Senior Research by NOUF ALKHALIFA

Senior One Research Semester (202) 2/5/2021

ARCH498-Senior Project I

Prof. Buthanya Eilouti

Nouf AlKhalifa - 217410084

Table of contents

Starter Logo Quote

● ●

PHASE 0 Competition introduction Summary Data analysis.

● ● ●

●

Thesis Proposal ○ Hybrid Model ○ Case Analysis

Site Analysis Context Analysis

PHASE 7 ●

Programming

PHASE 6 ● ●

Case Studies ○ Pixar Animation Studio ○ Walt Disney Concert Hall

PHASE 5 ●

PHASE 1 ●

PHASE 2,3,4

3D Massing

PHASE 8 ●

Architectural Concept Models

—To Inﬁnity and Beyond!

“Animation can explain whatever the mind of man cant conceive.” —Walt Disney

00 PHASE 0

-Competition Introduction -Summary -Data analysis. 7

Why Animation Studios? Animation is introduced to most of us while we are children, some even say it maybe inevitable in a children’s as well as adults’ life, as it provides a positive inﬂuence in an educational manner, such as introducing children to letters, shapes, vocabulary and manners, and it is a safe way for entertain people and teach them life lessons for better community. Expanding animation studios in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia will help exponentially in regards of tourism, building a better understanding of the culture, and entertainment. for example Disney attracts millions of tourists every year. Therefore, Animation Studios will not only has an economic value but also will make Saudi Arabia expands globally to be ranked at the top GLOBAL NETWORK CONNECTIVITY (GNC) and that’s what 2030 vision aims for.

https://www.innovation-cities.com/index-2019-global-city-rankings/18842/

Serv

ices

Initial Bubble Diagram op

s e s s Cla

Sh e e f Cof

ter a e Th Studio

Dig lab ital s

Visitors Animation

g enin e r c S ter Thea

Even tS

pace

Ofﬁces

Retail

bora

tion

Gra p Art hic an Gal d lery

im Ce ato nt rs er

Studios

Animation Camp

04 Webcast Studios

Coll a

03 Museum

Wor ksp a

of ion t a e Recr ation Anim

Collaborative

Digit Media al Zone

O-

Gr am

Gl Att obal rac tio n m Classic Fil Screening

Disn

Tou r Cen ing ter

Objective

Entertainment

Eﬃciency

03 Eco-Friendly Smart System

Consideration

01 Sustainability

Materials, Exterior\Interior Technology Furniture and Lighting

Functionality and Social Circulation Interaction

06 Aesthetic

Competition Summary Qiddya it is the future target site for tourism it will include 45+ projects and more than 300 activities. Therefore, it will perfectly ﬁts Animation Studios since it will add a touch of creativity to the site.

●

Qiddiya is an important part of the changes that are currently happening in Saudi Arabia. It is a catalyst for national transformation, creating a richer life for Saudi citizens while spurring innovation in the creative, hospitality and entertainment sectors. Qiddiya will serve untapped audiences hungry for entertainment options and professional opportunities.

Why Qiddya? ●

●

General Explanation: Because it the future target site for tourism it will include 45+ projects and more than 300 activities. Therefore, it will perfectly ﬁts Animation Studios since it will add a touch of creativity to the site. Architecture Explanation: The site is reachable and the site is open into two main streets while the other two is pedestrian walk path. While in the future in 2025 mixed-used, schools, hospitails, residential units, etc will surround the site which will give the site a huge value

Riyadh To Qiddya: 47 minutes

Site Location Accessibility

Riyadh To Qiddya: 30 minutes

Qiddya, Saudi Arabia

Site Photos Current 2021

Future 2030

The center is organized in three separate units, which can be placed in different buildings or in a single one split into various sectors. Total Area: roughly 9,500 sqm

Data Analysis

1-WELCOME CENTER:It will be the interface of the center with the public. Its functions will be providing information and support about Animation Studios and knowledge. ● Hall/reception (300 Sqm) ● Museum (500 Sqm) ● Tour ● Arena (1200 Sqm) ● Restaurants (500 Sqm) 2- HEADQUARTERS:It will be the beating heart of Animation Studios: it hosts most of the offices, workshops and user needs ● Offices (1000 Sqm) ● Studios (1500 sqm) ● Gym and pool (500 Sqm) 3-TRAINING CENTER:It is the space where future Animators. ● Classrooms (500 Sqm) ● Laboratory (500 Sqm)

Flow Chart

Space Emplacement Table

Space Metrics Table

Massing Table

Bubble Diagram

01 PHASE 1

-Thesis Proposal

Article 1| Hybrid Model For Design Development (HMDD)

Elements Analysis, Concept Representation

Given

Program, Context Environment

and

Physical Substances 07 Mass, Structure, Surface and Materials

Ephemeral Substances Space, Scale, Movement

Light

and

Conceptual Devices Dialogue, Defamiliarization Transformation

Tropes, and

Organizational Devices Infrastructure, Datum, Order, Grid and Geometry

Constructive Possibilities Fabrication and Prefabrication

Concluding Presentation

The hybrid model its about combination or adaption of the previous planned systems. It compares three conceptual models with a critical language. The language is constructed as the alphabet, the principles are classiﬁed into 8 clusters.

Hybrid Model Method Application at Animation Studios Process by considering a productive place for animators

Studios is the dominant function and the heart of the building with site surroundings

A hidden massage and exposed massage that are shown in the building function as well as the facade

The facade treatment due to the site context while still considering sustainability to create a health efficient environment

Meaningful distribution of functions and clear path for people

Creating a sequence distribution of functions from exterior form into interior spaces Program that includes the needed services while considering the circulation and the visitors as well the employees entrances

Project Management

Project Management Construction, Furniture and lighting costs

The construction shall be considered well due to the poor soil of the site

Costs Evaluation Solutions Project Characteristics

Identify Essential Problems Functional Requirements Specify the business needs

Strengths and Weakness

The site shall have a strategic location in 2030 but it might be exposed to hazards Sustainability and functional distribution

Sustainability shall be considered to reduce the heat gain since it located at desert side and lacks of surroundings that will not reduce the urban heat. Thus a well distributed functions for easy accessibility for the users Fun and Cozy

The project shall express the identity of Saudi Arabia as well as showing the fun entertainment side Site context and surroundings

The site currently is not been used therefore the upcoming years will be as a testing for the site as well as the lack of surroundings Studios, recreational and entertainment facilities

Services distributed depend on the function of the space and max 10m far Promotion for the place as well the use of current

Managing the budget to have high efficient building 27

Article 2| Case Analysis

Top-down approach to designing ➔

The process of extracting knowledge or design information from an artificial product and reproducing a new product

03 02

Reverse Engineering Method

Result ➔

Problem-solving

➔

An approach to the systematic analysis or synthesis of design products.

Commercial Offices Welcome Studios Center

3D Shape

2D Shape Reception

01 Lexical

Stepped Foundation for poor topographic soil

07 Verbal Steel Structure System

Maximum Daylight

Exploded Geometry

02 Syntactic

Language of Architecture

Pragmatic

03 Morphological

Earth Color Scheme

Semantic

Semiotic Control Air movement and catch breezy air

Concept

Block Prevailing Winds

Cozy welcoming environment

02,03,04 PHASE 2,3,4

-Case Studies

Pixar Animation Studios

Walt Disney Concert Hall

Case Studies

Location: Emeryville, California Area: 15,000㎡

Location: Los Angeles, United States Area: 18,500㎡

Logos

Pixar Animation Studios General Info Pixar Animation Studios, commonly known as Pixar, is an American computer animation studio.

Year 1996-2000

Location Emeryville, California

Users Employees, Designers, Families, Kids

Area 15,000㎡

Typology The project is to explore and integrate the legacy, ethos and culture

Designer Bohlin Cywinski Jackson

Number of Floors 2 Floors with Partial Basement

tic

Seman

Analysis Guide

o ph al r Mo ogic l-

Semiotic Pragmatic

Verbal

07 08

04 Syntac t

Context l Lexica

01 rip c s De ion t

Reference: Prof. Buthanya Eilouti Research

Evaluation

Recommandation

Refe re nces -

Floor Plans Site Plan

Ground Floor

Section and Elevation

3D Section

Elevation

Lexical Components

2D: ● ● ● ●

Plans Elevation Program Elements

3D:

● 3D Form

Plans Site Plan

Orientation: The west Village building has a form of oriented rectangle with pure angles (no extrusions ). The reason the building is oriented to the north side because to take advantage of the good natural light and to respect the site boundaries. Square: Phase two building has rectangle shape that was divided into two parts. The entrance part was pushed in front to emphasise the entrance and to create the illusion of private place

Pure: The football field planned to be pure rectangle to follow the recreational building design

Rectangle : The Swimming pool planned to be pure rectangle

Irregular Rectangle: The main building is about one rectangle that was divided into 3 parts and the middle part was pushed behind to enhance the entrance

Rectangle and square: to make the parking lots easy to be accessible

Irregular Parking Lots: Because the site was enlarged recently and in result Pixar didn't want to cut or remove the vegetation so what left over from the land was turned to extra Organic shape mixed with parking lots circular shape: self centring amphitheater continued with organic shape to break the circular shape.

