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Edited by GEORGE E. CRAFT, O.StJ., F.R.S.A.
VOL. 21. No.7.
CONSTITUTIONA L CHANGES.
EDI.TORIAL
Tille following changes iil th e constitution of th e Ord er, its l oundations and its e ommittee s, b e came op erative on St . John's Day.
Ther e ar e now thr ee foundati ons of th e Ord er, i nstead of two. These are (r) th e Ophthalmic at J erusalem, (2) the Ambulance Association, and (3 ) th e Ambulan ce Briga d e.
In co n se qu e nc e of th ese chan ges the Brigad e Sub-Committee ha s b ee n abolished and s ub stitute d b y a Brigad e Committee which is G[]e of th e Stalldin g Committees of th e Ord er. It is empowered to d e cide matters affe cting th e Brig ade al on e , n ot invo lv ing any maj or qu estion of finan ee or inconsistent with the fund a m ental principl es of th e Ord er.
Th e A sso ciation Sub-Committee is also abolished and its work ab sorb e d in th e Ambulance Committee This committee will have the same m e a sur e of d ele ga ti on as conferr e d on the Brigade Committee.
In addition the composition of Council and O[ Cbapter-Ge Iileral has been alter e d t o conform with th e R e port and R ecommendations of the Commission s et up t o inquire into matters affe cting th e Order as a whol e
THE ST JOHN CLINIC.
Owing to the fact that the premis es at Pimlico were r e quisitioned by the Westminster City Council as the site for a block of fiats, and in view of the fact that the work and premises of th e Clinic would be taken over by th e Government under th e n ew H ealth L egislation, the Board of Management r e gretfully d e cided that th e British Human e A ssociation, of which the St. John Clinic is an off-shoot, should now t1.il.rn to S ervic e in SOrule ot:neli direction.
A h om e for th e a ge d where e ld erly people could stay for a shOlft time while th eir r elatives had a r est is one of the schemes now und er consideration.
IS IT WHILE?
A member o!li the Maltilb y Nursing Division, Mrs. Fletcher, saw a woman fall and on examination fe-mnd that she had sprained her ankle jo tinit. Treating t he case Mrs. Fletcher was in:fiormed that the patient was a widow living a lone, and so she her UGl stay with lnieiF s @ that
couM be i@oked after l!1Iilttil we][ enouglli1 t€) go to her own home. Sueh a Christian act is certainly in keeping with the highest traditions t)f the Knights of St. John It is of intere£t to nC:!Jte that Mrs Fletcher gained her illrst aid certificate in December last and sat fgr her home nursing examinah om ]ast IDil GlID.tih.
ST. JOHN'S DAY CELEBRATIONS
For the first time in history the flag of St. John flew over the Abbey of Westminster on St. John's Day, June 24, 1948. It marked the of the Commemoration Service which followed the installation of the Prior by His Royal Highness th e Grand Prior.
The day commenced with Holy Communion in the Crypt of the Priory Church in Clerkenwell, at which the Prelate of the Order officiated.
In the Hoare Memorial Hall, Church House, W estminster, the annual General Assembly was held; and a most impressi ve ceremo ny of installation of th e Lord Prior was carried out Slowly but impressive ly the Grand Prior's procession moved down the Hall, th e Grand Prior, with the Chancellor of the Order on his right and the Bailiff on his left, taking his seat on the throne.
Afte r prayers the Grand Prior deliv ered the Annual Address; and the Sub-Prior (the Earl of Clarendon) presented to His Royal Highness the Reports of th e Executive Officers on the work of thei r r espe ctive Departments during the past year.
