebe Grabow nearly shocked a couple hundred Mustangs on their home turf.

The Mustang kicker avoided Grabow all night to mitigate his explosive ball carrying ability, and after snatching a 37-34 lead on a thrilling field goal, he again kicked the ball away from Grabow as the final four seconds ticked off the clock.

But senior Will Helms received the kick and intentionally fumbled the ball back to Grabow, giving No. 7 a chance for a heroic moment.

He nearly got it, too, cutting back in the face of five Mustangs and sprinting 35 yards down the opposite sideline before being tackled from behind—quite possibly the last remaining defender who stood a chance to stop Grabow as he began cutting back toward the open field and a game-winning score.

“I thought I had it, and then I looked up and there was a guy there and cut back into him… didn’t end up going my way,” Grabow said after the game, smiling and apparently satisfied with his team’s unrelenting effort against the squad that beat Lone Peak 55-26 last season. “The environment was really fun, everyone was loud… Rivalry games— we’re just coming across the valley—it’s always fun, but wish we could have pulled it out.”

Grabow’s athleticism has made him a natural team leader for years. Now a senior, he said it’s rewarding to work with Lone Peak’s rising young talent, like freshman Jens Biggerstaff who caught passes, lined up at quarterback and nabbed an interception to help the Big Horns overcome a 28-14 deficit in the third quarter.

Head coach Dustin Shipman said Friday’s “up and down, and up and down” experience was a great example of eight-man, big-play football. Sometimes you win and sometimes you lose, he said, but that’s why you play the game.

“I can’t be prouder of the guys. They played 110% of the game, 110% of the plays with 110% of the effort. I mean, they did exactly what we wanted

them to do,” Shipman said, adding that only 15 Big Horns suited up for the game against an Ennis team with two dozen players.

“Our program has come a long way… The guys left everything out there.”

One player exemplifies that progress: junior Lucas O’Connor is enjoying a massive breakout compared to his smaller roles in prior seasons, held back by injury.

‘Just trying to prove myself’

A wide receiver, O’Connor tortured the Mustang secondary, hauling in three touchdowns and eventually drawing double coverage.

O’Connor said the whole program has been working hard since January. As for his own breakout, he said injuries dragged down his freshman and sophomore seasons, and he feels gratified to reap the rewards of rehab and training.

“I’ve been putting the work in trying my hardest at practice and everything. Just trying to prove myself, and I’m glad I have the chance to,” O’Connor said.

Coach Shipman spoke excitedly about the junior’s work ethic.

“Lucas has been playing phenomenal, and that’s a testament to the hard work Lucas has put in since January. I can’t be more proud of the kid— he worked hard in the offseason, he works hard at practice, and it’s starting to pay off for him,” Shipman said.

In past seasons, O’Connor admired the deep routes run by Grabow—who took on a primary quarterback role Friday but previously spent more of his time at wide receiver—and O’Connor said he’s been trying to emulate the play-making senior. He said it’s fun catching passes from Grabow, a guy he’s known most of his life and a teammate since middle school.

“And he’s obviously an athlete, so he’s good to step up to the [quarterback] position even with minimal experience,” O’Connor said.

The feeling is mutual. Ebe enjoys hurling the ball toward a six-foot-two, sure-handed target.

“He runs good routes, runs crisp routes, he knows the plays,” Grabow said. “He’s a reliable guy for sure.”

It was a hard-fought loss, but Grabow looks forward to competing in hopes of better outcomes.

Ennis quarterback Brandon Foss, a junior, was an elusive presence in the Mustang’s victory. Foss passed for one touchdown and rushed for three, including a 65-yard score on the Mustangs’ first play of the second half.

Shipman said the team will need to eliminate mistakes and missed assignments to be successful as the season continues.

Other Lone Peak contributors were senior Will Helms, who came up with a key fourth-down sack in the fourth quarter and led the Big Horns’ rushing attack. Senior Aeneas Espinosa locked

down his role at cornerback, including an allout effort to thwart a big play before halftime.

O’Connor said the defense was “great” after coaches made it a focus in practice.

“It was rough, we definitely tried our hardest,” O’Connor said, noting that the team has struggled with slow starts in the past. “We definitely s tepped it up and came out strong… It’s just rough, we haven’t won against Ennis [since 2021], and this was a damn close one, especially compared to last year.”

Big Horns fall to Flint Creek Titans

After the Ennis loss, the Big Horns carried a 1-1 record into their first home game on Friday, Sept. 12 against the Flint Creek Co-op (DrummondGranite) Titans.

The Titans ran away with a 50-6 victory, despite growing chemistry between Biggerstaff and Grabow, and tackles by junior Thomas Trulen.

Coach Shipman saw some shining moments from the Big Horns in the lopsided loss.

“I think there were lots of highlight moments. I mean, you have Ebe Grabow demonstrating what a great athlete he is, Jens Biggerstaff comes in as a freshman quarterback against a team that I think is ranked top 10 in the state right now, shows a lot of poise,” Shipman said.

In moments like this, Shipman reminds players that it’s a long season ahead, and it’s up to the whole squad to get back to improving their play to come out on the other side with a win.

“I’m looking forward to the rest of the season as I always am. It’ll be nice to get some of the guys we’ve got banged up, get them back practicing … I’m looking forward to the next game, putting this game behind us,” Shipman said. Next up is a game at home against Twin Bridges High School on Friday, Sept. 17.

Jen Clancey contributed reporting from the Drummond game.

REGIONAL BOZEMAN HEALTH COMPLETES 14-BED INPATIENT PSYCHIATRIC UNIT

BY JEN CLANCEY

BOZEMAN—It was an uplifting morning for Bozeman Health’s leadership on Sept. 10, when they announced the completion of a 14-bed inpatient psychiatric unit in Bozeman Health Deaconess Regional Medical Center. The facility, expected to open next week, will be the first treatment center of its kind in southwest Montana.

Those involved in the project, which cost around $6.5 million, noted that this is major progress for the region’s access to psychiatric care closer to home, and is another step forward in serving the mental health needs of a growing southwest Montana population.

Chief Executive Officer of Bozeman Health Dr. Kathryn Bertany described the importance of the facility to her team and the community.

“There is likely no one in the room who has not been touched by the need for psychiatric services— whether it’s yourself, a family member, a friend, a neighbor, someone that you work with who needs care,” Bertany said.

She encouraged anyone needing resources to reach out. “There is someone to help and we need to make sure that we save more people in the future, and this unit is going to help with that,” she said.

Ahead of the ribbon cutting, Gallatin County Commissioner Zach Brown described the challenge of meeting the need for mental health in the community.

“Ten years in public service has certainly taught me that no one’s coming to save us,” Brown said. “… And I feel often very frustrated by that reality … but this day and generally what this project represents is a very hopeful realization that despite the fact that no one’s coming to save us from above, we have each other, at the community level.”