Plans Ground Floor

The interior Divisions was rectangular to follow the building shape and scaled with the user needs while following a specific grid pattern.

West Village

Reference Plan

Legend: Staff Use: Mix Use: Employes Use: 41

Plans

Extracted part for interior garden to be connected with the outdoor

Ground Floor

The flexibility of dimensioning offered by rectangular grid which was in purpose to define the work zone combined with the mixed used spaces

Phase Two Building

Reference Plan

Legend: Staff Use: Mix Use: Employes Use: 42

Plans Ground Floor

The Middle part was craved to create a huge volume inside the building which was used to the purpose of central atrium with L-shaped offices to make it practical work zone and enhance the social attraction

Main Building

Reference Plan

Legend: Staff Use: Mix Use: Employes Use:

Push for entrance emphasis 43

Elevation Rectangular shapes different sizes

As Well as the main building Mostly the elevation is void volumes combined with the solid volumes to maximize the daylight

Section

North-South Diagram Section

East-West Diagram Section

Programming Retail

Flex Studio

Professional training

Reception

Digital tech labs

Animation Camp Screening Theater

Webcast Studio

Pixar Animation Studios

Lounge Storage

Event Space Retail Collaborative Leased Workspace Shared Resources and Spaces

Co-Workers

Active Workplace

Reception WC Lounge

Digital Media Equipment Library Host

Storage

Programming Outdoor Theater and Gathering Space

Retail

Informal Digital Media Collaboration Spaces

Reception

Retail Space

WELCOME CENTER

Community Meeting Space

Lounge

Center for Animators Soda / Coffee Shop

Pixar Animation Studios

Storage

Graphic and Video Art Gallery Interactive Museum

MUSEUM OF ANIMATION

Retail

Recreation of 1922 Laugh-O-Gram Studio

Reception

Global Attraction / Destination

Rotation of Disney and Other Animation-Focused Exhibits

Lounge

Small Classic Film Screening Disney KC Tour Headquarters

Storage

3D Form Analysis - Exterior

The plan is rectangular shape as well as the exterior Facade

Basic Geometrical Forms

3D Form Analysis - Interior

Rectangle shape at the exterior and irregular divisions at the interior depending on the zones

Syntactic Assembly Method

2D:

Zoning ● Typology ● Enclosure ●

3D:

Spatial Organization ● Style ●

Zoning Site Plan

Legend: Main Building West Village Phase 2 Building Recreation Area Electric Room

Mechanical\ Maintenance Room

Security Area Football Field Amphitheater Parking Bicycle Parking Swimming Pool Entrey

Analysis: The Site plan include functional interrelationships between zones – certain Buildings have an adjacency relationship to one another such as the Workshops and offices building (West Village) and the studio Recording and ﬁnalizing the movie building (Phase 2 Building) the recreational building is set between them to allow the staff to rest and drink coffee before moving to the phase 2 building. While the Main Building is located at the center near to the parking lots and 45th street to be near and easy to access since its the most used building.

Zoning Ground Floor

Legend (Main Building Building) Work Space Atrium Computer Science Offices Reception Cafes Lounge WC Resources Room Employees Mail Boxes Offices from other fields Two 40 Seats Viewing Room Theater Staff Rest Area Visitors Room (VIP) Entrey Fire Escape

Analysis: The main Building: the huge atrium is located at the center of the building to be connected between the working area and the commercial part to enhance the socialization and visual connectivity since its mixed used building between offices and commercial zones for visitors

Zoning Ground Floor

Legend (West Village Building) Offices Screening Room Computer Labs WC Cafe Reception Area Kitchen Working Space Meeting Room Exhibition Storage Art Studio Entrey Fire Escape

Analysis: The West Village Building: this building could be named as phase 1 building where the animators work there to start brainstorming for the movies. The offices is adjacent to the screening room and near to working space to have a clear circulation while the administration area is adjacent to each other.

Zoning Ground Floor

Legend (Recreation Building) Staff Rest Area Lounge WC Cafe Reception Area Security Entrey Fire Escape

Analysis: Recreational Building: this building was planned only for staff to rest. While the lounge and cafes is located at the middle part of the building to be connected between the administration zone and the rest area zone.

Zoning Ground Floor

Legend ( Phase 2 Building) Recording Studio Screening Room Theatre WC Camera Room Reception Area Dark Room Green Screen Room Meeting Room Conference Room Storage Animators Offices Music Recording Room Work Space Entrey Fire Escape

Analysis: Phase 2 Building: all the studio functions is located at this building where they start to record and ﬁnalize the movie. The recording room is adject to the screening room with a common storage for the supplies and control room. While the screen room is near to the dark room for common uses and the working zones that contains (offices, meeting rooms,animators offices, work space) is located to the left side to be close to each other for easy accessibility.

Typology Ground Floor

Legend: Offices Commercial Administration Private Services Land Use Entertainment Entrey Fire Escape

Typology First Floor

Legend: Offices Commercial Administration Private Services Land Use Entertainment Entrey Fire Escape

Enclosure How outdoor spaces are enclosed with indoor spaces? The open space used around the building surroundings is eye catching. The design are more involved in indoor activities to create an open environment.

Enclosure Fully Enclosed Space at 90 degree angle

Open Space Semi-Open Space Closed Space

Enclosure

Not to disconnect the occupants from the identity and sense of community. Creating a sense of community for those that so often feel marginalized by the rest of society.

A secure, safe environment while still allowing freedom of movement. 61

Spatial Organization

Grid organization Spaces organized within the field of a structure grid and framework

Grid Layout Spaces organized within the ﬁeld of a structure grid and framework

Spatial Organization

Flat Planes

Exposed Steel Structure

Style

●

● Mid-Century Contemporary Industrial

Large Windows A bond with Nature (wood material)

Morphological Modeling Aesthetic

2D: ● ● ● ●

Facade Treatment Entrance Emphasis Texture Color Scheme

3D:

● Massing 3D Compositions

Facade Treatment

Masonry Wall: To

reﬂect a contemporary industrial aesthetic and non-combustible product and can protect the building from ﬁre.

Wooden Louvers at the back of the building for shading

These natural materials are used throughout the site and campus to maintain the client’s language, quality and culture.

Low emissivity Glass: To minimize

the amount of infrared and ultraviolet light that comes through the glass, without minimizing the amount of light that enters the building

Texture

Cement

Bricks

The use of rough textures and belongs to the same category (Rocks, earthy materials) to reﬂect more of minimalist industrial illusion.

Masonry Glass

Rock

Interior

Exterior

Entrance Emphasis

Atrium is the huge open space inside the building which is 56 feet x 25 feet. To highlight the main entrance of the building and also act as a central hub for the campus.

Entrance Emphasis

Atrium is the huge open space inside the building which is 56 feet x 25 feet. To highlight the main entrance of the building and also act as a central hub for the campus.

Pushed Volume to emphasize the main Entrance 71

Color Scheme Interior\Exterior

Earth Color Scheme To create active, passive, and neutral environment for the workers and visitors

Central Atrium for main plain regular geometrical circulation

clusters made of small private offices with “open” clusters for internship

3D Massing Composition Extruded element for Shading purposes

Semantic Meanings

2D:

● Impression ● Characters

3D:

● Flow Space ● Vision ● Lights

Impressions The building is organized as a small city, uniﬁed by a network of interior streets and common gathering spaces. The building fosters a sense of community, connection and creative collaboration at all scales, from informal lounges and small breakout spaces to building-wide amenities such as a theater, café, roof garden and central hearth. The design affords maximum freedom to individuals and creative teams to tailor workspace to their needs, while ensuring that everyone has opportunities to engage with one another.

Characters The building is designed to give the user the feeling of enjoyable and cosy environment

Flow of Space

●

People enter from the main entrance towards the atrium, then on the sides where the stores and cafes are located with the WC’s

●

On the left and right sides where the open offices are located

●

At the end the main public cinema is located and adjacent on both sides by the screening rooms to test the movie.

Vision and Lighting The headquarters was to be a place that promoted encounters and unplanned collaborations. Given that collaboration has recently been one of the major topics in office design.

Materials: The specificity of of choosing the materials influenced the lighting selections, which were exposed and expressed as a part of the industrial aesthetic. Natural Lighting : Low E-Glass to avoid heat and give access to natural light Artificial Lighting: A flexible lighting system spotlights rotating artwork in the conference center while high efficiency fluorescent fixtures illuminate

Semiotic Massages

2D:

● Concept

3D:

● Symbols and Landmarks

4D:

● Memorable items

Concept The design concept is to maximize the freedom to individuals also the collaboration of the employees to provide imaginary and creative movies. As well as the user experience to feel comfort and joy and unforgettable experience.

Symbols, Landmarks and Memorable Items ●

The building is full of characters ﬁgures from movies that was created by Pixar Animation Studios to give the building joyable feeling.

●

At the entrance they added a huge landmark to attract people to take pictures and to be seen even from far away distance

The building itself gives a memorable feeling by providing a minimalist design with the huge ﬁgures that will not make children remember it but as well as adults

Programmatic Function and Context

2D:

● Functional Solutions

3D:

● Sustainable Solutions ● Landscape

4D: ● Social Interactions

Functional Solutions ● Pixar architect always felt that the best meetings were those that happened spontaneously in the hallways.

