Riding Herd Saying things that need to be said. `january 15, 2026 • www.aaalivestock.com
Volume 68 • No. 1
by LEE PITTS
The Future of Information Dairy Diary BY LEE PITTS
T
NEWSPAPER PRIORITY HANDLING
he newspaper you have in your hands has an interesting history. Decades ago the Livestock Marketing Association started printing the Livestock Market Digest in a most unconventional manner. They printed well over fifty different editions each week for over fifty different auction markets. All that was changed was a square on the front page that identified the auction market sending out the paper and the back page that included the market report, upcoming sales, ads, etc. I grew up reading the Templeton edition and I was always under the impression that the paper was put together in a back room at the Templeton market. But that was the genius of the Digest. The auction markets called in their auction reports the night after that day’s sale and it was printed and mailed the very next day from Norfolk, Nebraska, so that the market’s customers would get the paper before the next week’s sale. This timeliness was imperative for the success of the paper. This worked GREAT for the first 30 or so years of the paper and at one time the Digest had the largest circulation (104,000 readers) of any week-
ly livestock newspaper in the country. Then the Post Office started jacking up their postage faster than green grass goes through a goose. That played havoc with the profitability of the paper. It was bad enough postage rates went through the roof but the Post Office all of a sudden couldn’t deliver the paper in a timely fashion. (This is
the only ones facing this problem, all the other livestock publications were too. (And still are.) Many times the paper would arrive after the date of a bull sale advertised in the paper. Post Office sectional centers became more like warehouses for second class mail and that’s how the Post Office ruined the livestock publishing business model that had existed for well over 50 years. In response, Midwest auction markets turned to early morning radio to get their market report and upcoming sales front and center, but if you missed the farm report you were out of the loop. There simply had to be a better way. Now there is.
When in doubt, let your horse do the thinkin’. even more so today.) The Post Office is so busy delivering Amazon packages they can no longer deliver the mail in a timely manner. And even if the paper might miraculously be delivered on time it often looked like it had been attacked by Edward Scissorhands. Or three weeks newspapers would all arrive on the same day. And we weren’t
Not That A.I. Rising postage rates weren’t the only problem facing newspaper publishers. Printing costs have gone up drastically and newsprint is at times in such
short supply that one weekly newspaper who runs my syndicated column told me they had to physically drive two states away at the spur of the moment to get enough paper for the printer to print that week’s edition. I’ve always wondered, what if we could get rid of the printing costs all together and disassociate ourselves from the U.S. Post Office? Now, thanks to the Internet and cell phones we can. That’s why you’re seeing many weekly papers offer subscription packages like fifty dollars for regular yearly print subscription or thirty dollars for an Internet edition. The idea here is to satisfy many of the baby boomers who still want to hold a newspaper in their hands while also meeting the needs of the younger generations who want to read the periodical on their phone. The idea is that eventually the print edition will be phased out and we’ll be free from the Post Office forever! Hurray!! While some people mourn the death of livestock publishing I see this transitional period continued on page 2
A Civil War Erupts Over Cattle Branding in Nebraska
U.S. Overhauls Citizenship Test to Emphasize Duty, History, and the Privilege of Being assie Lapase- American otes made a
BY PATRICK THOMAS / WALL STREET JOURNAL
C
mistake that nearly made her a felon: running afoul of Nebraska’s cattle-branding rules. Lapaseotes was accused of not having a bill of sale for about 460 of her own calves before moving them from her ranch to her family’s feedlot, one of the largest in Nebraska. “I’m like you’re f— kidding me, right?” she said. “I’m gonna be a felon for branding my own cattle. I literally could not sleep.”
SOURCE: BIG LEAGUE POLITICS
T
he U.S. government has rolled out a revised naturalization test aimed at ensuring new citizens understand not just the process of becoming American—but the responsibility and privilege that come with it. In an early January announcement, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) confirmed it has updated the exams all applicants must pass to obtain U.S. citizenship. “Our new version of the test will ensure all new citizens understand the privilege of citizenship and what it means to be an American,” the agency said.