Through a successful 25th annual Hospitality Gala on top of several years of community donors’ contributions, the Bozeman Health Foundation has received 1,224 gifts, totaling to $4.16 million. About $1.5 million of that sum supported the

construction and establishment of the new inpatient unit. Capital investments through the hospital system supported the remainder of construction of the space.

Expansion of services, team supports a “growing and evolving” Montana

The psychiatric care team has grown 65-strong after starting in 2017 with just one psychiatrist. In 2022, the hospital opened its psychiatric emergency services beside the emergency department to address the need for crisis care in medicine. The inpatient unit is opening in midSeptember, accepting 50% of its capacity as staff master the ins and outs of running the space.

Past the unit’s check-in desk, Nicole Madden, director of psychiatric services, cut the ribbon to the space, which has two single-bed rooms and six double-bed rooms. Window shading in rooms

reveals an “M” on an outline of the Bridger Range, referencing Bozeman’s famous hillside trail.

Last year, the psychiatric emergency services team completed just under 1,359 crisis evaluations—of those, about 35%, or about 475 people, needed inpatient care. Formerly, patients would be

transferred to the closest care unit in Billings, about 140 miles away. The new site could prevent that displacement.

“I think Montana as a whole is growing and evolving and we’re really starting to see the need for these things, and I think the need has been there,” Madden said. “I don’t think any one of us would argue that we haven’t had a need for this type of service in our community for a lot of years.”

According to a 2021 National Alliance on Mental Illness report, 163,000 adults in the state had a mental illness. Some organizations like local nonprofit Wellness in Action are working to connect people with the support they need to thrive in Big Sky. Executive Director Allison Bradac celebrated the opening of the unit.

“WIA is so grateful for the team at Bozeman Health for bringing the first in-patient psychiatric unit to our greater community,” Bradac stated in an email. “It will be a critical resource to ensure that patients can receive the best care for stabilization and overall improved mental health.”

This story has been shortened for print. Read the full story online at explorebigsky.com.

YELLOWSTONE HIKER INJURED BY BEAR ON TURBID LAKE TRAIL

EBS STAFF

On the afternoon of Tuesday, Sept. 16, a 29-yearold male solo hiker encountered a bear while hiking on the Turbid Lake Trail, located northeast of Mary Bay in Yellowstone Lake, 2.5 miles from the Pelican Valley Trailhead in the Pelican Valley Bear Management Area. According to a Sept. 16 press release from the National Park Service, the hiker deployed his bear spray and the bear made contact, resulting in significant but non-life-threatening injuries to the hiker’s chest and left arm.

National Park Service medics responded to the incident, hiked out with the victim, where he was transported in a park ambulance to the Lake Medical Clinic, then flown to a nearby hospital for treatment.

The Turbid Lake Trail is closed until further notice and the incident remains under investigation. Because the incident was a defensive reaction by the bear during a surprise encounter, the park clarified in the press release that they will not be taking any management action against the bear. They will attempt to confirm whether it was a black or grizzly bear through DNA analysis.

This is the first incident of a bear injuring a person in the park this year.

tracks, scat and feeding sites, make noise, hike in groups, stay on trail and don’t hike at dawn, dusk, or at night, when grizzlies are most active. Never run from a bear and if you do encounter one, keep at least 100 yards away.

BY CARLI JOHNSON

BIG SKY—After 28 years of specialized property management services, Scott Hammond, owner and operations manager of Hammond Property Management, has sold the business to dedicated employee Mike Palmer. In an interview with EBS, both Hammond and Palmer expressed their pride in keeping the company locally owned and operated.

“After 28 years in the business, I was looking for a transition myself,” Hammond said. “Mike has just kept moving up and kept proving that he is dedicated to the community, staff and customers and got to a point where he started showing interest in acquisition.”

Palmer said the team of 22 employees is amazing.

“Almost everybody that works for Hammond lives in Big Sky, so we're a locally based team, which has been part of the reason I wanted to eventually be the owner of the organization,” Palmer said.

Palmer was hired by Hammond in 2012 to provide lawn maintenance for HPM clients. As he worked his way through different positions in the company, he became general manager in 2019, and as of August 2025 Palmer now runs the show.

Laying the groundwork for his role with Hammond, Palmer’s formal education is in community and environmental planning. “Over

the years, I've held almost darn near every kind of position within the company, from the bottom up,” Palmer said.

Both Hammond and Palmer emphasized their appreciation of commitment from both staff and clients. Through Hammond’s efforts of maintaining lasting relationships, Hammond has kept his first client on the books.

“The client that hired me in '97 has passed away, but his family still owns properties in Big Sky, and we still work for them, which is something I'm really proud of,” Hammond said. “We've got decades of commitment from both staff and clientele.”

Over the course of the years, the company has done nearly everything in the property management space, according to Hammond. In the late 2000s, they began focusing on community association management and now operate over 30 HOAs and similar associations.

“When you say the word ‘property management,’ that can mean a lot of things. It can mean vacation rental, it can mean home management, it could mean Airbnb. But to us, what it means is taking care of these community associations,” Hammond said.

Whether it’s supporting employees’ goals, maintaining HPM’s long-term stability or preserving clients’ property values, Palmer emphasized that helping to enhance the community was a driving force in wanting to move the business forward.

As for Hammond, he has plans for more real estate and commercial development work in the Big Sky area. He also plans to spend more time skiing, biking and travelling.

BUSINESS

COMMUNITY SPOTLIGHT: FALL OFF SEASON

BY SARA SIPE

EBS CONTRIBUTOR

Dear Readers,

It’s hard to believe but here we are again! Off season.

Fall off season is upon us and with it brings great opportunities to lean into community. From BINGO at Riverhouse, trivia at The Waypoint, or karaoke at the Spoke, fall is for friends and neighbors. It’s also a great time to head into some of the businesses that we don’t get to spend much time at during the busy seasons. Pop into your favorite watering hole, pull up a seat at your favorite restaurant, or grab your dauber and head to BINGO. There is plenty to see and do in Big Sky this fall.

The more time locals spend out in the community during the off season, the more likely businesses will be able to continue, or become year-round and with consistent hours. Many businesses like the gas stations, our grocery stores, banks and the mercantile will maintain regular hours. But some of our other favorite places to go may take a little more planning ahead. But don’t fear, dear reader, we have done some of the leg work for you!

Your neighbor,

Sara

P.S. If you have any neighbors or Big Sky businesses that you think I should shine a spotlight on this fall, please reach out to me at sara@theoutlawpatners.com.

Sara Sipe has lived in Big Sky since 2009. She is an accountant by trade, but her true passion is being of service to others in Big Sky through charitable work and community building. In her free time, she enjoys live music, creative writing, pottery, and painting.

