The Lumberjack -- August 31, 2017

GATHERING SHROOMS PAGE 12-14

T H E L U M BE R JACK

AUG. 31, 2017 - SEPT. 6, 2017

Online at JackCentral.org

From the Editor

T

he United States is struggling — Texas is drowning, white supremacy is a thing, and our president is, well, our president. Regardless, the U.S. is still pretty cool. I recently returned from a study-abroad program in the Netherlands, specifically in the beautiful city of Groningen. I lived like the Dutch for six months, which included dusting off my poor biking capabilities and consuming as much cheese as humanly possible. When I first arrived in the Netherlands, ironically on the day of President Trump’s inauguration, I was immediately drilled with political questions that I was not quite emotionally prepared for. During my second week in the Netherlands, I spoke to an elementary class of 12 to 14-year-olds, who blurted out questions about the U.S. that they were genuinely curious about, including: “Did you vote MEGAN for Trump?” and “Have you ever shot a gun?” and my personal favorite, “Have TROUTMAN you ever been stuffed in a locker?” EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Needless to say, the Dutch-to-American questions were amusing. I was honestly embarrassed to say I was American. In January, and even now, there has been so much going on politically, and I was not ready for the mass of confused Europeans asking, “but why?” So I took a deep breath, answered the questions, and then started asking my own — that’s when I realized: Wait, the U.S. is still pretty cool. My friend from Beijing was telling me about how “freedom” of speech in China is regulated. Chinese citizens are not allowed to convey opinions or negative connotations about the Chinese government, or they will be put in jail. Comparing China to the U.S., Americans are able to debate and speak openly about the government, without being put in jail. I also met a young man from South Korea, who was very adamant that he was from South Korea, not the North. He told me about how he was part of the country’s mandatory draft into the military. He wanted to write for his student-media organization, but he was drafted into the military instead, where he was beaten numerous times for not following the rules. In comparison to the U.S., so many Americans willingly fight for our country and for the rights supported by the Declaration of Independence. The U.S. is pretty cool. So in spirit of our freedom of speech and press, raw and uncensored since 1914, enjoy issue 2, volume 105, of NAU’s The Lumberjack. Thank you for reading.

THE LUMBERJACK VOL. 105 ISSUE 2

Phone: (928) 523-4921 Fax: (928) 523-9313 Lumberjack@nau.edu P.O. Box 6000 Flagstaff, AZ 86011

Editor-in-Chief Megan Troutman

Managing Editor Kari Scott

Copy Chief Emma Helfrich

Faculty Advisor Mary Tolan

Faculty Advisor, Visuals Jennifer Swanson

Sales Manager Marsha Simon

Media Innovation Center Editorial Board News Editor Conor Sweetman

Opinion-Editorial Editor Elizabeth Wendler

Sports Editor Lance Hartzler

Director of Photography Michael Patacsil

Asst. Opinion-Editorial Editor Asst. Sports Editor Director of Illustration Peggy Packer Kade Gilliss Colton Starley Culture Editor Web Chief Features Editor Director of Multimedia Katie Sawyer Ariel Cianfarano Makenna Lepowsky Christian Walton Asst. Culture Editor Print Chief Kaitlyn Sampson Matthew Strissel Asst. News Editor Joey Postiglione

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“We love our fans. We love the atmosphere that our students create for our players. ” — Andre Luciano, NAU women’s soccer team head coach, 2017 NAU players celebrate their 1-0 lead over Grand Canyon University after the fierce deadlock was finally broken in the last minutes of the game. Ryan Vanderpool | The Lumberjack

On the cover Students in the mycology class (BIO 411) venture out to find mushrooms Aug. 28 at Aspen Corner in Flagstaff. Michael Patacsil | The Lumberjack

Corrections & Clarifications The Lumberjack is committed to factual correctness and accuracy. If you find an error in our publication, please email Megan Troutman at mlt273@nau.edu.

PoliceBeat

Compiled by Ashley Besing

Aug. 21 At 1:44 p.m., a staff member called NAUPD to report a professor who had fallen and was unconscious at the Social and Behavioral Sciences buildings. The professor was transported to FMC.

found it was due to cooking food. Everything was fine and Fire Life Safety was notified.

At 11:29 p.m., a nonstudent reported an intoxicated student in McConnell Hall. NAUPD, FFD and a Guardian Medical Transport (GMT) ambulance responded to the dorm, and the student was transported to FMC for treatment. The student was At 4:21 p.m., a staff also criminally deferred for member called NAUPD a minor in consumption of to report an animal at the alcohol. Observatory Field. The animal was gone upon officer arrival. Aug. 25 At 2:34 a.m., a student Aug. 22 was charged and released for At 2:47 p.m., a subject DUI to the slightest degree, called NAUPD to report DUI above .08, extreme multiple people sleeping in DUI above .15, possession of the grass near Gammage. marijuana and possession of NAUPD responded and all of drug paraphernalia near the the subjects, non-students, left intersection of San Francisco the area. Street and Franklin Avenue. Aug. 23 At 2:38 p.m., a staff member called NAUPD to report a non-student was taking pictures of females at Tinsley Hall. Five NAUPD officers responded, but the non-student was gone upon arrival. At 3:00 p.m., a staff member in the du Bois Center called to report a non-student yelling and throwing items. The staff member provided information but did not wish to press charges.

At 9:33 a.m., a staff member in the W.A. Franke College of Business building called NAUPD to report being harassed by a coworker in that building. One NAUPD officer responded, and took an informational report. At 11:50 p.m., NAUPD initiated a traffic stop at the intersection of Lone Tree Road and O’Leary Street. The passenger, a student, was booked into Coconino County Detention Facility for two counts of aggravated assault, two counts of disorderly conduct, threats and criminal damage. Citations were also issued to the driver for driving in a bike lane and operating a motorcycle without a license.

Aug. 24 At 5:25 p.m., a staff member called NAUPD to report a non-student panhandling near the Roseberry Hall. NAUPD responded, but the nonAug. 26 student was gone upon officer At 4:31 p.m., an RA called arrival. NAUPD to report an odor of marijuana at Gabaldon Hall. At 10:48 p.m., a staff An NAUPD officer responded, member in McConnell Hall and one student was criminally reported information to deferred for use of marijuana. NAUPD about a missing roommate. An officer At 6:16 p.m., a carbon responded, and the roommate monoxide alarm went off in was found to be in good health. the South Village Apartments. Everything was fine. Upon investigation, NAUPD

At 6:27 p.m., a student called NAUPD to report finding a possibly stolen bike that had already been reported to FPD. The bike has been impounded for 30 days by NAUPD. At 7:36 p.m., an RA called NAUPD to report the odor of marijuana in Tinsley Hall. Four students were criminally deferred for possession and use of marijuana. Aug. 27 At 12:40 a.m., a resident at Tinsley Hall called NAUPD to report a student lost consciousness after using marijuana. NAUPD, FFD and a GMT ambulance responded to the dorm. Two students were deferred for use of marijuana and minor in consumption of alcohol. One student was deferred for minor in consumption of alcohol. Two of the students were taken to FMC for treatment. At 11:16 a.m., an RA in Pine Ridge Village called NAUPD to report a student accidentally cut herself and fainted. FPD, an NAUPD officer and a GMT ambulance responded, and the student was transported to FMC. At 3:57 p.m., an employee in Cline Library called NAUPD to report hearing about a subject possibly fondling themselves. An officer responded and didn’t see any criminal activity. The suspected subject was warned of trespassing and left campus. At 6:55 p.m., an NAUPD officer initiated a traffic stop in parking lot 31. One nonstudent was cited and released for DUI over .08, DUI over .15 and a civil citation for speed was issued.