● Depending on the physical space for these collision to happen.

Functional Solutions ●

In both of Pixar’s main buildings, there is a big central atrium on the ﬁrst ﬂoor which conference rooms face, and extending from that space are plain regular geometrical clusters made of small private offices with “open” clusters for internship desks positioned in the center of these offices.

●

Commercial zones also in the atrium to draw the attraction of the employees from their offices to the atrium to sensuously meet each other

Sustainable Solutions

●

Saw tooth roof to take advantage of the natural lighting with solar panels that makes the building energy efficient

●

Central Atrium for maximum lighting and ventilation

●

Greenery with huge landscape to reduce the urban heat

●

renewable \ local materials

Sustainable Solutions LEED Silver Certiﬁcate ●

Improved and enhanced recycling, composting and waste reduction fuel cell to help supplement electricity use throughout the campus. This provides clean, quiet, efficient and reliable on-site power generation with minimal

●

Greenery huge landscape to reduce the urban heat ●

●

renewable \ local materials

Natural lighting \ sustainable artiﬁcial lighting (LED, lumineers , etc) 89

Landscape

●

The site is 70% greenery

●

The use of the landform (topography) with the consideration of convex and concave spaces to create visual connectivity

Social Interaction

●

The central atrium with seating areas and cafes that strongly enhance the social interactions

●

The landscape is full with different activities such as amphitheater, garden, swimming pool, football and basketball ﬁeld that is also a strong landscape design for welcoming environment.

Verbal Motion

2D:

● Circulation Study

3D:

● Construction & Structure System

Circulation (Horizontal - Site Plan)

Legend: General People Path VIP Path Employees Path Entrey

Circulation (Horizontal - Main Building) Legend: General People Path VIP Path Employees Path Entrey Fire Escape

Circulation (Vertical - Emergency System)

Emergency System

Vertical Circulation

Constructional and Structural System ● ● ● ●

R.C construction Steel-frame building (Span 40m max) Glass panels Open ceiling with exposed structural steel that was Welded rather than Bolted (Welded

joints are normally stronger than bolted joints, in great part because their material does not have the perforations needed for bolted joints)

● ● ●

Fully exposed mechanical and electrical systems Steel ﬂoating bridges and stairs are silhouetted against illuminated brick walls. Two way slab and beam

Evaluation Strengths and Weaknesses

01 ➔ ➔

➔ ➔ ➔

➔

Strengths

Eco-Friendly building Encourage to interact with people from the design layout and interior design. Well- Studied zoning Emergency exists and safety was considered Highly consideration for natural lighting, artiﬁcial lighting and ventilation. Highly consideration for clarifying the circulation for employes and visitors Cozy character for the building to make the animators feels comfortable Highly productive space by its lighting and offices design

02 ➔ ➔ ➔ ➔ ➔

Weaknesses

ADA consideration wasn't well applied WC’s wasn't distributed well Many narrow corridors Big scale atrium that require maintenance Weak cultural Reﬂection

Recommendation

100

Redesign the plan layout to reduce the narrow corridors that sometimes could be boring and will make the user feel uncomfortable.

Consider all the ADA standards.

More terraces should be added.

Functions should be near to the same building for easy accessibility

Only one parking lots space which is far away from the last two buildings

Activity zones should be separated far away to not distract the studio recordings

Studios and theater should have thicker walls 101

Highlighted Features Five Highlighted Features

102

● Double Heights ( Atrium) ● Natural Features

(Landscape) ● Entrance Emphasis ● Unique Moment (User

Experience) ● Structural System

103

P I X A R

A T R I U M

104

Double Height ( Atrium) The architect believed that “If a building doesn't encourage collaboration you’ll lose a lot of innovation and the magic that’s sparked by serendipity”. Therefore, it was designed to make people get out of their offices and mingle in the central atrium with other people they might not otherwise see.

Social Interaction

Creativity

Excellent Collaboration

105

Architect Vision The architect vision was to enhance the collaboration and people entraction for high quality and healthy environment. Meaning that people who naturally isolate themselves would be forced to have great conversations even if it took place while washing their hands.

106

Why Atrium? The atrium might seem like a waste of space but the architect thought when people run into each other, when they make eye contact things happen.

So did it work? Pixar’s Animation Studio has won the most building that promoted collaboration and creativity as well as this one!

107

P I X A R L A N D S C A P E

108

Topography and Uses Though most companies do not have the ability to develop a major campus landscaping plan, Pixar wished to use their 20-acre campus as a special, uniﬁed place carved out of the surrounding urban context. “The landscape, designed by Peter Walker Partners, is agrarian than manicured in character, with many seemingly undiscovered places to walk, sit and talk, or eat lunch.

Landscape Involve: These amenities were meant to keep his young animation staff happy and animated and spend more time there 600 Seat

Flower Cutting Gardens

Jogging Trail

900 Parking Lots

Olympic-Sized Swimming pool

Organic Vegetable Garden for the Chef

Outdoo r Amphit heater

Soccer Field Basketball Court Volleyball Court

109

P I X A R E N T R A N C E

110

Entrance Emphasis (2D , 3D) Recognize

The main building is huge and placed north and west sides which are close to three main streets

Pathways

Designed pathways for visitors and employees to easily ﬁnd their way to the main building.

Activity

The main activities are usually done in front the main building such as the amphitheatre which is near to the main entrance while the main stairs for the front door are pointing at the amphitheater

Form

The highest and largest building is the main that are led by the landscape design to expose the main entrance of the main building

Split

Emphasize a duality between the building program while the middle part is pushed behind to guide the people to the main entrance and lead them to the commercial zone.

Welcome

Large skylights atrium at the center where the main entrance is located to enter fresh air and natural light for the visitors

111

P I X A R E X P E R I E N C E

112

User Experience

Sensory Design

The design was to meet the user needs as well as the unique experience while providing the needed functions with special design to achieve the maximum comfort for the user

Functionality

Objectives User Needs

113

User Experience

Office Spaces That Live and Breathe Many offices are arranged in U-shaped units of 5-6 individual offices – with a central gathering area in the middle that brings the idea of the creating unplanned collaboration down to a smaller, workspace-sized concept.

114

User Experience

Hidden Speakeasy The organic creativity manifested itself was in the creation of a hidden speakeasy known as the Lucky 7 Lounge – which has been visited by many special visitors.

115

P I X A R S T R U C T U R E

116

Structure System The architects used cold-rolled, bead-blasted steel, and all connections are custom-bolted, not welded, purely for aesthetics sake. Also Because the building’s steel beams were going to be visible

Why Steel Structure? For industrial aesthetic suitable to both the physical context and technical creativity of the company. The structure, designed for a staff of 600, has a large atrium at its core that acts as a central piazza for the campus. Activated by the lobby, conference rooms, lounges and cafe, this dynamic town center links office spaces, as well as a formal, 250-seat theater at one end.

117

Walt Disney Concert Hall General Info The project, a combination of political and managerial impediments threatened its realization.

Year 1999-2003

Location Los Angeles, United States

Users Employees, Designers, Families, Kids

Area

18,500㎡ Typology Dynamic look and feeling

Designer

Frank Gehry

Number of Floors 2 Floors with Partial Basement

118

tic

Seman

Analysis Guide

o ph al r Mo ogic l-

Semiotic Pragmatic

Verbal

07 08

04 Syntac t

Context l Lexica

01 rip c s De ion t

Reference: Prof. Buthanya Eilouti Research

Evaluation

Recommandation

Refe re nces -

119

Concept Morphosis Internal and External Forces

120

External Forces:

Internal Forces:

●

Sitting

●

Program Mapping

●

Orientation

●

Functional Solution

●

Axiality

●

Spatial Zoning/Organization

●

Accessibility

●

Flow of Space

●

Views

●

Circulation Scheme

●

Contextual ﬁtting

●

Building System

●

Urban Fitting

●

Anthropometrics/Ergonomic

●

Environmental Fitting

●

Social Involvement

●

Cultural Expression

121

External Forces - Sitting Different heights: The work has a "spirit of experimentation” coupled with a respect for the demands of professional practice and not aligned with any architectural styles or movements

High Large Volume: To make it landmark of LA and to follow the tones of music by parallel X, Y axis

Capturing the motion : representing musical movement, Gehry created an exterior composed of curvilinear forms that seem to dance both on and above the site

122

External Forces - Sitting Transition Between Interior and Exterior: Designed as one large volume, the interior space allows the occupants to be in the same space. This allows for a sense of intimacy within the spaces.

To Exterior From Interior

123

External Forces - Orientation

The building's orientation, combined with the curving and folding exterior walls, will present highly sculptural compositions that wrap the entire building, presenting multiple facades to the surrounding neighborhood. .

124

External Forces - Axility Between Buildings Leading lines that direct straight to the point

Landscape Pavement that are connected to road to lead the vitisots Main Entrance Sharp focal Intersection at the building mass and glazing facade above the steel shell to guide the user to the entrance 125

External Forces - Accessibility Legend:

Site Commercial Unused land

Two entrances becomes the most practical access

The site’s current traffic circulation allows the design processes to consider the facility’s accessibility. There are four ways to enter the site.