Before selling cattle in and out of the state, ranchers need to have them inspected by NeA Clear Shift Toward Civic Knowledge braska’s Brand Committee. It is a deputized and National Security state law enforcement agency of nearly 80 indiWhile USCIS did not initially spell out evviduals tasked with preventing theft by checking ery change, agency guidance shows the updated that brands match their registered owners. It also has Nebraska cattle ranchers locked in 2025 civics test aligns with a Jan. 20 national security action issued by Donald Trump. a civil war over the centuries-old tradition. Applicants must pass two exams: Critics say it is an outdated practice that serves no real purpose other than to prop up ■■ An English language test an agency that takes its job way too seriously. ■■ A civics test covering U.S. history, governSometimes brand employees show up at their ment, and constitutional principles feedlots heavily armed and wearing bulletproof The new 2025 civics test is more rigorous continued on page 5
continued on page 4
I
n college I never went home for spring or Christmas break and instead I worked at the various livestock units to make extra money and give the students in charge a chance to go home. I worked at the beef unit, bull test, and several times at the sheep and hog units. I never got a chance to work at the horse unit where a screw-up could cost a lot more money. Killing a $30 lamb was one thing but killing a $40,000 stud was quite another. Oddly enough, my two favorite units to work at were the swine unit and the Project Dairy. Dairy students could bring a cow with them to college and live at the Project Dairy and I was surprised there weren’t more students who took advantage of this program but I figured out that most of them went away to college to enjoy four years of freedom from Holsteins before they went home to milk cows for the rest of their boring lives. I had several dairy major friends and I ended up spending a lot of time at the Project Dairy. I also spent the week before my employment there working with a friend who taught me the essentials so hopefully the dairy students wouldn’t come back to school to learn that their cows were dead or had mastitis. I wasn’t totally alone as there was also a big commercial dairy on campus with full time workers who I could call upon if I had a disaster on my hands and a professor in the dairy department checked on me regularly. This was the best part of working on the various units as I got to know the professors really well and as a result was always the teacher’s pet in their classes. I shot pool and worked stock dogs regularly with the professor in charge of the sheep unit who was also a groomsman in my wedding. The professor in charge of the beef unit became one of my best friends and got me my first two jobs in the cattle business and the swine professor also became a lifelong friend. I ended up taking an artificial insemination class from the dairy professor who watched over the Project Dairy and also sheared his kid’s lambs for the county fair. The first thing I learned at the dairy is that dairy cows are not the same species as beef cows. Dairy cows ac-
continued on page 4
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Livestock Market Digest
FUTURE
cont from pg 1
as a rebirth and an exciting time to be engaged in what could be a very profitable business model without printing or postage costs. The Drovers Journal made the move to the Internet completely years ago. While some may say new companies will be the ones to generate new online publications, I think it’s going to be the old reliable print publishers that come out on top for primarily two reasons: #1 The publishing companies have something the Internet does not: lists of paying customers and #2, the ability to generate feature stories, commentary, columnists who are already established, bull and female sale ads and sale reports. The Internet gobbles up content like steers do feed in a feedlot and to fill the Internet airwaves with all the information the rancher needs these days will require mountains of content and that’s what the existing publications have always excelled at. Publishers and editors are getting creative too. For example, publisher John Goggins at the Western Ag Reporter based out of Billings is offering a spoken word option to the package so you can HEAR the news and commentary instead of reading it. And thanks to artificial intelligence (AI) there are now computer programs that can read print and transform it into the spoken word. You can even pick the voice you want to hear. So even though that guy on the Internet may sound a little like Sam Elliott it’s just a great example of artificial intelligence at work. But that doesn’t mean the competition won’t be fierce in this new age of information.
A Game Changer I think I have seen the future and it goes by the name DV Auction. You probably know DV Auction for its bidding platform that allows users to see and bid on cattle in real time, not only at 120 auction markets across the
country but also the 2,000 purebred sales it broadcasts yearly, making it the largest such firm in the business. The company was started in 1999 by Dan Broz and five partners and it has revolutionized the livestock industry by introducing real-time online auction broadcasting and providing unprecedented access to cattle markets across the country. DV’s National Beef Wire features real time price indexes, Steer Tracker, Cow Calf Today, auction market reports, commodity prices. and dozens of “channels” like the Red Angus channel, Beefmaster Breeders United, North American Limousin, Joplin Regional Stockyard and on and on. The company’s subsidiaries, National Beef Wire and Feeder Flash, have become vital resources for cattle producers, traders, and agri-business professionals, delivering real-time pricing, market analysis, and industry news. For me the real star of the show is Corbitt Wall who hosts his show called Feeder Flash every weekday on the National Beef Wire and also appears on YouTube. Corbitt was already a Midwestern celebrity market reporter before joining DV and to date he has put together over 2,300 episodes since the launch of his show in 2014. He also has 21,000 YouTube subscribers, and National Beef Wire has 211,000 daily newsletter recipients who get all this for free. Broz, the founder, was a visionary and what began as an idea became the industry-leading company. But on August 4, 2025, Broz announced that DV Auction had been sold to a new ownership group who plans to expand content offerings, integrate advanced technologies, and further engage with the agricultural community to meet the evolving needs of the industry.
CLARA What ranchers have always wanted and needed was up-to-
the minute market reports and breaking news. Thanks to new technology, they no longer have to wait for two weeks for old market reports that come via the Post Office. Instead, they can use something DV Auction calls CLARA which stands for Cattle Livestock Analytics and Reporting AI which is a groundbreaking tool designed to provide real-time, data-driven insights into the livestock market. CLARA is an advanced AI-driven platform that consolidates market data from over 200 cattle auctions across the United States. It provides industry stakeholders with up-tothe-minute insights on national steer prices, boxed beef trends, cattle placements, and more. By leveraging decades of historical data alongside real-time reporting, CLARA helps producers make informed decisions with confidence. Key Features of CLARA include:
4. State Buying Guide: Designed to assist cattle buyers, this feature compares state-level pricing and weight class trends, helping buyers determine the most cost-effective purchasing opportunities.