NEWS

Steven Jones awaits October retrial Adrian Skabelund

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n the eve of the two-year anniversary of the fatal shooting on NAU’s mountain campus, the retrial of accused shooter Steven Jones is scheduled to begin in October. However, it is possible for the retrial to be set back months if Jones’ defense team persuades the judge in the case to disqualify the Coconino Country Attorney’s Office form prosecuting the case. In the early morning of Oct. 9, 2015, Steven Jones shot four NAU students, Colin Brough, Nicholas Prato, Nick Piring and Kyle Zientek, killing Brough. Jones claimed the shots were fired in self-defense. Jones’ original trial began this past April and lasted a month before ending with a hung jury on the first-degree murder charge and all six counts of aggravated assault. Jones’ new trial is scheduled to start Oct. 1. In the meantime, the defense claims that the Coconino County Attorney’s office should not be prosecuting the case because of alleged conflicts of interest between the Coconino County Attorney William Ring and the law firm, Aspey, Watkins & Diesel. June of 2017, Aspey, Watkins & Diesel filed a civil lawsuit against the Jones family on behalf of Piring, Prato and the family of Brough. A civil lawsuit attempts to hold someone liable for wrongdoing,. In this case, the lawsuit alleges that Steven Jones’ father, Warren Jones, did not properly teach his son how to use a firearm and is liable for the shooting. Before Ring was elected to the County Attorney’s office, he was an employee of Aspey, Watkins & Diesel. The civil lawsuit depends heavily on a conviction of Jones in his criminal trial, and thus Ring’s former employers could benefit financially should Jones be found guilty. According to the defense, this constitutes a conflict of interest and means that the county attorney’s office, under the helm of Ring, shouldn’t be allowed to prosecute the case. In the motion submitted to Slayton, the defense points out that Aspey, Watkins & Diesel supported Ring during his campaign. “Ring worked at Aspey, Watkins & Diesel imminently prior to his election and [Ring] received numerous contributions from [the law firm] attorneys during his campaign,” according to the defense’s motion. “[The law firm] also sponsored at least one fundraising event for Ring … Here the [Coconino County Attorney’s Office] cannot credibly deny that — at a bare minimum — there is a significant apparent conflict given Mr. Ring’s compromising entanglements with Aspey, Watkins & Diesel [and] the financial gains [the law firm] and its clients stand to obtain from a conviction.” According to reporting by the Arizona Republic, attorneys from Aspey, Watkins & Diesel contributed at least $1,650 to Ring’s campaign. The county attorney’s office filed a response in which they countered the motion Aug. 22. In the response the attorney’s office stated that the burden of proof when it comes to disqualifying the prosecutor is on the defense and that they had not provided substantial evidence to that effect.

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Deputy County Attorney Ammon Barker presents evidence to Judge Dan Slayton during the first Steven Jones trial April 13. Matthew Strissel | The Lumberjack

The motion also argues that no law has been broken and that there is no precedent “for the defendant’s claim that the ‘appearance of impropriety’ alone is sufficient grounds for disqualifying [the attorney’s office].” Judge Slayton is scheduled to hear oral arguments from both sides Sept. 8, but has said this should not push back the October retrial. Nonetheless, Carrie Faultner, the Coconino County clerk of courts, said this, “does [theoretically] have the possibility to delay the scheduled trial in October.” Should the Coconino County Attorney’s Office be disqualified, Faultner explained that a new prosecutor would have to be found, possibly from a neighboring county and they would then need enough time to go through all the evidence in order to effectively argue the case. That could set the trial back months. On the other hand, if the motion is denied, then “there should be no delay on the October trial,” Faultner said. In the meantime, Jones will remain living with his parents in Glendale under the watch of Maricopa County pretrial services until the retrial starts.

Steven Jones watches his defense attorney Joshua Davidson speak with the judge during his trial April 5. Halie Chavez | The Lumberjack

NEWS

The city of Flagstaff is installing parking meters around town, including on Franklin Avenue bordering NAU. The meters are currently not in working order Aug. 28. Maxim Mascolo | The Lumberjack

Park FLAG hits lengthy roadblocks Joey Postiglione

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his past summer, the City of Flagstaff installed numerous parking meters near NAU campus and around town in spots that have previously been free to park, including downtown. However, these meters stand wrapped in black trashbags while they await activation. This new system, called Park FLAG, was originally set to launch Aug. 1 but was delayed due to technical difficulties with the meters, according to the program’s Facebook page. Karl Eberhand, Community Design & Redevelopment manager for the city, is hoping to set a new start date for the solar panel powered meters by the end of August. The meters cost the city of Flagstaff roughly $1 million, but the city hopes to use the revenue from the meters to pay for future parking accommodations. “The short-term answer for why the city decided to install the meters is to manage our current parking better, and the long term answer is that is how we will pay for additional parking,” said Eberhand. The new meters function differently than a traditional coin -operated parking meter. Instead of pumping change into the

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meter, all the driver has to do is enter their license plate number into the meter and pay. “You go up to the kiosk and put in your license plate number and then you’re done,” Eberhand said. “Actually, the easiest way to use it is the mobile app because if you use the app it will send you an email to tell you you’re almost out of time, so you don’t get a ticket.” The university worked with the city as it developed the new parking meter system. “NAU has [been], and remains, actively involved with the City of Flagstaff and the community in many areas including housing, parking and transportation,” said NAU spokesperson Kim Ott. “We have been receiving regular updates from the city regarding Park FLAG. We have, and will continue, communicating this information to our faculty, staff and students to ensure they are aware of the new system and know how to use it appropriately.” There are no student discounts for Park FLAG, but the city hopes this will encourage students to buy parking permits on campus. “Our expectation is that students will find it’s cheaper to buy a campus permit than to park downtown,” Eberhand said.

NAU also encourages students to seek other modes of transportation. “We are also communicating information about parking options on our campus as well as the use of Mountain Link/ Mountain Line and our campus shuttle services as alternativetransportation options,” Ott said. Students on campus, however, feel that Park FLAG will just cause less people to want to spend time in the downtown area. “I understand that they’re trying to address overcrowding, but what I think will happen is that people will be deterred from spending time downtown,” said senior political science major Max Toubman. “And the businesses that pushed for the meters will be hurt by them in the long run.” Students also feel that Park FLAG will just lead to more problems than it solves. “People are already going downtown to spend money at shops and restaurants, and now they need to pay money in order to spend that money,” Toubman said. “I’m from Houston where almost no one wants to spend time downtown because of that exact reason. I think people will resort to parking in the surrounding neighborhoods that opt out of the parking meters, which will just lead to further frustration from the community.”

NEWS

Mythical ‘Freshman 15’ and how to stay healthy Conor Sweetman

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t’s a new school year, and with that comes new challenges and obstacles that almost every student will face. Relationships, classes, friendships, drama, stress and homesickness. One, sometimes overlooked aspect about starting college and moving away from home is the challenge of staying healthy. Some students who previously found it easy to stay in shape with the structured daily schedules of high school might find the freedom of college somewhat challenging when it comes to hitting the gym consistently. Whether it be due to time constraints or just more exciting things going on in life, there are numerous resources on campus and easy lifestyle habits that will help contribute to a healthy lifestyle while at college and beyond. Tim K. Behrens, department chair of the Department of Health Sciences and public health professor, recommends students, especially freshmen, find a balance. “I think that the biggest thing when [students] get to college is that they’re overwhelmed with freedom,” said Behrens. “Don’t forget what you’re doing and why you’re here.” With the transition to college comes a slew of other things like suddenly being on your own, paying your own bills, doing your own laundry and shopping for yourself. There are also other things that come with moving to college. One of those things is misinformation. Behrens said for the past 20 years, colleagues of his have been studying the “freshman 15” weight gain. In 2004, these colleagues at the University of Ohio started to track a cohort of girls who were seniors in high school. Then, for the next several years, they would check in with them and look at their weight, diets and lifestyles. What the 10-year-old research showed was that, Behrens claimed, there is no “freshman 15” level of weight gain, there is however fat gain. Now this isn’t necessarily that the people being studied gained weight, but that the muscle mass they had deteriorated and transitioned into fat mass. This was mostly attributed to a lack of exercise and heavy drinking, and the fat gain was mostly concentrated around the stomach area. In order to maintain a healthy lifestyle, Behrens pointed to one aspect of many college students’ diets that could have a significant impact on their health. “If [the student] is of age, alcohol in moderation,” Behrens recommenaded. “Alcohol has a lot of negative consequences in terms of health. It’s empty calories.” The Health and Learning Center’s Health Promotions office has numerous resources to help students including services and literature on everything from eating right, proper fitness routines, mental health, sexual assault and relationship violence, sexual health and awareness, and alcohol and drugs. “Sometimes there is a negative connotation in seeking help, but there certainly shouldn’t be,” Behrens said. “You already pay for it, so take advantage.” Behren has spent most of his career studying healthy eating and active living or HEAL initiatives. His number one piece of

advice to freshmen and all college students is to stay moving. Find something active that you like and keep at it. The second, is to watch what you eat. “Stay away from the fast food, the high fat and high sugar foods [and drinks],” Behrens said. His last piece of advice to college students, especially freshmen, is to find a good friend group and stay social. “Find friends to hang out with,” Behrens said. “College is hard, and friends can help.”