This entrance serves as a connector for the commercial businesses that line

Back entry which cars coming directly from highway.

126

External Forces - Accessibility Landscape highlights the main entrance

The solids blocks from entrance to lead to the main entrance

The surrounding buildings helps to lead the visitor

127

External Forces - Views Construction View

Mall View

Media Production

Resort View

Institutional View

128

External Forces - Views

129

External Forces - Contextual Fitting Standing Out or Fitting In? Walt Disney Concert Hall is signature design style to be identiﬁed, for the quality of materials and details to outshine those around it. this architectural structure was to insert itself into its context looking to be the star it stand out for the sake of standing out.

130

External Forces - Urban Fitting Hight fitting

Positive intersection represent a major axis that help to lead into the building easily including pertain path and vehicle path

Street Pattern : Loose Grid Site: Rectangle boundaries To respect the urban pattern

The surrounded buildings it highly active buildings in result it helps to lead to Walt Disney Concert Hall.

131

External Forces - Environmental Fitting

The Walt Disney Concert Hall in Los Angeles, California, is a beautiful building that has become an icon in Los Angeles. However it initially caused serious damage to the surrounding buildings by redirecting sunlight and overheating them. However the mirror-like ﬁnish of the panels coupled with the building’s concave proﬁle caused a severe glare problem for the neighboring condominiums. As a result air-conditioning costs increased and parts of the sidewalk heated up to almost 150° F .

132

External Forces - Environmental Fitting ●

Double levels in the building utilize air conditioning systems while others are naturally ventilated.

●

The levels with operable windows have ﬂoor slabs that are shaped to bring in the natural breeze at a controlled speed.

●

The entire building is clad with a high performance façade composed to perforated metal sun screens to reduce solar heat gain while providing natural light and ventilation to the interior spaces.

●

Realizing that natural light makes a workplace exponentially better, the architects were able to illuminate 85% of the workplace with natural light.

133

External Forces - Social Involvement Surroundings: ● ● ● ● ●

Animation Theater Cafes Shopping centers Restaurants Public Park

On the Site: ● ● ● ● ● ●

Social Lounges Restaurants Cafes Garden Outdoor kids amphitheater Outdoor adults apmatheater

134

External Forces - Cultural Expression Appropriately "Disney," the change in momentum gave the story a magical ending, proving that LA could come together to create a civic icon. It was also a reminder that Grand Avenue was once called Charity Street.

Many look at what Downtown LA has become because of this historic building. Walt Disney Concert Hall, a symbol for Los Angeles and a testament to the cultural force of this city.

135

Internal Forces - Program Mapping (Ground Floor) Garden

Offices

Amphitheater

Concert Hall

Main Entrance

Gift Shop Stairs to garden Parking Back Stage

Admin

136

Internal Forces - Program Mapping (First Floor) Seates Concert Hall Stage

Back Stage

137

Internal Forces - Functional Solution The auditorium is the focal point of the plan (Most used function)

90 degree angles for the offices section to be more practical. The use of Wasted angels to useful functions

No Dead Ends ADA consideration (huge spaces, free to move )

138

Internal Forces - Functional Solution high acoustics properties.

The building shell which consists of a series of interconnected volumes therefore it caused many wasted spaces but even though it was well designed

Lobbies Distributed Everywhere

139

Internal Forces - Spatial Zoning\ Organization

Patrons entering at Grand Avenue (oppo- site) mix with those arriving from the garage (under skylight) amid lobby "tree" forms. They ascend the escalator at left to arrive at the main lobby (above), which leads to three upper levels, each of which offers Piranesian vistas across the skylightdappled atria that wrap the auditorium.

140

Internal Forces - Flow of Space Inside the corrugated metal shell and the seeming disorder, is developing the program in four functional levels. The main access is via a large public space that is generated in the same spot. The hall is accessible from the street. From there we reach the various spaces of the complex. Behind and around the box that makes up the auditorium are located support areas and dressing rooms.

141

Internal Forces - Flow of Space Towards the south side, on a volume prismatic lengthened, the offices are located. The most important space within the complex is the auditorium for 2265 people. This room was designed with extreme care in the acoustic quality. Another important area of the complex is the multi-purpose hall Roy and Edna Disney. Is aimed at the California Institute of Arts with capacity for 266 spectators.

142

Internal Forces - Flow of Space

The building has also two amphitheaters. The ﬁrst has 300 seats and is used for children’s shows. The second is capacity for 120 spectators.

143

Internal Forces - Circulation Scheme

144

Internal Forces - Circulation Scheme

The building occupants access to speciﬁc areas including internal and external circulation (Stairs,Ramps, and elevators)

145

Internal Forces - Building System

At ﬁrst the architect Frank Gehry wanted to use stone for the structural system but then after studies it turns out it's too heavy and will limit the unique organic shape so he decided to use stainless Steel Structural System

146

Internal Forces - Building System Materials To coat the outer surfaces were used corrugated 12,500 pieces of steel together on the outside. No two equal parts, as each piece takes a unique form of agreement to their location. In areas outside of regular forms, the stone was used. Glass surfaces function as a liaison between the various volumes. The interior of the auditorium and rooms, is lined with ﬁr wood. This is the same type of wood that is used in the back of violoncelos and violas. Here was used in ﬂoors, walls and ceilings.

147

Internal Forces - Ergonomic Consideration Vertical Expansion Responsive design Passive system

abi tain Sus

Place-Making Social sustainability Landscape Design Reduced pollution

mic

● ● ● ●

ono Erg

Environment

lity

● ● ●

Building

● ● ● ● ●

Comfort Functionality Health Flexibility Multi-use

Human

148

Internal Forces - Ergonomic Consideration

Vertical Expansion Place-Making Social Sustainability

Comfort Health Responsive design Functionality Multi-use

Flexibility

149

Highlighted Features Five Highlighted Features

150

● Auditorium (Acoustic Consideration) ● Facade Treatment ● Construction & HVAC ● Flow of Space (User Experience)

● Form Complexitcity

151

Auditorium and Acoustics Consideration The Concert Hall consists of a SHOEBOX-SHAPED auditorium swathed in a swirling, steel-clad cloak. The 2,265-seat concert hall is the physical heart and musical soul of the building. Gehry worked closely to achieve a design that produces optimum acoustics by BALANCING DIRECT AND REFLECTED SOUND.

A series of short acoustic walls among the seats create A TERRACED EFFECT known as a VINEYARD DESIGN. The fanciful colors of the upholstery are meant to give the sense of a ﬁeld of wildﬂowers. Three different kinds of WOOD create the distinct acoustics to create an intimate sound in a large space WITHOUT AMPLIFICATION.

152

Auditorium and Acoustics Consideration

The radically sculptured design of the WDCH's main auditorium features a curved wood ceiling consisting of many individually shaped panels, each made from DOUGLAS FIR WOOD. The curves of the ceiling and the ﬂow of the interior walls actually improve the acoustics' by scattering the sound and producing more reﬂection, adding warmth and resonance to the sound.

The abundance of CONVEX FORMS throughout the concert hall create a near perfect acoustic environment with over 38,000 reﬂective faces.

153

Auditorium and Acoustics Consideration FINISHING MATERIALS @ 500 Hz Ceiling :Douglas Fir 0.14 Wall : Douglas Fir 0.17 Floor : Oak 0.10 Seats : Upholstered 0.88 After analyzing the coefficients of absorption we have determined that the Disney Concert Hall space is indeed live.

This graph provided by Nagata Acoustics depicts the reverberation times of the Disney Concert Hall at different frequency levels and occupancy.

154

Auditorium and Acoustics Consideration Solutions:

1. ADJUSTABLE HEIGHT ACOUSTIC CEILING PANELS The Suspended Ceiling Panels work quite well with the convex shape that they have, though they only provide a specific range of resonance that is only effectively changed by the size of the audience. 2. Removable Seating Though the various tiers of seating are well placed and improve the reverberation in this space 3. Convex Balcony Facades balcony facades are just a flat angled surface. These edges could be redesigned to provide a better range for reflection of sound.

155

Facade Treatment

The outer shells were used 12,500 pieces of steel together on the outside. Each piece was costume-made.

Previously this creative and unique facade was a huge issue because it caused glare which was dangerous for people’s health and cars. Therefore, it was treated later by coating it and adding solar cells to beneﬁt from the heat absorption.

156

Structural System and HVAC Due to the low surface area of windows versus the high surface area of the corrugated steel, there is only 1.96% sunlight that enters the building. Most of the sunlight enters through the lobby and ﬁrst ﬂoor.

Based on typical HVAC systems and the above diagrams, it is assumed the major pipes for the system are above the auditorium and continue around the other areas of the building.

The steel roof structure spans the entire space, eliminating the need for interior columns. The organ stands at the front of the hall, a bouquet of 6,134 curved pipes extending nearly to the ceiling.

