NEWS S OURCE FOR WYO M ING C O - O P M E M BE RS
W Y O M I N G
R U R A L
E L E C T R I C
S INC E 19 5 4
FEBRUARY
N E W S
CENTERPIECE
BLOCKCHAIN & WYOMING [ 14 ]
CO-OP SPOTLIGHT
GREYBULL COUPLE RECALLS VOLUNTEER EXPERIENCE [28]
2019
Tough training. Safe & reliable power. Linemen play a critical role in our mission to provide reliable, affordable electricity. Tough training and a focus on safety is behind everything they do. Simulated field operations and emergency-response training are ways Basin Electric invests in their safety and in providing reliable power to you.
Your energy starts here. basinelectric.com
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FEBRUARY
THE WREN MAGAZINE WYOMING RURAL ELECTRIC NEWS The official publication of the Wyoming Rural Electric Association
2019
The WREN Magazine, Wyoming Rural Electric News, volume 65, number 1, February 2019 (ISSN 1098-2876)
[ 20 ]
is published monthly except for January for $12 per year by Linden Press, Inc., 214 West Lincolnway, Suite 21C, Cheyenne, WY 82001. Periodicals postage paid at Cheyenne, WY (original entry office) and at additional mailing offices. Postmaster – Send address changes to: The WREN Magazine, Wyoming Rural Electric News, c/o Linden Press, Inc., 223 S. Howes St., Fort Collins, CO 80521, [970] 221-3232. Include 3-digit co-op code. WREN Magazine is owned and controlled by rural electric cooperatives in the interest of the economic progress of rural areas specifically and the entire population of Wyoming and the nation generally. WREN Magazine has a total average monthly paid circulation of 40,912 for 11 months ending in September 2018. WREN Magazine is delivered to rural electric member/ consumers and other subscribers throughout the entire state of Wyoming and the nation. Acceptance of advertising by WREN Magazine does not imply endorsement of the product or services advertised by the publisher or Wyoming electric cooperatives.
WREN STAFF Publisher: Linden Press, Inc. • Editor: Maggie York
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Tri-State G&T, Westminster, CO – Dick Clifton, President Garland Light & Power, Powell – Scott Smith, Vice President Deseret Power, South Jordan, UT – Gary Nix, Secretary/Treasurer Basin Electric, Bismarck, ND – Paul Baker Big Horn REC, Basin – John Joyce Bridger Valley Electric, Mountain View – Ruth Rees Carbon Power, Saratoga – Kenny Curry High Plains Power, Riverton – Hearley Dockham High West Energy, Pine Bluffs – Michael Lerwick Lower Valley Energy, Afton – Fred Brog Niobrara, Lusk – Andy Greer Powder River Energy, Sundance – Mike Lohse Wheatland REA, Wheatland – Sandra Hranchak Wyrulec, Torrington – Dewey Hageman
ADDRESS ALL CORRESPONDENCE TO WREN Magazine • 214 West Lincolnway, Suite 21C Cheyenne, WY 82001, [307] 772-1968 wren@wyomingrea.org
FEATURES 08 B IG H OR N
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10 B IG H OR N ' S
CO-OP YOUTH K A S S I R E N NE R
14 B L OCKCH A IN CENTERPIECE
BY KELLY ETZEL DOUGLAS
28 CO-OP SPOTLIGHT
GREYBULL VOL U N T E E R S BY ILENE OLSON
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STATE NEWS & EVENTS 06 GRASSROOTS NETWORK 11 30 WHAT'S HAPPENING
COWBOY STATE BUZZ
ESSAYS & ANECDOTES NOTES 04 WREA W YO M I N G A N D B L O C KC H A I N
BY REP TYLER LINDHOLM
ON THE RANGE 22 HOME C O W B OY S PL AY E D PO L O
BY DAVID MCCORMICK
US 36 ENLIGHTEN G R AT I T U D E BY WREN READERS
FROM OUR READERS COOKS 26 COUNTRY SOUP TO PAPER 25 PEN L I FE O N THE RANCH
PICTURE IT 32 JUST MORNING
JUST FOR FUN CORNER 20 KIDS' B I N ARY CO D E PUZZLE 21 PR E SI D E NT I AL R E M ARK S
BY KELLY ETZEL DOUGLAS
27 T H E WYO MI NG BOOK REVIEW
B L I Z Z ARD O F ‘49 BY JAMES FULLER
COVER PHOTO Angus cattle owned by the Murray family graze on sugar beet tops in a field south of Powell in January. Learn about Murraymere Farm's participation in BeefChain on page 17. PHOTO BY ILENE OLSON
WREA NOTES
WYOMING: BLAZING A TRAIL FOR BLOCKCHAIN BUSINESS
O
BY REP. TYLER LINDHOLM
ver the past year and a half, Wyoming has gone from “zero to a hundred” in not only supporting blockchain technology, but helping to shape its future.
SHAWN TAYLOR
EX E C U TI VE D I R E C TO R
Blockchain technology is a new idea that is taking off in our state. Wyoming Rep. Tyler Lindholm, R-Sundance, wrote this column to explain why he is on board with this new technology.
FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT BLOCKCHAIN, TURN TO THE CENTERPIECE ON PAGE 14.
If you’re wondering what exactly that sentence means, and why it should matter to you, you’re not alone. When you ask Siri “what is blockchain?” she’ll tell you it’s a growing list of records, called blocks, which are linked using cryptography. Each block contains a cryptographic hash of the previous block, a timestamp and transaction data. In short, think of it as the most secure ledger system imaginable. While it was originally designed for digital currency, the uses for it today are endless and it’s being used in a wide variety of industries – from banking and agriculture, to retail and energy. A little over a year ago, Wyoming was one of only three states where our regulatory policy made it effectively impossible to operate a virtual business or utilize blockchain. Our antiquated laws in Wyoming made it so residents had to use unregulated, frequently offshore, virtual currency exchanges to buy, sell and hold digital currency. Last year, I joined with several of my colleagues in the Wyoming Legislature, including Sen. Ogden Driskill and Rep. Jared Olsen, and sought to remedy this. One of the great things about living in a small state, and having a citizen legislature, is that you can move quickly and make big change. And that’s just what we did. In 2018, the Wyoming Legislature passed five bills to empower blockchain entrepreneurs and innovators. The package of bills aimed to bring a cottage industry of cybersecurity experts, cryptographers, database managers, big data entrepreneurs and digital currency miners to Wyoming. By remaining nimble and open to innovation, in less than a year Wyoming went
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from a regulatory framework that was hostile to blockchain technology to an inviting environment that encourages innovators and entrepreneurs working in this budding technology space. Since then, Wyoming has continued to attract new businesses, entrepreneurs and startups. This past fall, we hosted our first WyoHackathon competition at the University of Wyoming. This event brought together more than 400 blockchain developers, corporate sponsors, including Microsoft and IBM, and world famous blockchain entrepreneurs. What’s more, we are finding innovative ways to adopt and adapt this technology for our core industries – including ranching. BeefChain has launched in Wyoming, and just recently opened a branch in China. This is a company working to create a new “rancher-centric” supply chain utilizing blockchain technology to recapture the value now realized by third-party feedlots and processors. By enabling unique animal identification and ensuring origin, BeefChain allows the rancher to receive premium pricing for premium beef and provides consumers with greater confidence in the meat they consume. In the Wyoming Legislature, we are continuing to move the ball forward with bills to make it even easier and safer to do business in Wyoming. During this session, the Wyoming Legislature is considering additional legislation to let blockchain startups operate within a “regulatory sandbox.” The message Wyoming is sending is loud and clear – we are open for business and welcoming the next generation of tech innovators and entrepreneurs.
Rep. Tyler Lindholm, R-Sundance, represents House District 1 in the Wyoming Legislature. He is chair of the Corporations, Elections & Political Subdivisions Committee and co-chair of the Blockchain Task Force.
Better together We work all hours of the night so she can have her happily ever after. Together, Tri-State and our family of electric cooperatives power all the moments your life has to offer. We are brighter, stronger and better together. www.tristate.coop/together
GRASSROOTS NETWORK
DEREGULATION DOESN'T WORK FOR ELECTRICITY GUEST COLUMN BY PAUL GRIFFIN
Y
ogi Berra had many witticisms, including his famous
“It’s déjà vu all over again.”
There couldn’t be a more appropriate phrase to describe recent attempts in states like
Nevada, Arizona, Florida, and now Wyoming to deregulate electricity markets. Unfortunately,
these
efforts illustrate how we’ve forgotten key lessons learned when opportunistic companies like Enron sold a bill of goods to state policymakers,
ultimately
leaving
consumers
holding the bag with higher electricity rates, reduced reliability and fraudulent
practices
perpetrated on unsuspecting elderly and low-income consumers. Faced now with possible deregulation proposals, Wyoming legislators should recognize the harsh lessons learned in other states that have deregulated and reject these deregulation proposals.
