IN our series of zinc oxide and careful attention has b een gIven to the selecil on of the constituents incorporated in the adhesive. The result is that skin irritation is red uced to the minimum.
'LEUKO PLAS T'
ZINC OXIDE
ADHESIVE PLASTER
¥2" to 3" wide, in lengths of 1 yd.,. 5 yds. 10 yds on spools Also in speCIal tropIcal packings.
'LEUKO LASTIC'
FLESH C OLOU RED
ELASTIC ADH ESIVE BANDAGE
'- 1 6 to 3" wide, 1 yd . length stretching to 1 0/3 yds.: 3 yds. stretchin!? to yds. .On spools and in tins . Also m speclal trOPICal packings.
'HAND YPLAST'
FIRST-AID ANTISEPTIC ADHESIVE DRESSINGS WITH AN AIR STRIP
Pocket size boxes 6d. and 1/-. Also elastic strips, I ¥2" and 2¥2" wide. 1 and 5 yd. lengths for surgery use.
HERTS PHARMACE UTICALS LIMITE D
WEL WYN GARDEN CITY
HERTS ENGLAN D 90
Ambulantt <lialtttt
J :3'ournaf of t 6e in t6e @ritis6 (Beafm of t6 e (pe n er a6fe of t6e i)os.pitaf of 1St • .io6n of .ierusafem E d ited by G E ORG E E. CRAFT, F R.S .A
EDITORIAL
Th ese notes are being prepared during the" little heat wave," and as is natural o,ur thoughts turn to the summer which is in front of us Last year the beaches of the seaside towns were again made free; and hundreds of persons took advantage of the occasion to visit the coast for their holidays after, in many instances, SL"X: years' absence. It is anticipated that this year even more people will travel to the coasts; and as a natural result it may be taken for granted that more accidents will occur in such places.
This is where once again the service of the Brigade will be looked for, and where, we are quite certain, the call will no t be in vain. The establishment of First Aid Seaside Huts, either of a permanent or temporary nature, is one of the services which members of the Brigade have instituted for many years for the benefit of the general public. Having seen many in operation, we can testify to the efficiency of the movement; and having had the occasion to use at least one, we can testify to the necessity of them.
But it will not only be by the sea that our help will be required. Increase in motor traffic means, unfortunately, more road accidents. This in turn means that an increased number of roadside huts will be required if our service to the general public is to be 100 per cent. efficient. R oadside Huts, of which there were 430 in 1939, with 677 First Aid Posts and 663 Cabinets, established along the main roads, can do much to alleviate pain and s u ffering when accidents do occur. Many such Huts have, however, suffered damage, w h ilst others have become derelict through neglect due to personnel being engaged on other important work. Now, however, our services are again req u ired, and we must all do our share in this, the first full year of peace.
It is fully realised that all members have very little" free" time, and what they have is usually fully mortgaged. There are also many oth er B rigade activities which have to be covered, but the spirit o f St J olm is su ch t hat we know we can rely on our members to give of their b es t
Now is the time, however, to make sure tha t o u r e qu ipment is ready for use, and that replacements are obtained or ordered well in time for the coming summer activities.
'Otbe in tbe l\ealm of tbe 1Jenerable (lllrber of tbe of 'I !,. jfobn of j!erusalem
His Majesty the King has bem graciously pleased to sanction the following Promotions in, and Appointments to, The Vmerabl, Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem
FOR ADMISSION IN THE GRADE OF BAILIFF GRAND CROSS AND APPOINTMENT AS PRELATE
The Most Rev. Geoffrey Francis Fisher, P.C., D.D., Archbishop of Canterbury.
FOR PROMOTION TO THE GRADE OF KNIGHT
Alfred Charles Bossom, M.P.
Major Robert Lindsay Loyd, O.B.E ., M.C.
The Hon. James Moncrieff Balfour. (All from Co=ander.)
FOR ADMISSION IN THE GRADE OF KNIGHT
Lieut.-General Sir Arthur Edward Grasett, K.B.E., C.B., D.S O., M.C.
FOR ADMISSION IN THE GRADE OF ASSOCIATE KNIGHT
The Viscount Samuel, P.C., G.C.B., G.B.E.
FOR ADMISSION IN THE GRADE OF CHAPLAIN AND APPOINTMENT AS SUB-PRELATE
The Rt. Rev. Christopher Maude Chavasse, O B.E., M C., T.D., Bishop of Rochester.
The Rt. Rev. Alfred Carey Wollaston Rose, Bishop of Dover.
FOR PROMOTION TO THE GRADE OF COMMANDER (BROTHER)
The Lord Fairhaven.
Arthur Reginald Gorman Hudson, O.B.E.
Captain Guy Bowder Armstrong, M.B.E.
John Bricrley Howarth.
George Edwards.
Norman Jennings, M.B.
Major John Alexander MackenzIe, M.B. (All from Officer.)
FOR ADMISSION IN THE GRADE OF COMMANDER (BROTHER)
Ernest John Wright, C.B.E.
Colonel William Marshall Clark.
General Sir William Joseph Slim, K.C.B., C.B.E., D.S.O., M.C.
General Teffry Owen Thompson, C.B.E.
Major-General Reginald Francis Stewart Denning, C.B.
Lieut.·General Sir Henry Royds Pownall, K.C.B., K.B.E., D.S.O., M.C.
FOR PROMOTION TO THE GRADE OF COMMANDER (SISTER)
Kathleen, Miss Lamb (from Officer).
FOR PROMOTION TO THE GRADE OF OFFICER (BROTHER)
The Rev. Canon Anthony Lewis Elliott Williams (SubChaplain).
Henry Roy Pratt Boorman, M.B.E.
Frank Ward Brown.
Albert Elson.
David Nelson.
George Henry Wren.
Ar thur Wevell.
Sydney Farmer.
John Astley Killer Ferns.
J ames Harry Cadwallader.
Samuel Elms.
William Arthur Sier
William Grayson.
John Olver.
Noel Sydney Bailey Vinter, M.B.
Albert Edward Leslie Parkin. (All from Serving Brother.)
FOR ADMISSION IN THE GRADE OF OFFICER (BROTHER)
Captain Richard Waverley Head Ballantine. J ohn Douglas, O.B.E.
Colonel Harold Charles Smith, C.B.E.
Captain Kenneth Arthur
Canon Algernon Ward (Sub-Ch aplam).
Major Geoffrey Ebblewhite BaVlU (on aPPolOtment as Personal Esquire to Dr. E. A. Ebblewhite).
Dorothy Mary, Mrs. Briggs. Furnell, Miss Leppington.
DaISY Evelyn, Mrs. Codd.
Ethel, Miss Higson.
Edith May, Mrs. MacKenzie. N ancie, Miss Lees.
POLICE AMBULANCE NEWS
METROPOLITAN POLICE
co Z " Divlsion.-The annual competitions were held on March 1, when six teams competed before Dr. G. M. Stoker. The winning team was Croydon, followed by Traffic Patrol D.T.4A, with Gipsy Hill third. Sir Harold Scott (COmmissioner), who was accompanied by I:ady Scott, who presented the trophies, stressed th.e Of. aid, and congratulated the DIVlSlon on Its tralOlOg Those present included the Mayor of Croydon (Councillor J. Marshall), Sir Maurice Drummond, Sir George Abbiss (who donated the medals).. D. A. C. Hannaford, Supt. D. B. Deller, Smith, who proposed a vote co M" Division.-Dr. M. M. Scott (team) and Corps Officer G. Ladbrook (individual) judged the annual competition for the" Dalton-Ma tthew Cup" which was held on March 15. Supt. announced the results and welcomed Sir Harold Scott (Commissioner) on this, his first, visit to the divisional Harold, who presented the trophy and IOdiVldual pnzes (donated by the" M " Division, C.LD. ) and the given by Sir George Abbiss, thanked the competItors for their enthusiasm and congratulated them on their display Those present includcd D. A. C. Dalton and Co=andant Matthews (donors of the Cup), D. A. C. Hannaford, Chief ConMiss Peto, Supt. Lucas (City), " J " Division. -Dr. Ghai judged the annual competitions held at Ley ton on March 23 , when four teams competed. Walthamstow Special Constabulary team gained first place, followed by Woodford. The championship trophy was presented to the winning team by Mrs. D alton (wife of District Commander H. Dalton) and also the medals given by Asst. Commissioner Sir George Abbiss. Those present included r.rr. H. Dalton, Deputy District Commander H C. Quincey, Supt. Brazier; and prizes by Co=andant A. BartoSmith.
N" Division.-Highbury Vale, for the fourth year in ' succession, gained the championship cup at the annual competitions held on March 27. Dr. Shaw Smith again officiated as judge. One mark only separated Kentish Town team from the winners. Supt. King announced the results, and welcomed the Mayor and Mayoress of Islington (Councillor Riley and Councillor Mrs. Baker). The Mayor presented the prizes and congratulated the teams on their excellent work. The II N II Division Choir presented an excellent concert following the competition».
Qtbt ®lltrstas
RECENT WAR ACTIVITIES OF THE BRIGADE OVERSEAS IN THE EMPIRE OF INDIA
With the end of the war in Europe, members looked forward to a relief from their self-imposed duties, but it was soon realised at headquarters that, with the end of hostilities in the East, other duties were in store. The immediate and pressing need for attending to the various needs of the sick and wounded, repatriated prisoners of war and civil internees who would have to pass through ports, transit camps and hospitals in India in fairly large numbers before returni.ng to their homes in this country or the United Kingdom was fully realised. A warning was therefore sent out to the Officers-in-Charge of Brie;ade Districts asking them to keep members fully prepared for the various services that would have to be rendered.
The responst to tris call was indeed enthusiastic, and members, especially in the port towns of Bombay, Calcutta, and Madras, and also in Poona, have perhaps worked harder since September than during the whole period of the war. The reason for thlS is not far to seek, for in addition to the existing activities, which had to be fully maintained, the new task had to be performed with speed and efficiency.
Thus, members of the Nursing Divisions in Calcutta, who were already responsible entirely for the running of the 100-bed British Troops Convalescent Hostel in Camac Street, in which over thirty members have worked regularly since 1942, and were assisting at the 60-bed R.A.F. Sick Quarters at Ballyganj, the Indian Troops Hostel at Mayurbhanj Palace, the Field Blood Transfusion Service, and the Saturday Club Blood Bank, have in addition done excellent service in the reception of the prisoners of war and civilian internees repatriated from the Far East. This was no new task to members who had performed in the first half of 1942 the arduous task of meeting in a day two to four ships that arrived, often overloaded with destitute, hungry, fever-, enteric- or cholera-ridden refugees fleeing from the advance of the conqueling Japanese hordes.
Since September last the Iursing Divisions have been privileged to meet R.A.P.W.I. and civil internees arrlvmg by aeroplane and serve them with tea, biscuits, sweets, lemonade, cigarettes, Ho r lick's, and toys and books for the children. The duty involved long hours of waiting at the airstrip, but proved a most successful and inspiring one, especially when some of the arrivals described it as their first cu p of tea for three years or more I
Soon it was found that the repatriated needed much help, as it was their first contact with the outside world after regaining their, freedom. They appeared quite lost at tunes and nee?-ed amongst other things advice for the they were undertaking. A collechon of empty bottles was one of the errands St. John had to perform in order, to, provide the repatriated with fresh drinking water on the commencement of their rail journey. From the St. John Greeting and Speeding Corps' funds they were also provided with cartons containing the first meal for the journey. Another useful service which the Corps performed was the ge,tting together in a couple of of a large supply of clothing wI:lch w<l:s shippe.d on a hospital ship, for at Singapore. Fme work IS also bemg done at the Transit Hospital.
While continuing nursing duty at the military hospitals, members of the 1 ursing Livisions in 'Madras also have done good work in the reception and greeting of ships bringing released prisoners and civilian internees who arrived at the harbour almost every day during September-November. The majority of persons were ill and in poor condition. They were conveyed by ambulances to trains and to hospitals, Those in better conditlOn were transported to camps or to private houses in the city, Members were principally occupied at the station for several hours daily going through the ambulance trains with papers, periodicals, s'vveets, hot and cold drinks, etc., and generally giving help in any way they could. Some members were on canteen duty at the harbour, welcoming and handmg out refreshments and other gifts. Besides these duties, members accommodated some of the fitter released prisoners in their homes and thereby did much to welcome and cheer many men and women passing through Madras.