Big Sky Community Spotlight is a short column that is meant to shine a light on those in Big Sky doing important work. Whether it be a profession, hobby or volunteer work, Big Sky is home to interesting people that do interesting things and as our community grows,

it is important to stay connected to our neighbors and local businesses. This is more easily done if we know more about one another. We hope you enjoy getting to know your neighbors!

Sara’s neighborhood picks

U.S. Highway 191

Happy hour at Wild Cadis at Rainbow Ranch. A great spot to connect with friends and neighbors from 3-5 p.m. daily. Dinner 5-9 p.m. daily.

Off season would not be complete without a chance to win cash and fabulous prizes at Riverhouse BBQ & Events for American Legion hosted BINGO! BINGO kicks off at 5:30 p.m. on the following Tuesdays: Oct. 7 and 21, and Nov. 4, 18 and 25.

Meadow Village

After many requests from locals, Michaelangelo’s is trying off season for the first time. Following their regular season hours, which end on Sept. 20, they will be open Wednesday to Saturday from 5-9 p.m., until Oct. 18. No reservations. Don’t miss out on their unbelievable happy hour menu, small plates and mouthwatering desserts.

In keeping with that tasty international food fare in this neighborhood, take the opportunity to check out the new Big Sky Global Market as they dip

their toes into the Big Sky scene through the off season. Tuesdays and Fridays Oct. 3, 7, 10 and 14. Fri-Sun, Oct. 17 through 19. Starting regular hours Nov. 11 Tuesday through Saturday from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m.

Town Center

By the slice or the whole pie, Pinky G’s Pizzeria is the best bang for your buck in this neighborhood. Big slices. big pies, big smiles. Open daily from 12-8 p.m.

Arts Council of Big Sky has a new building and a new fall art class schedule. They have a pay-whatyou-can option and lots of activities to choose from.

Westfork Meadow

A great place to grab a bite or to watch a Sunday game is Milkie's Pizza & Pub. This long-time local favorite will be open Monday through Friday from 4 p.m. to close and Sundays from 11 a.m. to close.

Another reliable and tasty spot in this neighborhood is Blue Moon Bakery. They will be serving delicious breakfast, lunch, and pizzas daily from 8 a.m. to 9 p.m.

Please visit visitbigsky.com for a list of off season hours for more local businesses.

‘AN ATMOSPHERE OF SUCCESS’ WILLIAMS ACADEMY FILLS A GROWING TRADE SKILLS

GAP IN GALLATIN VALLEY

BY MIRA BRODY

BOZEMAN—I can safely say I’ve never driven an articulated haul truck before, yet here I am, in the parking lot of Williams Academy trade school, inside a simulation training trailer, doing the closest thing to it. The machine is set up with virtual reality software, controls, sounds, obstacles and even motion—my seat jostles as I navigate my truck through uneven terrain. They’re all elements identical to what is common on a job site behind the wheel of a massive piece of construction equipment. I learn quickly that operating heavy machinery takes a lot of finesse and muscle memory.

“Nothing completely replaces being in the machine, but [this] just really enhances the safety of stepping into the machine for the first time,” Chark Young, heavy equipment operator trainer at Williams Academy tells me. “You're really going to cut down on ... equipment damage too.”

The Williams Academy Trailer is one of the many unique investments of Williams Plumbing and Heating’s Williams Academy, an accredited trade school intended to properly equip tradespeople with highquality education and training in skilled trades related to plumbing, heating and civil engineering. It’s not only an education system however; it also serves as an often overlooked opportunity, and community for many who walk through its doors.

“I can’t stress this enough: community is huge, passion is huge,” said Mark Watkins, director of business sales. “And the more time you spend with your employees, your colleagues, your staff, your team, it just creates that whole atmosphere of success. And that's what we're building here.

“It's not just a job; it's an investment in our employees.”

Williams Academy took on its first students in June 2024. The company realized that investing in the next generation of trade skills would benefit not only them as a business, keeping up with demand in the region they serve, but also the economy as a whole, as the current trade workforce approaches retirement. They’ve invested in the creation of their own workforce, while also providing a critical

skillset, and the opportunity for a solid career, with a livable salary and upward mobility.

“In the next four to five years, up to 40% of the current trades workforce is going to retire,” Marketing Coordinator Steve Olp explained. “We have essentially a missing generation of trade people. So that's what we're trying to catch up with right now."

The academy’s current enrollment consists of 75 plumbing apprentices, six HVAC apprentices and two heavy equipment apprentices. While all are employees of Williams, the academy’s long-term vision is to build the infrastructure for a full-time, full-service trade school to serve anyone interested. Right now, their primary academy campus in Belgrade is supplemented by 10 teachers, with a plan to bring on four more this fall, as well as a satellite school in Missoula. They are the only

trade school in the state accredited by the National Center for Construction Education and Research.

“We're doing this early,” Olp said. “We’re trying to be at the cutting edge for the state of Montana, and the area where somebody can come out of high school or come out of the military … you can start your career, have training, do it in four years, graduate with no debt, and make up to $44 an hour.”

HVAC and plumbing apprenticeship programs are four-year commitments, with eight course books and 7,500-8,000 training hours, which take place on a live job site, explained Amanda Mills, learning and development manager. The heavy equipment operation apprenticeship is a two-year program, including four course books and 3,500 training hours. Upon completion, students receive a certificate that allows them to test with the state of Montana for their journeyman plumber license. Career opportunities range from heavy equipment operation, to engineering, marketing, management and even specialty skills, such as medical gas systems in hospitals and dentist offices.

"We're not opposed to college, obviously, a lot of people that work in this company went to college,” Watkins said. “But the reality is today, you don't have to, you can come in and we can put you to work right away and you can be earning revenue. And that is significant.”

A core value of Williams Academy is the nontraditional, hands-on approach, apparent not only during my experience in the simulation trailer, but also upon walking into the primary training building where a variety of pseudo display toilets, sinks, electrical circuits and other such practice sites are on display. Here, students learn how to problem solve alongside their more seasoned peers.

“We've been trying to figure out not just how can we do it a little bit better than anybody else, but how can we be the only organization that is taking the entire vertically integrated process,” said Josh Montayne, Williams’ executive vice president. “The end goal, like Steve said, is a vocational school that any competitor, whoever, can come send their employees to a lab to learn. I mean, it makes the whole market better.”

As Watkins emphasized earlier, the campus serves as a community space, inviting middle a nd high school students to observe, and yes, operate the simulator, for manufacturing school day; OSHA and other local general contractors have utilized their training facility; Montana State Prison in Deer Lodge aims to build a facility modeled off of Williams’ to aid with their inmate pre-release program; and they’ve even hosted local blood drives.

While trade-driven, it’s apparent that at the forefront of the skills they’re building, are the people doing them.