1. National Steer Pricing System (NSPS): The NSPS provides real-time, weighted average steer prices for every weight group, market, and state. By utilizing consistent calculations across all sources, it eliminates regional biases and ensures accurate price tracking.
6. CLARA’s Charts & Projections: For visual learners, CLARA generates charts and projections that break down market trends, pricing patterns, and supply changes. Whether tracking beef imports, feeder cattle prices, or crop impacts, these visual tools simplify complex data for better decisionmaking.
2. Cattle Barometer: A market sentiment tool that evaluates bullish or bearish conditions on a scale from 1 to 100. This metric incorporates factors like cash feeder market trends, beef prices, cattle trade data, and macroeconomic indicators to assess market confidence. 3. CLARA LIVE: With realtime auction monitoring, CLARA LIVE offers continuous updates on cattle sales, price trends, and buyer activity from key sale barns nationwide. This feature ensures that industry professionals can make quick, data-backed decisions.
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5. Market Reporting & Analysis: CLARA delivers comprehensive insights through:
■■ Sale Barn Today: Live up-
dates on cattle auction prices, comparing daily sales.
■■ Boxed
Beef Reports: Analysis of boxed beef prices and market trends.
■■ Cattle On Feed Reports:
In-depth reports on feedlot placements, marketings, and inventory.
■■ Calf Tracker & Calf Report: Detailed analysis on calf pricing and supply movements.
7. Interactive Tools: CLARA integrates interactive features such as:
■■ Cattle Compass: A tiered pricing system categorizing sales into market segments.
■■ Image Recognition: Users can upload images of cattle or beef cuts for identification and pricing assistance.
■■ Custom Reports & News
Center: Personalized market reports and breaking industry news at users’ fingertips. CLARA bridges the gap between traditional cattle marketing and modern analytics, making it easier for producers to navigate price fluctuations, supply chain dynamics, and economic factors. By harnessing AI-driven insights, it empowers producers, traders, and buyers to make data-informed decisions with unprecedented clarity and efficiency.
Pay To Play Despite having a leg up on
the competition, that doesn’t mean DV Auction has a monopoly on the information business. After they exited the publishing business 25 years ago because of the Post Office, the Livestock Marketing Association has jumped back into the information business with LMA Ringside and LMAAuctions which produce live, online auctions of over 100 auction markets across the country. Last year, Western Video Market bought into a company called CCI that is also a leader in broadcasting purebred sales across the country. There is a lot of potential here for replicating what DV Auction has done. The one thing DV Auction doesn’t do well at the moment is provide sale reports on all the bull sales across the country. They are also missing out on a big chunk of purebred bull and female sale advertising as a result. The firm or firms that provide the best sale reports the fastest may well be the big winner. There may even be a channel that that’s all they do. If so, I expect it would draw lots of eyeballs and paying subscribers. No doubt another big player will be the Goggins family in Montana who own not only the very popular Western Ag Reporter but Northern Livestock Video, and their Pays and Billings Livestock Auctions, among others. They could combine their large paid circulation, loyal readership and extremely readable newspaper with the pricing information produced by their sales to produce an internet juggernaut. There are many other selling platforms that could easily serve as the backdrop for new online livestock periodicals. But again, the key here is that existing livestock publications have something the Internet periodicals are sorely lacking: paid subscribers. To subscribe to DV Auction all one has to do is click on a box. No money changes hands. We expect to see what is currently happening with television and the National Football League. If you wanted access to many NFL games this season you had to pay up. And subscribers to livestock publications have already shown that they are willing to do so. As for the big elephant in the room, Superior Livestock Auction, it was sold back in 2013 to National Livestock Credit which began doing business back in 1931. The primary objective of the organization was to market
January 15, 2026
Livestock Market Digest
livestock for its members. When the long-established practice of selling livestock by “private treaty” eventually gave way to selling at public auction, their Oklahoma National Stockyards became “The World’s Largest Stocker and Feeder Cattle Market.” Since then, National has added auctions at the Southern Oklahoma Livestock Auction and OKC West Livestock Market. On January 14, 2022, National bought the venerable Western Livestock Journal from the Crow family who had owned WLJ since 1922. At the time many scratched their heads at the match and I don’t know if this was the plan all along but Superior is in the cat bird’s seat as far as potential to be a serious challenger to DV Auctions, blending WLJ’s content and paid subscribers with Superior’s huge reach. For years Superior has proven they can provide interesting content with their many Superior produced shows. And with the plethora of auctions it produces yearly, along with a separate division that broadcasts purebred auctions, their Western Livestock Journal internet channel would be a formidable foe to DV Auction, or anyone else for that matter. It wouldn’t be surprising to see many more mergers and acquisitions in the future as marketing firms attempt to use newly acquired or created Internet periodicals in an attempt to attract new eyeballs, big advertising budgets and new paying customers for all the marketing information they generate. Of course, switching from the Post Office to the Internet will allow house organs like state publications and breed publications to provide more information to their customers while spending less to do so. For these reasons, and many others, I’d venture to say that we aren’t looking at the demise of livestock publishing, in fact it’s quite the opposite. Instead, the next few decades could very well be its Golden Age.