The Nursing Divisions of the Bombay District, which have been fully occupied with various war activities, including day and night nursing responsibility for the 86-bed ward in the Indian Military Hospital, the St. John Information Centre at Coloba, for the benefit of all ranks, embarkation arrangements for the reception and hospitality of women's services personnel and civilians and the Families' Free Canteen at the docks, have been doing a fine job at the Mahabaleshwar and Bombay Transit Camps set up in September for civilian internees released fr?m Malaya, Singapore, etc. The Distr.lct deserves credit for having furmshed and eqUipped at very short notice the two camps set up in Bombay and the 94
excellent nursing help provided for these and for the Mahabaleshwar Camp. Very !?,ood seryice has also been performed lD meetmg several ships with. R.A.P.W.I. aboard, and assistance given to those who wished to spend a few hours has been much appreciated. SpeCIally so the arrangements made for looking after children for the durahon of ship's stay in port in ord.er that parents could be free for a little. outmg. Many such parents said that this was the first time in four years that they had been free from their children" and very grateful for this brief resplte dunng which children were cared for, taken to the zoo, a swim at the Government House Beach, etc., gjven a complete ou.tfit of clothes, and sent back to the ShIp before she was due to sail
TI:e Transport Unit, while contlDulDg Its work for the three services sent to all ships bringini R.A.P.V\ I., transfernng serious cases to the hospItals, and loading the less serious ones, to the hospital trains. Excellent has been done during disembark; rr:embers distribute papers, magaCIgarettes, matches, sweets, etc.
BeSIdes released P.O.W. from the Far East, New Zealand and Australian troops released from captivity in Europe who have recently passed through Bombay h.ave been taken around and shown the SIghts of Bombay. Stretcher cases fit enough to come ashore have also been taken for a drive round the city. Officers the convoys to act as guides and, pomt places of interest, and patients gIven sandwiches, cakes, tea cold The Deolali, Poona and IG.J:kee Umts have given all possible aSSIstance .to the R.A.P.W.I. Besides work at ItS ?wn station, the Poona Transport Umt has answered urgent ca!ls f<?r ambulances from the seventyffille dIstant Mahabaleshwar.
Full reports from other Districts are but it is known that Dlvlswns lD other parts of th.e country also ve their part in giving the pnsoners such aid as required, ill addItIon, ?f course, to performing their normal hospltal and other duties.
SUPPLEM ENT TO FIRST AID
Two small errors have crept into the Supplement recently published:
(1) Page 12. Three lines from the bottom of the parre the word " foot" should read b" head."
(2) Page 32, In Rule 4 the words "and 2 seconds feet down" should read "and 3 seconds feet down."
95
My FRIENDS
It has been said that" littl knowled!?'e is. a dangerous tbing," u e a pomt It would seem to be erhaps from a M.C.D. point of view c.ould rewrite it and say that" wbilst a knowledge is dangerous, the more e. know, the less dangerous it becomes" It IS on tbis point of a little more ledge that I am writing these notes,
Do you know the best way to empty a ,mug? It sounds a silly question doesn t It? Yet, reading as I have the reply to this and similar questwns by a trained nurse, I came to the that my little knowledge was danberous. Can you tell a patient how to a broncbitis kettle, and do you issue wlth y.our kettle a little bag of sand in case of .These and scores of other queshons anse lD the well-conducted M C Depot, and we should all know not an answer, but the correct answer.
To help you with these difficulties severC3:1 the finest trained nurses in ou; with considerable help from outSIde bodies, have drawn up a syllabus of four on the use and care of M.C.D. In addition, they have also complIed a series of notes to help your lecturer.
I am hoping that you will all take up a course of these lectures and that they will help you to a better understanding of what, to .many of you, is a new subject. By the hme these notes reach you they Wlll ready, so please drop me a postcard If you are interested.
It, is hoped that you will obtain the sefVlces of a trained nurse to give the lecture. do not delay, for to uphold tJ:e tradihons of the Brigade we must give of. our best, and this applies as much to adVlce as to practical work.
Progress through efficiency being our here at Headquarters, as in the DIVlswns, I am busily gettinrr together a "quiz" for you. It will \e a change from the usual first aid or home and, in fact, will make quite a mce Impromptu examination after your course of lectures,
The number of new Depots being registered has fallen off tbis past week or so but we have reached the 370 mark. Will all those who are still "sitting on the fence," over, please fall gently on the I WIll SIde, for I have privately promised the" powers that be" that we shall reach the 500 m,ark by the end of the year!
THE SECRETARY M.e.D.
ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION
Divisional
By C. T. SCOTT, M.A., M.D.
Surgeon,
The St John Ambulance Brigade At-Home.
(A lecture delivered to the Market Harborough Division, S.J .A. B.)
(Continued from page 68, March, I946, issue.)
THE ROCKING METHOD
We now come to the most recent and most efficient of all practical methods as yet devised, the Rocking Method, which is associated with the n<l:me of Dr. Eve, its inventor. This is quite simple but needs special apparatus . Further, It cannot well be started by only one operator as he will be busy keeping up Schafer's method .and cannot leave his patient. The patient is laid face downwards on a and his hands and feet. are firmly tied to the handles of the stretcher. The stretcher IS then placed across a pIvot or trestle and rocked alternately head down four seconds, feet down three seconds, to an angle of 45 degrees (half a right-angle).
.
What happens to the patient is this. When the head end of stretcher IS lowered the abdominal viscera push up against the diaphragm, raise it l.t;ltO the chest and so compress the lungs and cause expiration (similar to Schafer). Agam, when the foot end is lowered the weight of the viscera sucks the diaphragm downwards and so promotes active inspiration which is entirely lackin g in Schafer. Think now of the nearl.y dead patient with flaccid muscles, in which case, as we have already seen, Schafer IS useless. What happens with rocking? The diaphragm, being flaccid and flabby, the Rocking Method is even better than before , because the flabby diaphragm is even more easily pushed up and down by the viscera than is the strong one.
Other advantages of the Rocking Method are that the up -anrl-down movements pump blood into the lungs and heart and so help very materially to revive the circulation. It can be used for the woman with the small waist and large bust or for the pregnant woman and can be safely used if the ribs are broken, the liver ruptur e d or the spine fractured It is certainly not wise to use it in a case of fractured skull as the head down might increase any haemorrhage in the brain. Schafer is best in this case. Further advantages of the Rocking Method are that the patient's wet clothing can be changed whilst it is going on , hot water bottles and blankets can be applied, and, once started, anybody can carryon.
Schafer's method has caused a good deal of dissatisfaction in the Navy, and I believe that I am right in saying that rocking has largely superseded it where practicable.
In practice the procedure can easily be improvised, but a specially built stretche r is far better if obtainable. To improvise the apparatus some pivot must be fixed to th e under surface of the sides of the stretcher. Blocks of wood with a V cut, nailed on, or two large 4 in. nails driven in at an angle to one another, to keep the stretcher from slipping when tilted, or cords may be tied round the stretcher sides by a clove hitch and the loose ends tied to the pivot. The pivot may be an iron bar or crow-bar, a piece of gas-piping or a strong pole resting on chairs, boxes or tables. In an emergency even the stretcher can be improvised by a table-top, gate or door and the trestle of a a very go.od support, which should be just about three feet high to give 45 degrees tilt to an ordmary stretcher. A very ingenious Rocking stretcher is in use in which the trestle is hinged to the middle of each side of the stretcher at its mid point,. one f?ot of each trestle pointing to the opposite handles. The patient can then be qmckly lifted or rolled off the ground where he is being " Schafered " and on to the stretcher, and as the lift the stretcher from the ground, the feet of the trestle drop down and automatIcally lock themselves so that not a moment is lost.
When commencing to in a case of drowning it is important to start head down first and to hold the patIent there so long as water runs out of his mouth. This is water may in the air passages (0: b.ronchial tubes) and the foot-down position will suck that water mto the lungs, where It IS not only more difficult to get rid of but may lead to a form of pneumonia later if the patient recovers.
With individuals or. children it is possible to do the rocking method manually, when space IS confined, as m a small boat, or where nothing is at hand to improvise a rocking stretcher. A can be held in the arms of one man, who places one arm under the top of the child s chest and one under the thighs with the child's face downwards, rocks the child alternately head down and feet down. Two men can do the same Wlth a light adult standing facing one another on either side of the patient, their forearms the top ?f the chest. and the thighs of the victim. Hospital beds have been made a rocking mechamsm, the whole mattress being pivoted at the and can e<l:sily be .up and. do:vn by one nurse. This has proved useful m cases of paralYSIS, where artifiCIal reSpIratIOn has to be continued for a long time.
96
During the 20 or .30 years :various forms of apparatus have been designed to try to keep artifida.! re?plratIOn gomg for many hours or days in cases of paralysis of the muscles of respIratIOn.
In Dr. Drinker, of America, invented a metal cabinet to hold the patient all except his head .. The interior Of. this cabinet is connected to an electrically driven pm?p, throu/?h SImple which create alternate negative and positive pressure mSlde the cabmet, so the to and contract rhythmically. The speed of the pump can be vaned to smt the mdlVldual case. This is essentially a hospital apparatus and n?t a first aid machine; it is what is known an " Iron Lung."
I use of oxygen and carbon dlOXlde as auxiliary to artificial respIratIon as It IS of benefit and should always be used when possible to supplem.ent the mechamcal. .. The use of oxygen to inhale is quite obvious, as oxy!?en .IS gas that respIratIon brmgs to the blood in the lungs. It is in fact what IS for: v.:hy the inhale carbon dioxide with it? Surely that IS what resplratlOn IS t? nd of. This is quite true, but a small, conextra do se of carbon dIOXlde m the blood stimulates the respiratory centre in t?e bram and, as It were, makes the centre say" Here is too much CO . I must get nd o.f and sets to. w<?rk to start respiration to do so. The for admmlstenng carbon di<?Xlde and oxygen is very handy, compact and useful, and should be part ?f the <;qmpment of all an.d bathing rescue parties.
Oxygen-C0 2 mhalatIon should be used ill conjunctIon with oth er methods of artificial respiration. It is quite easy to use it with the rocking apparatus if a rubber face-piece is applied; and it can also be used with Schafer.
In conclusion, start off with Schafer, convert to rocking when possible; if Schafer does not succeed and you are alone, change over to Silvester. Do not forget heat and other restoratives I will finish as I began: "Start at once; and do not give up too soon."
VISIT TO NORTH-WEST EUROPE AND THE PARIS SUB-COMMISSION
Lady Dunbar-Nasmith (Deputy Supt.in-Chief, N.D.) recently visited the above areas on behalf of the Joint War Organisation. Arriving in Brussels, she was shown the Stores Department and the Transport Section, which, owing to the recent floods, had experienced considerable difficulty in maintaining an adequate number of vehicles on the roads.
A visit was paid to the 108 General Hospital in Brussels, and the 106 General Hospital in Antwerp, and at both expressions of appreciation were given of the work of the Welfare Officers. Lady Nasmith had the pleasure of meeting several St. John members of the Mobile Column, now based at Antwerp , all of whom spoke with gratitude of the way their Commanding Officer, Mr. Margetts, looked after their welfare.
At Herford Lady Nasmith met Miss Pembroke, who arranged for her to meet General Phillips and to lunch with the D.D.M.S., several A.D M.S., and the Assistant Principal Matron, all of whom were extremely appreciative of the work of the Red Cross. The No. 8 RA.F. Hospital, near Minden, and the No. 1 Convalescent Home for Officers, near Waterloo, and the No. 4 Convalescent Home for A.T.S. Other Ranks, which is fuliilling a very great need, were also visited, as was the Relatives' Hostel in Brussels,' where Lady Nasmith stayed, and the Relatives' Hostel at Vlotho.
Whilst at Vlotho, where five new teams arrived during her stay, Lady Nasmith 97
visited the following units in connection with the Civilian Relief: No. 5 Mobile Hospital Unit near Bad Munder, B.RC. Teams 120'.137 and 138 working at a camp for dIsplaced persons at Fallingbostel, B.RC. Teams 103, 113 and 114 at Belsen, and also two B.R.C. Teams, 119 and 141, the former based at Hagen for work in the Dortmund area and the latter on the outskirts of Hamm. The No. 5 Mobile Hospital Unit had taken over a large German sanatorium accommodating some 300 T.B. cases from Belsen; whilst the Fallingbostel camp contained 14,000 displaced persons. At Belsen some of the members of the original teams were still at work-a tribute to their devotion and stamina. The Civilian Relief Rest House at Bad Pyrmont was also visited.
At Paris Lady Nasmith visited the Hertford Hospital, and accompanied a welfare officer during her usual afternoon round of Paris, visiting a hospital where medical supplies and soap were distributed to British patients. She also accompanied the welfare officer when she distributed food parcels to several British families.
HOSPITAL SATURDAY FUND CENTRE
A further adult course on Child Welfare will commence on Monday, May 6, at 29, Museum Street (near Holbom Tube Station), at 6.30 p.m. As accommodation is limited to 20 to 30 students, early application is requested. Fee for the course is lOs. 6d., and the Hon. Secretary is Joseph Ash, 59, Park Lane, Wallington, Surrey, from whom all particulars can be obtained.