“Success is contagious,” Olp said, describing signing day, in which a new apprentice signs on with Williams Academy, where many often invite their families to celebrate the milestone.

“As a leadership team, we talk about, how do we have a culture where people go home for Thanksgiving and someone says, ‘How's your job?’ And they get the chills because they’re so excited to talk about it,” Montayne said. “So how do we create an environment where that's what it is?”

URBAN FARM

Bozeman’s Premier West-Side Investment Opportunity

Urban + Farm is a 106-acre master-planned community on Bozeman’s west side that blends modern living with the valley’s agricultural heritage. Designed around parks, trails, and shared spaces, it promotes walkability, sustainability, and authentic community connection. Offering residential, multi-family, and commercial parcels, Urban + Farm is set to become the vibrant new heart of Bozeman’s fastest-growing corridor.

LESLIE KILGORE

For Tim Drain, what started as “just one winter” at Moonlight Basin turned into 15 years in Big Sky. Now, regional manager of business development for Natural Retreats and chair of the Big Sky Chamber of Commerce board, Drain has helped shape both the vacation rental industry and the community he calls home. Explore Big Sky sat down with Drain to talk about his journey from seasonal work at Moonlight to leading Natural Retreats and serving the community he loves.

This series is part of a paid partnership with the Big Sky Chamber of Commerce. The following answers have been edited for brevity.

Explore Big Sky: When did you first move to Big Sky or the region, and what initially brought you here?

Tim Drain: I moved here in the fall of 2010 and had a job offer with Moonlight Basin. I had never set foot in Montana before. My wife Kristen and I thought we were going to be out here for just one season. I was the ski rental and retail manager at Moonlight and Kristen had a job in the cash control office there. The plan was that we were going to come out and spend the winter here, then go back out to Washington, but we’ve been here ever since, 15 years, and it was supposed to be one.

EBS: How did you hear about Moonlight Basin and how did you get your job there?

TD: It was completely random. I was at work and actually getting ready to lead a sunset kayak tour in mid-April in the San Juan Islands. It was freezing, so I was trying to warm up by drinking

tea and eating soup at the only food and beverage outlet open at the resort marina, and a guy was sitting next to me at the bar having cocktails and appetizers with his wife. I heard him mention Moonlight Basin, and I had heard good things about it, so I chimed in on his conversation. We started chatting for a little while, and I asked him, “What do you do at Moonlight?” He said, “Oh well, I own it.” That was Lee Poole.

EBS: When did you start with Natural Retreats? TD: I went from Moonlight to Big Sky Luxury Rentals in 2015. It was December of that year when Natural Retreats acquired Big Sky Luxury Rentals, so I then became a Natural Retreats employee. Within a few months, I was promoted to general manager. I did that for about six years. We built the business up to a large enough scale that it didn't make sense for the general manager to be running the day-to-day operations and managing the entire team while also recruiting homeowners and building our portfolio, so we created a new position in Big Sky, which is the regional manager of business development, and I’ve been in that position now for about four-and-a-half years.

EBS: You've worked for Natural Retreats for quite a while. What has kept you there, and what's great about the company?

TD: It’s a great company culture, and the company very much values all of the employees. We have really great, industry-leading benefits for anyone in the vacation rental space, or in the hospitality space, for that matter. But in addition to just the actual benefits, it’s a great company culture to work for. Everyone, from the top down, really values the input that everybody in the company brings. We feel appreciated and valued.

EBS: Can you give us a brief overview of some of the services you offer? What sets you apart from competitors nationally and regionally?

TD: The primary services that we offer are property management and vacation rental management. Many smaller companies do just the vacation rental side of things, and then they subcontract everything on the maintenance side. Others do the property management side while the homeowner manages their own bookings. There are different models that work for different businesses and for different customers. Natural Retreats is a full-service company, so we provide all of the property management services and manage bookings and guest stays.

EBS: Do you have a big team?

TD: Yes. We provide services for everything that a homeowner needs with ease and the peace of mind knowing that when they're back at their permanent home, they can essentially sit back from afar and their Big Sky home is taken care of. And then on the flip side, when they come out here on vacation, they don't have to feel like they're coming out to work on projects. They're coming into a home that’s

well taken care of and that’s prepped and ready for their arrival, as if they were a guest checking into the home.

EBS: Does that make a big difference for many of the homeowners you service here in Big Sky?

TD: Yes. All of our concierge services are also available to our homeowners, just like they are to our guests. So really, when they're here, owners can feel like they're a guest in a luxury property too, and their property is being cared for.

EBS: What else makes Natural Retreats stand out here in Big Sky?

TD: We have a very well-staffed team of property managers, a general manager, an assistant general manager, an operations coordinator, a solid maintenance team, and what that allows us to do is keep a much lower ratio of individual homes to property managers, allowing us to spend more time and care on each home. We have a solid support system for every homeowner.

EBS: How do you see Natural Retreats growing here in the property management realm as Big Sky overall continues to grow?

TD: We’re not worried about having the biggest home count. We just want to have the best properties and provide the best services for our guests and for our homeowners. That's what really creates a stronger business for us.

EBS: Can you tell us more about your engagement with the local community?

TD: I’m involved in the local community, personally and also while representing the Natural Retreats brand. The company sponsors many local events and different local nonprofits. We sponsor several of the Chamber of Commerce events and the Moonlight Community Foundation golf tournament this year.

EBS: And personally?

TD: For 10 years now, I've been on either the Visit Big Sky board of directors or the Chamber of Commerce board of directors. I’m currently the Chamber of Commerce board chair. My biggest highlight from being on the chamber board, and as board chair, is being able to elevate the services that the chamber provides to the business community and the community as a whole. And to help steer the organization to take on new initiatives that meet new needs.

EBS: What's the best business advice you've received during your successful career?

TD: If you fail to plan, you plan to fail. You always need a plan as to what you're doing, and be able to adapt that plan as well. Have a roadmap, have a northstar to follow, and just keep yourself moving in the right direction.

ENVIRONMENT

DISPATCHES FROM THE WILD: SAY ‘NO’ TO RESCINDING THE ROADLESS RULE

BY BENJAMIN ALVA POLLEY EBS COLUMNIST

For the first time in 25 years, the Trump Administration is threatening to revoke the Roadless Rule, opening the door for major industries to exploit our public lands for private profit—at the expense of our natural heritage.

The Roadless Rule, established in 2001, protects about 45 million acres of pristine National Forest System lands by prohibiting new road construction, major logging and disruptive development, with only limited exceptions. Designed to safeguard wild areas for public recreation and maintain ecological balance, the rule has played a crucial role in defending these lands—yet now, it faces its most serious threat ever, as the U.S. Department of Agriculture proposes overturning it in 2025.