157

Flow of Space (User Experience)

158

Form Complexity

The exterior is a composition of undulating and angled forms, symbolizing musical movement and the motion of Los Angeles. Each Steel Piece was in different size and shape. The custom curvature demanded a highly speciﬁc steel structure, including box columns tilted forward at 17º on the building’s north side. Finally, to reach this design it took 30,000 Architectural drawing

159

Evaluation Strength and Weaknesses

160

01 ➔ ➔ ➔

➔ ➔

Strengths

Landmark for LA because of the complex form The best awarded auditorium due to the acoustic study No wasted space though the building is organically complex Encourage to social corrabtration ADA consideration

02 ➔

➔

Weaknesses

No enough windows the building mostly solid Facade used to be a huge problem because of glare Little amount of sustainable strategies was applied The facade costed a lot of money because of the steel pieces was costumed made No dead ends

161

Recommendation

162

To consider sustainable stages more

Add more windows

Find a solution for the wasted angels

To make the roof accessible or turn it into green roof

Reduce the building size to make use of the landscape that encourage social interactions more

To ﬁnd better solutions for the facade , materials and masses to make it eco-friendly and cost efficient

163

05 PHASE 5

164

-Programming

165

Flow of Chart

166

Programme Manager Offices

management

Secretary Open office Closed office Collaborative Leased Workspace

employees

Saudi Animation Studios

Departments

Admin

Shared Resources and Spaces Active Workplace Digital Media Equipment Library Host

HR PR Financial Security IT Maintenance Animators Directors Programmers

Meeting

Conventional A/V Conference

167

Programme Shops

Commercial

Ticket desk Vending machines ATM

Gym Kids\Adults beauty Spa

Saudi Animation Studios

WC Storage

Trash Room

Services Kitchen Engineering

Welcom e Center

Freezing Stores

Informal Digital Media Collaboration Spaces

Food Storage Plumbing Room Electric Room Generator Room

Retail Space Community Meeting Space Center for Animators Coffee Shop Graphic and Video Art Gallery

168

Programme Kids\adults Classrooms

Lounge

Gaming Zone

Digital tech labs Animation Camp Studios

Screening Theater

Screening Room

Webcast Studio Event Space

Saudi Animation Studios

Professional Training

Music Recording Studio

Recording Studio

Audio Recording Studio

Camera Room Outdoor Theater and Gathering Space Restaurants Outdoor Facilities

Dark Room Green Screen Room

Concert Hall Performance\Concert Hall

Horizontal Circulation Vertical

Court

Atrium Corridor Travelator

Stair Elevator Escalator Ramp Traveler

169

Space Infographic Sheet

170

171

Space

Function

Outdoor Concert Hall/ Performance Hall

Enhancement of solo and orchestral music. By providing moderate amounts of reverberation at all frequencies to provide sustain and fullness to music, the walls, floors and ceilings have little absorption.

Area (m^2) Occupants Orientation Shape 200m^2 2150ft^2

N/A

The occupant load of seating shall be based on one person for each 2ft ------Occupant Load Factor: 2ft ------2150/2=1075ft Max capacity

With COVID-19 = 1075/2 = 538ft Max Capacity

Requirements -

Daylight but shaded Noise absorption materials: glass wool, acoustic tile sheet , mineral wool boards, pulp boards , compressed fiber boards , perforated boards. Fan shaped plan for excellent acoustics Adjacent services and equipments Sloped floors , fixed seats ABILITY TO ADJUST SOUND LEVELS Flexibility

Relationship Support spaces

backstage

Concert Hall

Restaurants Cafe

Ticket booth

Layout- In

Images - Out

Space

Function

Animation Studio

An animation studio is a Studio producing animated media. It needs physical equipment for production, employ operators for that equipment, and hold a major stake in the sales or rentals of the media produced.

Area (m^2) Occupants Orientation Shape 80m^2 861ft^2

North

The occupant load of seating shall be based on one person for each 2.9ft ------Occupant Load Factor: 2.9ft ------861/2.9=297ft Max capacity

With COVID-19 = 297/2 = 149ft Max Capacity

Requirements -

Daylight needed Noise absorption materials L-shaped and square form for more collaboration Adjacent services and equipments Near to recording and other studio functions Flexibility High efficient lighting

Relationship Recording Studio Cafe Recreational Area

Camera Room

Animation Studio WC

Layout- In

Images - Out

Space

Function

Animation Exhibition

An animation Exhibition is an organized presentation and display of a selection of items

Area (m^2) Occupants Orientation Shape 100m^2 1076ft^2

The occupant load of seating shall be based on one person for each 2.9ft ------Occupant Load Factor: 2.9ft ------1076/2.9=371ft Max capacity

North/East

With COVID-19 = 371/2 = 185ft Max Capacity

Requirements -

Daylight not necessary Noise absorption materials Open space for easy circulation Adjacent services and equipments Near to storages Flexibility in moving the staff and visitors High efficient lighting and the use of different lighting types such as ambient lighting and task lighting

Relationship Show Rooms

Lobby

Animation Exhibition

Storages Special Display

Layout- In

Images - Out

Space

Function

Welcome Center

A center specializes only for visitors and it must have a tangible feeling that the user won't forget and include many different facilities such as kids play room, cafes, restaurant ,retails and events occur

Area (m^2) Occupants Orientation Shape

Requirements -

Daylight is a must Noise absorption materials Open space for easy circulation Adjacent cafes and restaurant Near to services Flexibiliable visitors movement High efficient artificial lighting and natural lighting

180m^2 1937ft^2

The occupant load of seating shall be based on one person for each 2.9ft ------Occupant Load Factor: 2.9ft ------1937/2.9=667ft Max capacity

North/East

With COVID-19 = 667/2 = 333t Max Capacity

Relationship Retails

Kids Area

Welcome Center

Cafes and Restaurants Event Space

Layout- In

Images - Out

Space Emplacement Table

180

181

Space

Entry

Parking

Service

View

Daylight

Outdoor

Manger Office

Secretary Office

Offices

Gym

Gaming Room

Cafe

Restaurant

Orientation N N\E N\E E W N/A N

Public

Private

Legend:

No Need Need Not Connected Near Adjacent

182

Space

Entry

Parking

Service

View

Daylight

Outdoor

Outdoor Concert Hall/Performance Hall

Auditorium

Info desk Tickets

Kids play Area

IMAX theater

Exhibit

Shops - Retails

Orientation N S N\A N S N\E N\A

Public

Private

Legend:

No Need Need Not Connected Near Adjacent

183

Space

Entry

Parking

Service

View

Daylight

Outdoor

Garden Area

Staff Office

Control Center

Digital tech labs

Screening Theater

Recording Studio

Camera Room

Orientation N/A S S N\A S S S

Public

Private

Legend:

No Need Need Not Connected Near Adjacent

184

Space

Music Recording Studio Audio Recording Studio Dark Room Green screen Room Workshops

Entry

Parking

Service

View

Daylight

Outdoor

Orientation

S\W S\W S\W N\A N\E

Public

Private

Legend:

No Need Need Not Connected Near Adjacent

185

Space Metric Table

186

space

No.

Tentative dimensions (meters)

Area (SQM)

Width

Length

Height

Total area

Shape

Manger Office

Secretary Office

Offices

162

Gym

Gaming Room

Cafe

243

Restaurant Outdoor Concert Hall/Performance Hall Auditorium

120

240

N\A

2400

1200

Info desk Tickets

N\A

Kids play Area

IMAX theater

1200

Exhibit

200

Shops - Retails

Garden Area

N\A

Staff Office

Control Center

160

187

space

No.

Tentative dimensions (meters)

Area (SQM)

Width

Length

Height

Total area

Digital tech labs

Screening Theater

150

Recording Studio

Camera Room

180

Music Recording Studio

Audio Recording Studio

Dark Room

Green screen Room Workshops

Shape

188

Zone

Percentage Min

Max

Circulation

15%

25%

Wall and Structural Elements

10%

Mechanical

10%

Electrical\IT

W.C. (BF W.C., 1/ 100 users)

1.5%

2.5%

Storage & Janitor

0.5%

2.5%

Total

34%

55% 189

Proximity matrix for major spaces

190

Adjacent Nearby Not Adjacent Not Related

191

Zones Percentage

192

15% 10%

10% 15%

20% 30%

193

Bubble Diagram

194

195

Legend:

Performance\ Concert Hall

Private Public Service

Manger

Meeting Room

Semi-Private

Outdoor Facilities

Conference

Adjacent

Near By

Offices

Entry Daylight

Commercial

Cafe

Retail

Admin Main

Ticket desk

Welcome Center

Gym

Beauty Spa

Restaurant

Center for Animators

Services

Studios

Art Gallery

Recording Studio

Shops

Auditorium

No Daylight needed

Community Meeting

Ticket desk

Screening Room

Storage Freezing

Kitchen Camera Room

Green\Dark Room

Engineering

Trash Room

196

Bubble Diagram on the site

Meeting Room

Manger WC

Offices

Auditorium

Community Meeting

Art Gallery

W C

Retail

Welcome Center

Center for Animators

Recording Studio

W C

Screening Room

Admin Main WC

Studios

Camera Room

Green\ Dark Room

Outdoor Facilitie s

Conference

Cafe

Ticket desk

Performanc e\Concert Hall

Services

W C

Shops

Commercial

Ticket desk

Storage

Engineering

Kitchen

Gym Beauty Spa

Restaurant

Freezing

Trash Room

197

Zoning Scheme

198

Legend: Private Public

Outdoor Concert\ Performance hall

Semi-Private Service People Circulation

Beauty Spa

Employee Circulation Staff Circulation Entry

Manger

Conference

Green\Dark Room

Camera Room Recording Studio

Animators Office

Meeting Room WC

Screening Room

Studios

Office

Retail Retail Shops

Admin

Cafe Animators Center Art Gallery WC

Gym

Welcome Center

Ticket Desk WC

Restaurant

Kitchen

Auditorium

Freezing Room \ Trash Room 199

Zoning on the site

Outdoor Concert\ Performance hall

Mange Office r Conference

Green\Dark Room

Camera Room Recording Studio

Animators Office

Meeting Room WC

Screening Room

Studios

Retail Retail

Gym

Shops

Admin Welcome Center

Cafe Animators Center

Beauty Spa

Art Gallery

Ticket Desk

Restaurant

Auditorium

Kitchen Freezing Room \ Trash Room

200

Legend: Private Public Semi-Private Service Vertical Circulation

+12.00

Offices

+8.00

Studios

Atrium

Offices Studios

+4.00

Commercial 0.00 -5.00

Retail

Admin

Auditorium

Technical Services

201

Space Layering

202

Recording Room

Services (WC, storage and electric room)