Above: Jordan Burns uses the rowing machine Aug. 9 in the HLC. Bottom Left: Three runners from Japan, Yusuke Ojumi, Hikaru Kato and Masahiro Takaya, train at Lumberjack Stadium Aug. 9. Bottom Right: Laura Coleman scales the rock wall Aug. 9 in the HLC. Maxim Mascolo | The Lumberjack

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OPINION-EDITORIAL

Confederate monuments: Our history or hate? Breanden Nolan

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he White Nationalist rally in Charlottesville, Virginia, brought the issue of Confederate statues remaining untouched into the national spotlight, with powerful leaders on both sides publicly stating their opinions on the controversial topic. From the Statue of Justice Taney, the author of the Dredd Scott majority opinion in Maryland, to Confederate soldiers as far north as Boston Harbor, this subject has created renewed tension throughout the nation. This controversy, one in a long line of divisive issues, has plagued the United States over the last five years and was the cause of three deaths. While these statues are purely historical to some, to others, they have direct ties to Jim Crow laws and the deep, racial tension of a southern-apologist culture that took hold in the racially motivated, post-war South. Many people, including President Donald Trump, have thrown their weight behind the preservation of these statues for their historical significance. The argument is that, with the tearing down of these statues, there is the possibility of creating a slippery slope. This slippery slope could begin the elimination of great monuments once conceived with a lack of principle or morality in the name of political correctness. This means Thomas Jefferson and George Washington’s monuments could become the next targets due to their slave ownership, Trump said. The issue with this argument is its sole reliance on a logical fallacy and lack of legitimate causation. While the men depicted on the Confederate monuments are remembered exclusively for their defense of the advancement of slavery in the U.S., monuments depicting the founding fathers or Henry Ford, a known anti-Semite, are not showing pride in their faults. They

are honoring them for their improvements of the republic and working conditions, respectively. This removes any worry of a legitimate slippery slope from removing Confederate monuments because those monuments are inherently honoring the men portrayed for their largest moral deficiency. The second, and far more prevalent argument, is considerably more dangerous and can once again be found in the words of President Trump, who stated, “[It’s] sad to see the history and culture of our great country being ripped apart with the removal of our beautiful statues and monuments ... You can’t change history, but you can learn from it.” This is a quintessential point of view primarily held by conservatives who fear that the destruction of the statues will initiate a white erasure of history by the political left. This argument insinuates that monuments are constructed for historical remembrance, but this is a fundamental misconception on the purpose of erecting them. The monuments in question were not constructed to remember the past. The construction of schools and museums ensure the knowledge of the past is continued. These monuments are constructed to show pride for the past and history the people in these events molded. This assertion is proved by the fact that nearly no statues were erected directly following the war’s end in 1865. In the time period before Jim Crow laws, the Confederate soldiers who fought were those who were honored. According to Mark Elliott, a history professor at University of North Carolina, Greensboro, “The vast majority of them were built between the 1890s and 1950s, which matches up exactly with the era of Jim Crow segregation.” While previous statues mourned the deaths of regular

soldiers, these statues began to glorify leaders rather than providing a simple remembrance of ancestors. These statues projected an idolization of the men who continued and led half of our nation into war in defense of slavery. In fact, the glorification of leaders who stood for such evil is intrinsically rewriting history, turning men who caused more American deaths than any other war into heroes could be compared to the founders of our union. Thus, we must, as a nation, reject the arguments projected by the alt-right due to their fundamental misconceptions and racist undertones. These are not the beliefs of everyone. A multitude of leaders on both sides, including prominent Republican senators Lindsey Graham and Bob Corker among many others, including Arizona Senator Jeff Flake, expressed strong disagreement. These statues were conceived in a South that, as a whole, was ashamed of its past and attempted to rewrite it — under the false narrative of a rich history. The American people cannot fall for this great lie and should promote the elimination of statues depicting evil people, whether they are liberal or conservative. Illustration By Colton Starley

E-books are the new paper books, only better Kailey Saenz

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eading is an excellent pastime, but as technology changes, so should the way we read. Paper books are becoming a thing of the past, and it’s time to embrace e-books. According to greenpressinitiative.org, “each year, approximately 30 million trees are used to make books sold in the United States,” causing many species to lose their habitats. There is no reason to cause such devastating harm to the world when there is a much better option available. One of the great things about e-books is that they connect people to other readers. If you read on Wattpad or Kindle, you can communicate in the comments or see popular quotes others have highlighted. Instead of being an individual reader, you are now connected to a community of others who enjoy the same kind of stories as you. An e-reader is light and portable. Anywhere you go you can have your entire collection of books with you. Even if an e-reader is lost or misplaced, all the books still exist on your account and

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can easily be accessed again. Furthermore, e-books tend to be cheaper than physical copies of books. For the most part, hardcovers average approximately $20 and paperbacks approximately $10. E-books average around $7 each. Amazon has sales all the time on e-books for $4 or less. Even when reading books for class, e-books are more helpful than paper books. Highlights and notes made in e-books are easy to find. Rather than flipping through pages, an e-reader will easily pull up a page to show you what you are looking for. Along those same lines, looking for a topic or a keyword is easier as well. One simply has to search and all relevant information will be provided. E-readers also have built-in dictionaries. Furthermore, several newer editions of e-readers light up, making it easier to read at night. Reading on a bus, in a car, as you walk or even in your room is easier when the page is backlit. E-readers are easy to carry around because they are lightweight, which makes them the best choice for carrying textbooks. Going somewhere to study? Don’t worry about your books weighing you down, carry them all easily on an e-reader.

Sometimes class schedules can be confusing, especially in the first few weeks of school, and sometimes bringing the wrong books can ruin an entire class period. However, carrying an e-reader eliminates that problem entirely. Using apps like Wattpad to read online can help new writers and can be an interesting way to discover new novels. Some novels, such as After by Anna Todd, have been discovered on Wattpad by publishers and received substantial book deals. Purchasing a physical copy of the book puts more money into the pockets of retailers and publishers. Authors, especially those who self publish, make much more royalties off e-books. E-books are the future and it’s about time we leave our forests alone to embrace it. While there is something nice about holding a physical book and turning its pages, it has simply become overrated. Some editions of e-readers, such as the Kindle Fire, have animations that mimic turning a page. It’s not the same thing, but, in this day and age, it’s what’s best.

OPINION-EDITORIAL

Red flag: A guide to identifying Nazis Peggy Packer

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n the wake of the rally in Charlottesville, Virginia, where a large group of white supremacists took to the streets to demonstrate their racism and white pride, it has become clear that Nazis are no longer villains from the past. This group of terrorists rallied in the streets of Virginia, beating people with sticks and torches and even hitting people with cars. Heather Heyer, an outspoken activist, was just 32 years old when she was killed after being struck by a car driven by a white supremacist, which had bulldozed through a group of protesters. What’s surprising for some is that the white supremacist neoNazis who attended the rally looked like regular people you see on the street, at school or at the grocery store. They don’t always walk around showing off their swastikas. The truth is, you can’t look at someone and tell whether or not they are a Nazi. Nazis look like regular people. Demonstrated at recent protests like Charlottesville, they are no longer hiding behind hoods or masks. For that reason, it can be hard to determine who is and who isn’t in cahoots with these extremists. There are a few red flags, however, that can be looked for that may help you determine whether or not your roommate, classmate or even significant other is a Nazi. 1. If they claim the actions of these Nazis and white supremacists aren’t bad, they’re probably a Nazi themselves. There is no way violence and even killing innocent people could be considered OK. People who find ways to justify these actions are wrong and fall into the same category as these Nazis,

even if they aren’t participating in the actions themselves. There’s racial slurs and other white supremacist favorites are not freedom an old term for people who justify the actions of Nazis — Nazi of speech, but rather plain hate speech, and it is unacceptable. sympathizers. 4. If they are offended by the term Nazi, they’re most likely a 2. If they compare Nazis to other protest groups, especially Nazi, or they side with them at least. those that are non-violent. The definition of a Nazi is “a person with extreme racist or Nazis are angry racists who kill people. They are completely authoritarian views.” It’s not a derogatory slur. The word was not incomparable to any non-violent group because Nazis revolve designed as an insult. It is an appropriate title for someone whose around hatred and violence. Comparing them to a non-violent racism burns so strongly they feel the need to take to the streets group is only an attempt to normalize and lessen the harsh and act violently. If someone gets offended by the categorizing actions of these terrorists. If someone of the people who behave this way as believes running people over with a Nazis, you may have a Nazi sympathizer car or beating people with lit torches is on your hands. similar to any peaceful protest, that is an In a time and place where people obvious red flag. can roam freely while being violent 3. If they use the freedom-of-speech and racist with no repercussions, it’s excuse. important to know what we’re up Swastikas are not symbols of against and who exactly these people freedom of speech. Many will argue that are. They have less power when they are swastikas can symbolize peace among transparent. They don’t feel free to act many other things in different cultures. as boldly when everyone around them In relation to American culture and knows who they are. United States history, however, they Nazis, Nazi sympathizers and are symbols of violence, hatred and white supremacists are everywhere. The superiority. It is quite obvious when a actions in Charlottesville have made it large group of people in Virginia hold very clear. It is not uncommon to come signs up with swastikas as they beat across people with these beliefs and people with torches, that the swastika behaviors. In fact, there may even be in no way represents peace. Swastikas, Illustration By Katie Dobrydney one sitting right next to you.