Since the 1990s, many states have explored deregulating their electricity markets. Deregulation means that consumers can choose their electricity supplier and that prices fluctuate with the ups and downs of wholesale costs for generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity. Theoretically, prices are left to the market. In the years since electricity deregulation first became popular, eleven states, including California and Montana, had buyer’s remorse after costly deregulation experiments failed, eventually re-regulating. In the states that remain deregulated, residential consumers often pay the highest rates in the country. Those states have also experienced rampant fraud and deception from unscrupulous energy marketers, resulting in attorneys general in Massachusetts and Illinois, after damning investigations, calling for an end to deregulated electricity markets.
WE INSURE MORE THAN YOUR STUFF
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Protecting farmers and ranchers for generations. Trust experience... Trust Farm Bureau! Find us online at www.mwfbi.com HOME | FARM & RANCH | AUTO | BUSINESS Property-casualty insurance products offered through Mountain West Farm Bureau Mutual Insurance Company/Laramie, Wyoming.
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Instead of being wooed by promises about “customer choice” and “free markets,” policymakers and the public should remember these facts: 1 Every year since 1997 has seen the average residential consumer in regulated states pay a lower rate for electricity than their counterparts in deregulated states.
2 In Texas’ deregulated retail market, consumers experienced brownouts in 2011, 2014 and 2015. In 2011, rolling blackouts even forced Texas to import power from Mexico.
3 The availability of electric linemen for emergency response is a concern. After deregulation came to the electric industry, some utilities in affected jurisdictions reduced their line staff by 25 to 30 percent. Deregulation could affect restoration of electric service after the harsh storms that are so common in Wyoming.
We now have 20 plus years of data about what happens when we deregulate electricity markets. It’s safe to say that if legislators follow the “choice” path again, customers will pay a heavy price. As they say, “Fool me once, shame on you. Fool me twice, shame on me.”
Paul Griffin is the executive director for Energy Fairness, a not-for-profit organization that advocates for sensible energy policy.
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ECONOMIC BENEFITS
COOPERATIVE VALUES
Wyoming’s rural electric cooperatives aren’t just responsible for power in our communities. We strive to empower our members, our families and our communities, whether we are working or volunteering right alongside our neighbors. There’s a rural electric cooperative in every county in Wyoming, and there’s a community in every cooperative. Electric cooperatives are communityfocused organizations that work to efficiently deliver affordable, reliable and safe energy. Each month this year, Wyoming Rural Electric News will focus on a single cooperative, and how it gives back to members and the community. We’ll use numbers from a 2018 Wyoming Business Council Study, which used statistical analysis to demonstrate how an employer creates collateral jobs. We’ll also use numbers from the total co-op contributions from 20072017 to create a pie chart that shows how much money came back to the community from the co-op in the last 10 years.
WHAT IS A COOPERATIVE?
1 2 3
We are led by members like you who understand and listen to the community.
We belong to the communities we serve, so any excess revenues are shared back with the members.
We were built by the communities we serve, so each cooperative is different depending on their community’s specific needs.
NATIONAL NETWORK OF COOPERATIVES We are part of a greater community of cooperatives who give back. Between 2007 and 2017, the National Rural Utilities Cooperative Finance Corporation, CoBank and Federated Rural Electric Insurance Exchange returned more than $5.6 million to WREA co-ops. We passed this money back to members by paying down operating margins to keep rates low, or directly returning it through capital credits. 8
FEB 2019
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AT THE CO-OP: The Wyoming Business Council (WBC) recently completed a study of the economic benefits of Wyoming’s rural electric cooperatives. Looking at employment and tax revenue data from 2017, the WBC reported that Big Horn Rural Electric Company is an economic driver in the local community.
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IN THE COMMUNITY: Between 2007 and 2017, Big Horn Rural Electric Company gave $5.7 million back to the community. Numbers are rounded to the nearest dollar.
FEB 2019
9
PHOTO BY BROOKE VINCENT
CO-OP YOUTH
Tell us about your studies and interests: The agriculture industry has always had a huge impact on my life. I grew up on a cattle ranch and have always had a love for caring for the livestock as well as the land. I decided to do dual degrees in Agriculture Education & Animal Science – Livestock Production to not only broaden my knowledge but allow myself for more opportunities and career choices. I have a passion for livestock judging and competed on both the Northwest College and University of Wyoming teams and would love to share that passion with our youth.
CO-OP YOUTH Wyoming’s rural electric cooperatives are proud to support our youth, giving college scholarships and lineman scholarships. In addition, our co-ops sponsor high school students on the D.C. Youth Tour in June and Youth Leadership Camp in July.
THIS MONTH: We are checking in with Kassi Renner, a University of Wyoming student who received a college scholarship from Big Horn Rural Electric Company in 2013. She plans to graduate in May, and is currently student teaching agriculture at Sheridan High School and working as an intern for Wyoming Rural Electric Association cooperatives’ Facebook pages.
Interested in applying for a scholarship, D.C. Youth Tour and/or Leadership Camp? Contact your local rural electric cooperative! See the insert in the center of the magazine for contact information. 10
FEB 2019
KASSI RENNER HOMETOWN: Lovell HIGH SCHOOL ATTENDED: Lovell High School YEAR OF GRADUATION: 2014 COLLEGES: Northwest College & University of Wyoming MAJOR STUDY INTEREST: Agriculture Education & Animal Science – Livestock Production
How have your hometown, family and/or friends influenced you? My family has had a large influence on me as they have been the ones that have constantly pushed me to do my best and supported me in everything I do. My friends have also been very important in giving me self-confidence and happiness. I’m also very grateful for my hometown, especially my past teachers for providing me with knowledge and skills that I continue to use today.
What are your plans for the future? I hope to be representing the agricultural industry in some way whether it is being a high school ag teacher, an extension agent, or even a representative for an agricultural company.
COWBOY STATE BUZZ In 2019, WREN will feature Wyoming Trivia in place of Where in Wyoming and Milestones. Curious where the December Where in Wyoming photo was taken? Ranchester!
WYOMING TRIVIA
RIGHT TO VOTE WYOMING WAS THE FIRST STATE TO GRANT WOMEN THE RIGHT TO VOTE Women were granted the right to vote before and, some say, so Wyoming could reach statehood. John A. Campbell, Wyoming’s first Territorial Governor, signed a bill December 10, 1869, making Wyoming the first territory, then the first state to grant women the right to vote. Wyoming became a state in 1890, the 44th state to join the Union.
FEB 2019
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COWBOY STATE BUZZ
WYDOT CONNECTS VEHICLES ON INTERSTATE 80 STORY AND PHOTO BY KELLY ETZEL DOUGLAS
Phase three of the Wyoming Department of Transportation (WYDOT) Connected Vehicle Pilot program is currently taking place along all 402 miles of Interstate 80 in Wyoming.
About 400 drivers are using the technology to see the locations of other connected vehicles, along with road and weather hazards along the way. Units are onboard Highway Patrol vehicles, snowplows and heavy commercial trucks from participating companies. The program is part of a larger effort by transportation departments in Wyoming, New York City and Tampa, Florida. Wyoming competed to participate in the program because of the state’s unique landscape and weather hazards. The project is expected to cost $5.7 million, with $4.4 million coming from the federal government. Once phase three ends, WYDOT and its partners will continue operations on I-80 and evaluate whether it is appropriate to install additional roadside infrastructure on Wyoming highways.
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FEB 2019
Trihydro Lead Developer Rick Smith poses as the distressed vehicle while other connected vehicles drive by to pick up the signal during a demonstration of the connected vehicle pilot program in Cheyenne.
CONNECTED VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY PROVIDES THESE HAZARD WARNINGS DISTRESS NOTIFICATIONS The distressed vehicle notification provides the location of a vehicle that may be off the road and out of sight to any connected vehicle that passes within five miles.
FORWARD COLLISION WARNING Units will beep to warn drivers if there is an impending front-end collision with another connected vehicle ahead. This technology does not take control of the vehicle. SITUATIONAL AWARENESS Connected vehicles will receive warnings such as speed restrictions and road conditions as they occur.
FEB 2019
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CENTERPIECE
BY KELLY ETZEL DOUGLAS
BLOCKCHAIN & WYOMING Blockchain, bitcoin, digital currency. These new ideas are taking off in Wyoming, and they may affect the state in a big way. WHAT IS BLOCKCHAIN? In simplest terms, blockchain is a way to trade with strangers you may not trust. How? As University of Wyoming Professor of Computer Science James Caldwell explains, everyone can see what’s on the blockchain. “This is the first advancement in accounting since double-entry bookkeeping was invented during the Renaissance,” he said during a presentation called “The Way We’ll Work: Blockchain” held at the Laramie County Library in Cheyenne in October.