GERMS AND THE FIRST-AIDER
By GUY BOUSFIELD, M.D., B.S.(Lond.) (County Surgeon, The St. John Ambulance Brigade)
Everyone who has taken a course in provides their food requirements, the first-aid or home-nursing knows why we germs multiply to such an extent that we have to be so careful in handling dressings can see them as what we call a colony. and dealing with wounds, compound So many of them have come from. a sin gle fractures and burns: it is because of the microbe that they form a sohd mass germs which may be introduced into the which can be seen a ya rd or more away. body, causing septic infections or, in some Sometimes these colonies have a most cases, more serious diseases. distinct colour and we can say almost It may, therefore, be of interest to know definitely what the germ is withou t even a little more about the nature of these putting it under the microscope. Of microbes, germs or bacteria, as they are course when we want to study the shape variously called. There are so many of a germ carefully, it has to be fixed to a different kinds that it will only be possible slide (or rather thousands have to be dried to refer to a few of them; but when one on a slide in water, for we couldn't in any realises what these little mischief-makers way pick out a single germ i), and then are capable of it will serve as a reminder they are stained with various dyes so and a lesson that all the precautions that the microscope will show them to us mentioned in " First Aid to the Injured" clearly. have a very real importance in the treat- Not all germs are harmful to us; ment of persons who are suffering from and some are always present in our bodi es wounds, etc. (chiefly in our bowels) without affecting First of all, what are these germs? our health in any way. Our skin is conWe all know that they are very tiny and stantly covered with minute round germs that most of them require a microscope called staphylococci, and, however carewith a powerful lens to enable us to see fully we wash our hands, within an hour them at all. Are they minute vicious or so there will again be plenty of animals, waiting to spring on the un- staphylococci on our skin. These are quite suspecting human being like a flea? harmless as long as they remain on the Do they sit around watching the intended surface of the skin, but if certain varieties victim until he opens his mouth in order of them are rubbed into a scratch, boils, to take a :£lying leap on to his tongue, abscesses and whitlows may result, if the and thence make their way to the tonsils, body is below par, that is to say if the lungs or bowels? Nothing could be resistanc e to disease of the person is not farther from the truth. Most germs are good at the time the germ is introduced only examples of a low form of plant life. into the body. The condition of resistThey consist of one single minute cell ance to infection by bacteria is known as and cannot move about on a table, though immunity. For this reason not all people they can be blown about in the air by who .are infected with germs need develop winds or draughts, when they are dry. a dlsease, b ecause they are immun e, If you put them in water and keep them but they may actually carry millions of wet, they are quite safe; they cannot harmful microbes about in their throats jump or crawl out of the water over any (or elsewhere) without being ill. Such dry place. Some of them indeed can persons may be dangerous to o thers and swim very well and at an amazing speed are known as germ-carriers. Healthy in proportion to their size. This they are men and women can carry germs in the able to do by the movement of long hairs or nose which are capable of proattached to the single cell of their bodies. ducmg s.carlet fever, erysipelas, general
The germ population can multiply at blood.-pOlsoning, diphtheria, meningitis, an enormous rate in favourable circum- etc., m other people. 1£ someone who is stances, when they can obtain the right carrying certain of these germs coughs or kind of nouri£hment and live at the sneezes at, or near, other people, the proper temperature. Some microbes are harmf.ul microbes may cause a spread of very particular about their food and the the dlsease. This is the reason for the amount of warmth they need; others slogan-" Coughs and sneezes spread will grow uI?-der almost any conditions: diseases! "
They produce their "families" by the Now in dealing with a wounded person, simple process of splitting themselves if you happen to be one of these carriers, into two parts or more; each piece growing a:=td you cough or even talk in the direca complete new germ. Then the new bon of the woupd. you may spray some micr0bes again split up and so on. When ?f ger,ms it and thus cause we grow bacteria in the laboratory in an miectlOn . .. 41th<:mgh such carriers are incubator, on an artificial substance which not .very numerous, we all might be one, 98
so it is well to remember never to cough, or even to talk directly in the direction of the wound that we are dressing. To do so may well be quite as dangerous as working with dirty hands.
The way in which most of these microbes produce damage in our bodies is that, as they grow and multiply, they produce poisons which, in turn, cause the symptoms of the various diseases Some germs, when outside the body, are easily killed either by heat, cold or disinfectants. Others are more robust or re sistant: they form a kind of seed or spore within themselves, and this is not easily destroyed by heat, cold, disinfectants or prolonged drying. Examples of bacteria which are capable of doing this are those which cause lockjaw (tetanus) and wool-sorters' disease (anthrax). These spores (like packets of sweet-pea seeds!) may live a long time until they find a favourable place to grow and develop into full-sized germs. Then, by the process of multiplication already described, it is not long before there is a huge new family of microbes.
Examples of germs which can swim in water or other liquids are those which cause typhoid fever and cholera, though there are many others.
Some bacteria are introduced into the body by means of insect bites. Plague, for instance, is caused by the bites of fleas which have previously sucked blood from a plague-infested rat. Fortunately there is little plague in this country, as we keep our rat population as small as possible!
A f ew of the more common germs are illustrated b elow:
Staphylococci ;; .. ': .. Common on the skin. II' ••. lVlay cause boils, car-
buncles, etc .
Streptococci
May occur in nose or throat or skin diseases and cause scarlet fever, erysipelas, septic wounds and other diseases.
Tetanus bacilli
The germ of lockjaw. It will not grow and multiply in the presence of air. Only when it is in the body, shut off from the air, is it likely to cause disease. Note the spores at one end of some of the microbes, making them resemble drum-sticks.
Typhoid bacilli
The cause of enteric fever. Note the little hairs which move very fast <l:nd. enable the germ ....-to sWlm 10 water. H\,\,-
Diphtheria bacilli
The germs which cause diphtheria. They cannot swim, having no hairs, but can be communicated to other people by coughing , etc.
The Pneumococcus
This germ lives in pairs and is the cause of pneumonia. It has a kind of overcoat or capsule, which entirely surrounds the two little cocci.
(NoTE.-AlI microbes illustrated are shown one thousand times their natural size) \Vell, now that we know the nature of the things we are dealing with, we shall perhaps be more careful, but less afraid, of these germs. Knowledge is power, and it is within our capability to avoid introducing microbes into wounds in most cases.
1£ any of our patients sustain injuries in which the skin is broken, and where there is likely to have been manure lying about (as in the street, farmyard, or some gardens), it is well to mention the fact to the doctor or hospital. The patient will then be given an injection of anti-tetanus serum which will ensure that not even the dangerous spores of the germ will be able to cause lockjaw. Accidents in streets where horse-carts ply, and like places, are especially dangerous because the bacillus of lockjaw is so often found in the manure
So look out, Germs! Here we come, with our scrubbed hands, our sterile dressings with a clean cloth on which to lay them out, with our kettle of previously boiled and cooled water (usually found in most houses on the gas-stove, even if only half full i), with our antiseptic, and our closed lips. We are ready to tackle our job with confidence despite you alII 1£ those little microbes had faces, can't you just picture the expression of impotent fury which they would display? vVell, let us keep them grumpy. Of course if germs have been introduced deeply into a wound before we arrive on the scene, we can't help that. vVe are only first-aiders, and must leave the doctors to deal with that situation, giving them any helpful information that we can. Our job is to prevent avoidable infection of wounds.
DEPUTY CHIEF COMMISSIONER, BRIGADE AT-HOME
Approval has been given for the appointment of Lieutenant-General Sir Henry Pownall, KC.B., KB.E., D.S.O., M.C., as Deputy Chief Commissioner, Brigade At- Home.
Sir Henry has had a long and varied career in the Army, serving with the R.F.A. and RH.A. in England and India from 1906 to 1914, France 1914 to 1919 (where he gained the D S.O. and M.C.), operations in N.W . F ., India, 1930 to 1931 (Bar to the D.S .O.). He was Brigade Major, School of Artillery, 1924-1925, G.S.O.ll Staff College, Camberley, 1926 to 1929, Military Assistant Secretary, Committee of Imperial Defence, 1933 to 1935, Deputy Secretary 1936, Commandant School of Artillery, Larkhill, 1936 to 1938.
During the last war General Pownall held the following appointments: Chief of General Staff, B.E . F., 1939-1940; Inspector-General, Home Guard, 1940; General Officer Commanding Northern Ireland, 1940-1941; Vice-Chief Imperial General Staff, 1941; Chief General Staff, S.W. Pacific, 1942; General Officer Commanding Ceylon, 1942 ; General Officer Commanding-in-Chief, Persia and Iraq, 1943; Chief of Staff, South-East Asia Command, 1944-1945.
He was awarded the C.B. in 1936, appointed KB E in 1940 and received the KC B. in 1945.
RESIG NATION OF MRS. BECKWITH-SMITH, O.B.E.
Owing to pr essur e of personal affairs
Mrs. Beckwith-Smith, O.B E., has had to reluctantly resign from the office of Assistant Superintendent-in-Chief, Nursing Corps and Divisions, Brigade At-Home. In 1939 Mrs. Beckwith-Smith was appointed County Superintendent, County of Oxford, and became Assistant Superintendent-in-Chief in 1942. For assistance rendered at an aeroplane crash she was awarded the Bronze Life Saving Medal of the Order in 1943. In the Birthday Honours of 1945 she received the well-earned O.B.E.
Mrs. Beckwith-Smith will eVer be remembered by the Brigade for her good work in conn ection with the Residential Training Courses held at her home in Stratton Audley. Officers of the Brigade At-Home and Overseas spent many pleasant and instructive days at Stratton Audley Manor; and those who were privileged to take part in such courses were loud in their praises for the excellent arrangements and the true St. John welcome extended to them.
100
PROPOSED REVISION OF FIRST-AID TEXTBOOK
The Supplement to the First Aid Textbook recently published was designed to bridge the gap between the end of the war and the production of a new edition of the Textbook, and this is made clear in the Preface to the Supplement
The present edition of the Textbook, the 39th, as amended and modified by the Supplement , will remain current until at least January 1, 1949, after which date a new and revised edition of the Textbook will, it is hoped, be brought into circulation.
Any constructive suggestio ns for the revision of the Textb ook should be sent as soon as possible, and in any case not later than September 1, 1946 , to the Chairman of the Textbook Revision Committee, St. John's Gate , London, E C l. All such suggestions will be carefully considered by th e Re v ision Committee, but the Chairman will n ot find it possible to enter into corresp ondence with the senders.
NEW RECRUITING POSTER
A new poster, sple ndidly printed in colours, has just b ee n iss u e d by the Stores Department, and is obtainable in two sizes: 20 in. by 30 in. long , and 14! in. by 19 in. long. The drawin g illustrates a young child knock e d d o wn by a motorcar with the words "Woulct you know what to do? " and exhortin g th e r e ader to "Learn First Aid- Take a St. John Certificate." There is ro om at the foot of each poster to add the nam e and address of the officer-in-charg e of the l oc al divis ion or place at which clas ses are h e ld. Prices for the posters are: Small size , 8s p e r dozen; large size, 14s. per d o zen; postage extra, with special terms for large quantities. All orders s hould be addressed to the Stores Department, St. John's Gate, London, E C.1.
HONOURS
The Chief Commissioner , Brigade AtHome, has pleasure t o report the following Honours:
O.B.E.-Dr. John Neill (Divisional Surgeon, West Mersea Nursing Division) for outstanding w ork with the RA M.C.
Mentioned in Dispatches.-Ambulance
R E. Humphries (Crewe" A " DIVlslOn) for devotion to duty.
Certificate of Merit.-V. A D. Taylor, M. (Bury Nursing Division) for good service in the Western Command.
Wllat a b,.ide was told about lIe,. husband
"IF HE is a little irritable in the mornings," his mother had said, .. don't take any notice. It's just that often after a ha.;d ?ay,. his digestion is too tired to cope with supper. As you .kno,;, one s digestIOn to be resting at night , not working. I should gIve him a cup of Benger s at supper
0 :::- last thin g . Benger's helps you to digest your food, soothes you and sends you to bed with all the nourishment of a satisfYiI!g meal. .sleep well wake up fresh and fit try it! Benger s has a deliCIOUS flavour.
Why BeRger's Food is so good for you
People don't realise that milk is tough work for the digestion last thing at night. Active enzymes in Benger's Food break up these curds, partially pre-digest the milk so that you absorb the full nutriment of the milk without strain. Benger's, today, is as easy to make as a cup of cocoa. At chemists and grocers, from 1 9 a tin.