Improve sex education, improve your life D’Anna Davis

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oing into a high school health class, most students have one common fear: The video. Yes, that video. You know the one. The overly-graphic video with a full frontal view of a child emerging into the world. While this was clearly the most memorable part of the class, I fail to remember learning much else in the sex department. We learned about drugs and not to do them. We learned about alcohol and not to drink it. Somehow, we even learned about childbirth, but not sex — the most essential step in the procreation process. I shouldn’t say we didn’t learn about sex because we did. It was a brief lesson preaching abstinence. That is a classic example of a conservative state’s sex education class. To be clear, abstinence means to restrain oneself from taking part in sexual activity until marriage. High schools in Arizona are teaching young, impressionable teenagers not to have sex and the consequences if they choose to do so. Sex is an inevitable part of life. Most everyone will experience it at some point, so why are we deprived of necessary knowledge in order to have a safe experience? Arizona is one in 23 states still

providing abstinence-only sex education in schools. The majority of these states are well known as conservative or religious. These conservative states clearly favor teaching abstinence over teaching students about contraceptives and how to properly use them. Their main goal is to persuade young minds to avoid sex altogether. While their intentions are good, though slightly skewed, the consequences of not teaching proper sex safety can later affect students. A study conducted in 2009 by the Drexel University College of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh suggested that states with more conservative and religious based beliefs had higher rates of teen pregnancies. It has also been shown that several states, such as Mississippi, Arkansas and Oklahoma, are listed in the top 10 states with the highest teen pregnancy rates and most conservatively religious. While the schools may be trying to protect the students from pregnancy and STDs, the results are just the opposite. There is no requirement in the state of Arizona for schools to teach sex education. Although, if it is taught, it must be medically accurate, age appropriate and emphasize abstinence. If schools choose to teach sex education, including STD

and HIV prevention and awareness, according to siecus.org, they cannot portray “homosexuality as a positive alternative lifestyle” or “suggest that some methods of sex are safe methods of homosexual sex.” In other words, if proper sex safety is given in regards of heterosexual sex, their homosexual peers will not receive the vital precautions for themselves. The federal government has a whopping $90 million budget for abstinence education. If this budget was modified, not only contraception and STD information could be taught, but lessons that are LGBTQ+ inclusive. It’s time to shed some light and ignite change within sex education programs in high schools. Teachers should no longer stress abstinence, rather, they should teach about contraception in all its forms. Students should also be informed of STD/HIV/ AIDS, the dangers these bring and how to avoid them. In order to include everyone, a comprehensive program for LGBTQ+ students should be attainable. Without this, students will be lost when the time does come, which could be when they enter college. Those students could make a mistake that could have easily been prevented by an extensive sex education.

AUG. 31, 2017 - SEPT. 06, 2017 | THE LUMBERJACK 11

FEATURES

Scott Baker, a student enrolled in professor Catherine Gehring’s mycology course at NAU, holds an unknown mushroom species he found Aug. 28 at Aspen Corner on north Snow Bowl Road. Michael Patacsil | The Lumberjack

Edible Mushrooms: Treasures of the Coconino National Forest Makenna Lepowsky

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rackling from the stovetop in a pan of melted butter, is a cluster of morel mushrooms. From first taste, garlic dances upon the tongue, and the morels fall apart in one’s mouth. What makes the mushrooms taste more delicious is that they were collected from the Coconino National Forest. They are the first of many mushrooms that can be found during spring and summer. The gathering of wild food sources such as fungi is an alternative approach to food gathering known as foraging. When foraging for mushrooms in the forest, the odds may not always be in one’s favor. A person can either leave empty handed or walk away with bags full of mushrooms. However, what can make the hunt rewarding is the end result: cooking mushrooms into a delicious dinner. Arizona is an expansive desert region, and the low-lying areas of the state are unfavorable conditions for growing mushrooms. Northern Arizona is contrary to an arid environment. The region is predominantly wet, heavily forested and is a promising region for mushroom foraging. “People don’t realize it. They think of [Arizona] as a desert, but we have at least 300 species of mushrooms that grow here and probably 25 of them are good edibles,” said Christopher May, president of the Arizona Mushroom Society. The Arizona Mushroom Society is a non-profit corporation located in Phoenix that was formed in the fall of 2015. The society offers experiential opportunities for the community to learn about

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the various uses of mushroom species in Arizona. Starting in spring and continuing into summer, the landscape of northern Arizona becomes lush with vegetation and various mushroom species. For foragers who are eager to begin the hunt, it is typical to start foraging early in the first season: spring. “One type of mushroom people are really excited about [every] spring is the morel mushroom. They are well known to gourmet chefs and so forth,” May said. “We have found a few of those already down in the Verde Valley along the Verde River and a little higher up in the red rock country by Sedona … Someone found 40 of them the other day and those are really delicious edibles.” Morels also have many health benefits. Typically, plant-based foods often lack vitamin D, but morels are one of the highest mushroom sources for it. According to the Healthy Eating website, eating a cup of raw morel mushrooms can provide approximately 22 percent of the recommended daily consumption of vitamin D. Morel growing habits also rely on a number of factors, and they generally grow in the spring higher than 6,000 feet and in warmer regions that are primarily wet. Fire is also another element that contributes to the success of the morel growing season. “Places where there has been a forest fire are often a good place to find [morels],” May said. “After a wet winter like we had, we are expecting a good season.” Thus far, the spring has brought fruitful morel foraging for the Arizona Mushroom Society.

FEATURES However, it is during the summer monsoon season when peak mushroom foraging typically occurs throughout northern Arizona. “The monsoon season is, by far, the most productive, and the monsoon rains typically start around the beginning of June. Fourth of July is sort of the classic date in northern Arizona for monsoons to come, but they can come earlier or later,” May said. “The monsoon season peaks in early to mid-August, and that’s probably the very best time to go out looking for mushrooms. Then the rains taper off as you get into mid-September and so does the mushroom growth. We try to do most of our forays typically late June all through August and early September.” Another desirable native mushroom species to northern Arizona is king Boletes. Their meaty size, nutty flavor and health benefits are what make them desirable to fungophils: mushroom lovers. “Sometimes when there is a really big fruiting of mushrooms like last summer in August in the Flagstaff area – it was a pretty wet August — they had a big flush of one called the Barrows Bolete ­— Boletus Barrowsii — and that’s the Barrows Bolete or the white porcini. That’s a super delicious porcini,” May said. “You could go out last summer and you could practically collect them with a wheel barrow it was so easy to find them and pick them.” Barrows Bolete are a robust mushroom, and they are a source of dietary fiber protein, potassium, zinc and vitamin B. They are also low in saturated and unsaturated fat. Favorable growing conditions for Boletes are in woodlands under conifer trees such as fir and pine. It can also be found growing around deciduous trees such as birches and oaks. Barrows Boletes have been spotted in sites such as the Mogollon Rim and Oak Creek Canyon in Sedona. While Mushrooms are used for culinary reasons, they are also valued for their medicinal properties and are a facet of scientific studies like mycology. Mycology is a methodology which studies the genetic and biochemical properties of fungi and how they are classified. The practice also studies the poisonous, infectious, edible and entheogenic properties in fungi which is the psychoactive properties that are used to induce spiritual experience. The study of mycology is as a course at NAU, and it offers an explicit opportunity for students to develop introductory skills and knowledge in fungi. “The class itself will talk all about fungi — so fungi that are important to humans and producing beer, bread, and soy sauce, and there are fungi involved in industry,” said NAU mycology professor Catherine Gehring. “There is fungi that cause diseases of plants. There is fungi that helps trees grow. There is fungi that helps other crops grow. Penicillin, you know, one of our first antibiotics, is a product of fungi called penicillium, so, they are useful in all sorts of ways.” As one becomes acquainted with the study and the food sourcing of mushrooms, an amateur may be enticed to delve further into the lifestyle by joining outdoor associations like the Arizona Mushroom Society. “There are a certain number of people who are interested in medicinal species, and we have medicinal species [in Arizona]. We did a very successful medicinal mushroom foray last July on the Mogollon Rim and we found reishi mushrooms and Artist’s Conk, it’s called Ganoderma applanatum, and turkey tails and oyster mushrooms which some people consider to be medicinal,” May said. “The early season tends to be really good for those medicinals because a lot of them grow on wood, and they fruit very early in the monsoon season.” According to the Dr. Axe Food is Medicine website, “Over the past several decades, dozens of different studies conducted in Japan, China, the U.S. and the U.K. have demonstrated that reishi mushrooms are capable of offering protection against numerous diseases or illnesses.” Some conditions that reishi mushrooms can treat include inflammation, chronic fatigue syndrome, urinary tract infections, bronchitis, respiratory infections, liver disease, viruses like the flu, HIV/AIDS and hepatitis. Mycology is one scientific field that can be inclusive to foragers and mycologists at all levels. May notes that people can contribute to mycology by collecting mushroom samples in the wild and sending them to labs for study. “There are not many fields of science where amateurs can make a big contribution. Mycology is one of them. We have a scientific committee in our club and they are actually pretty active ... The scientific committee consist of eight or 10 people who are really interested in that stuff and I’m among them. I have a microscope, and I love to look at the spores prints,” May said. “They will also collect specimens and will send them to the [Robert L. Gilbertson Mycological Herbarium] down at U of A, and we will sometimes send them to other scientists. I have sent them to California and to New Jersey to scientists that are studying different things.” Mycology and mushroom foraging can be exhilarating and rewarding. However, it is imperative Left: Laura Peapenburg shows professor Catherine Gehring a mushroom that was unearthed at to adopt a set of foraging ethics. Daniel Revillini, a graduate student from the biological sciences Aspen Corner Aug. 28. Right: Students in Gehring’s mycology class collect various mushrooms in department at NAU encourages people to learn how to correctly identify edible species to avoid the genuses Amanita, Hypomyces and Boletes. Michael Patacsil | The Lumberjack