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The Time of Our Lives
H
ere’s just a small sampling of the information generated by CLARA at DV Auction. It documents a period in history that forever will be fondly remembered by cattlemen and women across the country. * Glasgow Stockyards (MT) posted the highest reported prices in the country so far on Thursday for 4-, 5-, and 6-weight steers, with 23 head at 421 lbs bringing $592.50, 10 head at 530 lbs bringing $482.00, and 35 head at 615 lbs bringing $427.00.
■■ Sioux Falls:; Best Day
For 5-Wts In Barn History
■■ •All of the top ten high-
est prices ever paid for 8-weight steers at Joplin Regional Stockyards occurred on October 13, 2025. The highest was $393.50/cwt for 183 head averaging 821 lbs. Other top sales that day included 195 head at 802 lbs selling for $386.00/cwt, and 85 head at 805 lbs bringing $383.00/cwt. These records reflect the strongest 8-weight steer market ever documented at the Joplin barn.
■■ At
Joplin Regional Stockyards, the highest price paid last week for 7-weight steers was $378.00/cwt for a draft of 241 head averaging 744 lbs, sold on December 8, 2025. The all-time highest price for 7-weight steers at Joplin remains $411.00/ cwt on a 70-head draft averaging 727 lbs, sold on October 13, 2025.
To date, there have been eight steer sales of 7-weights (10 head or more) that have reached $400.00/cwt or higher at Joplin.
■■ Bassett Livestock Auc-
tion (Bassett, NE) hosted the largest feeder cattle sale in the country on December 10, 2025, with receipts totaling over 5,200 head on a very active day across the national market. The sale was dominated by 6-weight steers, which accounted for 36 percent of total steer receipts, and 7-weights, which made up 25 percent.
■■ Huron
Continental (Huron, SD) reported two 9-wt sales on Tuesday (12/9/25): 56 head averaging 953 lbs at $336.00, and 63 head averaging 997 lbs at $327.50. These sales ranked 1st and 3rd in the United States for 9-wts on Tuesday and set new barn records, ranking 4th and 8th in barn history.
■■ Steer prices were most-
ly mixed on Thursday, with the sharpest gains seen in the 300–399 lb weight class. The 3-weight average jumped $61.09 to $601.98, the highest level since October 23rd, led by strong sales at Ogallala Livestock.
■■ Torrington
Livestock Markets in Torrington, WY posted the top two 4-weight steer sales in the United States on Wednesday, with 42 head at 459 lbs bringing $569.00 and 16 head at 408 lbs at $567.50. The barn also recorded the highest 5-weight sale in the country with 25 head at 509 lbs selling
Page 3
for $512.00.
■■ Bassett
Livestock in Bassett, NE set a new all-time U.S. record on Wednesday as 6-weight steers reached $500.00/ cwt for the first time ever. Two standout groups—200 head at 620 lbs and 25 head at 627 lbs—sold for exactly $500.00, marking a major milestone in the American cattle market.
■■ The
Choice boxed beef cutout was reported at $368.28/cwt on Wednesday, down $1.81 from the previous day. Select boxed beef was priced at $355.51/ cwt, a decrease of $0.42, narrowing the Choice-Select spread to $12.77. Load count totaled 175, down from 215 the day prior.
■■ Valentine Livestock in
Valentine, NE posted the highest feeder steer prices in both the 5-weight and 6-weight categories on Thursday, November 20, 2025. The top 5-weight sale was 68 head at 501 lbs selling for $498.00, while the leading 6-weight trade was 22 head at 604 lbs bringing $434.00.
■■ Hub
City Livestock Auction in Aberdeen, SD, posted the top four 9-weight feeder cattle sales in the country on Wednesday, November 12. Leading the way were 60 head at 989 lbs selling for $357.25/cwt, 62 head at 959 lbs at $356.00/cwt, 36 head at 962 lbs at $354.75/ cwt, and 66 head at 921 lbs bringing $353.50/ cwt.
■■ Sidney Livestock Market Center in Sidney,
MT, posted the top six highest 3-weight calf sales in the country on Wednesday, November 12, including standout trades of 10 head at 339 lbs for $650.00/ cwt, 24 head at 331 lbs for $640.00/cwt, and 25 head at 319 lbs for $632.50/cwt.
■■ Fallon
Livestock in Fallon, Nevada, posted standout sales on Tuesday for 3-weight steers, marking some of the highest prices ever recorded at the barn. The top lot included 73 head weighing 353 lbs that brought $530.00/ cwt, ranking as the fourth-highest 3-weight price in the barn’s history. Additional notable sales included 13 head at 315 lbs for $510.00/ cwt (6th highest) and 18 head at 390 lbs for $425.00/cwt (9th highest).