BENGER'S LTD., HOLMES CHAPEL, CHESHIRE
Milk and Tinned Evaporated Milk hoth make delicious Benger's. Try it 1
Wright's is the 'rule' for the Toilet and Nursery because
Wright's Coal Tar Soap contains the acti ye princ iple Liquor Car bo nis D etergens. This uniqu e phen o lic ex tract is compounded fr om the 2 ntiseptic and antipruritic sub stan ce:; known t o be in Coal Tar. In the 80 years since it s
1lQlt Jobn 1Jjrigabe
NO.1 (PRINCE OF WALES'S ) DISTRICT
Mrs. M. Woolrych Perowne has been appointed County Vice-president of the Brigade in Middlesex.
The Annual F lag Day will be held in the Metr opolitan Police Area on June 4.
Hammersmith .-The annual inspection was held at the Rivercourt Methodist Church, where District Officer Stratton complimented the members on their smartness and progress during the previous year. Amb. Officer A P lumbley enrolled the Rev. E. J. Bolam as Divisional President, and asked for two minutes' silence to the memory of the late Corpl. C. Sparrow. The President conducted a prayer for the widow and children.
Lew isham.-The first Divisional competition since 1939 of the Lewisham Nursing Division was held on March 6, when Capt. Holland the wo!k of four teams in the" Drill Cup" competitIOn. ThIs was the first occasion for many of the competitors of competition work, but all excellent Supt. Miss Pearce, who orgarused the competltlon, congratulated all competitors and thanked all members for their support in her efforts to regain the great desire for efficiency and team-work.
Edmon t on.-The Building Fund of the Edmonton Divisions greatly profited by a concert given by pupils of the Chamberlain School of Dancing, on March 21, at the Edmonton Town Hall. A well-packed hall enjoyed the dancing and turns of the children and the teachers are to be congratulated on their splendid effort Those present included the Mayor (Alderman Reid, who is also Divisional President) and the Mayoress, Supts. Richards and Miss Parish and other officers.
Acton. -At a dance held at the Town Hall, and arranged by the Social Club of the Acton Division, Alderman Welch, the Division's new President, was among those present.
LANCASHIRE DISTRICT
Blackpool.-The 50th annual meeting of the Blackpool Nursing Division was held at Ambulance Headquarters, Supt. Miss E. Wolstencroft (" A " Division) presiding, supported by Supt. Miss H. Braithwaite (" B " Division) and other officers.
During 1945 s'ome 4,000 attendances had been made by members on Brigade duty, including F.A. Stations, theatres, hospitals, Convalescent Hospital, American Red Cross and J.W.O. act ivities, sports meetings, Medical Comfort Depot and other activities. Thirty journeys had been made with Service T.B. patients to various parts of th e country. Cases treated numbered over 1,700, of which number 1,141 were treated at the F.A. Stations on the Promenade during the summer months. The Medical Comforts Depot :ontinued its useful work, 492 articles being loaned during the year.
Cadet Supt. Miss C. Banks reported on the activities of the Cadets, who had added Fire-fighting to their certificates
A special tribute was paid to Miss Irene Guy, Secretary, Nursing Divisions, National Savings Group, on her achievement ill collecting £6,307 du: ing the year. Of this amount £3,725 was the result of a special effort in "Thanksgiving Week."
Amb. Officer Miss B. Hall voiced the appreciation of the members to the lecturers: Doctors Marjorie M. Wilson, Allen Iredale and H. E. Martin, and Nursing Officers Mrs. Fielding and Miss Belton, for their continued willing service.
On the 50th anniversary of the registration of the Blackpool Nursing a very jolly and successful party was held, to which many past members were invited. A large cake was enjoyed by some 160 guests. The 50 candles were lighted by the two Superintendents, and the cake cut by the President and former Superintendent, Mrs. F Kelsall. Sprays of chrysanthemums were presented to the President, t he two Superintendents and Dr. Marjorie M. Wilson Southport. -During a social evening held on Ma rch 18 a presentation was made to Miss Gertrude McConnan on the occasion of h er retirement as Superintendent of "A" Division. This took the form of a gold
wristlet watch and a pair of lambskin gloves. Corps Supt. Gertrude S. Brown referred to the work carried out by Miss McConnan and thanked her for her to the Brigade. Corps Surgeon R. R. M. Porter, 10 making the presentation, testified to the energy and enthusiasm of Miss McConnan during nearly 30 years' service.
Miss McConnan, in accepting the gifts, paid tribute to the support received from her 1iss In 1939 Miss l\IcConnan was adrrutted a Servmg Sister of the Order and 10 years predously had been awarded the Service Medal.
Bla ck burn .-A Reunion and \\'elcome Home to members of the Blackburn Corps was held in the Ambulance Hall. Eighty members from the Corps have been away, but a good percentage have now returned. Corps Supts. R. H. Harrison and Miss E. Ord greeted the members, anel some 210 persons sat dO'ivn to a supper. After Chief Constable C. G. Looms had given the Loyal toast, the Co=issioner (given by President W. D. Rilzerua) and District Supt. Mrs. E. A. Tweedale (given by Corps Supt. I'vliss Ord) were duly honoured. Corps Surgeon D. E. Aspin proposed the Assistant CommissIOners anel Presidents, to which Vice-president \V. Marsden replied. Mr. J. W. Briggs gave the Visitors, the response being made by Mr. J. E. Smethurst. The last toast was" To all members of the Blackburn Corps who have served in H.M. Forces." This was gi\'en by Corps Supt. Harrison and replied to by Sergeant H. Ark\\Tight. Dancing, games, etc., followed.
NORTHERN IRELAND DISTRICT
Belfast.-l\Iembers of the South Belfast (Wiudsor) Division were entertained to dinner all by President Wm. Dowling aIJd Vice-presIdent Alderman Thomas Henderson, M.P., in honour of their winning three trophies. in first aid competitions. These were the Lord Mayor's Cup, the Commissioner's Cup and the President's Cup. The second-named trophy \\ as for individual work and awarded to Pte. Fr:mk
Owing to indisposition of 1fr. Dowling, AlcJenu:m Henderson presided and paid trilmte to the voluntary work of the Brigade, for which the ci tizens \\'('rc deeply appreciative. Windsor Division had set all example and he hoped they woule! continue their good work.
Dr. S Barron (Belfast Medical Supt. Ottic-er of Health) said it was a credit to win three cups; and thought that as well as dealing with first aid the Brigade should devote attention to public health.
District Officer '-iV. Wilton, Di\,. Surgeon R. F. McKeown and Supt. James \Vilson also spoke.
Since the formation of the Division in August, 103!l, nearly 500 cases have received attention; and the members have an excellent record in the District competitions.
COUNTY OF BERKSHIRE
The result of the examination taken at the conclusion of the course given by the Casualties Union ill January was 7 members gained the Instructor's Certificate, 8 members gained the Member's Certificate (having fajled in one subject), and 6 qualified for membership only.
Readiog -Supt. A. M. Pope presided at the annual meeting of the Southern Ambulance Division. Secretary A. G. Downing reported on the activities during the past year, which included a course of lectures OIl Home Nursing by Nursing Officer Mrs. V. M. Crofts. Appreciation was. expressed to the Secretary for the work he had put 10. Future activities include a proposed visit to the Royal College of Surgeons and a Welcome Home Party for those members who have returned from H.M. Forces.
On March 11 the Chief Constable of Reading (Mr. S. Lawrence) presented awards to members of the Reading Town" A" Division. Before the presentations Supt. W J. Field said that the Division was formed during the African War, and that many members had served 10 the two Great Wars. Giving particulars of past he said that during 1945 had carrIed out 1,002 duties. County ComrrusslOner C. A. Poole, who was accompanied by
PRAC!ICAL experience both in in great rehef the need for a true phySIOlogIcal tomc. This IS mterpreted in day-to-day practice as the necessity for a liqui d food which comp l etely meets every metabolic need, is readily accepted by the p atient and is immediately assimila ted.
, Ovaltine ' is a delicious f ood beverage which meets this necessity in a highly satisfactory manner, both as an emergency measure a nd as a regu lar routine. The nutritive and energising constituents of' Ovaltine ' are rapidly assimilated, providing every dietary essential and, at the same time, allaying nervous tension in a most helpful manner.
, Ovaltine ' is a natural food tonic prepared from milk, eggs and malt extract Supplies are available to hospitals in special packings and at sp eci al prices . For furthe r particulars write to-
A. Wander, Ltd., 5 and 7 , Albert Hall Mansions, L
DEODORISIITION
The importance of scrupulous cleanliness where dentures are concerned cannot be over-estimated. Good health and personal appearance are both implicated, while neglect of regular and thorough cleansing usually results in the dental plate becoming offensive.
The use of Kolynos Denture Powder in conjunction with a stiff brush quickly cleans and deodorises the denture.
Free from injurious chemical action on acrylic and other materials, it can be confidently recommended for all denture bases.
Mrs. Poole, congratulated the Division their length of service and on the good work carned out. The Clllef Constable said that the help he had received fr?m the Brigade in the past would be used on every occasIOn possible in the future.
COUNTY OF CORNWALL
Redruth.-Th e inter-divisional competitions of the Redruth and District Corps was held on March 16, when three Ambulance and two Nursing teams competed. The Ambulance Trophy (give? by the Division) was won by Cammenellis and Division and the Nursing Trophy (given by Mr. Kermck) by the Redruth Division. The judges were Asst. Commissioners W. W. Johnston and W. G. Mooney. County Supt. Miss Grylls, County Officer Mrs. Oakley and Supts. Eddy and Austin.
The competitions were organised by the Committee with a view of training all members Wlthlll the Corps in competition work
COUNTY OF DORSET
An informal meeting of Nursing Corps Superintendents, Corps Divisional. and Cadet Superintendents and DIVISIonal Secretanes was held on March 9 at Dorchester. The recently appomted County Co=issioner, Dr. C. M. Forbes, was Chairman, and spoke on the newly-formed Dorset St. Council. County Supt. Mrs. M. C. Cooper gave a bnef account of the County Staff during the year. Each Divisional and Cadet Superintendent reported on the activities of her Division during 1945; tills being followed by a talk on Brigade Forms by Offi cer Miss Long. As Weymouth Student DIVIslon w as the first to be formed in the County, Student Supt. Mrs. Day gave a talk on her Division which proved very helpful, as are contem plating starting sImilar DIVISIOns. Poole. -Corps Surgeon R. J. Maule Horne presided at the annual meeting of the Poole Corps, when it was reported that Hamworthy Division had been added !o the Corps during the p as t year. Further membership had also been gained by the Cadets. The ambulance run by the Ambulance and Nursing Corps had travelled 13 578 miles during 1945, and a joint Medical Comforts ha d been opened. Duties carried ou t numbered 1,lJO, cases treated 252, and there were ' still 49 members in H.M. Forces. The need for new headquarters was stressed. Thanks were accorded Councillor J. Bright fo r his interest, whi1st the DeputyMayoress (Mrs. Bright) an d Corps Chaplain the Rev. W. Dickinson thanked the Chairman.
COUNTY OF LINCOLN
Gainsborough.-The Gainsborough Di visions have gained possession of the Old Temperance Hall, which has for many years been used as a military establishment, in Spital Terrace, and thus for the first time in its 40 years the Brigade in the town gets a settled home. The Divisions, under Supts. R. P. White and Mrs. E D. Robinson and Cadet Supt. W. Fox, started a fund in Hl40 when Miss Fanny Craven, an admirer of the Brigade, left a sum of money in her will. Gairung occupation a few months ago the members, under Amb. Officer B C. Wilsea, started to renovate the building and restore it to a state of comfort. Now the huilding can be used for meetings and stage shows, more especially as the town is without a town hall In addition to the main hall there are rooms either side, and the stage itself is equipped with dressing rooms and store places. The gallery is now being used for a Cadet recreation and training room, a servery, and there is anothe r large room for a lectu re hall. The building will be known as the" Fanny Craven Memorial H all," and will be officially opened on June 16 by the Chief Commissioner.
The Divi sions have just come into po:;session of a 23-h.p_ ambulance, and it is hoped that a 24-hour service will be available to the town.
COUNTY OF NORFOLK
AyIsham.-The annual meeting of the Ayisham Divisi onWas held in the newly acquired headcrrarters, Div. Surgeon A. G. Holman presiding:' He welcomed members who ha,d returned from Forces. Many
items were discussed and plans were made for a St. John Ambulance Week to be held in the near future.
Cromer. - The annual report of the Cromer Division announces that President the Dowager Lady Suffield has resigned owing to ill -health, and tbat Mr. R. L. Randall who bas been Secretary of the Division since 1901 also retired owing to advanced age The two ;mbulances conveyed 684 patients and travelled 10,306 miles.