AUG. 31, 2017 - SEPT. 06, 2017 | THE LUMBERJACK 13

FEATURES

Toward the end of monsoon season in August, professor Catherine Gehring takes her mycology students to Aspen Corner for hands-on learning Aug. 28. Michael Patacsil | The Lumberjack

interaction with poisonous mushrooms. “There is always look-a-likes, but one of the easiest things to do when you start mushroom foraging is identifying the poisonous ones, know exactly what they look like, and then you know what isn’t poisonous,” said Revillini. “Some people really like the foraging aspect in general and want to try anything that’s edible, so, that’s when you get into more dangerous territory. But most of the time here it’s pretty easy.” Knowledge can be power, and when mushroom foraging, knowledge can be what keeps one from becoming ill ­— or worse. At elevations 3500 feet and above, mushrooms can become more toxic and can have a severe effects on the body causing liver, kidney damage or organ failure. Fungi from the genus Amanita are noted to be one of the more life-threatening fungi that grow in northern Arizona. The Destroying Angel is one species in the genus Amanita, according to the Arizona Poison and Drug Information Center. Those who practice mycology and mushroom foraging may also take spore prints of mushrooms to identify the species and genius. Spore prints can be crucial to the identification process. To take a spore print, one presses the cap or surface of a mushroom on to a flat sheet of paper. Mushrooms generally produce a powdery deposit and will release their print onto the paper during this process. “[Spore prints] are super simple. Sometimes you would do it if you find a mushroom in somebody’s lawn you could easily do a spore print and tell if it’s an Agaricus [mushroom genus]. You can tell the genus pretty quickly with spores prints,” Revillini said. “You would look at gills, under the cap, and look at those.” Also, the color of a spore print, the number of spores that come out of a mushroom and how

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quickly they drop onto paper are what people will compare to other descriptions of mushrooms in guides or keys. “You basically cut the stem off and put the cap on either a black piece of paper or a white piece. It kind of depends. If you know it’s going to be a whitish spore or pink, you might want to use a black piece of paper. A lot of spores are dark brown or black, so, then you would want to use a white piece of paper, but you could put it on both and see what happens,” Revillin said. According to the Mushroom Expert website, relatively mature mushrooms should be used to make spore prints. Young mushrooms and mushrooms that have partial coverings over their gills or pores may not be able to drop the spores needed to make a print. Security procedures are just as vital to one’s safety as mushroom identification. It is important people are aware of their surroundings and the conditions of foraging sites. “Sometimes you get tunnel vision and you zone out and then you’re like, ‘Oh, I don’t know where I am.’ Another thing is, especially for morel hunting, it’s the really windy season in Flagstaff, and you’re in a burn area typically looking for morels. So, most of the time you’re looking at the ground but sometimes you need to be aware to the branches and dead wood above you,” Revellini said. “It can be really dangerous out there sometimes. I have been pretty close to trees falling and massive ponderosas branches snapping off in high winds. You do really have to be aware of your surroundings.” Mycology and mushroom foraging are not confined to experts. They are inclusive fields that allow for experimental learning and independent food sourcing. Whether one is cooking morels into stir fry or cultivating reishi mushrooms into herbal medicines, foraging puts control in the hands of the individual.

CULTURE

Planting seeds of inspiration in Flagstaff Katie Sawyer

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lagstaff resident Jackee Alston had been a hobby gardener and seed-saver for over a decade when she decided to take an impromptu vacation trip to the tiny town of Brandon, Vermont. Brandon is exceptionally small, with a population of just 4,000 residents. Alston however, found the inspiration she didn’t know she was looking for in a tiny seed library. “I think that moment hit me: that if a little town like Brandon, Vermont could have a seed library, then why couldn’t Flagstaff?” said Alston. After more than 12 years of saving seeds and gardening, Alston came home newly inspired to create a seed library for her own community. November 2015, Alston met with the Coconino County Extension Office, where they collaborated to create Grow Flagstaff! Seed Library, encouraging sustainable gardening. Flagstaff’s seed library only requires that community members fill out a form that helps library employees keep track of the seeds. Then, they are able to take home up to five seeds per visit. With 130 library members and 130 seed varieties, there are plenty to choose between. Alston explained how the introduction of a seed library in Flagstaff has done more than promote gardening, but rather bring together the community. At the end of the growing season, the library hopes that growers will have had success with growing their plants, so they can bring back new seeds to the library. By returning the seeds produced from the plant that grew from the original borrowed seed, seed libraries are ensuring growers quality seeds that have been previously successful in the community. Unlike most book libraries, there is no penalty or late fee on these seeds for not being able to return them. Libraries like these have sprouted all over the country, benefiting from the recent rise of interest in sustainable agriculture. With these libraries becoming more readily available, community members are able to become educated in sustainable agriculture. Additionally, they may find a new way to obtain produce. “We have stressed early on that seed saving, and especially proper seed saving, is a learning process; our immediate goal is to just get seeds in the hands of the people and encourage them to grow,” said Pima County Seed Librarian Susannah Connor in an email. Cherise Mead, librarian at the Mesa County Seed Library, explained the benefits of seed libraries beyond their impact on sustainable agriculture. Since their opening, they have already given out more than 3,500 seed packets to library members. “It’s been very exciting to hear the conversations between children and their parents or caregivers as well,” said Mead in an email. “Not all kids make the connection between the plants they see in people’s yards and the food they get from the grocery store. So, it’s awesome to see that light bulb go off when their parents explain to them what the seeds are for. Seed libraries have to deal with outlying variables like climate. Climate is a recurring issue for growers to combat. Northern Arizona has unpredictable weather, with short summers as well as snow and ice in the winter that easily kills a gardener’s hard work.

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The bus-stop garden, outside Grow Flagstaff! Seed Library, offers a public space for the community to enjoy, Aug. 27. Shannon Swain| The Lumberjack

On the other hand, in southern Arizona, the dry, desert climate does not allow for a variety of plant growth. This means that seed libraries have to be cautious with the kinds of seeds they choose to make available to customers. “We wanted to create this locally adapted seed source in Flagstaff because it’s hard in Flagstaff, and the more adapted your seeds are to an area the better your chance of success is … There’s a stigma in Flagstaff that its really hard to garden, and it is. It is hard. We have a lot of things against us in Flagstaff, but it’s not impossible,” Alston said. Tim Bowers has been a member of Grow Flagstaff! since it began and has seen firsthand how the climate in Flagstaff has affected his plants in recent years. “The trick, of course, is to identify which varieties of tomato grow best in Flagstaff. Since a seed library is continually replenished from plants that grew successfully in a local area, it provides a de facto list of adapted varieties,” said Bowers in an email. Bowers researches his seeds carefully before planting them and also uses different tools and adaptations, such as row covers, to help his produce grow in the weather conditions. “Tomatoes are a challenge to start from seed, given the amount of growing time they need compared to the number of frost-free days. It takes a lot of practice to start tomatoes from seed in a protected environment long enough before planting them — practice I am still gaining,” Bowers said. “I had a lot of success with squash this last year, planting them directly in the ground and using a floating row cover. Carrots also grew really well last year, also under a row cover.” A row cover is a fabric tarp

to protect the plants. Pima County has a similar approach, adapting their seeds to the climate in the hope to yield better crops from their members each year. “Because our seeds are donated from all over, not all of them are ideal for the climate in Pima County. Seeds that don’t do well here probably won’t make their way back into the collection because people won’t be able to save seeds from them,” Connor said. “We are always open to experimenting because you never know what might be a surprisingly good fit for your garden.” This is a good way for the Pima County library to see which seeds grow best in the desert climate and also helps them regulate which seeds their customers are able to check out. “As we’re saving and sharing seeds from our strongest plants, the seed stock will grow more acclimated to the local climate. Thus, more gardeners will be able to grow, save and return more seeds,” Connor said. The Mesa seed library has come up with a unique solution to this problem by partnering with Garden Pool. According to their website, it is “a federally recognized international public charity dedicated to research and education of sustainable ways to grow food.” Garden Pool tests the seeds for the germination rate and other important growth qualities to make sure that the seeds will do well in the desert climate, as well as limit the effect of a foreign plant on the environment. For Alston, it’s really about the people who come in that she feels the most connection with. “It became a great outreach [program] where people from all walks of life were coming and using it,” Alston said.