His Royal Highness then took leave of the Sub-Prior, who had expressed a wish to retire from office owing to pressure of other duti es.
of Ceremonies conducted the Grand Prior to his Throne; and then the Lord Prior coming forward, knelt on one knee and placing both hands between those of the Gran@l Prior said: "I, John, Lord Wakehurst, a Knight of Ju stice of this Venerable Order, do homage to thee my Lord Grand Prior for this my Priory of St. John and for the Lieutenancy and Deputyship f or the governance of our Order which I hold of thee and of Our Lord the King the Sovere ign Head in the British Realm of this Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. J ohn of J erusalem "
"We accept that homage ," replied the Grand Prior, adding, " and direct that Proclamation be made accordingly."
Garter King of Arms came fon-vard and holding Lord Wakehurst by the right hand, in stately t erm s, proclaimed him as Lord Prior.
The General Assemb ly rose and bowed to the Lord Prior, who r eturned the courtesy; after which came a sustained fanfare of trumpets.
The ceremonies ended, His Royal Highness , the Members of ChapterGeneral, preceded by the Standard of the Order, the Process ional Cross and the Sword, pass ed out of the Hall into Deans' Yard where the Ensign, Colour Party, and Guard of Honour were inspected
At this point the Chancellor (Sir Edwin King) and the Bailiff of Egle (the Earl of Shaftesbury) rose and conducted Lord '\iVakehurst to a THE COMMEMOR ATI ON SERVICE position in front of the Throne, and there presented him.
The Abbey was filled with a great
As the Lord Prior thus stood there congregation. As the procession of the the Grand Prior said to him: "Con- Colle giate Church reached the Great frere, we gre et you well," and, descend- West D o or a magnificent fanfare was ing from the Throne inducted Lord sounded by the Trumpeters of the Wakehurst into an empty chair with Royall Artillery, and the lovely bells these words: "We now appoint your of th e Abbey chimed their peals. lordship to be our Lieutenant and Past the Unknown vVarrior's Grave Deputy in the administration and went the procession , a spectacle of governance of our Venerable Order surprising ecclesiastical beauty. Led throughout the who le Dominions of by the Mace, the Cross of Westminster, our Sovereign Lord the King and we and followed by the Taperers with thus install you with the style and their tapers agleam and the choir, title, no longer of Sub-Prior, but of came at intervals the glorious silken Lord Prior of St. John." banners of the Founde r St. Edward
As he said these words the Grand King and Confessor, of St. Oswald Prior placed his right hand on each th e King, of St. Martin, of Our Lady, shoulder in turn to confirm the and of th e Patron Saint Peter, Apostle Lord Prior in his chair. The Director and Martyr. 199
The Canons of Westminster and the Dean in their richly Golourful copes passed on up to the Altar.
In contrast to the gleaming co [our 0] eccle£ia£tical :robes caFl1l€ tllile @[3J d t and white of the P["oGessioTl 0] the Order, preceded by the Mace-Bearers. Following the I vary Cross came the Sub-Prelates; the Prelate of the Order (The Archbishop of Canterbury) being preceded by the Primitial Cross of Canterbury. The S,;vorcl of the Order was carried before his Royal Highness the Grand Prior, who was aUend€d by the Seuetary o£ tlle Ondi er (Majo:r-Genenl J. £. T. ¥olilngetr) illi1llid the Equerry (Sir Godfrey Thomas).
As the procession moved to its appointed places the hymn" Blessed city, heavenly Salem" was sung. After the Grand Prior had taken his seat in the Lantern, the Sword and
Standard of the Order and the Colour of the Brigade were received at the High Altar; then was sung the Natimlla[ Anthem.
'Fhe Seifil'ililGllW. was preached by the Lord E illsilhop of Lond@n; the iPre]oj,te <0f the Order pronoundng the Blessing.
As the noble procession gently flowed out to the West Dom the bells of the Abbey again rang out.
And so a glorious pageant of christian devotion dissolved its colours in the sunshine; its virtues to live again in i[ilspiration for mankind.
Among those who attended the Se:riVID ce W3JS H.R.H. the Duchess of G [oucester in tbe uniform of Dephlty Commandant-in-Chi ef, Nursing Corps and Divisions, the Earl Mountbatten of Burma and Countess Mountbatten (this being their first official engagement on their return from India).