While many people picture remote Alaska’s Tongass National Forest or Alaska National Wildlife Refuge, the truth is that the Roadless Rule also protects millions of acres in the Lower 48, safeguarding beloved recreation areas. Iconic trails like the Continental Divide, Pacific Crest, and Appalachian pass through these precious landscapes, alongside over 10,000 climbing routes, 800 miles of whitewater runs, 10,000 bike trails, and an astonishing 25,000 miles of hiking paths. Without the Roadless Rule, the remote characteristics of these cherished places could be lost to destructive development.

Thanks to the Roadless Rule, these wild places remain unspoiled, serving as economic engines and cultural lifelines for countless small towns, and meaning a lot to the people whose homelands these places originally belonged to. They create

jobs, shape local traditions and inspire meaning for communities across the nation. Protected lands aren’t just nature—they’re vital to our economy, powering $1.2 trillion in annual output, supporting more than five million jobs, and drawing 181 million Americans and 70 million international visitors every year.

Many people, myself included, cherish the solitude of venturing deep into roadless areas on foot. We find solace, respite, and even healing far from the

noise of roads and machines. These places are essential for the soul and ecologically crucial for the planet. My heart soars when I hear birdsong drifting through an old-growth forest or the rush of a river over rocks. Escaping the clamor of modern life allows me to truly listen to my own thoughts.

Beyond that, roadless areas are critical for our planet’s health, shielding fragile ecosystems, filtering water, storing vast amounts of carbon, and helping fight climate change. Losing them would irreparably damage the vital natural services on which we all depend.

No matter your political beliefs, sacrificing these irreplaceable landscapes for short-term billionaire gains makes no sense. Once developed to logging or mining interests, these lands—and the experiences and livelihoods they support—are lost forever. There is no way to get them back.

If you value hiking or hunting in Montana’s Lee Metcalf Wilderness, horseback riding or climbing in Wyoming’s Wind River Range or skiing in the Cascades, hiking in the Sierra Nevada, or exploring any of our nation’s treasured places, now is the time to act. Add your voice to the movement and leave a public comment to defend the Roadless Rule before it’s too late—public comment period closes Sept. 19.

Benjamin Alva Polley is a place-based storyteller. His words have been published in Rolling Stone, Esquire, Field & Stream, The Guardian, Men’s Journal, Outside, Popular Science, Sierra, and other publications, and can be seen on his website.

IT’S TIME TO PROTECT

THE ELK AND DEER HERDS OF GALLATIN GATEWAY AND BIG SKY

3,562

Deer and Elk were killed by vehicles in Gallatin County since 2008.

PRIORITIZE WILDLIFE CROSSING SOLUTIONS. SUPPORT AND DONATE TODAY.

EVERY DROP COUNTS: WHY WE'RE STILL IN DROUGHT ENVIRONMENT

BY JESS OLSON EBS COLUMNIST

Drought is a tricky phenomenon. Unlike the sudden, dramatic fury of a flood, or the fleeting inconvenience—or, blessing—of a snowstorm, it is a creeping, quiet paradox. Drought lacks a clear starting point and an obvious end, its presence revealed not by a single event, but by an accumulation of data points over time.

This subtlety of drought is part of what makes it so difficult to manage, and so dangerous to our sensitive water supply. Drought compromises our drinking water, affects our ability to protect against wildfire, impacts agriculture production, landscape irrigation, recreation, and wildlife habitat. It can trick us into a false sense of security, making it difficult to understand why, even during a rainy period with seemingly normal streamflows, our community and our resources are still subject to the impacts of drought.

This is precisely the situation we face in Big Sky, where we are currently in D3 or Extreme Drought status. At the time you read this column, some indicators, like streamflows in parts of the Gallatin River and snowpack at Beaver Creek, are above average for this time of year. So how is it possible that we are still in drought? The answer lies in the multifaceted nature of this threat.

Defining drought is a complex task, with five commonly used definitions highlighting its different dimensions. Meteorological drought focuses on dryness and the length of a dry period, which can be region-specific.

Hydrological drought—what most people think of—is defined by precipitation, including rain and snowfall, and its impact on the hydraulic system, such as low streamflows and groundwater levels.

Agricultural drought links these factors to impacts on farming, focusing on soil water deficits and evapotranspiration. This type of drought is least related to the types of drought we refer to in Big Sky.

Socioeconomic drought considers the supply and demand of economic factors like the outdoor recreation industry, while ecological drought, the most recently recognized definition, focuses on the stress prolonged water deficits place on local ecosystems and species such as trout and other wildlife. So by definition, there are many categories and impacts that we consider when talking about drought in our region.

All these definitions have one thing in common: they rely on long-term data and regional specifics. A brief period of rain or a few above-average data points do not erase the long-term trends that have led us to this point. This is where the local expertise of the Gallatin River Task Force’s Drought Status comes in. While the U.S. Drought Monitor, an excellent tool developed by the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, provides a broad snapshot of drought across our country, it's not designed to capture the specific nuances of individual communities. By combining the U.S. Drought Monitor with our own local metrics—snowpack levels at Lone Peak, Gallatin River streamflow,

groundwater levels, and more—our dashboard provides a drought status that is truly specific to Big Sky.

The dashboard uses 12 metrics to determine our status, and sometimes, these metrics can contradict one another. This is why we can experience a stage three drought during a rainy period. The rain may temporarily boost streamflows, but it may not be enough to replenish depleted groundwater reserves or restore soil moisture levels after a prolonged dry spell. A single rain event doesn't magically fix a problem that has been building for months or even years. Individual factors, even in combinations, do not give us the full picture of drought.

The scale for defining drought stages—from D0, Abnormally Dry, to D4, Exceptional Drought— is our go-to for understanding the severity of the situation. Currently, Big Sky is in a serious, D3, Extreme Drought, where widespread water shortages are a reality. And while we cannot control the amount of snow that falls this winter or how quickly it melts, we are not powerless.

Community-level water conservation is one of the most effective and environmentally friendly ways to protect our water supply. The actions we take now, as a community, can make a real difference. By understanding the complexity of drought and the importance of our local data, we can move beyond the confusion and take meaningful steps to safeguard our most precious resource.

Education and understanding drought is key; taking our own measures to do what we can in our own homes and businesses and as a community is essential to protecting our already fragile water supply during these exceptional times of drought.

To stay up to date on our drought status and learn what measures you can take, visit the tool online.

Jess Olson is the Conservation Manager at the Gallatin River Task Force. She manages the Task Force's Water Conservation Program and holds a Qualified Water Efficient Landscaper certification to help you with your water-wise projects.

290±

WILDFIRE WIRE: Q&A WITH BSFD WILDLAND FIRE CHIEF JON TRAPP

BY MEL CRICHTON EBS COLUMNIST

As you know, we live in a forested landscape that is prone to wildfires. For the past few months, we’ve been reminding you of this. We’ve given you tips on how to prepare your home to survive a wildfire, we’ve talked about evacuation and staying alive and healthy.