FEB 2019
15
Picture it this way: you are holding a copy of the February issue of Wyoming Rural Electric News. If you could look through the magazine at the same time as 100 other readers, you could collectively check the magazine against other readers’ copies. If one copy looked different, the group could throw that copy out and expel the reader who might be trying to cheat. Then, when the March issue came out, you could repeat the process, weeding out bad copies and keeping a verified record. Blockchain technology uses many computers on the internet to compare a chain of information and add new “blocks” of information very quickly. All of the computers on the blockchain verify the information, all the way to the beginning of the record. “At no time in the entire process does any one computer have control over the ledger,” said Jennifer Moffitt, a Cheyenne attorney who specializes in digital currency, “everyone’s working on it, but no one has control.” Information on the blockchain can be about money transactions, legal papers, contracts and more. It’s encrypted so that, while users can see computer codes for information, they need the key (a very long hexadecimal number) to decode the information. The idea is taking off. "Every major corporation in the U.S. is working on blockchain applications for their businesses. IBM has invested heavily in building blockchain applications for tracking food supplies. IBM is working with Walmart, Dole, Kroger, Nestle, Tyson Foods and others,” Caldwell wrote in an email in January. This means large and small businesses may be able to tie into these blockchains for their own bookkeeping systems, similar to the way some use off-site “cloud” storage for digital records. 16
FEB 2019
“EVERY MAJOR CORPORATION IN THE U.S. IS WORKING ON BLOCKCHAIN APPLICATIONS FOR THEIR BUSINESSES.”
HOW DOES BLOCKCHAIN WORK?
BITCOIN: A GHOST STORY The invention of blockchain has been attributed to Satoshi Nakamoto, which may or may not be their real name (the name is as common in Japan as John Smith in the United States). In 2009, Nakamoto published Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System, a white paper outlining an idea to create a digital currency. It would be traceable to prevent double-spending, public to avoid third-party fees and decentralized to make it un-hackable. Then, in 2011 – according to a 2015 story in the Economist - Nakomoto wrote “I HAVE moved onto other things” in an email, and he hasn’t been heard from since.
DIGITAL CURRENCY IS HOT & COLD Bitcoin, ether and ripple are all names of digital currency, each operating on their own blockchain network, and there are hundreds more. Digital currency is not a thing you can or ever could hold in your hand. It is not FDIC insured; it is not guaranteed by any bank. Two years ago, Moffitt drove to Colorado to make a realworld purchase of digital currency. She found a Bitcoin ATM at a convenience store in Greeley and fed $20 cash into the machine. She used an app on her phone called BRD Wallet to hold the bitcoin she had just purchased. “I spent most of the time figuring out how the machine worked,” she said. Digital currency is contained inside a digital wallet. There are two kinds of wallets, hot and cold, Moffitt said. Cold wallets are not connected to the internet, making them “safe” – that is, they can’t be hacked (stolen by other computer users). Hot wallets are connected to the internet and may be vulnerable to hackers. Moffitt advises digital currency owners to keep their money in a cold wallet and to physically write down the password.
IT’S ELECTRIC
DIGITAL CURRENCY IS NOT A THING YOU CAN OR EVER COULD HOLD IN YOUR HAND. IT IS NOT FDIC INSURED; IT IS NOT GUARANTEED BY ANY BANK.
The Chelan County Public Utility District (PUD) in Wenatchee, Washington uses hydropower to provide electricity to the area, producing some of the lowest-cost electricity in the nation at 3.2 cents per kilowatt-hour (kWh) for the average residential customer. At the Wyoming Rural Electric Association directors’ meeting in September, Chelan County PUD Managing Director John Stoll told the story of digital currency mining in his utility’s
Angus heifers owned by Murraymere Farms make their way from one pasture to another via the Willwood Highway (Route 295) south of Powell.
territory. “We are kind of in the eye of the hurricane,” Stoll said.
BEEFCHAIN: BLOCKCHAIN 2018, six Wyoming ranches ON THE RANCH Inbegan tracking their cattle with a blockchain company called BeefChain. A test group of cattle were equipped with radio frequency identification (RFID) ear tags, which workers electronically scanned as they moved the cattle between pastures and to the processor. Participating ranch Murraymere Farms recently demonstrated the technology by
PHOTO BY ILENE OLSON
tracking beef from the ranch to a restaurant in Taiwan. Diners could scan a QRstyle barcode on the menu that linked them to a page about Murraymere Farms and its beef-tracking information. The demonstration gave customers a clear chain of custody for the beef. “It was very experimental, but it worked,” said ranch co-owner Val Murray. Murray said she plans to track more cattle with BeefChain in February. FEB 2019
17
the computers that verify blockchain information. They’re like the magazine readers from earlier, collectively looking over the information, making sure everything matches. For their work, miners earn transaction fees, paid in digital currency. Two ASIC miner machines, a popular brand for bitcoin mining, can use 1,700 kWh of electricity per month. In contrast, the average household typically uses less than 1,700 kWh per month. Successful mining operations use tens, or hundreds of machines. Tasked with providing safe electricity to largescale mining operations, the Chelan County PUD board set a moratorium on new operations so they could review the rules. There are half a dozen digital currency miners in Wyoming right now, said Rep. Jared Olsen, R-Cheyenne. But with the right preparations, he doesn’t see them as a threat.
“I’VE NEVER SEEN SO MUCH ACTIVITY IN COMPANIES INTERESTED IN COMING HERE.”
Digital currency miners provide
“We can’t just let it be the Wild West. We have to regulate it,” Olsen said.
TECH JOBS IN WYOMING “I’ve never seen so much activity in companies interested in coming here,” Caldwell told the crowd at the Laramie County Library in October. Caldwell said he gets contacted several times a month by companies that are interested in Wyoming’s blockchain-friendly laws. Caldwell is a member of the Wyoming Blockchain Coalition, a group that was involved in the creation of five bills related to blockchain that became law at the end of the 2018 Legislative Session. The goal, he said, is to bring high-paying tech jobs that keep young people in the state. Co-founder of the Wyoming Blockchain Coalition and member of the Wyoming Legislature’s Blockchain Task Force, Caitlin Long was also involved in last year’s legislation. “I think if we look back on the last year, it’s played out really well for Wyoming ... We asked for no money from the state, we just asked for enabling legislation to enable companies to come in and get clarity that what they were doing was in compliance with the law,” Long said in January. Laws in Wyoming now allow for digital currency exchange, corporate record-keeping on blockchain networks and the creation of limited liability securities companies. At the time of printing, six bills were working through the legislature, including a banking bill that would give Wyoming a niche in the financial services industry, Long said, noting that niche could bring new jobs to the state. “By being an early adopter, Wyoming may now become a jurisdiction of choice not only for sector-specific ventures in blockchain-related technology but also for exchanges of [digital] currency and the issuance of non-securities ‘utility tokens’ in arenas such as insurance and health care,” the National Law Review reported in March 2018.
THE LARAMIE COUNTY LIBRARY IN CHEYENNE RECOMMENDS THESE BLOCKCHAIN BOOKS AND WEBSITES: Blockchain for Dummies, by Tiana Laurence The Blockchain Revolution, by Don Tapscott The Truth Machine, by Michael Casey Blockchain Basics: A non-Technical Introduction in 25 Steps, by Daniel Drescher
“I just think Wyoming is the right climate for that kind of stuff,” Olsen said. Also on the Legislature’s Blockchain Task Force, Olsen co-sponsored four of the blockchain bills that became law last year, and he’s involved in five of the new bills this legislative session. “The ethics we live by, the closeness of our community ... we need chief skeptics when we are talking about blockchain.” W
BeefChain - beefchain.com Wyoming Blockchain Coalition - wyomingblockchain.io
18
FEB 2019
Kelly Etzel Douglas is the managing editor of WREN magazine. She and her family live in Cheyenne.
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KIDS CORNER
BINARY CODE AND COMPUTERS
SWITCHES
Did you ever wonder why computers talk in 1s and 0s?
But how do these switches turn into all the things computers do?
The answer is electricity! Underneath the screen, underneath the keyboard, underneath the software, every computer and device has circuits that are made up of teeny, tiny switches.
To understand this, we can think of the code that computer makers used for inspiration: Morse code. Before telephones were invented, telegraph operators used Morse code to send a message over long distance. They would tap out letters, numbers and words using a series of dots and dashes. The listener at the other end would write down what they heard, in order, so they could decode the message.
These switches each have two options: on and off. Having only two options, or “states,” is a very reliable plan for a computer. It means that, even if there’s more or less electricity in the circuit, the switches will not be wrong.
COUNT WITH CODE! Let’s create instructions and count with binary code. First we’ll decide that each place represents a number.
20
FEB 2019
Binary code is a series of 1s and 0s, and the order of the numbers lets the computer know what to do. The computer knows what to do because a programmer gave it a set of instructions to follow based on the code.
_ _ _ 1 is the first place, it will be 1 _ _ 1 _ is in the second place, it will be 2 _ 1 _ _ is in the third place, it’s 4 1 _ _ _ is in the fourth place, it’s 8 If you had more places, you would add them, from left to right, 64, 32, 16.
What number is 0100? It’s 4, or 0+4+0+0 NOW YOU TRY IT! 0001 = 1111 = 1100011 = ANSWERS ON PAGE 35
PUZZLE
WHO SAID IT?
PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS On Presidents Day, February 18, we celebrate two birthdays, Abraham Lincoln, born February 12, 1809 and George Washington, born February 22, 1732.
01. Of course when I came of age I did not know much. Still somehow, I could read, write, and cipher … but that was all.
We’ve collected quotes from their speeches and letters. Do you know who said which quote?
02. It is infinitely better to have a few good men than many indifferent ones.
08. The Presidency, even to the most experienced politicians, is no bed of roses; and ... like others, found thorns within it. No human being can fill that station and escape censure.