ST. JOI=olN COUNCIL IN HAMPSHIRE
At tb€ sixth meeting of the Coul1!«:il, held at the Castle, Winchester, on June rt), the Chairman, :Brigadier F. B. Hurndall informed the m€mbers that as he was leaving the country to take up residence in K(mya, ill€ would be 0bliged to resign the office of Chairmillin of the Coundl and also as a mem.oeF. The C01Ullcil lYlnaninwusly agFeed iihillit the lil!ame €J[ Siil" Hallett (C€Junty HospiiEalleF aneli Almoner) should be submitted to the Chancery of the Order with _ the
recommendation that he be appointed to succeed Brigadier Hurndall as chairman.
Mr. D. E. Richards, of Bournemouth, was welcomed as a new member of the Council.
During the proceedings the Chairman presented the Service Medal of the Order to Lt.-Col. P. H. Marshall, and congratu[Cllted him on his many year's service with the Brigade and his work as As£istant County Commissioner, Eastern Area.
THE FOR NORTHERN IRELAND
'The first Investiture to be held in Northern took place at the City Hall, BeHast, m1l! May q. His Excellency the GoveFnoif 0] N©;rtiherlf:l Ireland, Earl Granville, who is President of the Northern Irelamcd Committee of the Order, W3JS accompanied by Countess Granville, President of th.e Northern Ireland Nursing Divisions HIS Excellency invested 69 members with th €ir Insignia or Certificate£.
The attendance included the Ead of ShaHesbury (Bai]iff of Egle of the Order), Sa[' BrcD @Ke, P ililme Minister of Nortihei"I1 Ireland, Re. Hon. W. Grant, Minister of Health and
200
Local GoveT'nment, the Rt. Hon. the LmGl Mayor of Belfast and Lady Mayme££, the Marchioness of Londondeny, Si!J! Nmman Stronge, Speaker of the N mthern Ireland Honse of Commons, and Lady Stronge, Mr. Ian Fraser, F.R.C.S., and the Chiefs of the Services.
Prayers were read by the Chaplain, the Archdeacon, Shirley; th.e reCIp ients of Insignia included D ]strict Commrnssioner Dr. R. W. M. Stiliaill, JLG>nlli JDunleatn, Cihai['man Gill the Nmthern bela11d Committee of tihe Orcl!er), and Asst. Comm rn ssioneF J. H. Rea.
lLEADERSHIP
By GENERAL Snz W]LLIAM SUM, G.B.E., K.C.B., M.e. (Extracts Jr(fm1, a talk given t(J) SZ. J (Jifm AmbuZance Br.igade OJfoeers at A shrvdge.)
I 31m a [ititle diffid!ent 0] talking t@ an audience like this on "Leadership)) for two reasons. First of aD leadership is an extremely personal matter and someone who has been a leader and talks about it tends to do so from a pei"sonal angle. Any discuss[on on leadership is scattered with copious " iI's ". I win try to keep them out ibut they are su;re to cFeelj9 back. Secondly, whde I remember sometimes that I have handled anything from. a section of six men to an Army of a million and a quarter, it was all in the Army, and there is a good deal of difference between an Army and civil life.
I would, for a moment, like to draw attention to some of those differences because they come in very much these days when so many people are returning from the Army, and many admirable and excellent people are looking for jobs. The Army has many advantages. You get understanding and recognition of rank, and authority and discipline. That is a tFemendous asset and one sadly missing in industry, where the management and workers often feel on different sides. The officers and men of a regiment are part of the regirr:ent and fight for the same thing.
Then there are two factors which also come in. One is the military approach to a problem. The military mind is something which £ometimes comes in for criticism. There is the story of a man who said intelligence could be classified under three headings: (r) human, (2) animal, and (3) military! If you ask a scientist, a lawyer, €Jr a dJOctGif the 3J1ISWer to a problem he will probably say, if a scientist, he cannot give you the answer at once but in six months' time, when he has considered it and checked
jecti@l'il. 't:he leader's pers€Jnality into the mind£ of the people he wants to lead. By example, persuasion, and compulsion he gets people to do what he wants them to do. It is purely a mental affair, from the mind of one man to the minds of many.