We’ve received some recent rains that have temporarily lowered the fire danger. However, as I write this in early September, there’s thick smoke in the air and wildfires are still raging across the West. We aren’t out of the woods yet.

This month, I sat down with Big Sky Fire Department Wildlands Fire Chief Jon Trapp. Jon came to Big Sky from the Red Lodge Fire Rescue back in February, and his years of wildfire experience will be valuable here. In his past, Jon served in the Air Force, and then as a wolf biologist before taking on wildfires about 20 years ago. As a fire behavior analyst, Jon deploys to fires across the western U.S. and Alaska.

This conversation has been edited for brevity.

Wildfire Wire: Why did you join the Big Sky Fire Department?

Jon Trapp: I’ve been coming to Big Sky for years because my daughters were on the ski team in Red Lodge. I was impressed by the mountainous and forested landscape in the area. As a wildland firefighter, I noted some of the significant challenges this area presents. I have known Chief [Dustin] Tetrault for years, and when he mentioned creating the new position in Wildfire Response and Mitigation, my ears perked up. The Big Sky Fire Department has great members, and I’m excited to be a part of the team.

WW: What about fires in Big Sky?

JT: Wildfire behavior depends upon three things: fuels, weather and topography.

In Big Sky, [fuels] is primarily conifers—pine, spruce, fir—but there are also areas with grass and shrubs. Fuels consist of live and dead components. Every spring, our live fuels take on moisture as they grow, and dead fuels start drying out. Fire activity starts picking up in late July when fuel moisture starts to drop.

Warming temperatures, lower relative humidity and lack of precipitation contribute to drying of fuels. Strong winds can contribute to rapid fire growth.

[Topography] is the mountains, canyons, rivers. The topography also produces south facing slopes with more sparse, dryer fuels. North facing slopes tend to be cooler, denser and thicker. Topography also channels winds.

Many times, early-season fires are knocked down and contained quickly. In late August and September, when fires start, they can move quickly and be more intense. If a fire outpaces initial attack resources and we have to step up a

level and request additional resources like aircraft. As a fire increases in size, the complexity of the system that manages it grows. In the initial fire, there may be one incident commander and one or two engines. However, if it expands, the incident command system goes into effect, and then we need things like logistics, finance, planning, safety and operations. This machine grows, with the objective of working together to contain the fire. And when that happens, my team—the Northern Rockies team—gets called out.

WW: Who responds to the wildfires?

JT: Typically, when a fire starts, the closest resources respond. If a fire starts in the Big Sky area, the Big Sky Fire and Yellowstone Mountain Club Fire departments will respond immediately. Because Big Sky is surrounded by National Forest, the U.S. Forest Service also responds. Neighboring fire districts and Montana DNRC may also respond. This is why it is important that we are all trained to the same national standards. This enables us to work together on fires like the West Fork Fire.

WW: One resident told his neighbor ambassador, “I'm not going to worry about fire in Big Sky, because Yellowstone Club's fire department won’t let it get to us.” So he's assuming the fire's coming from the Yellowstone Club direction. But is it realistic to think that?

JT: It really depends on where the fire starts and how quickly it grows. If it's on a day where we have a red flag warning and fuels are dry, it can grow rapidly

and exceed the local resources. The firefighters at the Yellowstone Club are good firefighters, and we train to those same standards. We try to work together.

WW: What equipment does Big Sky have?

JT: We have tenders that carry water. We have a typethree engine—a hybrid between a structure engine and a wildfire engine. We also have three brush rigs specialized for wildland fire. We'll get another one as we open station three in Spanish Peaks.

WW: So station three fills a gap?

JT: Fire stations are located from the standpoints of structure protection, ambulance service, wildlands and rescue. The closest station responds to minimize response time. We hope homes within five road miles of a fire station will benefit from a lower insurance rating. The ISO rating is the insurance standard for risk. Near a fire station, the ISO rating within five miles lowers to four. Some insurers will not cover you if ISO is a nine or above, as you are too far away from water and fire support.

WW: Insurance. That word has been in a lot of local conversations recently. It’s a complex subject, and it raises some hackles among property owners here. But we’ll have to cover that in a future issue. For now, thanks for your time, and we’ll talk more.

Mel Crichton acts as neighborhood ambassador coordinator for Fire Adapted Big Sky. He may be reached at kj9c@comcast.net.

$10 from each item purchased goes directly to the Center for Large Landscape Conservation and their Hwy 191 Wildlife Crossings Project.

GRIZZLY 399 COLLECTION

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RARE WOLF FACES HARD ROAD TO RECOVERY

BY TED WILLIAMS WRITERS ON THE RANGE

Most people are familiar with the gray wolf, which was reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park in 1995, and has since established populations in several Western states. But there’s an endangered wolf subspecies not often written about—the Mexican wolf, smallest of the gray wolves. Also called “El Lobo,” it’s native to America’s Southwest and Mexico.

Just 286 wild lobos roam Arizona and New Mexico, and perhaps 35 inhabit Mexico, while 350 are in captivity. Humans have nearly wiped these wolves out.

Irrational wolf hatred hampers recovery, that hatred issuing from people who want to control public land, and from some hunters, outfitters and ranchers. For example, last April, the Catron County Commission, a loud voice for private control of public lands, unanimously passed a resolution proclaiming a lobo “emergency.”

The commission has been declaring lobo “emergencies” since 2006, when fewer than two dozen lobos populated the entire Southwest.

Audrey McQueen, a New Mexico Catron County Commissioner, hunting outfitter and board chair of the County Livestock Authority, was quoted by Outdoor Life magazine as follows: “We are scared. We’ve had deputies posted at the school this year so our kids can go out and play.” There’s no record of lobos ever attacking humans. Kids face more danger from poodles.

McQueen also complained that Mexican wolves have “changed [elk] behavior.” Translation: Elk now act like elk, fleeing when hunters stop their trucks. The biological problem facing all living lobos is that they are descended from just seven survivors, making inbreeding a concern. If they lose the protection of the Endangered Species Act, their populations will continue to diminish and inbreeding will increase. Arizona Representative Paul Gosar, a Republican, has already introduced an “Enhancing Safety for Animals” bill that would remove Endangered Species Act protection for lobos.

Until 2023, lobos were thought to have mostly escaped the genetic damage of inbreeding. But that year, Greta Anderson of the Western Watersheds Project learned from a public-records request that conjoined toe pads, called “syndactyly”—a symptom of severe inbreeding in canids—was seen on the carcass of a captive lobo raised in this country and released in Mexico.