■■ On
Tuesday, Philip Livestock in Philip, South Dakota, recorded the highest feeder cattle prices in the United States for 3-, 4-, and 5-weight steers. Standout sales included 22 head at 394 lbs bringing $595.00/cwt, 11 head at 413 lbs bringing $565.00/cwt, and 110 head at 507 lbs bringing $509.50/ cwt.
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Livestock Market Digest
CITIZENSHIP HERD
cont. from page 1
tually round themselves up and aren’t always looking for ways to kill you. I liked that they were more hands on, there were no bulls around and you knew where all of them were all the time. On the other hand, because they were much bigger it hurt a lot more when one of them “accidentally” (I think they did it on purpose) stepped on your toes. And they produced a lot more manure which was always in a liquid state. I learned real fast that they could directionally aim a hoof or a belly full of alfalfa. The week I spent at the Project Dairy there were twelve cows to be milked twice a day. All I had to do to round them up was rattle the grain sack. I milked four at a time, squirting them off, attaching the teat cups, taking them off and dipping their teats afterwards. Then I opened the stanchion and
repeated twice more. I also had to be an alfalfa chucker and make sure there was plenty of hay in front of them. Because I didn’t have a vehicle, my friend who was working at the sheep unit would come and get me and we’d eat at an upscale apartment complex for hoity-toity rich kids where my friend had a meal plan. As a guest I dined on all you can eat hamburgers and unlimited chocolate milk shakes. I’d arrive wearing my rubber boots that smelled like well-aged hog poop and soiled dairy cows while my sheep friend carried the overpowering smell of KRS. We grossed out all the snobs and after just two days we were invited to NEVER come back. I really enjoyed the experience but after a week at the Project Dairy I realized I didn’t want to be a fodder forker, wear hip boots for the rest of my life or become a prisoner of lactation.
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cont from pg 1
than its predecessor. It consists of 20 oral questions drawn from a pool of 128, with applicants required to answer at least 12 correctly to pass. Failing nine or more questions results in automatic failure. By contrast, the older 2008 test required six correct answers out of 10 questions drawn from a pool of 100. The updated test applies to applicants who filed Form N-400 after Oct. 20, 2025. Those who applied earlier will continue under the 2008 standard.
What Applicants Are Being Tested On According to USCIS materials, the 2025 test covers:
■■ The structure and form of U.S. government
■■ The number of constitutional amendments
■■ The meaning of the rule of law
■■ The makeup of Congress and the Supreme Court
January 15, 2026
■■ Who wrote the Declaration of Independence
■■ Which war ended slavery ■■ The identification of an
American Indian tribe Special exemptions remain in place for lawful permanent residents aged 65 or older who have lived in the U.S. for at least 20 years. These applicants study a reduced set of 20 questions and may take the test in the language of their choice, though they must still answer six out of 10 questions correctly.
English Language Requirement Reinforced The English portion of the test remains a cornerstone of naturalization. Applicants must demonstrate basic reading, writing, and speaking proficiency, assessed directly by a USCIS officer during the interview. The emphasis on English follows President Trump’s March 1 action formally designating English as the official language of the United States. “From the founding of our Republic, English has been used as our national language,” Trump wrote. “A nationally designated language is at the core of a unified and cohesive society.”
Left-Wing Groups Object as Public Support Remains Strong The move sparked predictable backlash from activist organizations such as League of United Latin American Citizens, which criticized the English designation as “exclusionary.” But polling suggests the American public is firmly behind the change. A March survey from Pew Research Center found that 82 percent of U.S. adults say it is at least “somewhat important” for English to be the nation’s official language. Support was strongest among Republicans, with nearly three-quarters calling it “extremely” or “very” important.
America First Standard for Citizenship The revised test marks a broader shift toward restoring seriousness to U.S. citizenship—treating it not as a paperwork exercise, but as a commitment to American history, shared language, and constitutional values. For millions who followed the legal process, studied the nation’s founding principles, and pledged allegiance to the United States, the message is clear: citizenship is earned— and it matters.