In the mdinary business of ship there are thifee elements :-
The le3Jder ifu.iJi[lseU. (2) Hi£ headquarters.
(3) The method by which he puts over his ideas and intentions and his desires to the people he leads.
I would like to consider each.
THE LEADER
Leadership is the projection of a persGnality. The personality 0Jf the comrnand€F must be the O[ the who[e thing, the force which makes it move, which gives it directi®n, and make£ sense of the whole thing. And the leader must haye certain qualitie£. Leadership is a complex affair and the personality of the leader must be made up to he effective, of a combination of qualities. COURAGE, WILL-POWER, JUDGMENT, FLEXIBILITY OF MIND, KNOWLEDGE, INTEGHITY. Amv leader who lach aNyone of these thIng);; will sconer or ia ter fail to be a really good leader.
COURAGE
Courage is the basis of all virtue. An important word-courage. Physical courage is required in a degree in smaller parties or sections, where the leader ml!ilst ihave physical GOUrOhge. The y©u get, the more tends to be a moral and readiness to accept the risk£ that follow your own decisions.
up with his brother scientists he may W:ilLL-POWER be able to tell you. A soldier has to The greatest quality after courage is give you the answer at once, not will-power, a most important point for necessarily the best answer but one a leader. Any man who has cOl!uag@ which will be effective. That is tihe 3Jnd will-power is a leader; he may be d i fference between militalfy <lli1lcl! civiru a very bad!! [eader bl!!lt he is TUle fu-st @iuty ®f a eommander is to LeadeFsnJiJ? is the same wheth.er Y0il!l make decisions, and having made lead ten or a million men. The pro- decisions to force them through, not 201
only against opposition of the enemy but of his Ovvn people. If he has not a stron O' will, he will not be a leader at all. His job is to make dec.isions and he :has to make the right deCiSlQnS, and that means he must have good jud gment. If you get a ma.n with a strong will-power and bad he will still be a; leader but will read m the 'wrong direction. There must be a C0mbil1,atioIil of will-power and good jud gment.
FLEXIBILITY OF MIND
In these days, when science makes such advances and new inventions change the background, flexibility of mind is more important than ever, and what you were doing yes t erday may be 'wrong to-day. Here you have Hong Kong.
Extracts taken from the Governor's Speech.-Unqualified tribute to St. John Ambulance Brigade for their selfless service to the community was paid by the Governor, Sir Alexander Grantllam, at the Brigade's first post-war a nnual review.
TweFlty divisions and six nursing detachments comprumll! g aibcmt S@@ personnel, presented a smart first aid demonstration before the Governor.
" but the Brigade does not only concern itsel:li with this O!l'l!e a:m.nual review. It is always on duty, every day and night, in peace and in war.
" No doubt those members of the public who attend race meetings a:ID!d football matches have observed the speed with which members of the Brigade have rushed forward whenever there was a casualty, ' aFld the efficient manner iEl. which t he casualty was treated.
" It always gives "me a feeling of confidence to know that members of tbe Brigade are in attendance and to render aid should it be necessary.
" Another service o:f which the average person in Hong Kong realiz;es little is the Ambu lance Service Here aga in it means that those members of the Brigade who are engaged on it are giv]Flg up their time for the welfare of the community Shomld there be a major calamity such as tl).e bomb outrage at the Ko Shing Theatre, the house collapse in J mbilee StT'eet, the fire in Hollywood Road, the burning o:f a vessel like the S.S. Kwong Tune, one will always find members of the Brigade on the spot.
a conflict between strength of will and flexibility of mind. I have served in many commands and I have a man to :fail tbr@iIJ!gJilli lack €)f (Vf mind. Any man who will not cih31;llge his mind has a wea,kness somewhere. Then you have the other side of th.e picture. You have a man whose flexibility of mind is a weakness He may be swayed by tiffie last man t() .be with him. You have to gman::l agamst the constant struggle between will-poweli and flexibility of mind. See that willpower does not "?ecome obstinacy and flexibility of mmd does not "?ec0l1!e vacillation. Tradition comes mto it, but remember that tradition q.oes Dot mean 011e must mever do a thing for the first time.