CULTURE The gathering of diverse people at seed libraries throughout the country leaves Alston with a myriad of what she coins, “seed stories.” These are stories about the seed experiences that growers have collected — much like the seeds — over the years. “Some of my favorite seed stories came from a lady brought in some seeds that her grandfather had been growing — hubbard squash, football shaped. It’s delicious!” said Alston. “Anyway, her grandfather had been growing these for 80 years, but he found the seeds in a pot in a cave. So, we call it the cave squash.” Not only do these seeds come with a great story, they are sometimes the last-known descendants of their species. “There was a white Sonoran wheat that was grown in Sonora, Mexico ... And a Tucson seed saver was down there when a little old Abuelita handed him a coffee can full of seeds and said ‘This is the last of the Sonoran white.’ Now, we have this wheat in Flagstaff,” Alston said. Alston enjoys hearing stories like this from seed library members. The more the library grows the more opportunity there is to spread the message of sustainable growing. Seed libraries like Grow Flagstaff! educate the public on how to live sustainably with ease, while also living on a budget. “I don’t know about you, but if you have ever eaten a tomato that you’ve grown yourself from the garden, there’s nothing better,” Alston said. “Pretty soon you don’t want any other tomatoes, you don’t want storebought tomatoes, and you don’t want to see that many fossil fuels being used for your tomatoes to come to you out of season … or at all.”

Carrots, flowers and other vegetables grow in the busstop garden outside the Grow Flagstaff! Seed Library. Shannon Swain| The Lumberjack

Going the distance Darrion Edwards

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was frantically weaving in and out of crowds of people in the Schiphol Airport. I was fighting against the waves of people whose eyes I felt looking at me and noticing how out of place I was. There were two things that made the situation worse: I was miserably lost in the airport with only 15 minutes before my train was to depart, and not a single person around me was speaking English. This was my first experience in Europe and the beginning of my studying abroad experience at the Hanzehogeschool in Groningen, the Netherlands. Located a few hours north of Amsterdam by train, Groningen is a smaller city that reflects a lot of Flagstaff’s characteristics; active people, great environment and college students everywhere. The city is heavily influenced by college students and young-adult life. As I climbed off the train at the Groningen train station, I noticed that everyone was relatively young. Along with both Groningen University and Hanzehogeschool, there was also a huge influence of international lifestyles due to the university’s program for international students. There was an enormous representation of ethnicities from across the globe at the train station with people speaking every language. The most notable thing about the city, however, was how many people rode bikes. There were what seemed like thousands of bikes parked up and down the streets in organized parking lots. There were even more people on their bikes commuting to and from work and school. It was amazing to see everyone so in sync riding bikes and the high amounts of bike traffic. It was easy to tell those who lived here were so in tune with the bike rules of the road, whereas I was as confused as I looked. I struggled to carry my three oversized luggages to my new home — at least for the next six months — and soon ventured out into the city to experience the Dutch lifestyle. The city seemed as if it never rested. Cafés at every corner, restaurants filled with people laughing and chatting and attractions for the incoming group of students who, just like me, decided to move out three weeks before classes even started. The second day I was in Groningen, I came upon an opportunity to join a student-run orientation event that introduced the students to Groningen’s lifestyle and familiarized everyone with what the city had to offer. The week-long event provided a mixture of foreign foods, information about other people’s cultures and countries as well as miles upon miles of bike riding. After my first week in Groningen, I’ve learned that European college students are just as curious as American students about each others’ cultures. Questions were constantly asked about the people and lifestyles of each person’s country. I’ve noticed Dutch students also tend to stay up much later than the average American student, often leaving to enjoy the nightlife at around midnight and not going home until 4 a.m. My experience has been a rewarding one so far. I have met friendly Dutch students who have taught me simple Dutch phrases and have shown some of us international students around the city. I have enjoyed tons of food, mostly pasta, from all the restaurants that outline the city. I even ventured off on my own to explore the bike

Top: The Academy building at Groningen University is one of the oldest buildings in the city. Bottom: Numerous bikes line the racks on the city streets. Photo courtesy of Darrion Edwards

routes of the city. Even though I am living in a country I had never been to and ventured to a continent where I knew no one, the people who I have since met have made me feel at home. As for now, I am preparing for my first day of classes beginning Sept. 4. I hope this study-abroad experience will open me up to cultures across the world and bring new friends into my life.

AUG. 31, 2017 - SEPT. 06, 2017 | THE LUMBERJACK 17

CULTURE

A Lone Wolf Among the Sheep: Upcoming Artist russ reviewed Kaitlyn Sampson

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p and coming rap artist Russel Vitale, known to the music community as Russ, debuted his album There’s Really A Wolf May 5, exciting fans across the world. Known for mixing his smooth voice with mellow and dramatic beats, Russ has a unique sound that draws his audience in. Originating in Atlanta, Russ is a young hip-hop artist rising quickly to stardom. This is his 11th album to be released over the past 10 years — an impressive feat at the age of 24. Hard work and dedication define Russ. His committment has paid off, and he now boasts being a chart topper in Billboard’s Top 100 songs. Russ puts his entire self into his music, which makes him a unique artist in the music industry today. From writing and producing to mixing the music on the tracks, Russ’s style is instantly recognizable. Russ made the decision to have no features on his latest album, similar to what popular hip-hop artist J. Cole did, whose album went platinum with no features in 2014. Russ could very well be the next artist to gain this level of recognition. With so many people having recently discovered his music in the past year, everyone was eager for new material. Baring his heart and soul into his lyrics, Russ’s new album hits deep, singing about the ups and downs of love, as well as his journey to the top as a solo artist. Russ covers topics like new beginnings and the feeling of falling in love, but also complete heartbreak and the fear that comes with the pain of losing someone. Russ also proves that he has worked hard to accomplish his feats through his newest lyrics. The lyrics are meaningful and resonate with listeners through similar life experiences they may have. The songs all have a solid sound, but Russ really proves who he is by delivering his top hits of the album: “Loosin’ Control”, “Pull the Trigger” and “What They Want.” “Loosin’ Control” is a slow song about a girl falling deep in love with no control over the situation. Russ angles the song through his point of view while

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watching a girl cautiously fall in love, being held back by her past broken relationships. She is bringing old painful memories into the new relationship, causing issues. She can’t deny the truth of her feelings, however, as Russ validated them saying “I think it’s alright, girl.” The song gives off old Drake vibes, with the slow beat and being caught up in one’s feelings. This is a track to listen to while going through any relationship issues and brings a sense of peace to listeners. “Pull the Trigger” is a faster-paced song that begins with a simple piano melody that develops into a hard beat. Russ shows his unique voice by calling out other rappers and hip-hop artists that all sound the same and follow mainstream media. He prides himself in writing his own lyrics, along with producing everything. Lines such as “I don’t believe in luck,” and “Pull the trigger, ain’t nobody gonna do it for you,” reference again to the fact that Russ works for himself and no one else to prove his passion for his career. A hype-up song, Russ switches it up and brings variety to his album with “Pull the Trigger.” “What They Want” is a banger for a night out with friends, with a fast-paced beat and lyrics to match. Russ speaks about his struggle to the top and how he has single handedly accomplished everything over the past decade. Through perseverance and believing in himself, Russ knew exactly what we wanted to strive for, and gave his fans the final result. The song shows his independence as an artist and again calls out other rappers that conform to the cookie-cutter shape of the modern artist. Exuding confidence in himself with “What They Want”, Russ makes listeners feel confident and the song is the epitome of what Russ should continue to work toward with his music. Russ’s originality has gotten him far, and he is expected to gain lots of attention from here on out. He has the power to grow from this album and build on his success, as all eyes are on Russ for the future to see what will come next. Will he continue to represent a wolf in a flock of sheep, following only himself and staying true to his sound, or will he eventually fall in the pattern of many of today’s new hiphop artists that have similar sounds? Watch out for any future music by Russ, with hopes that he continues to produce his new sound and stay true to himself in the music industry.