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January 15, 2026
Livestock Market Digest
BRANDS continued from page 1 vests. Rancher Rusty Kemp calls his brand his ‘return address.’Rancher Rusty Kemp calls his brand his ‘return address.’ RUSTY KEMP Lapaseotes was threatened with a $92,000 fine before she corrected the paperwork issue and was let off with a warning. She said the incident highlights what’s wrong with the system: over policing and overcharging for an outdated service. Opponents of the state’s system say people don’t really steal cows out of feedlots anymore, and that some cattlemen now steer clear of Nebraska because of its requirements. Adding to the complexity: The state’s brand-inspection laws are only enforced in the western two-thirds of Nebraska, so even moving cattle within the state without the right paperwork can land someone on the wrong side of the law. “It is our most divided issue,” said Brenda Masek, former president of the Nebraska Cattlemen Association and a member of the Brand Committee leadership. Rancher Rusty Kemp holds an annual branding at his ranch in Tryon that’s been attended by Nebraska Senator Pete Ricketts. He says the brand is his “return address.” It helps ranchers identify the owner of a lost or stray animal and has long deterred theft. Ranchers like Kemp who support the laws say it is a birthright to brand cattle with their family crests. “The best law enforcement is proactive, not reactive,” Kemp said. “This is no different than selling a car. You’ve got to check the VIN number.” The split largely falls between cattle feeders and cow/calf producers. Feeders are ranchers who own feedlots where they fatten cattle and sell them to meatpackers. Producers raise calves on pastures until they are old enough to be sold at auction to a feedlot. The stakes for losing cattle are unusually high. Ranchers have been shrinking their herds, creating a shortage of livestock that has driven cattle prices to record highs. Masek, from the Brand Committee, says the agency wants to address cattle feeders’ concerns about feeling overpoliced but
has received little evidence of it. “I tend to worry about the legitimacy of some of these complaints,” she said. She said inspectors wear bulletproof vests because they are technically state sheriffs and once helped bust a drug smuggling ring. Hot-iron branding on livestock goes back thousands of years. The first brand recorded in Nebraska was in 1855. As herds grew, the state began recording which ranches owned what brands. Nebraska rancher Shaun Loughery said his family’s brand was the first ever registered with the state in 1899; the symbol hangs above the entrance to his ranch as a point of pride. In 1941, Nebraska formed a state Brand Committee to protect livestock owners from theft. The committee requires inspections when cattle change ownership in or out of the brand area. Feedlots are audited quarterly and pay an annual fee of about $1 per head of livestock their lot can hold. Cow/calf ranchers also pay an annual fee. Brad Foote, a feedlot operator in western Nebraska with 62,000 cattle, considers brand rules “a tax with no benefit.” He says cattle rustling is a thing of the past but pays an annual fee of $62,000. Foote advocates for a voluntary system like they have in Kansas. The debate has spilled over into the halls of the Nebraska capital in Lincoln where lawmakers are considering changes, like lowering annual fees feedlots pay to the committee. State lawmakers listened to ranchers debate the merits of the branding rules in a packed conference room in Kearney in October. Opponents testifying, including Lapaseotes, argued the rules are bad for business. Ranchers in states as far apart as Virginia and California are choosing not to send their cattle to Nebraska. Jake Wolfinger, a feedlot owner near Lexington, moves cattle between feedyards in brand-inspected and non-brand-inspected areas of Nebraska. He says it’s a frustrating logistical process that requires extensive paperwork. He buys cattle from ranchers who haven’t branded their animals. They instead give him their health records so Wolfinger can prove he didn’t steal them. Ranchers supporting brands say feedlots are the last line of
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defense before slaughterhouses and must be inspected. Levi Fisher, a fourth-generation rancher, says it’s easier for cattle to be stolen or get lost in the western half of the state where fences tend to be of poorer quality. Fisher, whose brand has been passed down through the years, is also a banker for cattlemen; he uses brands to verify that a rancher is reporting the correct size of their operation when seeking a loan. Other ways to identify cattle, like ear tags, are removable, but brands are permanent, he says. Jerome Kramer, the sheriff of cattle-heavy Lincoln County, says cattle theft does happen, but is not as rampant as it could be if the state’s brand rules changed. “Why do you want to change something that’s working?” he said.
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New World Screwworm Cases in Mexico, Adding Pressure to Livestock Markets & Trade Decisions. RFD-TV NEWS STAFF
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ew World Screwworm remains isolated in Mexico, but it is closer to the U.S. southern border than ever before. The first new case was in a calf located less than 200 miles from the U.S. border, marking the parasite’s closest approach to America. The second case was reported the following day in a goat near Mexico City. Rich Nelson, chief strategist with Allendale, Inc., told RFDTV News that the markets are closely watching that action this week. “We’re watching those two updates from last week where USDA did confirm this discussion about two new cases of screwworm in Mexico,” Nelson said. “One of those cases was within 200 miles of the border. So as far as it stands, starting out this week, a little premium is still being added from that screwworm concern -- and the confirmation that we will not be raising that or opening that Mexican border.” Authorities report more than 13,000 cases of New World Screwworm in Mexico since late 2024.
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Page 5
Judge Blocks Massive Logging Project in Southern Montana BY EDVARD PETTERSSON / COURTHOUSE NEWS
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federal judge vacated the U.S. Forest Service’s (USFS) approval of a massive logging project that would have cut down about 16,500 acres of pine trees in the Custer Gallatin National Forest in southern Montana, just north of Yellowstone National Park. Senior U.S. District Judge Donald Molloy in Missoula, Montana, agreed with a collective of environmental advocates that the USFS failed to meet the requirements of the National Environmental Policy Act by relying on a condition-based management approach, which doesn’t identify the location of the 56.8 miles of temporary roads for the project and, as such, doesn’t adequately consider their impact on “secure habitat” for grizzly bears. Condition-based management defers specific decisions on how to proceed in specific locations until the USFS has conducted field reviews. Here, it means the USFS has preliminarily identified areas as suitable for logging without identifying the precise location and size of the area to be cleared, or the location and configuration of the temporary roads needed. “But what makes this case unique is the enduring dilemma of grizzly bears and roads,” Molloy, a Bill Clinton appointee, observed. “The Forest Service evaluated the impacts on the landscape if all 56.8 miles of temporary road were implemented at the same time and explained how it identified the likely location of those roads,” the judge said. “But it is the precise location of those roads, not their total mileage, that determines the impact they will have on grizzly bear secure habitat. And the USFS does not purport to analyze a ‘worst
case’ scenario based on road placement, as opposed to mileage.”