Now that researchers are looking for syndactyly, they’re finding it in both wild and captive lobos. A solution, Anderson explained, would be letting lobos occupy the northern part of their natural range where a few could hybridize with northern gray wolves, as they did historically. A new shot of northern gray wolf genes in the lobo population would relieve the genetic bottleneck.

But a federal recovery plan imposes an artificial boundary—Interstate 40, which slices off the top

third of Arizona and New Mexico. Whenever possible, all lobos that cross to the north are returned to the south. This boundary, insisted on by the two state wildlife agencies, is making true recovery impossible.

South of I-40, lobos are classified as a “nonessential experimental population,” meaning it’s fine for managers to kill them if they are deemed problematic. It’s only north of I-40 that lobos are fully protected as “endangered.”

A draft recovery plan prescribed three U.S. subpopulations, each with at least 200 lobos: one south of I-40, two north. But then-Utah Senator Orrin Hatch, a Republican, wrote an editorial excoriating the plan, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ran for cover.

The current plan prescribes only a single subpopulation of 320 lobos, all south of I-40, and a subpopulation of 200 in Mexico. The Mexican subpopulation is a fantasy.

There’s scant public land in Mexico, and ranchers there still poison wolves. Biologist David Parsons of the Rewilding Institute led lobo recovery from 1990 to 1999. “We’re not paying attention to the best available science required by the Endangered Species Act,” he said. “This artificial boundary precludes expansion [and] Mexican wolves remain at risk of extinction.”

The current practice of cross-fostering lobos— placing captive-bred pups in dens to be raised by wild wolves—would work if lobos had decent genetic diversity. But pups take two years to reach sexual maturity, and mortality is naturally high in the wild.

That’s why Anderson, Parsons and other wolf allies advocate adult pack releases.

“CROSS-FOSTERING IS A TOOL IN THE TOOLBOX, BUT IT’S VERY SLOW AND VERY LABOR-INTENSIVE. AND SOME OF THE [PARENT] WOLVES ARE BEING USED OVER AND OVER AGAIN, SENDING BASICALLY THE SAME GENETIC CONTENT INTO THE WILD.”

- Greta Anderson, Western Watersheds Project

Meanwhile, wolf haters are shooting lobos on both sides of I-40.

Ted Williams, a longtime environmental writer, is a contributor to Writers on the Range, writersontherange.org, an independent nonprofit dedicated to spurring lively conversation about the West.

COMMUNITY EVENTS CALENDAR

“SPACES IN BETWEEN”: LIVE STORYTELLING EVENT

TUESDAY, SEPT. 30, 6 P.M. RANCH HALL AT LONE MOUNTAIN RANCH

On Tuesday, Sept. 30 from 6-9 p.m., speakers will share stories of “transitions, awkwardness, tender middles and chapters between chapters” at a storytelling event hosted by nonprofit Be Well Big Sky.

The event will feature community members’ tales of resilience, messiness and celebrates the healing power of telling true stories aloud. Tickets for the event are $25 and are available on eventbrite.com

Do You or Someone You Know Need Help Getting Sober?

DINING

A LA CARTE: MEAT AND POTATOES?

BY RACHEL HERGETT EBS COLUMNIST

I’m naturally curious. My favorite part of journalism has always been the opportunity to dig into people's passions, to talk to them about the things they love the most. While many journalists start with long lists of questions, that’s not my style. In some ways it feels like trying to control the narrative, to write someone’s story before they get a chance to tell it.

When I wander around Big Sky, southwest Montana and beyond for this column, I’m really engaging in conversations about food. And conversations require a give and take. I am happy to share of myself when asking others to do the same. It’s what I do here, writing about family recipes and telling my stories alongside those of others who love food as much as I do.

Lately, I’ve noticed a pattern of questioning. People are curious what a food writer cooks for herself when there is no one to impress. What, essentially, is my meat and potatoes?

Meat and potatoes is simple fare. It’s the bare bones of sustenance—protein and carb. Meat and potatoes was the base menu of 19th century chop houses and 20th century supper clubs. Add a bun, and your meat and potatoes is a burger and fries. This idea is so central to our diet in the United States that it has become an idiom. The “meat and potatoes” of something is its most basic or fundamental form.

I’ve had countless literal meat and potatoes meals in my life, some of them necessary to fuel long days. But diets and tastes have changed. The truth is that my “meat and potatoes” is no longer meat and potatoes. It’s close, though.

While I often write of my Japanese culinary heritage, I’m also very much a Montana girl, the product of farmers, ranchers and rodeo cowboys. My death row meal—what I would choose if I were to know it is the last thing I would ever eat—is steak and sushi. Fresh fish is hard to source in a landlocked state, so I’m not over here making sushi on the daily. Beef, however, is certainly the meat of my meat and potatoes.

An old Lodge cast iron pan rarely leaves my stovetop, ever at the ready to sear the perfect steak. I like marbling in the meat, tending toward a New York over a sirloin, or newer cuts like Denver steaks. But what I grab depends on what looks best for the price when I’m at the grocery store or butcher shop. Same goes for my “potatoes,” which have become a variety of mainly green things I cook in the same pan. Vegetables that love cast iron include baby bok choy, zucchini, green beans, asparagus and broccoli. Also making frequent appearances are mushrooms, onions and poblano peppers. Occasionally, I’ll even add in an actual potato.

The steak-vegetable combo is my meat and potatoes meal because it is so dang simple to cook. Do I pull the steak out of the fridge early to come to room temperature before cooking? Rarely. I unwrap it, season it with salt and pepper and throw that baby onto the hot pan with a little olive oil. I cook the steak by feel. I don’t time or temp it. The steak gets turned a couple times until it firms to the point of mid rare while I wash and chop the vegetables. When the steak is done, I set it on a rack to rest while I return to the hot pan.

I use the pan to sear the vegetables, adding in extra flavor via residue of steak. When they are cooked through, the steak is rested and ready. Dinner is done in less than 15 minutes.

That, my friends in food, is my meat and potatoes. I hope to hear about yours.

Rachel Hergett is a foodie and cook from Montana. She is arts editor emeritus at the Bozeman Daily Chronicle and has written for publications such as Food Network Magazine and Montana Quarterly. Rachel is also the host of the Magic Monday Show on KGLT-FM and teaches at Montana State University.

HEALTH

LIVE BETTER: YOU DON’T HAVE TO LIVE WITH BACK PAIN

BY ALLIE EPSTEIN POALINO EBS COLUMNIST

Sponsored Article

Did you know that up to 80% of people experience low back pain at some point in their lifetime? Low back pain is also one of the leading causes of disability and missed workdays in the United States.

The good news? You don’t have to put up with it. In this article we are going to cover what causes low back pain, what to do if you experience symptoms, and how to fix it for good so that you can continue to do the things that you love.