Cover art courtesy of ITunes

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The Weekly Take:

NAU football’s group of misfits

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onvincing highly rated high school athletes to play at NAU is a difficult task to attempt, let alone accomplish. Especially, when it comes to football. I guess the “it’s pretty up here” angle can only get you so far in the recruiting business. For Lumberjack football, there are two complications when it comes to recruiting. The Sun Devils of ASU and the Wildcats of UA. After the two powerhouses of this desert state dry up all the talent, NAU is left with nothing but their chewed-up leftovers. The Lumberjacks don’t stand much of a chance at enticing top prospects — and rightfully so. The team has gone 102-90 since 2000, with a true lack of relevancy since 2013. The only thing taking these recruits’ breath away was the severe altitude. The Lumberjacks are made up of castaways, and that’s how they should keep it. Coming off back-to-back 1,000 yard seasons, a first by an NAU receiver in school history, senior Emmanuel Butler has made KADE his presence well known around the Big GILLISS Sky Conference and the nation. With 26 ASSISTANT touchdown receptions, Butler is No. 2 in SPORTS EDITOR Lumberjack football history. Butler was ranked as a two-star athlete for his time at Mountain Pointe High School in Phoenix where he played tight end. At the beginning of the 2015 season, Case Cookus became the first true freshman quarterback at NAU to start since 2003. The coaches’ confidence in the young signal caller has since paid off as Cookus tore up the field, throwing for over 3,100 passing yards in 2015. He finished with 37 touchdown passes and just five interceptions. The stellar performance led to an impressive trophy case, headlined by the Jerry Rice Award, an annual trophy given out to the most outstanding freshman in NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision. Cookus had to wait until his senior year of high school to be named starting quarterback. He was later found by NAU wide receivers coach Aaron Pflugrad during his time at Ventura Community College. Other names with different stories come to mind when looking at the roster running back Joe Logan and safety Wes Sutton are just a few of the many at NAU. Ignoring the scenic mountain overlooking campus and the green scenery encompassing Flagstaff, the true beauty of NAU football lies within the players. The team has no true identity. There are no names on the back of their jerseys. We will never know who will become the next Emmanuel Butler or the next Case Cookus. As of now, this group of underdogs seek a chance to climb out of the pits of mediocrity, and I have a feeling they will have some more surprises.

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Jake Casteel has been a fixture for the NAU defense. Last season he was ranked No. 3 on the team with 67 total tackles, Aug. 24. Michael Patacsil | The Lumberjack

Hard work fulfills Division I dream Cara Heise

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houlder pads are fitted, the grass crunches under cleats, helmets are put on and chinstraps are snapped into place. August is the official start of the fall football season. Players and coaches prepare all spring and summer for the first game of the season, but before that can ever happen, the recruitment process needs to take place. An undertaking redshirt sophomore linebacker Jake Casteel dealt with the process firsthand. A graduate of Salpointe Catholic High School in Tucson, Casteel was named First Team All-State, National Football Foundation Linebacker of the Year for Arizona, and was First Team All-Southern Arizona during his high school career. He soon received letters and camp invites after capturing the attention of NAU. Casteel finished his career at Salpointe with 167 total tackles and 12 sacks. At the close of his senior season he got a call from Craig Knoth, NAU’s director of recruiting and player development. When he went to Casteel’s house, Knoth received a scholarship offer. The following week, NAU head coach Jerome Souers and defensive coordinator Andy Thompson came and invited him to make a recruiting visit to NAU. “It was pretty cool,” said Casteel. “That was the first time I’ve been up here. It’s kind of like the last step.” On the visit, Casteel had a host who showed him around.

He got to introduce himself to the team and the rest of the coaches. Potential players get a more personal experience being on the campus. “I liked the coaching staff and the guys on the team and the campus,” Casteel said. “Those three things are what sold me.” Casteel had an easy recruitment process. He knew he wanted to play for a Division I school, and when NAU was the only Division I to offer him a scholarship, he took it. Knoth said the hardest thing about recruiting is knowing who the prospective student athletes actually are. Knoth looks at personalities of kids, and said that being truthful, honest and hardworking, are all the character traits coaches look to find. The recruiting process begins during the student athlete’s junior year of high school. In the spring, the player gets two evaluations. Coaches talk to as many people as they can: high school coaches, guidance counselors and teachers to get an idea of who the prospective student athlete is. “Provided it is the permissible time to reach out to the student, [coaches] will reach out to their high school coach, club coach and find out more information,” said Syed Moinuddin, associate athletics director for compliance at NAU. NCAA is known for having strict recruiting guidelines about when coaches and recruiters can contact athletes. After that, they are invited to a summer camp. Coaches see the player’s skills in person, working with them and evaluating them. In the fall, coaches look at highlights of the recruit’s

SPORTS senior year. Since he was little, Casteel knew he was going to play football in college. He has played tackle football since third grade. His dad, Jeff Casteel, is the defensive coordinator at the University of Nevada and was the defensive coordinator at UA when Jake Casteel was in high school. “I wanted to be just like [the players],” Casteel said. “It’s kinda what I’ve always wanted to do was play football and try to do it as long as I could do it.’” High school and college football may be different, but at the college level, everything is a step above. “Everyone [at NAU] was the best player on their high school team, so everyone is good,” Casteel said. “You can’t be last. Everyone’s got to work hard.” Phone calls. Text messages. Direct messages. Camp invites. Unofficial and official visits. Offers. This is the recruitment process in a nutshell. While the list hasn’t changed much, the communication style of recruiting has changed tremendously in the last 10 to 15 years. Phone calls have become less reliable for contacting younger generations, and text messaging has become a much more efficient way of reaching potential recruits. “You can call a kid and never get any contact, but you can shoot them a text right after and get a response,” Knoth said. The modern version of recruiting also takes the form of direct messaging via Twitter. Knoth said it’s one of the easiest ways to get in contact with a prospective student athlete, but recruiting players isn’t always as easy as it sounds. Coaches want to find someone who fits their program. The current players and prospective student athletes need to connect to have a successful program. Personalities are also a big factor in recruiting. “Every kid in recruiting knows the right thing to say for the most part, but it’s [about] who are they when they’re not trying to get recruited,” Knoth said. Prospective student athletes are invited to camps in the spring and summer. While at these camps the student athletes and current players are given the opportunity to show their skills. Coaches see the skills in person, working with them and evaluating them at the camp. The part everyone waits for, an offer, typically happens in the spring. “Football is a developmental sport,” Knoth said. “You’re not the same player at 18 as you were when you were 15. It’s a physical sport and development is kind of key to play at the college level.” When it comes to convincing a recruit to choose NAU, building lasting relationships is a major factor. Relationships can range from the parents’ comfort level with the coaching staff, to the relationship between the positions coach and the recruit. “When it comes down to it and they have a better option, it’s hard as a position coach, and personally, but you know the deal,” Knoth said. “You’re not going to be 100 percent in recruiting.” Recruits can fill out a questionnaire on the NAU Athletics website. Mailing addresses, social media contacts and names of parents are collected into a database. Coaches use this information to get in contact with parents or the athletes before a campus visit. “We also log our contacts with them so you can keep a running total,” Knoth said. “If you’re not necessarily the coach recruiting the kid the most, you can go back and read the comments along the communication.” There are 11 coaches that go out and actively recruit players,