Molloy’s conclusions in part overturned the recommendations of a magistrate judge earlier this year who heard oral arguments on the parties’ motions for summary judgment and sided with the USFS. Representatives of the USFS didn’t immediately respond to a request on the judge’s ruling. The South Plateau Landscape Area Treatment Project is slated for a region of Montana’s Greater Yellowstone ecosystem comprised of old-growth trees that sequester carbon and provide habitat to several wildlife species. The USFS approved the project in 2022, concluding that neither the Canada lynx nor grizzly bear populations would be jeopardized. The Center for Biological Diversity and the Alliance for the Wild Rockies sued the USFS and the government over the logging plan in September 2023. In December, three more conservation groups — Gallatin Wildlife Association, Native Ecosystems Council and Wildearth Guardians — filed a separate suit challenging the same action. The court merged the cases and allowed Sun Mountain Lumber to intervene as a defendant. “This ruling makes it clear that agencies can’t just rubberstamp massive logging projects and promise to sort out the details later,” said Kristine Akland, a senior attorney at the Center for Biological Diversity. “The court saw right through the US Forest Service’s vague plans and determined that moving targets aren’t good enough, especially when threatened animals and treasured public lands are at stake. This is a great ruling for grizzlies, Canadian lynxes and the entire Yellowstone ecosystem.”
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Page 6
Livestock Market Digest
New ‘Product of USA’ Rep. Doug Labeling Rules in Place For LaMalfa, Meat, Poultry Influential Northern CA nly meat and poultry from animals, born, raised, har- Lawmaker, vested and processed in the United States can be voluntarily labeled “Product of USA” under new USDA Dies at 65 rules that are in effect with the start of 2026. BY FRANK FUHRIG / MEATINGPLACE.COM
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The rule, which was issued in March 2024, no longer allows products from live imports to receive the USA label, even when slaughtered and processed domestically. The major impacts are on live imports of hogs from Canada and cattle from Mexico. Imports of Mexican cattle reached about 1.25 million head in 2024 but were halted for most of 2025 due to the spread of New World screwworm south of the border. The National Pork Producers Council (NPPC) said it was “concerned that the regulation will strain the relationships between the United States and its trading partners, particularly Canada and Mexico, both of which send significant numbers of live animals to the United States for feeding and processing.” Packers and processors who choose to use such labeling can print “Product of USA,” “Made in USA” or an American flag on their packaging, but must be able to verify the domestic sourcing claim. All ingredients — including meat from multiple species as in many sausage varieties — must then comply with the U.S. product standard, with the only exception for spices and flavorings. State labeling is also allowed by the same standards. The rule, as implemented January 1, does allow meat to be labeled as processed in the U.S. from imported livestock. “While billed as voluntary, the new rule likely will have the effect of being mandatory since it creates a strong incentive for producers to prefer domestic animals to imported ones so they can use the ‘Product of USA’ claim,” NPPC said. “That could have a detrimental impact on imports of live animals and already has prompted Canada to file a dispute over the labeling rule with the World Trade Organization.”
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epublican Representative Doug LaMalfa, a longtime and influential politician in Northern California, has died at the age of 65. LaMalfa represented California’s 1st Congressional District since 2013, covering much of the rural North State, including Redding, Chico, and large portions of the Sacramento Valley. Before serving in Congress, he held seats in both the California State Assembly and Senate. A rice farmer by trade, LaMalfa built his political career around advocating for agriculture, water reliability, and rural communities. He was one of Northern California’s most influential leaders in ongoing water rights battles, frequently pushing back against state and federal policies he believed limited water access for farmers and communities. In recent years, LaMalfa was also a leading critic of wolf reintroduction and expansion in Northern California, arguing that growing wolf populations posed risks to livestock, ranchers, and public safety. As a fourth-generation farm-
January 15, 2026 er in Northern California, Doug used his deep understanding of water and natural resources issues to institute changes to federal law following the 2017 Oroville Dam crisis and 2018 Camp Fire in Paradise, California. In 2024, Doug was unanimously elected to serve as the Chairman of the Congressional Western Caucus for the 119th Congress – one of the largest congressional membership groups on Capitol Hill, focusing exclusively on rural policy issues throughout the West and beyond. Throughout his political career, Doug was a longtime Reagan conservative who believed in limited government, low taxes, and traditional values. “LaMalfa was a dedicated member of the House Committee on Natural Resources and Chairman of the Western Caucus where his advocacy and leadership will be missed,” said Committee Chairman Bruce Westerman. Congressman Doug LaMalfa was a devoted husband, a dedicated father to four beautiful children, and a new grandfather. President Trump acknowledged LaMalfa’s death Tuesday, calling him a “fierce champion on California water issues.” Colleagues from both parties remembered him as a principled, determined advocate who fought relentlessly for the North State’s natural resources and way of life. LaMalfa’s death leaves a significant void in Northern California politics and in national debates over water, land use, and wildlife management.