Norwlch. -Over 300 members of Norwich and District Nursing Divisions held a reunion on March 8. Those present included the Lord Mayor and Lady Mayoress, Commissioner Sir Cook, County President Lady Cook, Asst. ComrrusslOner Dr. W. E. Rutledge, County Supt. Dr. May. Rutledge, County Organiser Lt.-Col. J. E. M. SLunner, and County Secretary Mrs. J. H. Vullo The Lord Mayor (Mr. S. A. Bailey) thanked the of the citizens of Norwich for thelI war serVIce, whIlst Lady Cook stressed need for the senior memhers to influence the rising generation into joining the Brigade and to carry on its traditions. Sir Thomas Cook dealt with matters of admirustration, and Dr. May Rutledge gave facts and figures indicating the wonderful record of St. John nursing personnel during the past six years.
Service Awards.- The following members of the Norfolk County have been awarded the Service Medal of the Order: D. V. Blyth (Sheringham), A. E. Brown (Sheringham), G. Dixon (Knapton), C. Fuller (Norwich), F. H. B. :Kemp (Norwich). and A. J. Snelling (Norwich).
PLYMOUTH, S.W. DEVON AND E. CORNWALL
County Surgeon.-C R. Croft, M.D., B.Ch., M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., has been appointed County Surgeon.
Plymouth.-At a recent meeting of the Millbay Railway Division warrants of appointment were presented to President J- S. P. Pearson (District Traffic Manager, G.W.R.) and Vice -President R. C. Hunter Russell. Among those present were two members who have return ed from H.M_ Forces, Div. Surgeon R. Howarth and Pte. Pickard.
COUNTY OF STAFFORD
At the South Staffordshire Area Final Competitions
Dr. Daniel McColl, who had been Assistant Commissioner of the Area for 25 years, was presen ted wi th a personal gift and a sllleld, for which all Divisions of the Area subscribed, as a token of their affectIOn and appreciation of his leadership for so many years.
Assist. Commissioner Dr. F. L. Richard, who made the presentation, eulogised the work of Dr. McColl. When he took over the Area there were only four Divisions; now there were over 100. Dr. McColl said it was his great pleasure to hand the trophy back to the Area for annual competition among the Ambulance Divisions. He took the opporturuty of thanking all ranks for the ready support they had given during his term of office and hoped that they would continue with the good work.
The initial holders of the new trophy are Josepb Sankey and Sons, Bilston, who gained first place in the competitions, with Tividale as runners-up. The judges were Corps Surgeon G. M. Torrence, Div. Surgeons T. W. Kemp and G. Moore. Those present included County Vice-President the Countess of Dartmouth and County Cadet Officer Lady Diana Hamilton Russel.
Wolverhampton.-The Goodyear Tyre and Rubber Co. Didsion are starting a medical scheme to help Goodyear workers look after their farrulies when they become ill. All that will be necessary will be for the worker to ask the factory hospital to send a Brigade member to his home, and the necessary medical assistance will be given. Under the scheme the hospital will also loan Goodyear workers such medical requisites as are required. The Brigade personnel used in this scheme will be men who, since" D " Day, have tended wounded servicemen at the Royal Wolverhampton Hospital, and are now engaged in the Civilian Ambulance Service of the hospitaL The scheme is supported by the management and the shop stewards, and is under the personal supervision of the factory nurses. It is not involved with the district nursing scheme.
IF YOU SUFFER FROM COLDS
. . . here is a suggestion
'fake two Serocalcin tablets daily, tor thirty consecutive days If your general lev el of hea lth is reasonably good yo u can then look to three to four months immunity from colds.
DUrlng the padt len year", S erocakin has shown s uccessful results in cases. It is widely used by doctors , in industrial organisations, schools and hospitals for preventing and treating colds.
A 30-day course of Serocalcin must necessarily be an experiment; but it is an experiment that is usually successful because most people "respond" to Serocalcin, which is thought to act by stimulating the natural resistive capacity of the body against invading organisms that cause colds.
Seroc alcin is not a "dru g" It can be t aken by adults and children with perfect safety. Your Doctor or Che mist will tell you more about-
SEROCALCIN
for the prevention and treatment of the common cold
* All who suffer tram the common cold are invited to send tor booklet" Immunity trom Colds." Serocalcin is made by Harwoods Laboratories Ltd., Watford. A 60·tablel pack ot Serocalcin, tor the immunization course, costs 8/5t. A 2o-tablet pack, to treat existing colds, costs 3/4t. Both prices include Tax.
SKLEN
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A solution for dissolving the adhesive of plastic bandages, enabling easy removal of the plaster and subsequent cleansIng of the adhesive remaining on the skin. Also Invaluable for cleanSing the skin prior to applying the bandage.
Further Information, sample and prices upon request
COUNTY OF SUFFOLK
Felixst owe -President Mrs Dawson presided at the annual meeting of the Felixstowe Nursing Division Di v. Surgeon P L. Giuseppi referred to the happy band of members at Kirton, who were attached to the Division, and expressed the hope that there would soon b e a Cadet Division there. Supt. Mrs. P M. Goffin reviewed the past year's work and thanked the members for their loyal support. Sbe expressed appreciation of tbe belp and assistance given by tbe President and Vice- P resident and the instruction given by Dr. Giuseppi, Miss Creber (Matron of the Bartlet Convalescent Home) and Nurse Prentice (Cadet Nursing Officer). Regret was expressed at tbe accident whicb had befallen Div. Secretary Mrs. Barrett, and Miss H. C. Porter thanked for so willingly undertaking tbe work. Reports were also given by Miss H. C. Porter, Div. Treasurer Mrs. Scarle, Storekeeper Mrs Redwood, and Mrs. Puliee (Secretary of the Entertainments Committee) Cadet Officer Miss Alderton reported on tbe activities of tbe Cadets, in the absence of Cadet Supt. Mrs. Smith.
St. Aug ustine s Nursing Division. - A dinner, soci al and d ance was beld on Marcb 2, wben Supt. Mrs. E. S. M. Catton presided and welcomed the guests. She boped tbe event would become an annual one, and sbe took the opportunity of thanking all members for their loyal services. l\1r. A. Glenn responded on bebalf of the visitors and paid tribute to the devoted and selfsacrificing services rendered by tbe Division. During tbe evening Mrs. Fryer (Nursing Officer) presented warrants of appointment to four bonorary members and divisional awards. Amb. Officer Mrs. D M Barrell presented Mrs Catton witb a gift from tbe Division in recognition of her devotion to duty and inspiring leadership. At the same time a christening present was presented by the Division to Secretary Mrs. Wrigbt.
COUNTY OF SURREY
Haslemere Nursing Divisi on -Members of this Division serve as attendants for the Urban District Council Ambulance. A short while ago Amb. Sister Bedford was on duty and tbe ambulance was called to take a maternity case to hospital. Upon arrival at the cottage l\Iliss Bedford realised the mother was too advanced in labour to be moved. She at once sent for the district nurse, but before her arrival the b a by was born. It was a breecb presentation and everything was done to tbe nurse's satisfaction. Later tbe motber and child were taken to hospital, where tbe sister-incharge congratulated l\I1iss Bedford on ber work.
COUNTY OF SUSSEX
Cra wley a nd Thre e Bridges Division.-A s upper and social was held on March 15, wben Supt Oliver presided, supported by Div. Surgeon and President S. P. Matthews, Dr. and Mrs. Knight, Dr. Nankivell, Dr. Laughlin and the Rev. and Mrs. Stacey He explained tbat the social gathering marked tbe end of the Division's six years of war service. During that trying time their knowledge and experience bad been passed on to otber organisations. Dr. Nankivell stated tbat altbough he bad been away for some time he bad beard from many sources of tbe excellent work done by the.members. Dr. Knight in response to the to.ast subrrutted by Cadet Officer Camblin paid tribute to the work of the Division during the war. D r. Mattbews emphasised the fact t h a t the members deserved a bappy t ime together. A presentation was made to Pte. Tatnall and Mrs. Tatnall on the occasion of tbeir recent marriage.
Horsham .-At the annual meeting of the H orsham Division President Dr. E. C. Bradford appealed to the members to carry on irrespec tive of Government or p olitical creed. Before presenting the annual report Supt G A. vVheatland paid tribute to three members of tbe Division who .had tbeir lives during the war Tbey were Pnvates King, May and Nickolay. Dunng 1945 members bad transported 603 patients and, in addition, 74 accidents had been attended l\I1i!eage covered was 16,881. Since August l ast t b e Bngade bad taken over tbe H ospital Car Service fr om the W.V.S. For the first t ime t he ambulance accoun t had a deficit of £100 due mainly to increase in reparrs and t yres It had been decided not to incr ease charges but to give the p ublic tbe mos t efficient service a t t he cheapest rate.
Cadet Supt Denyer reported on the progress and social activities of the Cadet Division and was congratulated on his work by the President.
COUNTY
OF
WARWICK
Stoke and Ald ermoor.-The first annual post-war Dinner of the Stoke and Aldennoor Division was held on Marcb 22, at wbicb 57 prisoners of war back from tbe Far East were the guests of bonour. President F. J. Warren welcomed them, and he also proposed the toast of the visitors. Mr. C. H. Riley, a relurned P.O.W., spoke on bebalf of tbe prisoners. The entertainment was tbe first to be extended to tb em, and he empbasised to bis fellow P.O.W. tb at this grand gcsture accorded tbem by the Division proved what a great organisation the Brigade was. He himself, before the war, was a member of the Longford Division. Mr. B. B. Winter (Director of Rootes Group), a very keen supporter of the Division, proposed the toast of the Division. After paying tribule to the work done at the factory of Humber, Ltd., during difficult times he pledged his support of his fellow directors in tbe future as in the past.
Supt. G. W. Taylor, responding, said that at Humber, Ltd., over 200 cases had been treated eluring the past year. Tbe Division appreciated tbe support it received from the Directors and Management. Corps Supt. A. H. Bootb presented warrants of appointment to President Warren, Vice-presidents R. G. Leaf, C Wase, and E. P. Powell. Mr. Winter presented the awards , which included divisional tropbies.
COUNT Y OF W OR CESTE R
Corps Supt. T. C. Lench has been appointed Assistant Commissioner of the Nortbern Area. Mr. Lencb joined T. W. Lench's Ambulance Division in 1922, promoted to Ambulance Officer in 1924, and to Corps Superintendent in 1940. In 1938 he received tbe Service Medal of th e Order and in 19-12 was admitted as a Serving Brother of the Order.
The Southern Area Corps eliminating competitions were beld on March 2. Redditch were again successful in the Lewis Cup tests, and Bromsgrove Kursing Division repeated tbeir success of last year and were awarded the Davis Cup. The presentations were made by County Officer Miss E. C. Jeakes. The judges were Dr. Catlin, Corps Surgeon N. C. Burns and Corps Sergt.-Major E. F. Preece for tbe Ambulance Tests, and Corps Surgeon H. M. Savery, Div. Surgeon A. J. Rae and County Officer Miss Jeakes for the Nursing competition. Those present included Asst. Commissioner Dr. C. P. Porter, County Supt Dr. Mrs. Porter, Corps Officer J H. Watkins and other officers.
Dudley.-A meeting of Officers and N.C.O.s of the North Worcestershire and Dudley and District Corps was held on March 17_ County Commissioner Dr. F. L. Newton presided, supported by Asst. Commissioner Dr. A. P. Porter, Asst. Commissioner T. C. Lench, County Officer A. Winbow and County Secretary Miss H. M. W alton. The Chairman extended congratulation to Mr. Lench and announced that Corps Sergt.-Major Preece was to become County Sergt. Major. He also referred to the death of Corps Sergt.Major D. Jones (Dudley and District). The rest of the meeting was taken up with the arrangements for the annual inspection at Madresfield Court, Malvern.
The annual Ball in aid of the funds of the Dudley Division was held at the Town Hall on March 6, when some 400 persons were present.
Police Inspector D. H. Burna has been appointed Acting Superintendent of the Dudley Ambulance Division.
Redditeh.- The first Dinner of the Redditch Division since it was formed 13 years ago, was held on March 18, when Supt. J akeman gave particulars of the Division's activities, and the successes in the competition world, thanks to the help given by Corps and Divisional Surgeons (Drs. Burns and Potts) and Dr. and Mrs. Henderson. Corps Surgeon Burns said that but for one other they were the division in the area, but they were the strongest m strength and had won more cu ps. He stressed the importance of sorial acti vities. Mr. J. H. Taylor (Chairman, Reddi t ch U. D. C.) proposed the toast of the Division and t o the necessity and usefulness of the Bclgade, which was neve r more apparent than at the Bolton football ground when the tragedy occurred the p revious Saturday. The Council much appr eciated the
Charms against Pain
In ancient Gree ce, when a par ticularly effective remedy was discovered for any disease, its f ormul a was engraved on the posts of the Temple of LEsculapius, the god of healing, who, before his deification , had himself practised as a p hysician, abo ut t h e y ear 1250 B.C. H e p r escribed natura l remedies for disease and , in the absence of efficient analgesics, employed soothing charms fo r the r elief of pain and magi c songs to increase their effects.