Screening Theater

Control Room Dark Room

Terrace Recreational Zone (Gaming, Cafe and rest Area)

Green Screen Room Animators Offices

Auditorium IMAX theater Commercial (Cafes, restaurant and retails)

WC Offices

Engineering and Technical Rooms

203

Concept Morphosis Internal and External Forces

204

External Forces:

Internal Forces:

●

Accessibility

●

Program Mapping

●

Views

●

Functional Solution

●

Urban Fitting

●

Spatial Zoning/Organization

●

Environmental Fitting

●

Building System

●

Cultural Expression

●

Anthropometrics/Ergonomic

205

External Forces

1.1 The site is strengthen by the easy accessibility since its located on four sides roads two of them roads while the other is pedestrian walkway, therefore it will be easily connected to the site by different methods. Also provided a path for bikes. 1.2 Curtain wall by the northern- eastern side of the building to have access to natural light while also allowing to see the desirable views such as mixed-used buildings and future events will be located next to the site which will be a good occasionally view. 1.3 The site ﬁts the urban it self by providing positive intersections which allows the user to access the site while balancing between voids and solids which will control glare and shade the site. 1.4 Greenery surroundings the building for eye pleasing color because it gives the user the sense of calm and being away from city pollution. Thus it will helps in heat reduction of the building while also the use natural resources to generate energy ( PV and rain harvesting System) 1.5 Social gathering spaces such as outdoor concert\performing hall. And to make use of the facades by relate it to Qidyya culture and to choose desert color palette

Manger

Performanc e\Concert Hall

Conference

Cafe Art Gallery

Offices

Auditorium

Admin

Welcome Center

Center for Animators Recording Studio

Studios Screenin g Room

Camera Room

Green\ Dark Room

Commercial

Ticket desk

Services

206

1.1

External Forces (Mind Map)

1.2

1.5 Mange r

Performan ce\Concert Hall

Conference

Cafe Art Gallery

1.3

Offices Welcome Center

Center for Animators Recordin g Studio

Screeni ng Room

Auditorium

Admin

Studio s Camer a Room

Commercial

Ticket desk

1.4 Green\ Dark Room

Services

207

1.1 Accessibility

Legend: Main Road Sub-Road Pedestrian Bike Path

208

1.2 Views

209

1.3 Urban Fitting

Positive intersection including pertain path

represent a major axis that help to lead into the building easily , Bikes path and vehicle path

The surrounded buildings it highly active buildings in result it helps to lead to the site. 210

1.3 Urban Fitting (Solid and Void)

The site at the corners is adjacent public spaces and creates continuity from outside to the inside of the site

Organic oriented pattern

211

1.4 Environmental Fitting Rain Harvesting System

Greenery

212

1.5 Cultural Expression Social gathering spaces such as outdoor concert\performing hall. And to make use of the facades by relate it to Qidyya culture and to choose desert color palette

213

Internal Forces

2.1 To benefit from the site surroundings by architectural methods such as benefiting from the surrounding buildings like shadow and light 2.2 By promoting the site to be high valued and near to important places by targeting special users. Also to be near to services which will make the place easy to live and work there. 2.3 The building need to have central courtyard to provide social connectivity and a point where people gather at which will strengthen the site. 2.4 Since the site is on slope and high topography therefore the construction of the building need to be cared for especially the basement. Also to consider the HVAC by making it efficient. While considering the natural and artificial lighting since its an important element in animation studios and special lighting should be applied such as task lighting since the program contain 60% of work zones. 2.5 Ergonomics is an important aspect because the place will welcome different types of people and different ages so therefore, the site and building should consider all types of people.

Manger

Performanc e\Concert Hall

Conference

Cafe Art Gallery

Offices

Auditorium

Admin

Welcome Center

Center for Animators Recording Studio

Studios Screenin g Room

Camera Room

Green\ Dark Room

Commercial

Ticket desk

Services

214

2.1

Internal Forces (Mind Map)

2.2

2.5

Mange r

Performan ce\Concert Hall

Conference

Cafe Art Gallery

2.3

Offices Welcome Center

Center for Animators Recordin g Studio

Screeni ng Room

Auditorium

Admin

Studio s Camer a Room

Green\ Dark Room

Commercial

Ticket desk

Services

2.4

215

2.1 Program Mapping (Site Surroundings)

Legend: Residential Commercial Governmental Mixed-use Institonal

216

2.1 Program Mapping (People’s Needs) Exercise Spiritual

Environmental Emotional

Social Intellectual

Vocational

217

2.1 Program Mapping (Design Principles) 1.Sustainable Community

2.Sense of Community

3.Physical Well Being

218

2.2 Functional Solution

Services (WC, storage and electric room)

Recording Room

Screening Theater

Terrace

Recreational Zone Auditorium IMAX theater Commercial

Green Screen Room

Control Room Dark Room

Animators Offices WC Offices

Engineering and Technical Rooms

219

2.2 Functional Solution (Typology)

Animators ﬂoor including all the animation functions and offices

Part for commercial and administrative offices Part for animators functions such as ﬁlming studios and screening rooms adjacent to IMAX theater

Basement for engineering and services

220

2.2 Functional Solution (Central Courtyard) Social Interaction Environmentally Friendly Spiritual separation between functions Visual Connectivity

221

2.2 Functional Solution (Topography)

To make the building adapt the topography form Building are shaped and combined with the topography

222

2.3 Spatial Zoning

Athletic Zone

Pedestrian walk

way

Cafe

Restaurant

Event Parking gathering zone Kids Area Outdoor Concert\performance hall

Pedest

Animation Building Main Building Theater building

rian wa l

kway 223

2.4 Building System (Basement Structure) Waffle Slab

Steel Columns with Pad Foundation

Wall Footing 224

2.4 Building System

(Ground and Upper Floors)

Flat Slab Steel I-Beams

Steel Columns with Pad Foundation

225

Roof

2.4 Building System (HVAC)

First Floor

Boiler Perimeter Air Ground Floor

Hot Air Cold Air Cooling Tower

Basement

226

Roof

2.4 Building System (Natural Lighting )

First Floor

Ground Floor

Basement

227

Ambient Lighting LED Lighting Wall Mounted Lighting Spot Lighting Task Lighting

2.4 Building System (Artiﬁcial Lighting )

Surface Fluorescent Track lighting

Services (WC, storage and electric room)

Screening Theater

Control Room

Terrace Recreational Zone (Gaming, Cafe and rest Area)

Recording Room

Green Screen Room

Dark Room Animators Offices

Auditorium IMAX theater

WC Offices

Commercial (Cafes, restaurant and retails)

Engineering and Technical Rooms

228

2.5 Ergonomics 190cm 180cm

130cm 60 cm

175cm

229

06 PHASE 6

230

-Site Analysis -Site Context

231

Location

Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

City

Makkah AlMukarramah Rd

Street

24.51015424 1141556

Longitude

46.34774511 0963515

Latitude 232

Site Location

Saudi Arabia Qiddya, Riyadh

233

Deﬁne The Location

234

1. Site Location 2. Accessibility 3. Points of Interest 4. Services

235

1. Site Directions

Riyadh To Qiddya: 47 minutes

Riyadh To Qiddya: 30 minutes

Qiddya, Saudi Arabia

236

2. Accessibility

-Well Accessible to network -Well Accessible Urban fabric

237

3. Points of Interest

Plateau view

Deers and Animals Landscaping

Natural Elements 238

Health

School

4. Services

Cinemas Hotels

Site Outlet Mall

25m

80m 115m

239

Direct Context

240

1. Site 2. Surroundings

241

1.Site As a Whole

Site Location

242

2.Surroundings Site

Hotel s

Residenti al Health

Mix Used

Mix Used Cinemas

School

Outlet Mall

243

Tangible Factors

244

1. Climate (Sun, Temperature,

Humidity, Perception) 2. Terrain (Topography, Soil, Elevation) 3. Landscape ( Water, Vegetation) 4. Landlot (Shape and measurements)

245

The longest day of the year is 13:32 long and the shortest day is 10:27 long. The longest day is 3:04 longer than the shortest day. At midday the sun is on average 65.6° above the horizon at Riyadh.