including head coach Jerome Souers. The coaches recruit players from 10 states: California, Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, Colorado, Utah, Oregon, Washington and Hawaii. Each coach is assigned at least two different geographical areas. Recruiting from high schools and junior college is split among the 11 coaches. “When you do it geographically, it’s by schools assigned in your areas. So, you’re hitting high schools and junior colleges at the same time,” Knoth said. “It comes down to the position you’re recruiting and where you are age wise.” The coaches are recruiting players for a total of six to nine weeks. There are three weeks in the spring, one week during Thanksgiving and three more starting the week before Christmas. During the bye week, there are two days to recruit. Football Championship Subdivison (FCS) has a week, the first one in January. Then the last two weeks in January are contact weeks. There is a budget for recruiting, although the number is not sport specific. All men’s teams on the NAU campus the recruiting expenditure is $245,971.84. This makes up to 64.6 percent of the total recruiting expenditure, while women’s teams get $134, 543.85, making up 35.4 percent of the total. Football brings in and spends $3,979,368.95, which is 23.8 percent of the total. The recruiting process consists of prospective student athletes and coaches, but it also consists of the compliance director. This person makes sure coaches are complying with the NCAA Constitution and Bylaws for contact, visits and scholarship offers. “Our number-one responsibility is to provide rules education,” Moinuddin said. “We meet not only with our coaches, our staff and our student athletes, but also the Flagstaff community, our boosters [and] our alumnae. Anybody that has questions regarding NCAA rules, if they are a fan or they are somehow tied to NAU or NAU athletics, we would be their point of contact.” Even telling a student athlete he or she should attend NAU could be an NCAA violation. Every year the NCAA publishes a manual that consists of what coaches and athletes can and can’t do. The manual has sections on recruitment, financial aid, eligibility requirements. It is part of Moinuddin’s job to know and enforce the rules listed in the manual. When it comes to making sure coaches comply with the NCAA constitution and bylaws, Moinuddin, and his assistant, monitor what the coaches do by using several different software systems that allow coaches to log practice hours as well as when and where they contacted and saw recruits. “You never want to lose a sheet of paper that can prove, or can support, you are following the rules,” Moinuddin said. If coaches don’t comply with the rules, Moinuddin gathers all the information needed to self-report the violation. A selfimposed penalty would be given, such as a two week ban of not calling recruits. When a coach breaks a rule, it’s usually an accident. Moinuddin said he has never seen an instance where a coach has intentionally tried to break a rule. “At a smaller school like NAU, we really have to rely on our coaches to really understand the philosophy of institutional control,” Moinuddin said. “The NCAA gives us the responsibility of monitoring our athletic department.” Using the manual as a tool to make sure coaches and student athletes comply with the rules is important. There are many

Jake Casteel, an Arizona native, is one of 43 Arizonans on the NAU roster, Aug. 24. Michael Patacsil | The Lumberjack

complex rules, and it is Moinuddin’s job to make sure everyone is doing exactly what they are supposed to be doing. Once a recruit has committed to an institution, the compliance director assists the student athlete with housing and meal plans. “A normal student, when they apply for housing, they have to go through everything themselves,” Moinuddin said. “Our student athletes are very fortunate because they have a liaison like us in athletics to contact [residence life] for them. We can help them out with any issues they may have.” At the FCS level for football, the institution can only hand out 63 scholarships to student-athletes. Coaches may split up the scholarships, but they are not allowed more than 63. Casteel is one of those scholarship athletes. “It’s a blessing,” Casteel said. “I get to go to school for free. It’s awesome. It’s an opportunity not a lot of people get. So, I’m pretty blessed.” NAU may not have the big city charm of ASU, or the California life of the University of Southern California, but NAU athletics still competes to convince the best athletes to suit up in the blue and gold.

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SPORTS

Khalil Dorsey (right) shined last season as a dual-sport athlete with his efforts in the 110-meter high hurdles and as a defensive back for the Lumberjacks, Jan. 21. Ryan Vanderpool | The Lumberjack

The Dorsey cousins of NAU Athletics Lauren Hunt

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er name is Brittni Dorsey. She hops out of bed to begin her day, attends class, goes to her team’s daily workouts, then she heads to the volleyball court. His name is Khalil Dorsey. He wakes up in the morning and goes for a run to start his day. As he comes back into his room, he checks his planner and examines what he has to do for the day: Class, hurdles practice, then off to football practice. This may seem like a busy schedule to an average student, but, for these two, it’s all worth it the end. Meet the Dorsey cousins. Brittni Dorsey and Khalil Dorsey had a tight bond throughout their childhood, and still do. As kids they saw each other often and spent every holiday together. However, being the only girl in the family surrounded by four guys was a bit difficult

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for Brittni Dorsey growing up. “She was just always quiet just because she has two brothers and I talked to them a lot more,” said Khalil Dorsey. “I think it was just because of the female, male thing. We teased her a lot.” Though, Brittini Dorsey said, the fun and games continue. “It’s just hard because I am the only girl in the family so, when we go see them, they’re always so hard on me and they make fun of me,” said Brittni Dorsey, laughing. Junior middle blocker Brittni Dorsey attended Paraclete High School in Quartz Hill, California where she played varsity volleyball all four years. She had a successful high school career. She was named Female Athlete of the Week her sophomore year by Antelope Valley Press, and she was also named to the First Team All-Delphic League her senior year in 2013. Not only did she earn personal awards throughout high school, but she also led her team to the California Interscholastic Federation (CIF)

quarterfinals twice during her sophomore and senior seasons. Picking NAU was a bit of a difficult decision for Brittni Dorsey, but once she came to Flagstaff to meet the team, she knew it was the right move. “Well, both of my brothers came here, too. So, at first, when I came to visit them, it wasn’t my top choice,” Brittni Dorsey said. “But then I came on my visit and met the team, saw the school and basically just fell in love with it and how the team bonded.” As soon as he saw her, NAU volleyball head coach Ken Murphy was impressed with her ability to work hard. He knew how much potential Brittni Dorsey had as a middle blocker. “She’s fast, and she plays high above the net,” said Murphy. “She kinda brings that raw athleticism. At the time, she was a little bit underdeveloped but you could tell she’s a hard worker and determined to get better. I love seeing that stuff in athletes and saw that in her right away.”

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Brittni Dorsey is ranked seventh in NAU volleyball program history in blocking average, with 1.04 blocks per set, Aug. 22. Wyatt Rutt | The Lumberjack

Murphy was right. As a Lumberjack, Brittni Dorsey has been a valued force on the court. After redshirting her first year, Brittni Dorsey finally stepped onto the court in 2015 as a redshirt freshman. Brittni Dorsey started in 113 of 121 sets her first year. She ranked third on the team with 11 solo blocks, 89 block assists and 100 total blocks. The Lumberjacks had a successful season finishing out 28-5 overall and winning the Big Sky Conference. Brittni Dorsey really made her presence known in her second season at NAU. She appeared in 111 of 118 sets in 20162017. She led the team with 121 block assists and 134 total blocks and was second in solo blocks with 13 blocks. Not only was she impressive within NAU, but she also earned All-Big Sky second-team honor and was named to the Road Runner Classic All-Tournament team. She was ranked fourth in the NCAA with 64 aces, showing her value beyond blocking. The Lumberjacks also had another winning season finishing out 24-8 overall and reaching the Big Sky Conference Tournament again, before falling to North Dakota in the championship. About 85 miles away from Quartz Hill, Khalil Dorsey spent his high school career at Colony High School in Ontario, California, where he played football and was part of the track and field team. Khalil Dorsey was named Defensive Player of the Year in football in the Central Division and helped his team win the CIF Central Division during his senior year. Not only was his football season exciting, but he also qualified for the state championship meet in track and placed fifth in the 110-meter hurdles. Making Khalil Dorsey a Lumberjack wasn’t as easy as one would expect. “It was a struggle to get him to come here because he initially wanted to just run track,” Brittni Dorsey said. “I had to persuade him a little bit, and it still took a lot of it to get him to come here.” Ultimately, Khalil Dorsey chose NAU because he was able

to play football and compete in track and field, something he wouldn’t have been able to do at his other choice, the University of California, Berkeley (Cal). “Well, if I went to Cal, they would’ve signed me for track, and they said I would have had to walk on for football, and I didn’t want to walk on for football,” Khalil Dorsey said. “And I felt like I was more liked, more wanted here, and that’s just how I narrowed it down.” Khalil Dorsey’s first year as a Lumberjack was no disappointment. As a freshman, Khalil Dorsey played in seven out of 11 games. Khalil Dorsey led the team with two interceptions on the season. Due to quarterback Case Cookus’ unexpected injury, the Lumberjacks’ season didn’t go as they had hoped for, ending the season with a 5-6 record. As for track, the Khalil Dorsey’s impact was no different. He came out with four first place finishes on the season, including first place in long jump at the UC Irvine Spring Break Collegiate Classic. He also had top finishes at the Big Sky Indoor Track & Field Championship, where he placed fifth in the long jump and third in the 60-meter hurdles with a time of 8.21 seconds. Going into their seasons, Khalil Dorsey and Brittni Dorsey are confident with where they are and how their seasons will go. “[Spring Practice] felt good,” Khalil Dorsey said. “I’m a little rusty on my technique, but it’s something that we can fix. It was just great being out there, and I had a lot of fun.” As for Brittni Dorsey, she has one goal that she wants to keep in mind throughout this upcoming season. “One of the main goals that stuck out to me that we kind of talk about a lot, is doing the unexpected,” Brittni Dorsey said. “We don’t really care what others think of us but we want to do what the other teams think we aren’t able to do.” The Dorseys both said they look forward to performing at their highest levels in their remaining times as Lumberjacks.

Top: Khalil Dorsey makes an interception against Idaho State University, Oct. 15, 2016. Victoria Kaschl | The Lumberjack Bottom: Last season, Brittni Dorsey was ranked third in the Big Sky Conference and 65th in the NCAA with 1.21 blocks per set, Aug. 22. Wyatt Rutt | The Lumberjack

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