03. Truth will ultimately prevail where pain is taken to bring it to light.
GEORGE WASHINGTON 04. Understanding the spirit of our institutions to aim at the elevation of men, I am opposed to whatever tends to degrade them.
ANSWERS ON PAGE 35
05. For happily the government of the United States, which gives to bigotry no sanction, to persecution no assistance, requires only that they who live under its protection should demean themselves as good citizens, in giving it on all occasions their effectual support.
06. Happiness depends more upon the internal frame of a person's own mind than on the externals in the world.
07. If we desire to avoid insult, we must be able to repel it; if we desire to secure peace, one of the most powerful instruments of our rising prosperity, it must be known, that we are at all times ready for War.
09. In your hands, my dissatisfied fellow countrymen, and not in mine, is the momentous issue of civil war. The government will not assail you... You have no oath registered in Heaven to destroy the government, while I shall have the most solemn one to preserve, protect and defend it.
10. Always bear in mind that your own resolution to succeed, is more important than any other one thing.
ABRAHAM LINCOLN
11. In this sad world of ours, sorrow comes to all; and, to the young, it comes with bitterest agony, because it takes them unawares. FEB 2019
21
HOME ON THE RANGE
REAL WYOMING COWBOYS PLAYED POLO BY DAVID MCCORMICK The polo ponies’ hooves pounded against the turf as they thundered down the field. It was a Sunday morning in August, 1918 and the Sun Flowers were playing against the Magpies.
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FEB 2019
Editor’s Note: Like many geographic regions in America, the town of Big Horn, Wyoming, is not located in the county of Big Horn, Wyoming. While we celebrated the economic benefits that Big Horn Rural Electric Company brings to the Big Horn County and region on page 9, this story takes place on the other side of the mountains, 100 years ago.
WYOMING STATE ARCHIVES PHOTO
Robert Walsh and Malcolm Moncreiffe, second from left, in Big Horn around 1900. They partnered with Oliver Wallop in the horse business, and through transatlantic polo connections prospered selling Wyoming horses.
T
he Sun Flowers team included four cowboys, complete with western saddles, cowboy hats and spurs. The Magpies’ team, led by Scotsman Malcolm Moncreiffe, backed-up by a fellow Brit and two local ranchers, were seated in traditional English saddles. Year after year, between the Spanish-American War and the Great Depression, Sundays were reserved for polo matches on Moncreiffe’s Polo Ranch in Big Horn, Wyoming.
and in the role of a major sports promoter, introduced it to America in 1876. And, from its inception in America, polo was associated with the wealthy; that’s what makes Wyoming polo so unique.
The rules in polo are fairly simple. It is played with two teams. Each team is mounted on horseback with four players One would think that a game such as polo on a 12.4-acre regulation field. would set the British elite apart from the madEach match is divided into six, ding crowd, but on the Wyoming range that was seven-minute chukkers with not the case. In fact, it was quite the opposite. a five-minute break between The polo played chukkers. All playin Big Horn broke ers must play rightcultural barriers. handed to avoid The reasons being collisions. And the that Wyoming polo player must hit the One would think that players relaxed ball with the mallet, a game such as polo ceremonial norms; only while travelwould set the British each player served ing in the same dias his own groom rection as the ball. elite apart from the and the absence of Reversing the momadding crowd, but on club dues allowed mentum of the ball the Wyoming range that those harboring the must be done in was not the case. desire to particibackhanded fashpate to do so. The ion. only thing required Wyoming was good was the horse. And they were horse country with its vast areas of nutritious not kept in high style in fancy native grasses. But Big Horn’s early history ofstables, they grazed on range fered no hint it would ever become a polo cenpastures. Most worked hanter. Founded in 1881, it became a trading center dling cattle during the week; for surrounding farms and ranches. But in 1893 but on Sundays they transit was bypassed for Sheridan by the Chicago, formed into polo ponies. Burlington & Quincy Railroad. This resulted The game of polo had its roots in depressed land prices in Big Horn. But that far from the Wyoming plains didn’t turn out to be a bad thing. British expain Persia 25 centuries earlier. It triate Oliver Henry Wallop and the Moncreiffe was introduced to British colobrothers were soon attracted to the area. In the nials in India, and reached the 1890’s Wallop and Malcolm Moncreiffe entered shores of America through the the international- polo pony business. By 1899 efforts of James Gordon Benboth had expanded their horse business. nett Jr., the owner of the New York Herald. Bennett was enamored with the game of polo, FEB 2019
23
HOME ON THE RANGE
As more polo clubs sprang up, Wyoming’s Magpies were able to compete in interstate tournaments. In the summer of 1904 the Magpies traveled to Hot Springs, South Dakota, where they were defeated by the Tenth Cavalry. The following year, Moncrieffe and his team were hosted by Denver, Colorado Springs and the Tenth Cavalry teams, this time defeating the Tenth. The Magpies became a highly competitive team on the circuit. In a dashing win against a Kansas City team, the local paper printed a photo of the Big Horn team with the caption, “These Men Play Real Polo.” In 1915 and 1916 two of the country’s top polo players visited Big Horn: Tommy Hitchcock and Foxhall Keene. Seventeen-year-old Hitchcock would become the greatest American player in the 1920s and 1930s. He teamed up with transplanted New Yorkers Goelet Gallatin and Milt McCoy, and Gallatin ranch foreman Roy Snyder. Hitchcock and his teammates played well, but according to the Sheridan Post, “... did not outshine the local players.” Foxhall Keene, the first American to score a goal in international competition, the 1900 Olympics, visited the following summer. Keene played in a three-team tournament at the Polo Ranch with teams interspersed with transplanted British and American players. Articles in western contemporary newspapers carried tales of ordinary Wyoming horsemen
competing with the elite players on Big Horn fields. According to cowhand Floyd Bard, “every Sunday for five years I went either to Moncreiffe or Gallatin polo field for a game.” Floyd Bard listed several cowboy players that could hang with the elite members; his list included ranchers Ray Wood and John Cover, and Clyde Sackett and Fred Skinner, both sons of Big Horn merchants; and Harold Hilman, the son of a nearby dude ranch operator. The irony of polo being found in Wyoming was not lost on eastern visitors. One such newcomer “smiling amusingly” to himself “at the prospect of plow horses or at best cow ponies burlesquing the strenuous game of polo,” was “astonished” when informed of three area ranches devoted entirely to the breeding and training of ponies. His pride was “further humbled” to learn that these same ponies were shipped back east to “wealthy fashion centers” and to England, according to Leon Dusseau in the 1915 publication The Teepee Book.
The terms ‘cowboy and polo player’ seemed at odds with each other. Between the Spanish-American war and the Great Depression local cowboys and ranchers would run cattle during the week, and on Sundays those same working horses would be thundering up and The Moncreiffe Ranch near Big Horn, shown here in 1910. down the polo fields. Today, the game of polo continues to be a pastime in the state. Polo ponies still pound the fields on summer weekends at the Big Horn Equestrian Center and Flying H Polo Club, echoing the hoof beats of their predecessors.
WYOMING STATE ARCHIVES PHOTO
W
Now retired, David McCormick has worked as a freelance writer for the last 11 years. He especially enjoys writing on the old west. Several of his articles have appeared in Wild West, Michigan History and Army Magazine. 24
FEB 2019
PEN TO PAPER
TWO STORIES OF LIFE ON THE FARM
THE SLIP BUCKET
CAROLYN TRIBBETT
THERMOPOLIS
FIXING THE FENCE One day is never the same as the previous day. This negates boredom and brings about new challenges each and every day. However, as time goes by you think things were simpler, and less of a bad experience. One morning before school, your horses break down the corral fence. This is part of the “grass is greener on the other side of the fence” syndrome. The grass is wet with dew, and you are in a hurry to get ready for school. You say a few words, which cannot be repeated, and with halters and rope proceed to catch the horses.
As with everything in life, there are challenges, sometimes on a daily basis. Chores come to mind, and as a child; some pleasant and some not-so-pleasant. Using one’s ingenuity one can make the most unpleasant chore pleasant, for example, mucking the horse corral. Well, using a little ingenuity it can be a pleasant experience. The following procedure can be both rewarding and fun: You harness up your most gentle horse to your greatgrandfather’s slip bucket, which has not been used in years. A word of advice, “practice first.” Then you and your horse fill the bucket up, and take it out to the pasture to dump.
Now, if you have ever tried to catch a hungry horse in green grass you will understand the challenge. Once caught the horses, being led of course, follow you back to the corral. Now comes the challenge. No one ever taught you how to nail up a board. So with nails, hammer, and board you bang away at the board. Mission accomplished. The horses are in the corral, you throw them some feed, and the boards are back up for another day. They say hindsight is looking through rose-colored glasses, well this is true. It was a beautiful morning, with dew on the grass you were running through. You had a few precious minutes with your horses. The corral was repaired and might be knocked down another day. This didn’t matter, all was right with the world, and you made it to school on time. The majority of things I went through happened when I was 13 or 14 years old, and my father was on a business trip.
The rewards are bountiful. The corral becomes clean, your horse thinks it’s fun, and your parents are happy. All’s well that ends well. Note: This was an original idea.