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Don’t Ignore Cow Size When Comparing Calf Weaning Weights BY KENNY BURDINE, UNIV.OF KY / SOUTHERN AG TODAY
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hile I have heard discussions around the topic, I have never been one to believe that an “optimal” cow size exists. Every ranch or farm is unique and operates in a different production and market environment. Whenever this question comes up, I simply reply that I don’t really care what cows weigh, as long as they are weaning enough pounds of calf each year to be profitable. But even that is a fluid discussion as it is impacted by the market. For example, a cow does not have to wean as large of a calf to be profitable in 2025 as she would have in 2022. The reality is that producers make culling decisions each year based on the best information they have at the time. While record keeping has never been high on the list of things that cow-calf operations enjoy, it is extremely important and should be used to drive these decisions. Well managed cow-calf operations track weaning weights on individual calves and tie each calf back to its dam. By doing that, productivity can be measured for each individual cow. On the other hand, it is nearly impossible to track production costs on an individual cow basis. Producers with good financial records likely have a solid understanding of what it costs them to maintain the average cow in their herds. This distinction is import-
ant when one considers how to use production records to make culling decisions. Larger cows tend to wean larger calves, but they are also more expensive to own. While it is not easy to observe, they will consume more hay, feed, pasture, and mineral as they maintain their larger bodies and one can make a case that vet / medicine, yardage, transportation and other expenses will be higher for larger cows too. The simple point being that if one is making culling decisions based on calf weaning weights alone, they are likely to be disproportionately culling more of their smaller cows. By doing this over time, the average size of their cows increases, and their costs trend upward. Several years ago, I put together an Extension presentation aimed at illustrating this point and encouraging producers to consider cow size in their culling decisions. I used a simple budget approach and estimated cost adjustments for various sized cows. I even included a higher cull value on those larger cows, which is relevant to the discussion. Using this approach, it appeared that an operation needed to wean about 50 more lbs of calf for every additional 100 lbs of mature cow they were maintaining. While I am not suggesting this approach was perfect, I do think it did a good job illustrating the concept. Basing culling decisions solely on weaning
Anthrax Confirmed in a Briscoe County, Texas Steer
T
exas Animal Health Commission (TAHC) officials received confirmation of anthrax in a steer, on a premises in Briscoe County on December 31, 2025. This is the first reported case of anthrax in Texas this year. The premises is located 5 miles north of Silverton, Texas, and has been quarantined. TAHC rules require proper disposal of affected carcasses on the premises prior to release of the quarantine. Anthrax is a bacterial disease caused by Bacillus anthracis, which is a naturally occurring organism with worldwide distribution, including certain parts of Texas. Anthrax cases in Texas are most often found in a triangular area bound by the towns of Uvalde, Ozona, and Eagle Pass. However, anthrax was confirmed in Briscoe County in 2020 and 2023, and other locations in the Texas panhandle have been identified since then. “Zoonotic diseases like anthrax pose a risk to both animal and human health,” said Dr. Bud Dinges, TAHC state veterinarian and executive director. “This case serves as a reminder to monitor and vaccinate susceptible animals, reduce human exposure, and consult a veterinary practitioner if you suspect your animals are exposed.” An increase in anthrax cases after periods of wet, cool weather, followed by hot, dry conditions is common. In these conditions, animals ingest the odorless, colorless, and tasteless anthrax bacteria when they consume contaminated grass and hay or by inhaling the spores. Outbreaks usually end when cooler weather arrives. After exposure to anthrax, it typically takes three to seven days for animals to show clinical signs. Once symptoms begin, death usually occurs within 48 hours. Acute fever followed by rapid death with bloody discharge from body openings are signs of anthrax in livestock. If a noticeable amount of deer or exotic wildlife are found dead, and carcasses show bleeding characteristic of anthrax, remove livestock from access to carcasses immediately. Owners of livestock and animals displaying clinical signs consistent with anthrax or experiencing death of animals should contact a private veterinary practitioner or a TAHC official immediately. Producers are encouraged to follow basic sanitation precautions when handling affected livestock or carcasses. It is recommended to wear protective gloves, long sleeve shirts, and to wash thoroughly afterward to prevent accidental spread of the bacteria to people. For more information on how anthrax affects humans please visit: www.dshs.texas.gov/IDCU/disease/anthrax/ Information.aspx
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weight can be misleading – especially when the herd has cows of varying size. While I don’t think there is an “optimal” sized cow, I know those larger cows must be weaning larger calves to earn their keep. And the only way to do that is to consider calf weaning weights in relation to the weight of the cows.
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January 15, 2026
Livestock Market Digest
Page 7
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Page 8
Livestock Market Digest
January 15, 2026
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