Our m e di ca l t;c,ence of to -day, with its X-rays and its anaesthetics, would have appeared qnite incredible to those eaI']Y practitioners, whose experunents and progress were large ly on guesswork. To-day progress IS based on knowledge, and one discovery leads to another.
Take' Cogene ' fOl" instance.
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and the fourth a stimulant) are scientfiically combined in tab let form. B ecause each is present in such a small amount there can be no harmful after-effect. ,yet thecon1 bination is so effective that' Co gene ' will reliw.Te the most harassing neIT e pain in a minutes Ask your chemist for it. Supplies are still limited, but he will do his best. to see you get your share. Pri ce 1dtd a tube.
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work of the Brigade; and they were extremely proud of Amb. Driver (Sergeant) Frank Cardy, who had proved such an efficient officer of the local authority, and had won the Christopher Darby Haemorrhage Shield. Div. Surgeon Potts replied and said that the Redditch Division had a very fine record, worthy contributions having been made by Dr. Burns and Supt. Jakeman. He referred to the" debt of gratitude" they owed to Sister Walsh, whose training of the Nursing Division was now to be undertaken by Sister Wilkinson.
Lye.-Div. Sungeon McCarthy presided at the annual meeting of the Lye Nursing Dhrision. It was reported that many duties had been carried out and that the financial statement was strong. Cadet activities included Child Welfare and Hygiene. Supt. Mrs. Price thanks Dr. McCarthy for his able assistance and also Nursing Officer Wall for her help.
Powlck.-The Powick and District Nursing Division held a party on March 5, organised by Supt. Mrs. H. M. Hiscock and Secretary Miss Charles.
WEST RIDING OF YORKSHIRE
Officers of Nursing Divisions attended a meeting held at the City Art Gallery, Leeds, at which District Supt. Mrs. Birkbeck presided. Some 180 Officers were including President Lady Bingley. The subjects covered were numerous, and included Nursing Aid Service, Guide and Hospital Car Service whilst many questions had been forwarded the n;teeting to be dis.cllssed .It was a very successful meeting and much information was given to those attending.
An interesting letter has been received from Miss Lacy, a member of the York City Nursing Division who has been working in Greece. Writing to District Mrs. Birkbeck she that she has been helping WIth Welfare and OccupatIonal Therapy in the Greek T.,B Hospitals. A Medical Officer of the U.N.R.R.A. IDlSSIOn .told her that there were 500,000 known cases of T.B. m Greece. As the patients were very ill-clad Miss Lacy and a Greek lady who was a member of the .B.R.C.S. by reason of her marriage to an English subject, gave them work to do which when finished would be useful for them to wear. Even children were instructed to make slippers for themselves By plaiting lengths of material together a good foundation for the sole was made, as rope was unobtainable and old pieces of khaki made the tops. Nearly 1 000' toys made for Christmas parties, and money gwen to the Greek. Red sweets and waffles were bought. E--;ery child receIved a toy, a waffle, a piece of Year cake, and a piece of good old Bntl:;h Christmas cake, whic? was the gift of Lady Sc,?ble, also Each chIld also received a handkrutted cardigan, the result of the O.T. and having scrounged" around sufficient material obtained to reclothe many of them. Stockings are being made out of old mosqUIto nets, and children are knitting themselves pullovers from wool unravelled from disused army socks.
Shemeld.-The annual meeting of Officers of the Sheffield Corps Nursing Di visions was held on March 21 when Asst. H. C. Else (President of supported by Corps Supt. Mrs. J.
Corps Secretary Mrs. R. Hewitt reported the strength of Corps to be 278 Nursing personnel and 129 Nursmg Ca.dets. Two new Cadet Divisions had been formed durm&, the year and 120 members had qualified for War ServIce Bars.
Corps Officer Miss E. Daniel stated that 7,086 dUties had been performed and that 639 cases had been Cadets had performed 156 of these dutIes. Dunng the 20 years' duties carried out at the Central Ambulance Station 12,986 attendances had been made. Various Hospital Nursi d Convalescent Homes had received 1297 'duties a: n 1945: Other included Blood SefV1ce, HospItal .GUldes, Hospital Supply Depot C.D. and other dutIes. ' of the Mobile V.A.D. had served in France BelgIUm, Germany, Italy, Austria and three had recently gone out to India.
Those present at the meeting included P 'd t Mrs. Else, the Lady. Riverdale, Corps Officers Rycroft, and J. GIbson, and Corps Treasurer M W. A. Browne. rs.
NOTICE.-OWING TO THE FACT THAT THE FIRST ISSUE OF THE ST. JOHN CADET" WILL BE PUBLISHED ON MAY I, ONLY BRIEF REPORTS OF CADET ACTIVITIES ARE GIVEN THIS MONTH.
"St. John Cadet."-As has been announced in Brigade Orders the first issue of the" St. John Cadet" will be published on May 1. This is to be the first of a quarterly issue and Officers-in-Charge of Divisions are asked to order copies direct from their own newsagents. Owing to paper restrictions Divisions are informed that it is not possible, at the present time, to allow more than four copies to be supplied to one Division. County and Area Cadet Officers, not attached to a Division, should forward a subscription of 2s. 6d. to cover cost of four quarterly issues, post free, to British Periodicals, Ltd., 4fi-47, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.2, giving rank and county. Cadet Musicians' Cup.-The presentation of the cup by the donors, Jan Kerrison and Sir Adrian Boult, was held in the Chapter Hall, St. John's Gate. on March 13, when Mary Howell, Newtown (Montgomeryshire) Cadet Nursing Division, received the trophy and individual cup presented bv County Cadet Officer Mrs. Hugh McCorquodale. (Full reports will appear in the" St. John Cadet.")
No.1 District.-On March 9 First Aid Incidents were staged in the Odeen Cinema, Swiss Cottage, by seven Nursing Cadets of the Division. Area Cadet Officer Mrs. Dove addressed the audience and a running commentary was given by Cadet Supt. Miss G. D. Hyman. As a result new recruits were enlisted the following week.
Cheshire.-Members of the DUKINFIELD Cadets and Nursing Division are very proud of the achievements of S.R.N. Mary Lomas. She joined the Cadet Division at the age of ten. In September, l!hU, she became a Student Nurse and in 11J42 entered her probationership in the District Infumary, Ashton-under-Lyne, where she not only gained her S.R.N. but also the Silver Medal for outstanding proficiency, the Surgical Prize and the Matron's prize for the highest standard of attainment in work and conduct among her colleagues. She now holds the position of Staff 1 urse in the same Infirmary. Mary's success should serve as an encouragement to all prospective State Registered Nurses.
Cornwall.-" He has been more than a Superintendent of Cadets; he has been a rcal friend and guide to them, particularly when the fathers of many of these lads have been away on sterner jobs." So spoke VicePresident W. J. Hichens of Cadet Supt. W. G. Lewis at the annual presentation of awards to the PENZANCE Ambulance Cadets. This was the last meeting at which Mr. Lewis would attend as Superintendent and County Surgeon R. H. Hadfield, County Cadet O!'ficer A. V Baker and Supt. T. C. Cooper paid sincere tributes to hIS work. Presentations were made to him by Supt. Cooper, .Cadet Officer Pryor (who is succeeding hIm) and Mr. Hlchens. Supt. Lewis returned thanks and expressed his. gratitude to all who had helped him. Mrs. W. G. LeWIS presented the awards, which was followed by a concert on behalf of the Orthopredic Cot Fund.
D.evonshIre.-On March 20 County Officer Miss WhItehead enrolled 14 Cadets in the NEWTON ABBOT Cadet Nursing Division, after which Supt. Mrs. Neale, formerly Newton Abbot, presented attendance pnzes, mcluding one to Sergt. Nancy Mayne, who had 100 per. cent. over three years. Thirty Child Welfare Certificates were also presented.
Dorset.-An enrolment ceremony was held at All Saints' Church for. o.f the newly-formed WVKE REGIS Cadet Nursing DIVISIon. The service was conducted by the Rector, the Rev. Pratt, and the cereby COll?ty Cadet Officer Mrs. F. M. Best. Followthe tea was served, after which County Ellenborough presented Cadet Supt. Miller WIth her warrant of appointment and Cadets WIth their first aid certificates. County Supt. Mrs. Cooper and County Cadet Officer Mrs. Best welcomcd the Cadets as members of St. John.
Surrey.-On March 3 Ambulance and NUrsing Cadets of the Eastern Area held a combined Church Parade at Horley, where the Rev. Parkes conducted a PqllI2)
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The treatment 0/ burns and wounds
zn general practice *
There are four fundamental requirements which must be met before normal healing can take place :
I. Inflammation in the margins of the lesion must be rapidly resolved.
2. Any contamination must be removed.
3· Any contaminated or stale blood clot must be replaced by a healthy blood clot which is capable of rapid organisation.
4· Practical disinfection and mobilisation of natural defence mechanism. At no time must there be any in.i urious effect on the most delicate tissues.
War-time experiences have shown in the clearest manner that electrolytic sodium hypochlorite (' Milton ') used in a now well-developed ' envelope' technique fulfils all these requirements perfectly.
'Milton' is a stable, powerful but harmless anti-bacterial agent. It has a selective action on dead protenaceous matter and marked hremostatic value. The envelope method of treatment was evolved with these principles in mind. It gives immediate protection, is easy to apply, gives comfort and freedom of movement to the patient, is easy and painless to remove, and completely prevents the risk of secondary infection.
A modified form of envelope irrigation treatment using' Milton' has now been evolved to suit the circumstances of the General Practitioner, fullest particulars of which will be sent on request to professional enquirers.
for Walts
Headq uarters . Pr iory Hous e , 4, Cathedral Roa d, C ardiff
GENERAL INTEREST
CHIEF OFFICER NURSING CADETS, WALES.-The resignation of Baroness de Rutzen, who during her short tenure of office had endeared herself to a wide circle of Cadet Officers, was received with regr et by the Ambulance Committee of the Priory on March 2S, when best wishes were expressed for a speedy return to health.
The Priory has been fort un ate in securing the services of Lady Twiston Davies, J.P., who i s prepa r ed to continue the duties of Lady County Superintendent for Monmouthshire with those of Chief Officer for Nursing Cadets.
tions will be confined to teams in the Cynon Valley Corps, with the exception of an Individual Competition based on the First Aid in Mines textbook, for which a cup has been presented by Powell Duffryn Associated Collieries Co , Ltd.
SURGEONS' CONFERENCE.-Major A. W.
Anderson, M.B., Ch.B., convened a meeting of County Surgeons, which took place at the Park Hotel, Cardiff, on March 14.
The object of the gathering was to discuss medical matters affecting the Brigade after six years of war effort, with a view to stimulating interest and encouraging surgeons to take up office. On the question of competitions, it was dedded to compile at Headquarters a panel of judges in Home Nursing on which Commissioners could draw when organising competitions for female teams. It was emphasised that only those farriliar with the appropriate should be invited to adjudicate. Another point of general interest was the need for reminding Divisional Officers to include the Surgeon when issuing notices of Divisional Meetings.