We share a selection of WREN readers’ creative writing (poems, limericks, haiku, short verse, and prose) every issue as space and content allow. To be considered for publication, please include the author’s consent to be submitted, his or her mailing address, and confirmation that the work has not been published elsewhere. If you would like us to return your work, include a self-addressed, stamped envelope.
Put Your Pen to Paper!
Please include your name, address, and phone number. SUBMIT A PIECE
wren@wyomingrea.org | [307] 772-1968 214 W. Lincolnway Ste. 21C Cheyenne, WY 82001 wyomingrea.org/wren-submissions FEB 2019
25
COUNTRY COOKS
SOUP RHONDA’S SAUSAGE POTATO CHOWDER 1 LB WILSON POLSKA KIELBASA 2 TBS BUTTER OR MARGARINE 1 LARGE ONION, CHOPPED 1/2 CUP SLICED CELERY 3 CUPS (3-4 MEDIUM) POTATOES, CUBED 3 CUPS (3 BOUILLION CUBES IN 3 CUPS WATER) CHICKEN BROTH 1 CAN CREAM OF MUSHROOM SOUP 1/2 CUP SOUR CREAM 1 CUP MILK Cut sausage into 1/2-inch pieces. Reserve. Melt butter in Dutch skillet, sauté onion and celery until onion is transparent. Add potatoes, chicken broth and sausage. Bring to boil. Cover and simmer on low 15 to 20 minutes, until potatoes are tender. In a small bowl, combine soup and sour cream. Blend well. Add to chowder with milk. Heat on low until serving time.
Also good with ham instead of sausage. Can be kept warm in a Crock-Pot. TINY BUSH
HULETT
CHEESEBURGER SOUP 1 LB HAMBURGER 1 CUP CELERY, CHOPPED 1 CUP CARROTS, SHREDDED 1 CUP ONIONS, CHOPPED 1 TSP BASIL 1/2 TSP SALT 6 CUPS CHICKEN BROTH 8 CUPS POTATOES, CUBED 16 OZ CHEESE (AMERICAN, CHEDDAR, PEPPERJACK ETC) 16 OZ SOUR CREAM ROUX: 6 TBS BUTTER 1/2 CUP FLOUR Brown the hamburger, add vegetables and sauté. Add basil and salt. In a stockpot boil the cubed potatoes in the 6 cups of broth. Add the hamburger and vegetables to the stockpot. In a separate pan, make the roux by melting the butter and adding the flour. Cook and stir until it is brown and bubbly. Add the roux, cheese and sour cream to the stockpot. Stir to combine. Serve on a cold day to warm you through.
RUTH ZELLER
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FEB 2019
1 CUP WILD RICE 2 CUPS COOKED CHICKEN, CHOPPED 2 15-OZ CANS CHICKEN BROTH 1 CAN CREAM OF MUSHROOM SOUP 1 CAN CREAM OF CHICKEN SOUP 1 CAN RASPBERRY CHIPOTLE SALSA OR A FRUIT SALSA OF CHOICE 1 4-OZ CAN OF MUSHROOMS 1 CUP DRIED CRANBERRIES 1 CUP OF EVAPORATED MILK Cook wild rice according to package directions. In high altitude, add cooking time until grains pop (or use one 15 oz can cooked rice). Combine rice with: chicken, chicken broth, mushroom soup, chicken soup, and salsa. Simmer together 1-2 hours. Before serving, add mushrooms, dried cranberries, and evaporated milk. Heat through.
MARA FUNK
CHEYENNE
LOVELL
Send complete recipe by March 10!
Please include your name, address and phone number.
APRIL'S DISH:
SANDWICHES
CHICKEN WILD RICE SOUP
SUBMIT A RECIPE
wren@wyomingrea.org | [307] 772-1968 214 W. Lincolnway Ste. 21C Cheyenne, WY 82001 wyomingrea.org/wren-submissions
BOOK REVIEW
THE WYOMING BLIZZARD OF 1949 SURVIVING THE STORM DESCRIPTION BY ARCADIA PUBLISHING
BY JAMES C. FULLER
Snow, wind and frigid temperatures devastated parts of Wyoming and neighboring states in 1949. For nearly two months, towns and
ORDERING INFORMATION:
2018 | 176p. | $23.99
ranches were marooned by enormous drifts, some reportedly eighty feet tall. The storm stranded hundreds of motorists on the highways and stalled nearly two dozen trains at depots throughout the state.
ISBN: 978-1625859358
Communities pulled together to assist not only their neighbors
Publisher: The History Press, a division of Arcadia Publishing
but also anyone unable to escape the snowstorm. The deaths of
Available at local and online booksellers, or by contacting the publisher at 888-313-2665 or arcadiapublishing.com.
as news spread nationwide. Author and historian James Fuller
WIN A
recounts these harrowing stories of tenacity and fortitude.
FREE Blizzard
ENTER TO WIN
motorists and livestock weighed heavily on the minds of Americans
c/o WREN Magazine 214 W. Lincolnway Ste. 21C Cheyenne, WY 82001
wyomingrea.org/
wren-submissions
COPY OF
THE WYOMING BLIZZARD! Name: Phone: Address:
NOVEMBER'S BOOK WINNERS:
MICHELLE COVELLUZZI DUBOIS
MANZO ERB GLENDO
ENTRIES DUE BY MARCH 10 One entry per household, please. FEB 2019
27
CO-OP SPOTLIGHT
But he wasn’t the only one. Margaret, pregnant with their first child at the time, took the emergency medical services classes with Bill, and she served as an EMT for 20 years — nearly all that time as a volunteer — until she became a nurse in 2005. In 2013, Bill was recognized as medic of the year for the state of Wyoming.
BILL & MARGARET DAHLKE
V
olunteering
isn’t
something Bill and
Margaret Dahlke of
Greybull find time for
occasionally; for them,
GREYBULL COUPLE RECALLS VOLUNTEER EXPERIENCE BY ILENE OLSON
it’s a way of life.
The Dahlkes, formerly of
the Saratoga/Rawlins area,
both
served
as
volunteer
emergency medical technicians (EMTs) and as foster parents. They led youth groups in 4-H, FFA and FBLA, and Bill, a former employee of Carbon Power & Light, served as a volunteer fireman and on the county fair board as well. But none of those things were on the Dahlkes’ radar when Bill’s boss fell out of a tree, highlighting the need for a Carbon employee to take training classes so they could serve with the local volunteer emergency medical service. “I was on the bottom of the totem pole, and I was told I would be the one,” Bill
PHOTO COURTESY OF MARGARET DAHLKE
ABOVE: Margaret and Bill Dahlke, top, are pictured with their family, related "by love and by blood" during their annual Thanksgiving November 2018. 28get-together FEB in2019
recalled. That was in 1984-85. From that point forward, Margaret said, “he lived, ate, and breathed EMS for 30-some years. He’s given a lot of time.”
Bill, now a lineman for Big Horn Rural Electric Company, said the co-op encourages its employees to be involved in their communities. Bill and Margaret took that philosophy to heart. They were already serving as volunteer EMTs when Bill’s sister asked them to consider becoming foster parents, as there were no foster families in Saratoga at the time. They agreed to give it a try, and they never looked back. “We probably had 32 kids go through our house over the years,” Bill said. They adopted one foster daughter, and attempted to adopt two others, but their biological father prevented it. Even so, “They’re the ones who call us mom and dad,” Bill said. Margaret said foster parenting “is probably one of the most rewarding, and at the same time, the most challenging things I ever did. … Once you make a commitment to those kids, it’s all in.” Foster parenting’s challenges include balancing the needs of foster kids with the needs of your own children, and making a blended family with kids whose lives have been fragmented, often from birth, she said. “They had no stability, no solid parents or solid mentors,” Margaret said. “Becoming those for them is not always an
easy thing, and it’s certainly not always Dahlkes no longer volunteer as EMTs, welcome on their part. … Not every though Bill continues to teach CPR and EMT classes. But they remain inchild was glad to be in our home, and volved with their foster kids, and now, several of them were glad to leave it. But their foster grandkids as well. the kids that were long-term, they’re amazing kids and they took the tools The Dahlke’s oldest foster daughter, that we taught them and made good use Shawna Daves, said, “As long as I can of them. … The girls that we have raised remember, my parents have always have become very productive individubeen very willing to als and have turned help, no matter what their lives around in the circumstances a sense, and now they were, whether it are doing some of the was a huge inconsame things that we venience, whether The nice thing about did for them.” the weather was working in a very small bad. Even if people The demands of being community is, you have were stuck in a ditch, volunteer EMTs and people willing to help you or if people in the a volunteer fireman do what you have to do. community needed didn’t stop just behelp with sandbagcause the Dahlkes had ging when the Platte a family. River was flooding. They’re the kind of “The nice thing about working in a very people who would give you the shirt small community is, you have people off their back.” willing to help you do what you have Shawna said she and her sister, Robin to do. We had babysitters who literally Claborn, were placed in foster care were on call for us. We had people who when she was about 8 or 9 and Robin would come sit for us in the middle of was about 6. the night if we got a call, so I was generally as active as Bill was as an EMT, When they went to live with the Dahland sometimes more active, because he kes, “They took over the parenting, worked a full-time job.” the parental role, when our parents The need for EMTs or firefighters didn’t stop for holidays. Sometimes, Bill and Margaret were called away from holiday meals and other family activities. Their response area included the infamous Interstate 80 corridor between Elk Mountain and Rawlins. That meant that they often were called during some of the worst weather to help people who were involved in crashes on I-80, day or night. The Dahlkes’ emergency volunteer work was appreciated by most people, “but sometimes not by our kids,” Margaret said. Now living in Greybull, which relies on an ambulance service out of Cody, the
couldn’t or wouldn’t,” Shawna said. “They sacrificed for us, fought for us, cared for us, like their own kids, from Day 1. You would never have known we were their foster kids by the way they treated us. We were all equal.” Shawna, who now has three children of her own, said she works as a youth advocate, and she volunteers with Meals on Wheels. “Honestly, I learned that from them,” she said. Robin described her foster parents with one word: Caring. “They took us in due to a medical situation with my real mom and turned it into a good thing for us kids,” Robin
said. “They’re really selfless people. They’ve given a lot of time to their communities, and ever since I can remember, they have always helped others.” Robin, who has two children, also has followed in the Dahlkes’ footsteps, serving as a volunteer EMT in her Texas community. Looking back on their volunteer experience, Bill said, “I enjoyed it. I enjoyed being able to help people — my wife and I both enjoyed that. We enjoyed it because we were doing it for our community.” “That was our life,” Margaret said. W Ilene Olson is a freelance photographer, writer, editor and public relations specialist in Powell. She can be reached at LightweaverCreative@gmail.com.