SUMMER SOLSTICE

1.Climate (Winter and Summer Sun)

WINTER SOLSTICE

246

The longest day of the year is 13:32 long and the shortest day is 10:27 long. The longest day is 3:04 longer than the shortest day. At midday the sun is on average 65.6° above the horizon at Riyadh.

1.Climate (Solar Exposure and Daylight)

247

1.Climate (Temperature)

Max Temperature at August Low Temperature at January

On Average: ▫ ▫

July is the most sunny. March has the lowest amount of sunshine.

▫ ▫

August is the hottest month

▫

Average annual amount of sun hours is: 3230.0 hours

January is the coldest month

248

1.Climate (Rain and Perception)

Al Qiddya has dry periods yearly ● On average, April is the wettest month. ● On average, September is the driest month. The average amount of annual precipitation is: 71.0 mm (2.80 in) ●

●

● January and April is the most Rainy ●

June is least rain

249

1.Climate (Humidity)

●

January is the most Humid ● June is least humid

250

1.Climate (Wind)

The wind rose for Riyadh shows how many hours per year the wind blows from the indicated direction. Example SW: Wind is blowing from South-West (SW) to North-East (NE). Cape Horn, the southernmost land point of South America, has a characteristic strong west-wind, which makes crossings from East to West very difficult especially for sailing boats.

251

Contaminated wind Less Contaminated wind

clean wind

1.Climate (Analysis Summary)

Nearby dust source

Site is shaded from N,S,W

Site is not shaded from ES

252

1.Climate

(Climatological conditions affecting the design -RESPONSE STRATEGIES)

hot and dry weather

Sun shading systems

HVAC and Ventilation strategies

Insulation techniques

Use of light colors

Climatic conditions plants

Building orientation and placement

253

Site Concave

Convex

2.Terrain (Topography)

The site is surrounded by High topographic levels and it consider the highest upon the surrounding sites. And it was meant no to excavate the land topography to make use of the views and for cultural expression.

Site

254

2.Terrain (Topography)

Maximum elevation: 2,409 ft Average elevation: 2,201 ft Minimum elevation: 2,066 ft

255

2.Terrain (Topography)

Since Qiddya is exposed to topography levels an architectural treatments and considerations should be applied such as exposed and closed areas.

256

2.Terrain Site Location

(Topography)

257

2.Terrain (Elevation) A-A

B-B

A-A

The site has high different levels, therefore, it will affect the construction and structure of the site, meaning special treatment should be applied

B-B 258

●

Desert ecology is the study of interactions between both biotic and abiotic components of desert environments.

●

A desert ecosystem is deﬁned by interactions between organism populations, the climate in which they live, and any other non-living inﬂuences on the habitat

2.Terrain (Soil)

259

2.Terrain (Soil)

Organic - Cracked mud

Sand- mineral soil

Bedrocks - Base Soil Profile

260

2.Terrain (Soil)

Organic - Layer of Plant residues Surface - Layer mineral soil Subsoil - Pale Layer

Substratum - This layer accumulates iron, clay, alumni and organic compounds Bedrocks - Base Soil Profile

In Conclusion the soil needs a good structural and construction system because its slightly poor

261

3. Landscape (Vegetation)

Acacia mellifera

Chaste tree

Ironwood Tree

Acacia asak

262

3. Landscape (Water)

Fountain Lake

263

3. Landlot (Shape as a Whole 2D, 3D)

Site Location

264

3. Landlot (Shape and Measurements)

118

ar gul Irre pe Sha

7m 14

6m ,43 16 2

0m 13

116 m

265

Sensory Consideration

266

1. View 2. Noise 3. Odor 4. Pollution

267

1.Views Current-2021

Future-2025

Current-2021 Current-2021

Future-2025 Future-2025 Current-2021 Future-2025 Current-2021

Current-2021 268

Loud Noise

Medium Noise

2.Noise

(People and Traffic Noise)

Less Noise

Loud Noise

Medium Noise Less Noise

People Noise Traffic Noise

269

3. Odor Sand Particles

The scents of vegetation Due high dry periods the smell of desert trees is strong

Pond- water Smell

car exhaust CO2

270

4. Pollution Soil Pollution Chemicals released through harmful gases that produced from cars and Riyadh city

Air Pollution Natural composition of soil and affect it negatively. These can drastically impact life directly or indirectly. For instance, any toxic chemicals present in the soil will get absorbed by the plants.

Noise Pollution Transportation noises from vehicles, aeroplanes,Construction noises Noise from social events

271

Intangible Factors

272

1. Land Use 2. History 3. Regulations 4. Limitations 5. Hazzard 6. Economy

273

Legend: Residential Commercial Governmental Mixed-use Institonal

1.Land Use

274

2.History

1985

2005

2021

275

Land Use

Agricultural and Recreational uses allowed with all associated facilities and tourism

Height

Two floors for the owner of the farm Three floors for commercial, institutional and mixed used Two and half floor for residential units.

Parcel Coverage

10% of Agricultural land with buildings, including all permanent and temporary roof insulations

Set-Back Style

Main Street: 4m (min) Side and rear streets: 4m (min) Secondary Streets: 4m (min) To keep the feeling of the natural heritage touch of Qiddya combined with modernism

3.Regulation

SECOND FLOOR 100% FIRST FLOOR 100% GROUND FLOOR 100% BASEMENT 100%

276

Land use 60%. ● 4m from main road if no parking is provided ● 8m if parking was provided. ● 4m from any neighboring building. ● 4m from secondary roads ● 2m offset from the pedestrian walkway

3.Regulation

d a o R Main Pe de

Irre

ian

str

e hap

d Roa ry

ar S gul

nda

o Sec

Pedestrian

277

Limitation Proximity to services

Comment Currently lack of services but in future after the compilation of the project it will be provided

Soil & Foundation

Poor soil because of the mud cracks and will require high cost foundation

Solar exposure & daylight

No adjacent buildings nor landscape that will help to reduce the urban heat

views Buildings & urban context

Vegetation

4.Limitation

Lack of view currently and in the future Only adjacent farms and no improvements on the urban planning

Little vegetation surround the site 278

Lack of Adjacent buildings

5.Hazards

No deﬂection for prevailing wind

279

Weak Soil

Soil deposits with high organic content are often found in Qiddya and can be troublesome.

Erison

5.Hazards

High wind pressure might cause Erosion

Drainage

No Drain for Sanitation which will cause drainage

Sandstorms Usually Riyadh especially Qiddya are exposed to a strong sandstorm that goes yearly average 66% and the result of that lack of visibility, the destruction of the building and high cost for maintenance. Also sandstorm are brought with high wind speed that will affect the structural wind load if not considered well.

280

6. Economy (Land value)

1 square meter=1,000 SAR Site Area = 16.436 sqm Site Price = 1,643,000 SAR

281

Surroundings Tangible Forces

282

Man-Made Items (Building, streets, Utilities)

Natural Features ( Vegetation, Water)

283

1.Man Made Items (Buildings)

Residential buildings and Farms 2 minutes by car

10 minutes walking

284

1.Man Made Items (Streets)

Man-Made Items Streets Radial Layout Masterplan

285

1.Man Made Items (Utilities)

Man-Made Items Utilities Electricity Grid Low Electricity line to the site

286

Sadus Dam

2.Future Natural Features

(Water and Vegetation)

Grass Cover

Palms

Betula Pendula Gleditsia triacanthos Sunburst Shrubs

287

Surroundings Intangible Forces

288

1. Style 2. Future Expansion 3. Character 4. History 5. Accessibility-Vehicles and Pedestrians 6. Circulation-Vehicles and Pedestrians

289

“The beauty of a project like the Qiddiya project is that you don’t have to spend too much time to explain to people what they are here for — they know,” Phillipe Gas said.

1.Style

Keep the feeling of the natural heritage touch of Qiddya combined with modernism

290

2. Future Expansion

2021 - 2030

291

Qiddya is Desert areas are characterized by relatively harsh environmental conditions The temperature difference between day and night is high, the summer is hot and the winter is cold, there are extreme changes in relative humidity, solar radiation is very powerful, the absence of vegetation, the landscape with the monochrome colors all affect the person and his built environment.