CENTRE REPO RTS
FORTHCOMING COMPETITIONS AT EISTEDDFoD.-Ambulance competitions figure prominently in the programme of events for the National Eisteddfod of Wales to be held at Mountain Ash on A u gust 5 to 10, 1946 Once again and for the fi r st time since pre-war days all the trophies presented for ambulance competition at this national gathering will be competed for, in addition to local contests for the Cynon ValJey Corps teams. The competition officials are the Hon. J. H. Bruce, J.P., D.L. (Principal Secretary and Commissioner for Wales), who, in accordance Carmar th en s hire.--Congratulations go out to Corporal W. Desmond Oag, R.A.F., a member of the with precedent, holds the office of Hono- Llanelly Town Division, who has been presented rary Director of Ambulance for the Eistedd- with the Certificate of Merit for devotion to duties f d d W M b Ab h E th in the Middle East. From the age of 14 years, o ,an . a on ra am, sq., e Corporal Oag has been a member of the Brigade, having Brigade Secretary, who acts as Steward- transferred to the Senior Division in 1038; and it is in-Charge, whi le the Chairman of the very gratifying that he has merited distinction in his Ambulance Committee is G S. Morgan, work as a Medical and Nursing Orderly. Glam orga n -A meeting of representatives of Esq., M.E., with Dr. Gwilym Pierce, the Divisions in the Caerphilly County Area, of which Commissioner for Aberdare, as Vice- Capt. S. B. Turner is Assistant Commissioner, was held Chairman. The Joint Honorary Secre- at Ystrad Mynach on March 17, when the Hon. J. H. Bruce, Commissioner for Wales, and Mrs. A. W. taries are Mr Gomer L. Davies a n d Mr. Anderson, J.P Lady County Superintendent for D. R. Williams. Full details and e ntry G lamorgan, were present. Arrangements were made forms for the various events are obtain- for promoting Cadet development, a committee being formed to deal with Cadet matters. Every effort is able from the J oint Secretaries, 12 5 , b eing made to arrange holiday camps for cadets in Brynmair Road, Godreaman, Aber dare, the Area and it is proposed to organise a Field Day Glam. and competitions. A committee was set up to deal O M with t he organisation of male and female competitions n onday, August 5 , there will b e with a view to the resumption this year of the County competitions for the Trevet hi n and Area competitions. Silurian Shie l ds for teams of five men and Borough of Merthyr TydlU.-At the annual meeting of t he Merthyr Centre, Commissioner Capt. W. J. four women respectively, resident i n Canton , presiding, reported that the strength of the Wales or Monmouthshire. The p r ogramme B rigade in the borough had fallen from 1,047 to 895 for Tuesday includes contests fo r teams last year owing to the secession of many members who had joined for service in the ambulance section of the of boys and girls resident in Wales a n d Civil D efence during the war. The loss had been Monmouthshire for the Isca and Gwe nt largel y made good by the formation of three police Shields respectively, while junior teams, comprising .89 members of the Borough 17 Police ; and the appomtment of the Chief Constable, up to years of age, who a.re fluent i n Mr. Melbourne Thomas, had been warmly received. We lsh can compete in two comp etitions T he Centr e was honoured last year by an inspection to be conducted entirel y i n the Welsh b y the Sub-Prior Wales, Lord Cope, who had I Th the Bngade on efficiency and war-time anguage. e open competitio ns f o r servIce and h ad grea tly appreciated the reception senior teams for the L ady Lewis an d Lady accorded to him by the Mayor. The Medical Comforts
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s tocks which had become depleted during the war.
Captain Canton said the Brigade had su staine d a serious loss by the death of Mr Tom Andrews, J .P., who was their Centre chairman and had been an enthusiastic supporter of the Brigade for many years.
Referring to the loyal service of over 700 of thei r members during the war in the first aid section of t he Ci vi! Defence, t he Commissioner said that in addition to First Aid and Home Nursing they should give special attention now to Firs t Aid in Mines as the treatment and practice had been improved. There were several other ways in which the Brigade could extend its operations, viz. the establishment of a Motor Ambulance Service which was badly needed, escort duties for service hospital patients, assistance to hospital libraries and nursing duties in the evenings or at weekends during the severe shortage of nurses, and parttime assistance at homes and hostels for disabled service men and sick civilians. During the winte r they had set up rotas nurses to assist the medical profession in the event of an epidemic, but fortunately there had been no serious outbreak. Mr. D. W. Jones, J .P ., was elected Hon. Secretary and Treasurer, and Messrs. Evan Jenkins (Treharris) and David Jones, M.E , were elected members of the Centre Committee
The Commissioner announced that Sir Leonard Twiston Davies (Assistant Commissioner for Wales) would in spect the Brigade at Merthyr Vale on Saturday, J uly 6 , at 5.30 p.m. The Centre were glad to know that they would be represented by Treharris Nursing Division and also by an ambulance team at the We lsh Brigade Final Competitions to be held in Cardiff. T he Merthyr Division were congratulated on the acquisition of a central headquarters at the rear of Zoar Chapel, with the aid of a gran t from the Miners' Welfare Commission.
Ci ty of Card11J.-NearJy 100 officers and members of the Brigade in Cardiff spent an enjoyable evening at the Centre dinner held at Counaught Rooms, Cardiff
The loyal toast and that of the Priory for Wales was proposed by Capt. Cennydd Traheme, Commissioner for Cardiff, who presided, to which the Hon. J. H Bruce responded. Capt. T. E. Richards, the exCommissioner for the Rhondda, proposed the Cardiff Centre, Sqd./Ldr. Dr. Edgar Llewellyn, County Surgeon, responding. "Our Guests" was proposed by the Assistant Commissioner, Capt. F. P. Robathan, M.C., and responded to by the Lord Mayor of Cardiff, Alderman W. R. Wills. Mr. Bernard Brown, Honorary Centre Secretary, proposed a vote of thanks County Officer A. H. G. Field, the M.C., arranged a musical programme and was jointly responsible with Lady County Supt. Miss G Richards for the organisation of a successful evening.
Miss M. Metcalf, R.R.C., a Reserve County Officer of Cardiff has written an interesting account of he r war service as Voluntary Librarian at the Royal Naval Sick Quarters, Cardiff, which has recently closed down. A very cordial reception was given to Miss Metcalf when she visited the Quarters to arrange time of duty, cupboard space, etc., being readily placed at her disposal by the Surgeon-in-Charge There were 40 beds, including one ward for W.R.N.S., and a library of 300 well·selected books was set up, a book trolley being supplied by the War Organisation Hospital Library Many of the favourite well- used books were rebound at the Book Depot run by Mrs Philip Rees, which enabled many busy Voluntary Lib rarians t o keep b ooks in good repair Most reade rs favoured " Thrillers" and " Westerns," but books of reference on most subjects were available ; and an officer w ho h ad shown great apprecia tion of the library facilit ies p resented a fine edition of the B ible, which took i ts p lace on the book trolley and was asked for from time to time. Miss Metcalf was particularly p leased with a designation placed upon her by a nava l officer of h igh rank wh o visited the Quarters while she was on d uty and a d dressed h er as the " Keeper of the Book s. "
CADET NEWS (contin ued fr om page 1 08 ) special service in the Methodist Chapel. T he parade was headed by the Dorking Ambulance Cade t B ugle B and and some 90 members were presen t in spite of t he h eavy fall of snow during the previous 2 4 hours.
Cad e t R. Holland (N u tfield ) officiate d a t the o rgan and Cadet Corp!. Carpmael (Horley ) read the lesson. Af ter the parade the Horley Ambulance Cade t Division entertained all members
Sussex.-The final County Cadet competi tions wer e held at Brighton on March 23 , w hen the winners of the Area competitions competed. The judges were District Officers Stratton and Hipkins (No.1 District ), who judged the team test, District Officer H aines (No. 1 District), County Cadet Officer Butt (H am pshire) , County Cadet Officer Mrs. and Corps Supt. Mrs. Henry (Surrey) mdl vldllal judges, District Staff Officer 'Yalsby (No 1 District) and County Cadet Officer MISS Botwood (Suffolk) , who adjudicated on uniforms and drill. County Cadet Vice-President Lady Moyra Browne (who is also Staff Officer to the Chief Officer Nursing Cadets) presented the trophies to the following :-Ambulance Cadet Cup, Horsham, runners·up Brighton; Leaders' Cup, Horsham; ursing Cadet Cup, Brighton, runners-up Chichester; Dual Practical Cup, Nos. 1 and 4, Brighton.
W orcestershire.-Officers and members of the NETHERTON Cadet Ambulance Division held a party on March 8. Div. Surgeon Miss Howell presented the Willetts Shield to Cadet S. Ashmore and the runnersup prize to Cadet C. Dunn. The Squad Shield was handed to the leader of No.1 Squad (Cadet Tromans). In addition re-examination awards were presented Nine Cadets competed for the Superintendent's Cup (presented by Cadet Supt. R. R. Hines two years ago) open to members of the DUDLEY Ambulance Cadet Division. The tests consisted of written, oral and practical work, the judge being Corps Officer J. H Watkins. Cadet G. Walling was declared the winner, with Cadet Austin as runner-up. Corps Supt. J. A Harris presented the trophy and congratulated the competitors on their work.
Yorkshire, East Rlding.-On March 16 County Cadet Officer Miss Leppington conducted an enro lment ceremony of the newly-formed Cadet Division at NORTH FERRIBY, at which many members of the Brigade were present. It is hoped to hold a similar function at Gilberdyke very soon and so again increase the numbers of the Humberside Corps.
Yorkshire, West Rldlng.-The Cadets of the HUDDRRSFJELD Ambulance and Nursing Divisions entertained their parents on March I, the event being preceded by an enrolment ceremony carried out by Assistant Commissioner H. Harrison. Councillor D. J. Cartwright presided and spoke highly of the work of the Brigade. A cup for the most efficient Nursing Cadet , presented by County Cadet Officer Mrs. Cummin-Bell, was handed to Cadet E. Hellawell.
North am pt onshire.-The competitions of the Cadet Nursing Divisions of the NORTHAMPTON Corps were held on March 16. The Senior Cup for first aid and aftercare was won by the Spencer team, the judges being Supt. H. Edwards and Sister Blythe Brown. The Cup for Junior First Aid was awarded the College of Technology team, Ambulance Officer H. Cooley being the judge. Bedmal<ing tests were set by Miss Lovell (Matron of the Queen's Institute of District Nursing ), the successful team being St. Edmunds. Corps Officer Miss M. Hull inspected and judged the uniforms County Officer Miss G. Gainsford presented the trophies. Those present included County Supt. Mrs. 1. Jennings and Dr. Emily Shaw. Corps Sup t. Mrs E E Carpenter and Corps Officer Miss W. L P erkins arranged the events.
Berks hi r e.-A joint enrolment ceremony was held by the ne:w.ly-formed ASCOT Heath Scbool Nursing Cadet DIVISIOn and the Ascot Heath Nursing Cadet Division recently, when County Cadet Officer Mrs. A. A. Poole was the officiating officer County Commissioner C. A P?<?le read the prayers, and congratulated the diVISIOns on their registration. He paid a special tribute to Supt. Mrs. Fox for t he grand sh.e. done for the Brigade This was t he third DIVISIOn she had been instrumental in ge tting registered.
On March 18 a First Aid Quiz was held between Ambulance and Nursing Cadets in READING The contest was very keen, and at the end of the official the result was a draw. Four further questions were gIven, but th.e same result was obtained After stlll further questions the Ambulance Cadets of Reading Town "A" Division proved t h e winners b y t hree marks.
Edited by NORMAN HAMMER M.R.C.I., M.Jor , Late R.A.M.C., T.A. "FIRST AID" W
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INTERESTING CASE REPORTS
CASE REpORT o. 2 96.-The O fficer-inCharge of the Isle of Wight S.l.A B. r eports the efficient performance of firs t a i d by members of the Saro (LW.) No.2 Division in the following circumstances, and adds details of the progress of the case:
On October 5, a warm sunny day, a man was picking up chestnuts in Parkhurst Forest, when at about 1.35 p.m. he was bitten by a snake, which was clearl y identified as being a l arge adder . The incident occ u rred near a factory where there is a Division of the Brigade, and within a few minutes he was receiving attention from some of its members.
The bite was on the first finger of the right hand in the region of the first phalangeal joint. A I-inch bandage was applied to the base of the finger as a constriction and the wound sucked. The patient was placed in a recumbent position and encouraged to keep cal m. By this time slight swelling had taken place. A hot solution of potassiu m per m a nganate was applied and bleeding md u ced by gentle squeezing. About 10 minutes after treatment a heavy sweat appeared on the patient's brow, and a dose of sal volatile was given, after which his condition improved.
No doctor being available, the patient was taken by car to hospital, the constriction on the finger having been released and re-applied before the comof the journey. On reaching hospItal the patient appeared quite calm, only compl aining of pain at the seat of When the hospital sister exammed the finger on arrival (about 25 minutes after commencement of treatment), the .swelling had travelled approximately 2 mches upwards. The patient was put to bed with applications of hot potassium permanganate, and later had an injection of 10 c.c.m. "serum antivenimeux " Pasteur de P aris).
The followmg day a l arge blister on the top of the finger and was mCl sed. On October 10 the patien t' s condition was satisfactory, and he was due for discharge the next day. On October 11 , however, he complained of intense irritation of most parts of the body, with swelling of the face and vomiting. He was discharged on October 13
After he complained of "lack of f eeling and sensation" from the sit e of the wound to the top of the finge r. On Novemb er 2 7 this was said t o b e impr oving gradually.
Dr. F. R. B Kennedy for his full and detailed report and cordial congratulations to the members of the Saro (I. TV.) No. 2 Division on their efficient action.-N. C. F.
CASE REpORT No. 297.-The Officer-inCharge of the County of Bristol, S.l.A.B., reports the efficient performance of first aid by a member of the Shirehampton Nursing Division in the following circumstances:
On Friday, December 7, Ambulance Sister Phyllis Wright was on duty at the Whiteladies Cinema, when, at approximately 7 p.m., she was called to a man who had been knocked down by a motor car just outside the cinema. She found the man lying in the road with multiple injuries and his wife in a hysterical condition. Miss 'Wright asked a bystander to take the hysterical woman to the cinema cate and to arrange for her to be given hot strong tea.