SheepSkin SlipperS On SAle!
We’ve had a busy year at HIGH PLAINS SHEEPSKIN, making and shipping thousands of these great slippers to people in all 50 states. We have some overstock, so we’re putting them on Sale for 15% off. Our durable hardsole sheepskin slippers are now $65.00, sheepskin soled $55.00. Sale price between January 15 and February 28 only. Sizes and colors may be limited. Shipping is $8.90 for the first item, $4.00 for each additional item. WE MAKE GREAT HATS & MITTENS, TOO! pO Box 1410 east helena, MT 59635 www.hpsheepskin.com
MADE IN MONTANA from American Sheepskin
Order on the internet, by mail or phone!
1-800-99SlipS FEB 2019
29
WHAT'S HAPPENING
WHAT'S HAPPENING REGIONAL MAP
02
03
PHOTO BY JENNIE HUTCHINSON
04
01
FEATURED EVENT
WYOMING STATE WINTER FAIR
FEB 20 – MAR 20
01 | SOUTHEAST CHEYENNE FIRST & THIRD SATURDAYS Winter Farmer’s Market: Local vegetables, coffee, meat, eggs, crafts and more. 10a-2p, Cheyenne Train Depot Lobby, info 307-640-2665, cheyennewinterfarmersmarket@gmail. com.
C H U G WAT E R ONGOING Events at Stampede Saloon & Eatery: Karaoke Contest Mar 1, $500 finals Apr 5. Acoustic jam session 6p Thu; live music Fri and Sat. Stampede Saloon & Eatery, info 307-422-3200, stampedefun@aol.com.
GUERNSEY THIRD MONDAYS Book Discussion Group: 7p, info 307-5751384. Tri-City Arts Guild: 6:30p, info 307-5751384. SUNDAYS VFW Bingo: 1p, VFW Hall, info 307-8362631. FOURTH SUNDAYS American Legion Riders: 2p, Crazy Tony’s Bar & Grill, info 307-575-0838.
FEBRUARY 22-23
Two-Day Trade Show, Lander Community Center. MARCH 8
Jackpot Team Roping, 6:30p, Lander Rodeo Grounds. MARCH 9
Ultimate Miniature Bull Riding, 7p, LOTRA Arena, Lander Rodeo Grounds, $7. MARCH 10
Lander Horse Show, 9a-3p, Lander Rodeo Grounds arena. INFO 307-349-5844
WYOMINGSTATEWINTERFAIR.ORG
NORTHWEST 30
FEB 2019
H A RT V I L L E FOURTH SUNDAYS Hartville Museum & Community Center: Free music jam for musicians and listeners. Everyone is welcome. Bring snacks and have fun! 4–6p, info 307-8362288.
LARAMIE MARCH 7 Spring to Dance: Concert features new works by UW dance faculty. 7:30p, Buchanan Center for the Performing Arts, $14, $11 senior, $7 students, info 307-7662160.
TORRINGTON SECOND WEDNESDAYS Rex Young Rock Club: 7–8p, Senior Friendship Center, info 308-632-5574. THURSDAYS TOPS (Taking Off Pounds Sensibly): 8–10a, Senior Friendship Center, info 307-334-3358.
02 | NORTHEAST B U F FA L O THURSDAYS Bluegrass Jam Session: 6:30p, Occidental Saloon, free, info 307-684-0451.
M O O RC RO F T THIRD MONDAYS Moorcroft Historical Society: 5:45p, West Texas Trail Museum. THIRD THURSDAYS Birthday and Anniversary Dinner: Meat provided, bring a side dish. 5p social hour, 6p dinner, Senior Center.
NEWCASTLE FRIDAYS Bingo: 7:30p, VFW Hall, free.
S H E R I DA N FEBRUARY 21 The Very Hungry Caterpillar Show: 6p, WYO Theater, $13.50, $11 senior and military, $7 students, info 307-672-9084, wyotheater. com. MARCH 16 St. Paddy’s Day Celebration with Colcannon: Irish music performed live. 7:30p, WYO Theater, $26, $22.50 military, $17 student, info 307-672-9084, wyotheater.com. MARCH 17 Sheridan College Symphony Band: Eric Richards directs, 2p, Whitney Center for the Arts, free, info whitneyarts.org.
FOURTH TUESDAYS Bingo: 6:30p, Community Hall, info 307710-4045.
MARCH 19 B – The Underwater Bubble Show: A modern fairy tale for all ages with drama, mime, dance, magic and more. 6p, WYO Theater, $13.50, $11 senior/military, $7 student, info 307-672-9084, wyotheater.com.
PINE BLUFFS
S U N DA N C E
TUESDAYS Bingo: 7p, Recreation meeting room, 25¢ per card, 14 games, info 307-245-3301.
WEDNESDAYS & THURSDAYS Yoga: 4:30p Wed, 5:30p Thu, Central Office Gym, $5, info 307-282-0769.
MEDICINE BOW
WHAT'S HAPPENING
FEB 20 – MAR 20
UPTON
LANDER
THERMOPOLIS
MARCH 14 Chamber of Commerce Meeting: Noon, Remy’s Diner, info 307-468-2642.
FEBRUARY 23 Lander Unplugged acoustic concert: 6-8p, Lander Bake Shop, free, info unplugged.wy@gmail.com.
MARCH 8 ArtStroll: 2nd Friday Stroll on Broadway Street in downtown Thermopolis. Theme is “Young at HeART,” 5-8p, info 307-864-3002, gatherer@panix.com.
ONGOING Indoor Archery: Mon-Sat 5-9p, also 9a-12p Sat, 2741 Hwy 116N, $10, info 307-468-2506. ONGOING Senior Center Activities: Weekday lunch $4 make reservation before 9a 307-468-9267. Tuesday coffee and treats, with an exercise program at 9a. Seniors welcome Thu and Fri 1-4p. Potluck 5:30p third Mondays. Medical equipment loans. 1113 2nd St., info 307-468-9251.
WRIGHT MARCH 3 Wright Winter Series Buckle Roping: Team roping series opens at noon. Southern Campbell County Ag complex, free to watch, info 307-391-0555.
03 | NORTHWEST C O DY THIRD SUNDAYS Wyoming Fiddler Association District #2 Jam: 1–4p, Cassie’s Supper Club, info 307-754-2687. ONGOING Cody Country Art League Gallery: 9a–5p Mon–Fri, 836 Sheridan Ave, info 307-587-3597.
MARCH 10 Fremont County Orchestra Symphony Pops: Clarinet soloist Dan Foster performing. 7p, Lander Valley High School, tickets: $10-$20. Info murdock1@bresnan.net.
SUBMIT AN EVENT
Send complete information for the April issue’s events by
MARCH 10!
Please remember that events from the 20th of April to the 20th of May are included in the April issue. Be sure to include the date, title, description, time, cost, location, address and contact information for each event. Photos are always welcome.
DUBOIS FEBRUARY 21 National Bighorn Sheep Center Annual Meeting: Potluck dinner, learn about education outreach and local bighorn herd. 6p, Headwaters Events Center, registration preferred, info 307-455-3429, bighorn.org.
Look for more events at wyomingrea.org/news.
MARCH 7 Early Residents: Steve Banks to talk about early Dubois history. 7p, Dubois Museum, free, info 307-455-2284.
QUESTIONS & SUBMISSIONS:
MARCH 14 Whiskey Basin Collaborative Meeting and Sheep Summit: All-day public meeting on local herd includes Wyoming Game and Fish, UW Ruckelshaus Institute, Wyoming Wild Sheep Foundation. 6-9p, Headwaters Events Center, info 307-455-3429, bighorn.org.