3.Character

292

4.History

Qiddiya (Arabic: ‫ )اﻟﻘﺪﯾﺔ‬is an entertainment megaproject to be established in Riyadh. Construction started in the beginning of 2019. The project is one of the tourism megaprojects to be established in Saudi Arabia in the framework of the Saudi Vision 2030 which aims to diversify the income resources of the country. The rust coloured backdrop to Qiddiya is breathtaking and the whole site is being constructed with “careful consideration to the natural patterns that have been etched on the site throughout history

293

5.Accessibility

Accessibility Pedestrian and Vehicle

294

6.Circulation

Circulation Pedestrian and Vehicle

295

Human Factor

296

1. Social 2. Cultural 3. Demography 4. Income

297

1.Social

Walkability

Interaction

et Me

Talk

Enga

298

1.Social Social Needs

Children

Kids Area

Seating Area

Adults

Women

Seating Area

Health Care Shows and Activities for the kids Entertainment facilities

Elderly

Men

VIP Visitors

Employees

Seating Area

Lounge

Gathering Lounge

Walking Area

Offices and workshops

Seating Area

Health Care

Health Care Entertainment facilities

299

1.Social Needs

Children

Elderly

Employees Adults

VIP Visitors 300

2. Cultural

High-end Theme parks: Entertainment centers

Water & snow-based Activites

Numerous Sports Arenas Capable of hosting international competitions

Outdoor & advantages Activities alongside nature & animal safari experience

Desert & asphalt tracks for Motorsport enthusiasts

An array of Historical cultural & educational; Activities & events

301

60%

30%

Males Ages: 4-65+

3. Demography

Females Ages: 4-65+

72%

Domestic Tourists who stay overnight

Nights spent in KSA - 90% Spend per night ($) 500

Turroisum Rate

302

10%

60%

30%

Low Income

Med Income

High Income

57,000

Number of jobs created by Qiddiya Entertainment city by 2030

4. Income

Unemployment in the region 2016

7% Male

29% Female 303

Evaluation

304

1. SWOT Analysis

2. Comparison

305

S Futuristic strategic location High value Tourism target

O It could be Green site far away from city pollution and noise pollution Mixed used area

W Drainage issue Streets are not done yet and planing it would take time Site exposed to erosion due to sand storm

T Lack of vegetation since the site on dry area Poor soil that might cause a problem due to safety and cost

High urban planning

306

Tangible

-Site topography is approximately 200m higher than the ground surface which will provide different view -Different type of soil around the area ● Sandy ● Rocky ● Muddy

Intangible

-Unwelcoming expression (first impression) -Sense of Exploration when circulation around micro site due to special topography -Feeling of serenity wind,breeze and sunlight -Will exceed of tortoise expectations

307

07 PHASE 7

308

-3D Massing

309

FAR - FLOOR AREA RATIO 25%

50%

1 Floor

2 Floors

100%

3 Floors

150%

200%

4 Floors

5 Floors

3 Floors

4 Floors

25%

1 Floor

2 Floors

50% Not applicable 1 Floor 60%

Not applicable

2 Floors

3 Floors

Not applicable

310

311

08 PHASE 8

312

-Architectural Concept Models -Zone Details -Parti 313

Type

Theme (story, poem, song, painting and movie)

Experience (Circulation, behaviour, ergonomics, Affections)

Symbolism (Memory, Culture)

Description

Inspiration

Animation is about creating a story with a song identity. My design could be followed by the low sound wave shape since the animation songs usually is not high but more of a soft sound wave so the design form could adapt the wave shape.

Sketch page 355

The design can be inspired by the user experience making them feel if they were inside a movie and once they move from a space to another is like the story timeline as it starts from exposition as they get introduced to the place then rising action people starts to get deeper into the studios and exhibition. Animation isn't only characters and imaganication it involve architecture too, all the scenes in animation that include buildings and interior places need to be designed using 3D simulation programs. therefore , the design could be inspired by one of the animation movies buildings such as zootopia movie which could also be related to the Qiddya site since the movie speaks about nature life and how a dessert turned into the city

Sketch

Sketch page 356

Zootopia Walt Disney Movie

Sketch page 357

314

Type

Analogy (Forms and Spaces)

Metaphor (Meanings and Expectations)

Context (Site, Surroundings and Environment)

Description By having an organic form that attracts people and amaze them and that what is needed for animation studios, by also focusing on the views which is main aspect. The organic form was inspired by animation characters since been drawn organically that is not similar to the humans but it was purposely made that way.

The design was inspired by expressing the Saudi heritage with deep meaning as it rise up at the end and that where the studios will be located. Where the hidden massage will be THE SAUDI ANIMATION STUDIOS will rise Saudi Arabia to the global ranking.

The design was inspired the stories book shape as if the book are open to be responding to the site context by controlling the daylighting and the air ﬂow. While the shape is open book because every animation movie starts with an open book and a storyteller. And for me as an architect i must considered the site surroundings and respect the environment by local materials such as stone and wood.

Inspiration

Sketch

Sketch page 358

Sketch page 359

Sketch page 360

315

Type

Scheme (Geometry, Materials and Technology)

Scenario (Events, Users, performance and narrative)

Description

The combination of geometrical shapes such as circle and rectangles to manipulate the user by using the topographic landform by making the user move into different places in only one place with clear circulation. As providing the needed technology such as rain harvesting system and solar panels to make the building independ and stands out for itself (smart building with complexity mind control)

The building was divided into 4 forms each form will have a scenario such as building 1 will be the studios and behind it the imax cinemas to have a clear circulation among people while also can relate to the building and its performance as every function is related to the other one with clear path that the users don't need a guide.

Inspiration

Sketch

Sketch page 361

Sketch page 362

316

1.Sketches 317

Theme Concept (1) (Soft Sound Wave)

318

Experience Concept (2) (Story Timeline) Denouement ( Animation Studios) Rising Action (Exhibitions and theaters ) Falling Action ( Commercial) Climax ( Welcome Center) Exposition(Admin)

319

Desert Cracks = Qiddya Culture and History

Symbolism Concept (3) (Zootopia Movie)

320

Analogy Concept (4) (Organic)

321

Metaphor Concept (5) (Saudi Heritage to GII) Up to the top ANIMATION STUDIOS WILL RISE SAUDI ARABIA TO THE GLOBAL RANKINGS

322

Context Concept (6) (Responding Book)

323

Scheme Concept (7) (Mysterious Geometry)

324

Scenario Concept (8) (Building as movie scenario)

Movie starts (starting point) Movie Ends (Ending point)

325

2.Details 326

4x3= 12m^2 Each occupant will need 2m space for circulation and chair movement 12/2= 6 6 occupant max

Animation Studio Details

3m 4.5m total height ➔ 1.5 dropped ceiling ➔ 3.5 left ceiling

327

3.Parti 328

3.Create a contrast by using steel structure to have the ﬂexibility in the interior spaces also while creating terraces and supported by pad foundation

1.Asymmetrical in the form composition to control visual connectivity and sunlight to be directed at desired zones. With repetition with volumes and different scales to create irregular plan shape.

Form Based

2.The color scheme will be light color while picking the desert color palette to ﬁt the surroundings and to represent the Saudi culture. While also creating solid and void of the facade treatment to control heat gain inside the building 329

3.To take advantage of the sunlight and make the building efficient from the electricity load atrium would be added to keep freshen the building and lighting it while creating double hights in the interior spaces

1.The entrance will emphasize with the facade treatment since an A letter is ornamented at the middle of the main entrance while also will be highlighted the topography the different building levels by creating dominant and sub-somiet building. Finally it can be also emphasized by landscape design to show clear path for visitors and staff

Function\Flow Based

2.Clear and well distributed vertical and horizontal circulation. And separating visitors circulation away form the staff

330

3.To take advantage of good breezing air by making different levels which will help in ventilation. And deﬂect the prevailing winds by creating large mass that will help to deﬂect it.

1.The building need to provide shading device to protect it from overheating especially at the site because its located at desert and lack of high dense urban units which will increase the urban heat

Context Based

2.Sand hazards should be taken into consideration since the site is on desert area therefore special treatment should be done and safety measurements 331

References Pixar Animation Studios ● ● ● ● ●

https://www.officesnapshots.com/2012/07/16/pixar-headquarters-and-the-legacy-of-steve-jobs/ https://uuushh.wordpress.com/2011/06/20/3-questions-for-collaborative-designed-spaces/ https://alliedworks.com/projects/feature-animation-facility https://www.aisc.org/globalassets/modern-steel/archives/2001/05/2001v05_pixar.pdf https://alliedworks.com/projects/feature-animation-facility

Disney Concert Hall ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

https://sites.google.com/site/ae390assignmenta2group7/home/hvac-system http://www.designlife-cycle.com/walt-disney-concert-hall-la https://www.tripsavvy.com/walt-disney-concert-hall-p2-4006903 https://slideplayer.com/slide/13526257/ https://www.archdaily.com/441358/ad-classics-walt-disney-concert-hall-frank-gehry/5264ac7be8e44ef4c200021a-ad-classics-waltdisney-concert-hall-frank-gehry-photo?next_project=no https://www.kvadrat.dk/en/in-use/walt-disney-concert-hall https://3dwarehouse.sketchup.com/model/ce29f8b2336ba53f89c520fb34a01ba6/Model-of-Walt-Disney-Concert-Hall?hl=en

Site Analysis ●

● ● ● ● ●

https://sa.aqar.fm/%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6%D9%8A-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B9/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B 2%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9/%D8%AD%D9%8A-%D8%B4%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%A8/%D8%B6%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7-30184 73 https://www.arabnews.com/node/1293306/saudi-arabia https://www.arabnews.com/node/1801076/business-economy https://www.designboom.com/architecture/bjarke-ingels-group-masterplans-qiddiya-saudi-arabia-08-05-2019/ http://www.riyadh.climatemps.com/precipitation.php#:~:text=Rainfall%2F%20Precipitation%20in%20Riyadh%2C%20Saudi,per%20month. 332 https://qiddiya.com/en/media/press-office/major-construction-continues-at-qiddiya-as-new-contract-ramps-up-activity/

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Thank You! Done By: Nouf AlKhalifa ID: 217410084 Instructor: Prof. Buthanya Eilouti

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