To prevent further shock, Miss Wright acq u ired overcoats and covered the man, supporting his badly injured head in a comfortable position whilst awaiting the arrival of the ambulance, which had already been called. She further arranged for someone to take the name and address of all concerned to save time when the ambulance and police arrived. The driver of the ambulance, who arrived on the spot while this was taking place, reported that he found Miss Wright kneeling in the mud on this very stormy night in her indoor uniform with total disregard for her own personal comfort, and giving the patient such assistance as lay in her power. Meanwhile, having handed the injured man over to the ambulance men, Miss Wright returned to the cinema, where she talked to the wife until she was in a fit condition to accompany her husband in the ambulance to hospital, where he died shortly after admission. When she had dealt with these cases, Miss Wright returned to the cin ema, where she found two more people in a fainting condition as a result of watching the accident, and she had to give them first aid treatment.
COMMENT.-The facts being as stated, all that remains is cordially to congratulate Ambulance Sister Phyllis TVright on good work well done.-N. C. F.
COMMENT.-As the recorded cases of The Surgeon-in - Chief is a lways pleased adder bites are few and fa r between , best to receive full particulars of interesting and thanks ar e due t o Asst. Co mmissi oner unusual case reports.
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QUESTIONS
S w el lin g of T issues of T h roa t
A N D AN SWERS
O. M. (Bicester).-The Textbook tell s us that if we have to treat a patient who is suffering from swelling of the tissues o f t he throat we should place him" before the fire." We shall be obliged if you will explain why this is recommended, and we thank you in anticipation of your kind reply.
Cold affects all local inflammation harmfully, because instead of causing dilation of the bl ood vessels, as heat does, it tends to constrict them ConseqHently cold air will irritate the upper respiratory passages; and it will cause spasm and coughing which in their turn will further increase the swelling of the tissues of the throat. For this reason the Textbook tells you to place a patient before the fire. In other words, if patient is fully conscious, he will be more comfortable and better able to breathe if placed sitting on a chair. If, however, insensibility should threaten he should at once be placed recumbent on a rug before the fire.N.C.F.
Idea l D r e s sin g fo r Bu rn s
R. Y. (Hastings).-Recently some of us were discussing the question as to what is the ideal dressing for burns and scalds. As we could not come to a satisfactory decision we decided to submit our problem for your kind ruling, for which we offer our thanks.
Since first aid deals with "whatever is at hand, JJ it rarely happens that first aiders have a choice of dressing. The ideal dressing, however, for burn or scald should be (1) astringent (absorb discharge), (2) antiseptic (prevent infection), and (3) analgesic (soothe pain). Some authorities claim that medicated gauze satisfies all three conditions.
The Textbook, however, recommends three simple remedies: first, a warm solution of bicarbonate of soda which is soothing; secondly, a warm solution of strong tea, which is soothing and mildly antiseptic; and thirdly-if the former are not available-a dressing of cotton woo l , which is aseptic and is to be kept in position by a bandage. The lint on which the first two remedies are applied is left uncovered ; and if a solution of bicarbonate of s oda is used, it is to be kept moist until medical aid is obtained.-N. C. F
Classifi cation of Hysteria
E. T (Wellington, New Zealand).P l ease explain why the Textbook class ifies Hysteria among the causes o f insen sibility and yet tells us to " speak fi r m l y JJ to the p atient
which results from a more or les s disturban ce of the brain centres, as the seque l to disease (ancemia, alcoholism, etc.) or acciden t (wounds, shell-shock, gassing, etc.). F or this reason it is by no means limited to "young girls, JJ even though its name signifies disease resulting from an affection of the womb; and in wartime it frequently occurs amongst invalided soldiers, especially those who have undergone some exceptionally severe strain.
Consequently, although the patient may be made to respond to speech and touch, the Textbook includes it among the caUqes of insensibility; beca1lse its diagnosis is open to error; and it may be difficult, even for doctors, to differentiate it in an emergency from certain other conditions, especially epilepsy.-N. C. F.
Incised and Lacerated Wou n ds E. J. (Swansea).-At a recent Divisional Practice I asked the following question, which produced a lengthy discussion and resulted in our being divided into two schools of thought:
" Two patients have lost parts of their forearms between the wrist and elbow. In the first case the forearm was cut straight through by a sharp weapon, while in the second case it was torn off by machinery."
My first question is-in which case is there the greater amount of and why? My second (about which I 60 not feel sure) is in which case would the degree of shock be the more severe ?
I await your replies, and I thank you in anticipation of your comments, which are always so helpful.
(1) A forearm cut straight through by a sharp instrument is as an incised wound; and in the opening paragraphs of Chapter IX on the subject of Wounds and H cemorrhage the Textbook tells you that such injuries bleed freely because "the blood vessels are clean cut."
On the other hand a forearm torn off by machinery is classified as a lacerated wound, in which the injured part "bleeds less freely and the bleeding may be delayed for a time." The reason for this is that with a torn artery the muscular coat may buckle inwards and so Plug the vessel. In other words, incised wounds usually bleed more freely than lacerated.
(2) In reply to your second query, I am of the opinion that there would be little difference in the degree of shock associated with these two injuries because of the l os s of blood from incised wounds and the tearing of the tissues with lacerated wounds.-
Hysteria is a pat'tialloss of consciousness N. C. F.
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DIAGRAMS
OBITUARY
CORPS SERGEANT-MAJOR DANIEL J ONES.
-We regret to announce the death of Corps Sergt.-Major D. Jones, of the Dudley and District Corps on March 10. He joined the Dudley Division in 1907, and was for 10 years secretary of the Division, later being promoted to Staff Sergeant. He held the Service Medal and four Bars, and was a Serving Brother of the Order.
Asst. Commissioner T. C. Lench, County Officer A. Winbow, Corps Supt. J. A. Harris, Corps Officers W. Ollis, H. G. Mills, J. H. Watkins, and O. C. Bennett were among the many officers and members of the Brigade who paid their last tribute. The bearers were members of the Dudley Division under Corps Sergt.Major E. F. Preece.
COLONEL \VILFRED VICKERS, D.S.O., ::VLD.-We regret to annOunce the death of Colonel Wilfred Vickers, Director of Ambulance, Commandery in Australia, since the formation of the Commandery. Col. Vickers served in the Brigade as District Officer, 1927, Assistant Commissioner, 1937, and Commissioner of the New South Wales District in 1943. He was a Knight of Grace of the Order.
SUPT. LESLIE S. GUNN.-News has been received of the passing of Supt. Leslie S. Gunn, of the Melbourne (Tramways) Ambulance Division, Victoria, Australia. He had many years' service with the Brigade and was the holder of the Service Medal and Bar. He was also an Officer of the Order.
SUPT. FRANK HOWARD.-The death of Supt. Frank Howard, of the Mossley Division, has reached us. He had given over 40 years' service to the Association and Brigade, being a member of the Centre formed in Mossley in 1906 and of the Brigade which was formed in 1909. He held his present rank from 1930. He was admitted a Serving Brother of the Order in 1936.
CORPORAL C. SPARRow.-The death is announced of Corporal Sparrow, of the Hammersmith Division, who had been an active member since 1932. Members of the Division and of the Nursing Division were present at the interment, together with representatives of Acton Division.
CORPS SUPT. GILLING.-We regret to announce the death of ex-Supt. Gilling, of the Rotherham Corps, whose funeral took place on March 6. Iy.Iembers of the Corps, headed by the Corps President, formed a Guard of Honour. He had been associated with the Association and Brigade for 40 years, and was known for some years as the Regimental Sergeant-Major for 5 District Camp. The British Red Cross Society, the police, the works ambulance classes and other organisations were well represented at the funeral.
CORPS OFFICER MRS. MINNA RALLI.-
The death occurred on March 3 of Corps Officer Mrs. Minna Ralli, of the Liverpool Corps. She joined the Brigade in 1915 with the Sefton Nursing Division, and served in the St. John Auxiliary Hospital and the David Lewis Northern Hospital. She was Corps Secretary from the formation of the Corps until her transfer to the Reserve, but continued to take an active interest in the work up to her death. Members of the Corps, under their Corps Superintendent, attended the interment service.
SERGEANT C. W. CHANDLER.-The death is reported of Sergeant C. W Chandler, of the Grimsby Division. He was a most active member, both in the Senior and Cadet Section, having trained several Cadet teams for the Coffield Cup competition over a number of years.
Painstaking and reliable, he was a member of the R.N.A.S.B.R., and mobilised at the outbreak of hostilities, being demobilised quite recently. His passing came as a great shock to all membe-rs of the Division.
RAILWAY A MBULANCE NE WS SOUTHERN
Final Competitions.- The final competitions will be held at the Edrich Hall, Borough Polytechnic, Borough Road, London. S.E.l, on Friday, April 26. Admission is by ticket only and may be obtained from Mr. E. Uzzell, \Velfare Officer, Southern Railway, \Vaterloo Station, S.E.l.
Lond on District.-On March 14 members of the Ambulance Classes in the London District held a successful social at the Bridge House Restaurant, London Bridge. There were present nearly 350 persons, including Mr. R. M. T. Richards (Traffic Manager), Mr. E. Uzzell (Welfare Officer) and Mrs. Uzzell, Miss ltV. Grindley, Mr. H. Greenfield (Stationmaster, Waterloo), Mr. Card (Stationmaster, London Bridge), and Mr. Turpin (Stationmaster, Cannon Street).
Mr. Richards referred to the stren.uous days of the past years, and urged the importance of first aid and the value of social functions. Mr. F. A. Trott and Mr. A. Hayward were the efficient M.C.s.
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COMPETITION.- Barker Cadet Challenge Shield This Competition will be hl';ld in Liverpool, September 14, 1946, for No 4 Lancashire District Cadet Divisions.For details apply to. T POOLE, Hon. Sec., Exchange Ambulance Di•. , 95, Shaw Street, Liverpool, 6. FOR Superintendent's Uniform. HeIght 5 ft. 9 i?, chest 40 in. Tunic, with cloth belt, trousers, cap 6t m.; £4.-S.J. 37, c/o PUBLISHERS.
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CUP.-An Open First·Aid Competition will be held on Saturday, June 22,1946, in the Acton Hospital in Acton Park. All proceeds will be given to t h e Acton Hospital. Entries close on Saturday, May 11 , 194 6.-For further information, wri t e Lt.-Col. D. C. D. SWORD, D.S.O., Secr etary, Acton H ospital, Gunnersb ury Lane, Acton, W .S; or MIH G. COLES, Competition Secretary 3, Moat Place, Noel Road, W 3. Entrance Fee: lOs. per team.
Uniform BY Garrould
The cut, style, and fine workmanship always distinguishes a Garrould Uniform from any other. Great care and attention is given to every detail. We have such a wide range of scientifically graded stock sizes that go per cent. of our customers are able to obtain a perfect fit.
PermIt or official headed paper must accompany every order.
SJ.A. REGULATION COAT
Cut and tailored from fully shrunk and showerproofed material. half lined with grey Italian cloth. Prices include buttons. An official order for H.Q. to supply us with badges and buttons must be sent with every order. Women's Sizes 99/6, O.S. £5/5/-. Ex. O.S. £5/12/6.
S.J.A. REGULATION HAT for Officers, Wool Felt, 18/6. Ambulance Sisters, Felt, 18/6 Box and postage I /6. Badges are only obtainable from H.Q. Sizes: 61-, 6i, 6!, 61,7, 71, 71, 71-. Storm Cap 17/11. Box and postage 1/4.
REGULATION DRESS for Officers and Ambulance Sisters. Made from good quality Sanforized-Shrunk washing material.
Bodice unlined, women's 24/-. O.S. 26/-.
Bodice lined, women's 28/6, d.s. 31 /-.
REGULATION CAPE.-Made In regulation grey cloth, lined with all wool red flannel. 46/6.
REGULATION BLOUSES for Officers and Ambulance Sisters. In Ivory Trlcoline 22/6 (4 coupons), extra collar 3/6 (I coupon). Sizes: 131, 14, 141 ins. O.S. 23/6. (Civilian coupons must be surrendered for blouses.)
SJ.A. REGULATION APRONS for Ambulance Sisters. Made from hardwearing linen-finished apron cloth. Price includes cross.
Waists 26, 28, 30 ins.
Waists 32 and 34 Ins.
Waists 36 and 38 Ins.
Waist 40 Ins.
All in lengths 26, 28, 30, 32 Ins.
7/9 8/3 8/11 9/6
REGULATION CAP for Ambulance Sisters, 27 by 18 Ins. or 28 by 19 Ins. 3/3.
GARROULD LTO.
150-162, EDGWARE ROAD, LONDON, W2
Telepho•• I PADdl.po. 1001
PRICES OF OFFICERS' UNIFORMS AND OTHER ITEMS NOT MENTIONED IN THIS ADVERTISEMENT SE.NT 8 Y REQUE.ST
All prlc re lIabl. to advance without notlc•• Numerall obtai nab I. from headquarten.