[307] 772-1968
wren@
wyomingrea.org
214 W. Lincolnway
Ste. 21C Cheyenne, WY 82001
wyomingrea.org/
wren-submissions
ONGOING Big River: Adventures of Huck Finn: 7-9p March 1, 3, 8 and 9; 2-4p March 2. Central Wyoming College Peck Arts Center Theater, $12, $10 youth and seniors, tickets 307-855-2002, tickets@cwc.edu. ONGOING Sunday Swing Dancing at the Coalter Loft: 6-9p every Sunday in March, 126 Main Street, free. Info 307332-8228. ONGOING Weekly Family Ice Skating at City Park: Concessions onsite. 10a-5p Mon-Fri, 12-5p Sat & Sun. Night skates on 7-9p Wed, 7-10p Sat. 405 E. Fremont. Skate rentals $2.50, admission $1.50, info 307-332-4647.
R I V E RT O N MARCH 9 Rabbit Hide Painting: Kids learn to paint on rabbit pelts, inspired by petroglyphs. 2p, Riverton Museum, $4, registration required, limit 12 participants ages 8 and up. Info 307856-2665. MARCH 14 Carol L. Deering, Poet: Deering to present her first published book of poems. 6:30p, Riverton Museum, free, info 307-856-2665. ONGOING Weekly Ice Skating: Rink is open during daylight, closed if the temperature is below zero. 3-6p Thu, 3-9p Fri, 12-9p Sat, 12-5p Sun. Tonkin Stadium open-air ice rink. Skate rentals $3, info. rrecreation.com.
TEN SLEEP FIRST & THIRD THURSDAYS Live Music: Acoustic Open Mic Night on 1st Thu; Open JAM Night on 3rd Thu 7p, Ten Sleep Brewing Co., info tensleepbrewingco.com.
MARCH 14-16 CWCC Cutting: Hot Springs County Fairgrounds, info thermopolischamber.org. MARCH 16 Freedom Ball: 1950s sock hop theme, Thermopolis VFW Post #2281, $5, info thermopolischamber.org. MARCH 17 Bow Hunter’s Shoot: Hot Springs County Fairgrounds, info thermopolischamber.org.
04 | SOUTHWEST J AC K S O N FRIDAYS TO MARCH 29 Feathered Fridays: View live birds of prey. 12-2p, Jackson Hole & Greater Yellowstone Visitor Center, free. School and non-profit groups call 307-739-9322 for a private raptor lesson. ONGOING National Elk Refuge Sleigh Rides: Daily 10a-4p through early April. $25, $15 for ages 5-12, under 5 free. Jackson Hole & Greater Yellowstone Visitor Center, info 307-733-0277.
LY M A N SECOND FRIDAYS Lego Club: 10a–noon, Lyman Branch Library, ages 8 & up, free, info 307787-6556, uintalibrary.org.
M O U N TA I N V I E W WEDNESDAYS Storytime: 11a, Uinta County Library, info 307-782-3161. SECOND WEDNESDAYS Chamber of Commerce Community Luncheon: For business owners and individuals alike. $15/plate, noon, Town Hall, RSVP bvchamber@bvea. net, 307-787-6378. FEB 2019
31
02 01
01 her morning, Charlotte Beebe, 02 Starting Pueblo, Colorado My ol’ buddy, Lori Archer, Gillette
THIS MONTH:
MORNING
03 06
at 39,000 feet, 03 Sunrise Carol Enderson, Cheyenne morning, Tamara Filcaske, 04 Frosty Gillette morning at Hoodoo Ranch, Pat 05 Beautiful Nelson, Cody
04 05
JUST PICTURE IT
APRIL (DUE MAR 10):
MAY (DUE APR 10):
STORMS
DEER
07 06 08
09
06
Good morning Big Horns, Tiffany Shroyer, Riverton
like a cross in the sky, 07 Looks Flower Norris, Lander the time by the light in the sky, 08 Checking Ruth Zeller, Lovell
09 Good morning sun, Carrie Miller, Laramie morning mulie, Cynthia Vannoy, 10 Early Clearmont 10
JUST PICTURE IT wren@wyomingrea.org SUBMIT A PHOTO
214 W. Lincolnway Ste. 21C Cheyenne, WY 82001 wyomingrea.org/wren-submissions Please include your name, hometown and a title.
Please submit high-quality digital files* or an original we can scan, as well as details about the artwork, the artist’s name, and the co-op. *Use the highest quality setting on your camera, or save digital artwork as a .jpg or .tif file with at least 300 dpi resolution. Don’t use Kodak Easy Share®. If you would like your work returned, please include a self-addressed, stamped envelope.
12 11
out to the hayfield, 11 Headed Charlene Camblin, Gillette
13
made a farmer, 12 God Krissy Borcher, Moorcroft gems, Amber Greer, 13 Morning Hyattville Surprise, Heike Bohl, 14 Morning Devils Tower
14
PUZZLE ANSWERS
PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS
FROM PAGE 21
02. George Washington To James McHenry | Friday, August 10, 1798 03. From George Washington To Charles M. Thruston | Sunday, August 10, 1794 05. From George Washington To The Hebrew Congregation In Newport, Rhode Island | Wednesday, August 18, 1790 06. From George Washington To Mary Ball Washington | Thursday, February 15, 1787 GEORGE WASHINGTON
07. George Washington’s Fifth Annual Address To Congress | Friday, December 13, 1793
01. From Abraham Lincoln's Autobiographical Sketch, December 20, 1859
FROM PAGE 20
04. Abraham Lincoln’s Letter To Theodore Canisius, May 17, 1859
KIDS CORNER ANSWERS:
08. Abraham Lincoln’s Eulogy On Zachary Taylor, July 25, 1850
0001 = 1
09. Abraham Lincoln's Inaugural Address, March 4, 1861
1111 = 15, or 8+4+2+1
10. Abraham Lincoln’s Letter To Isham Reavis, November 5, 1855
1100011 = 99, or 64+32+0+0+0+2+1
11. Abraham Lincoln’s Letter To Fanny McCullough, December 23, 1862 ABRAHAM LINCOLN
Sources: Mountvernon.org/Library/Digitalhistory/Quotes, Whitehouse.gov, Abrahamlincolnonline.org/Lincoln/Speeches/Quotes.htm
ONE-CALL OF WYOMING
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FEB 2019
35
ENLIGHTEN US
GRATITUDE In November, Walt Gasson asked WREN readers to share what they are grateful for. We received these thoughtful responses.
LYNN G. CARLSON
I’m grateful for the sparrows, jackrabbits and red-tailed hawks that grace my property and put on a show for me every day. I’m grateful for a warm, well-lit house, a car that runs and the people in my life who give me love and worry and hope. I’m grateful for that crazy thing called the internet because in spite of its shortcomings, it allows me to connect with people and look up things I want to learn more about. And because so many struggle with pain, I’m reminded to be grateful for a body that carries me through my day with only a twinge here and there.
ELAINE BLANCHARD
79 I'm grateful for life upon this earth; grateful that I was born in America with all the freedoms we enjoy. Just had my 79th birthday – so grateful to still be alive. Took a moment to look back at my life, hoping that maybe my life has made a difference in someone else. We cannot touch all maybe just a few, but those few touch others and somehow we can make a difference. So grateful for each new day with its new beginning. Life is not always smooth sailing; but after the trials come the blessings. So grateful for health, good husband, children who take care of their families, grandchildren and greatgrandchildren.
Cheyenne West Haven, Utah 36
FEB 2019
RACHEL KEMNER Pavillion
I am so thankful to see the amazing sunrises every morning and the splendor God bestowed in our great state of Wyoming.
MY GSP, GINGER, IS THANKFUL FOR the Wyoming Game and Fish game bird pheasant release program and the workers so that she can hunt a bird every season.
MY HORSE AND FRIENDS ARE VERY THANKFUL FOR
PHOTO BY CLEVE BELL, LANDER
EVERY DAY IS A GIFT
the Wyoming National Forests and the people that maintain and preserve the horse trails in the mountains every year.
FEB 2019
37
CLASSIFIEDS
CATEGORIES 01.
EQUIPMENT
02. FOR SALE 03. HORSES 04. LIVESTOCK 05. POULTRY 06. REAL ESTATE 07. WANTED 08. CRAFTS 09. OPPORTUNITIES 10.
MISCELLANEOUS
11.
BUSINESS CONSULTING
12.
FOR RENT
13.
HELP WANTED
14.
DOGS
15.
EMPLOYMENT SOUGHT
16.
BUILDING SUPPLIES
17.
TRAVEL & RECREATION
18.
HEALTH
19.
PERSONAL
20. FREE
38
FEB 2019
02 | FOR SALE
07 | WANTED
Two registered WY brands: “Rocking B” and “Lightening D.” $3,000 each. 307-680-7557.