Common symptoms of low back pain:

• A dull, constant ache in the lower back

• Stiffness after sitting, driving, or sleeping

• Sharp or stabbing pain with bending, lifting, or twisting

• Pain that radiates into buttocks, hips, or legs—commonly called sciatica

• Tingling, numbness, or weakness in the legs or feet

• Muscle tightness or spasms making it hard to stand up straight

• Reduced flexibility or difficulty reaching overhead or bending over

• Pain that worsens with activity or pain that improves only with rest

• Difficulty standing or walking for long periods of time

• Pain after repetitive lifting, pushing, or pulling

• Catching, clicking or locking sensations in the low back during movement

What causes low back pain?

Low back pain often stems from a few root causes. The main cause is the joints in the spine, called

the vertebrae, not moving enough or moving too much. This is typically a result of either tight hips or upper back, which forces your lower back to move more than it should; pain can also stem from a weak core and hips which reduces support and stability in the spine, causing too much movement everywhere.

Repetitive movements such as lifting, pushing or pulling objects can also place excessive stress on these joints in the lower back as well. When you have excessive movement in the lower spine, it creates excessive friction between the joints which can lead to inflammation and irritation and then creates pain.

A three-minute morning routine to alleviate low back pain

If you have struggled with chronic low back pain, or have experienced a recent onset of symptoms, try out this three-minute morning routine before you get out of bed. Be sure to run yourself through this program each morning for at least one week.

Start each morning when you are still in bed with these three stretches, following steps one to three in order.

Step 1: Laying on your back, bring your knees to your chest, hugging them as close to your chest as possible. Hold this stretch for 5 deep breaths.

Step 2: Next, place your feet down on your mattress with your knees bent, allow your knees to fall slowly to the left all the way, or as close as you can, to the mattress without letting your upper body or trunk move at all. Hold for 5 deep breaths, return your knees to the starting position, and repeat the same process on the other side.

Step 3: Lastly, when you are ready sit up at the edge of your bed with your feet flat on the floor, reach your arms up to shoulder height with your arms outstretched in front of you and gently twist

as far left and as far right as you can to loosen up your upper back. Repeat to each side 10 times. If you do not see a significant change in symptoms, for the better, within one week, contact us at Lone Peak PT & Performance for more guidance.

How physical therapy can help

When your body develops certain movement habits that cause dysfunction and lower back pain, it can be hard to “unwind” them on your own. This is where physical therapy comes in. By working with an experienced physical therapist who specializes in spine care, you will identify the root cause of your pain and implement strategies to reduce symptoms on day one.

Once your pain calms down, we use your “window of opportunity” to retrain movement patterns, strengthen weak areas, and restore stability so the problem doesn’t return. We then combine handson manual techniques such as soft tissue and joint mobilization, dry needling, and guided stretching with targeted strength training to help you drive results and get better, faster.

You don’t have to accept nagging low back pain. With the right management program, you can restore movement, reduce pain, and get back to doing the things you love. If you have any questions about lower back pain or wish to speak to an expert, please contact us at Big Sky + Performance or Bozeman + Performance today!

Allie Epstein Poalino is a passionate and dedicated Physical Therapist at Lone Peak PT and has proudly served the Big Sky community for the past decade. Our entire team has advanced training and high-level expertise in biomechanics, movement analysis, and performance testing, and provides an unparalleled physical therapy and sports rehabilitation experience. At Lone Peak PT, we are passionate about helping our patients recover faster and empowering them to excel in their rehabilitation journey and confidently return to doing what they love.

HEALTH BUZZ: HOLISTIC HEALTH AND THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

THRIVING TOGETHER IN A MOUNTAIN TOWN

BY KALEY BURNS EBS COLUMNIST

Perched high above the chaos of city life, this mountain town offers more than just stunning views— it provides a lifestyle rooted in nature and community. Our town is uniquely equipped with multiple practitioners that we can turn to for holistic practices that support immune function and overall wellbeing, making health a shared commitment built into the rhythm of mountain life.

Living in the mountains provides built-in immune support. Remote mountain communities benefit from cleaner air and lower pollution. Living at higher elevations encourages the body to adapt by producing more red blood cells and improving oxygen efficiency—both vital to cardiovascular and immune health.

Nature also provides us with daily medicine.

Surrounded by forests, peaks and rivers, we have direct access to natural stress relief. Studies show that time in nature lowers cortisol levels, enhances immune cell activity, and promotes emotional balance.

The Japanese concept of shinrin-yoku, or “forest bathing,” perfectly describes what we can experience every day: nature as a therapeutic space for mind and body.

Our lifestyle can benefit from integrative healing practices, such as acupuncture to balance the body’s energy.

Acupuncture is more than pain relief—it’s preventive care. By stimulating meridian points, acupuncture improves circulation, regulates the nervous system and reduces inflammation.

Treatments help us to stay balanced through winter, when the immune system is more vulnerable.

Structural wellness treatments, including massage and chiropractic care, can reduce stress, inflammation and lower stress hormones. See Healing Hands, Windy Ridge or other local massage therapists in the community.

Another way to support immune resilience is IV therapy. Administered by trained professionals, IV nutrient infusions deliver hydration, vitamins and minerals directly to the bloodstream.

Common immune support formulas include Vitamin C, zinc, B-complex, and magnesium—

ideal during flu season, post-illness recovery or periods of fatigue.

Health care treatments are valuable, but community is the hidden strength of mountain wellness. It’s not just social, it’s part of the health care system.

Shared experience builds emotional resilience, and organizations like Wellness In Action leading the charge. Similarly, group wellness activities like hiking clubs, yoga or breathwork circles promote consistency and support. BASE is a good resource to find that community through fitness.

At home, neighborly care including rides to an appointment or check-ins during snowstorms can foster connection and reduce stress.

Holistic health in a mountain town is a shared elevation of wellbeing. As a community we create a powerful foundation for immune resilience.

Dr. Kaley Burns is a licensed Naturopathic Physician providing a wide range of services for her clients, including: Naturopathic Medicine, IV Nutrient Therapy, Regenerative Injections, Rejuvenation Therapies, Vitamin Shots, and Nutrition Counseling. She embraces a natural approach to health and aims to similarly inspire and guide others on their health journey.

$2,600,000 | #388104

$1,200,000 | #402593

TBD TIMBERLOFT DRIVE

Big Sky

40± acre alpine meadow overlooking the Gallatin Canyon, outstanding views of the Spanish Peaks and Lone Mountain. Two adjacent 40± acre properties, designated building sites, end of the road privacy easy all season access. Close to Ophir School and the West Gallatin River.

TBD HIGHWAY 287 McAllister

Commercial frontage with no covenants, zoning or restrictions. Virtually a blank slate to to allow a new owner a variety of options. An existing duplex is on-site and available to be converted into a variety of uses. Approximately 8.345± acres. Adjacent to McAllister post office.