Antique Collector Looking For Oil Company Gas Pumps, Globes And Signs. Will pay fair market value! Also looking for general antiques for our antique shop. Please go to our website FrontierAutoMuseum.com. Located in Gillette WY, our passion is to preserve Wyoming history and the nostalgia of the past, especially Parco, Sinclair, Frontier, Husky and any car dealership along with all brands. We are also always looking for WY license plates and WY highway signs and State Park signs. Please call Jeff Wandler 307-680-8647 jwandler@LNH. net or daughter Briana Brewer 307-660-2402 bbrewer@frontierauto.net.
New & Used Coal Stokers, parts, service & advice. Available for most makes. Thanks. 307-754-3757. Shaver Outdoor Wood Boiler Furnace. Aermotor Windmills and parts, cylinders, pipe, rod, submersible pumps, motors, control boxes, Hastings 12 ga. bottomless stock tanks and more. Herren Bros., Box 187, Harrison NE. 1-308-6682582. Surplus Equipment New and Used: Generators, air heaters, engine driven pumps, (all sizes), solar pumps, 3” and 4” polypipe, etc. A variety of types and sizes available. Call for pricing and details: Premier PowerPlants & Pumps, Farson, WY 307273-9591.
04 | LIVESTOCK 24 coming 2-YO Limousin and Lim-Flex Bulls. All Black & Polled. Great dispositions & balanced EPDs to compliment any program. After 30 years of selling at Public Auction we are now marketing our bulls Private Treaty. We invite you to the ranch in Pavillion, WY to take a look! Call 307-856-4268 to inquire directly, or find us on Facebook. Thank you for your interest in Stoll Limousin.
Want to purchase minerals & other oil/gas interests. Send details to: PO Box 13557, Denver, CO 80201. We Pay Cash For Mineral & Oil/Gas Interests producing & non-producing. 800-733- 8122.
20 | FREE Soon Church/Government uniting, suppressing "Religious Liberty" enforcing "National Sunday Law." Be Informed! Needing Mailing address. TSBM Box 99, Lenoir City, TN 37771, thebiblesaystruth@yahoo.com, 1-888-2111715.
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Leading Acid Reflux Pill Becomes an AntiAging Phenomenon
Clinical studies show breakthrough acid reflux treatment also helps maintain vital health and helps protect users from the serious conditions that accompany aging such as fatigue and poor cardiovascular health
by David Waxman Seattle Washington: A clinical study on a leading acid reflux pill shows that its key ingredient relieves digestive symptoms while suppressing the inflammation that contributes to premature aging in men and women. And, if consumer sales are any indication of a product’s effectiveness, this ‘acid reflux pill turned anti-aging phenomenon’ is nothing short of a miracle. Sold under the brand name AloeCure, it was already backed by clinical data documenting its ability to provide all day and night relief from heartburn, acid reflux, constipation, irritable bowel, gas, bloating, and more. But soon doctors started reporting some incredible results… “With AloeCure, my patients started reporting less joint pain, more energy, better sleep, stronger immune systems… even less stress and better skin, hair, and nails” explains Dr. Liza Leal; a leading integrative health specialist and company spokesperson. AloeCure contains an active ingredient that helps improve digestion by acting as a natural acid-buffer that improves the pH balance of your stomach. Scientists now believe that this acid imbalance is what contributes to painful inflammation throughout the rest of the body. The daily allowance of AloeCure has shown to calm this inflammation which is why AloeCure is so effective. Relieving other stressful symptoms related to GI health like pain, bloating, fatigue, cramping, constipation, diarrhea, heartburn, and nausea. Now, backed with new clinical studies, AloeCure is being recommended by doctors everywhere to help improve digestion, calm painful inflammation, soothe joint pain, and even reduce the appearance of wrinkles – helping patients to look and feel decades younger.
FIX YOUR GUT & FIGHT INFLAMMATION
Since hitting the market, sales for AloeCure have taken off and there are some very good reasons why. To start, the clinical studies have been impressive. Participants taking the active ingredient in AloeCure saw a stunning 100% improvement in digestive symptoms, which includes fast and lasting relief from reflux. Users also experienced higher energy levels and endurance, relief from chronic discomfort and better sleep. Some even reported healthier looking skin, hair, and nails. A healthy gut is the key to a reducing swelling
and inflammation that can wreak havoc on the human body. Doctors say this is why AloeCure works on so many aspects of your health. AloeCure’s active ingredient is made from the healing compound found in Aloe vera. It is both safe and healthy. There are also no known side effects. Scientists believe that it helps improve digestive and immune health by acting as a natural acid-buffer that improves the pH balance of your stomach. Research has shown that this acid imbalance contributes to painful inflammation throughout your entire body and is why AloeCure seems to be so effective.
which results in inflammation in the rest of the body. The recommended daily allowance of acemannan in AloeCure has been proven to support digestive health, and calm painful inflammation without side effects or drugs. This would explain why so many users are experiencing impressive results so quickly.
EXCITING RESULTS FROM PATIENTS
By buffering stomach acid and restoring gut health, AloeCure calms painful inflammation and will help improve digestion… soothe aching joints… reduce the appearance of wrinkles and help restore hair and nails … manage cholesterol and oxidative stress… and improve sleep and brain function… without side effects or expense.
REVITALIZE YOUR ENTIRE BODY With daily use, AloeCure helps users look and feel decades younger and defend against some of the painful inflammation that accompanies aging and can make life hard.
To date over 5 million bottles of AloeCure have been sold, and the community seeking non-pharma therapy for their GI health continues to grow. According to Dr. Leal, her patients are absolutely thrilled with their results and are often Readers can now reclaim their energy, vitalshocked by how fast it works. ity, and youth regardless of age or current level “For the first time in years, they are free from concerns about their digestion and almost every of health. other aspect of their health,” says Dr. Leal, “and I recommend it to everyone who wants to imOne AloeCure Capsule Daily prove GI health without resorting to drugs, surgery, or OTC medications.” • Helps End Digestion Nightmares “I was always in ‘indigestion hell.’ Doctors • Helps Calm Painful Inflammation put me on all sorts of antacid remedies. Nothing • Soothes Stiff & Aching Joints worked. Dr. Leal recommended I try AloeCure. • Reduces appearance of Wrinkles And something remarkable happened… Not & Increases Elasticity only were all the issues I had with my stomach • Manages Cholesterol & Oxidative gone - completely gone – but I felt less joint Stress pain and I was able to actually sleep through the • Supports Healthy Immune System night.” With so much positive feedback, it’s easy to • Improves Sleep & Brain Function see why the community of believers is growing and sales for the new pill are soaring.
THE SCIENCE BEHIND ALOECURE AloeCure is a pill that’s taken just once daily. The pill is small. Easy to swallow. There are no harmful side effects and it does not require a prescription. The active ingredient is a rare Aloe Vera component known as acemannan. Made from of 100% organic Aloe Vera, AloeCure uses a proprietary process that results in the highest quality, most bio-available levels of acemannan known to exist. According to Dr. Leal and several of her colleagues, improving the pH balance of your stomach and restoring gut health is the key to revitalizing your entire body. When your digestive system isn’t healthy, it causes unwanted stress on your immune system,
HOW TO GET ALOECURE
Due to the enormous interest consumers have shown in AloeCure, the company has decided to extend their nationwide savings event for a little while longer. Here’s how it works... Call the AloeCure number and speak to a live person in the US. Callers will be greeted by a knowledgeable and friendly person approved to offer up to 3 FREE bottles of AloeCure with your order. AloeCure’s Toll-Free number is 1-800330-5324. Only a limited discounted supply of AloeCure is currently available. Consumers who miss out on the current product inventory will have to wait until more becomes available and that could take weeks. They will also not be guaranteed any additional savings. The company advises not to wait. Call 1-800-330-5324 today.
THESE STATEMENTS HAVE NOT BEEN EVALUATED BY THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION. THIS PRODUCT IS NOT INTENDED TO DIAGNOSE, TREAT, CURE, OR PREVENT ANY DISEASE. ALL DOCTORS MENTIONED ARE REMUNERATED FOR THEIR SERVICES. ALL CLINICAL STUDIES ON ALOECURE’S ACTIVE INGREDIENT WERE INDEPENDENTLY CONDUCTED AND WERE NOT SPONSORED BY THE AMERICAN GLOBAL HEALTH GROUP.
HELP BUILD YOUR CHILD’S
confidence +
self-esteem
Feeling good about themselves and feeling capable are important ingredients for your child’s social and emotional development.
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Children learn from watching and imitating the important people in their lives – that’s you! For a fun activity to do together, that your kids can help with every step of the way, visit
wyqualitycounts.org/wren
supplies
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Pillows Blankets and
/ or sleeping
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Favorite books Snacks Flashlights ies Campfire suppl
WY Quality Counts, housed in the Department of Workforce Services, helps Wyoming parents and child care providers identify and create quality learning experience for children, thanks to the funding of the Wyoming Legislature.
tissue paper Red and yellow towel rolls paper or paper Empty toilet d tea lights Battery operate
Gather ‘round!
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All WY Quality Counts activities are supported by the Wyoming Early Learning Foundations and Guidelines, as well as the Domains of Development, which include: COMMUNICATION
SENSE OF SELF & RELATIONSHIPS
CURIOUS MINDS
STRONG & HEALTHY BODIES