( To be concluded)
" The work that is done is really most commendabl e. Also of importance is the training that has been given by of the Brigade to the Hong Kong PolIce and the Fire Brigade.
" The St. John Ambulance Brigade in Rong Kong is, in my opinion, the foremost of any of the Brigades in this part of the world. Here is an opportunity for it to GOIDtil!l!llle tlwat 1e 0', for I should very much like to see the Hong Kong Brigade as the best in the Far East.
" I am impressed by what I have seen to-day. I am impressed by the work that yom do at all times tlElder all conditions. You have built up a fine tradition. I know that you will uphold that tradition."
Extracts taken from the speech by Mr. Aw Boon Haw :-
" It is hardly necessary for me to sing the praises ef this great organization which has rendered invaluable service to the community here and throughout the whole world.
"Before the war the Queen Mary Hospital and the Kowloon Hospital each bad a free ambulance serviee of their own This service was limited to accident and police cases The demand for a civilian ambulance service is more acute now than before ;the war."
Mr. Aw Boon Haw preseIDteol an amilIDulance to the Brigade, and as well as his own generous donation, money had been contributed by the public, but he made iJnJirnseM: resiIDonsib ffi e ll@r the whole cost o[ maintaining amI mfili1[ng it. The amibu, lance would be available day and night i!ree of
202
NURSING OFFICERS' CONFERENCt
SOl'l'1e 60 Nursing Officers from all parts subjects of interest apart from the manual of Ell'l!g]all'ill di, and from Wales and Nortihern instruction, i.e. Care of the Feet, Care of Ireland, attended the fi!ilfSt Day C@nmelPe:ID!0e the !Feet1u., Simp[e Skin Complaints, for Nursing Officers held by the Brigade. Physiotherapy, and a lechtre every six 'fhis took place in the Chapter Hall at months on modem drugs. It was also St. J@hm's Gate Oifi Saturday, May 29, suggested that lectures on the care of 1948. Lady Dunbalf-Nasmith!, Deputy M.C.D. equipment should be given in the Superintendent-in-Chief, Nursing Corps Divisions. and Divisions, presided.
After lunch Miss M. S. Cochrane, R.R.C., Th e first speaker was Mrs. Lionel Heald, Honorary Secretary Gf the National COhlnty Supe;ril!l!tendeiT!1t, Surrey, aEld Council of NUl'ses, talked on "Home Honorary Secretary and member of the Nursing Competiti©ns ", speaking first of Executive Committee of the Q.LD,N. the general preferance for First Aid r ather Her subject was" Contacts with Q.LD.N. than Home Nursing tests, as the latter and Nursing Aid Scheme ", which she were more difficult and not so eXGiting. , introduced by tracing the history of She mentioned the high standard of bedDistrict Nursing from its inception in making. Miss Cochrane, after one or two Liverpool in 1848 to the present day when amusing anecdotes, gave some hints 1m twenty million visits a year are paid in competition judges, warning delegates England and 'Nales. Of the Nursing Aid to be on the lookout for the candidate's Service she said that the most satisfactory approach to the patient, which should way to run it was to have one person in vary in First Aid and Home Nursing, a district in charge of it and that work and stressing the necessity fo:r putting should only be undertaken at the requept a competitor at her ease. The judge, she of the District Nurse. Mrs. Heald out- said, is there to find out what the comlined the future position of the District petitor knows and to help her to express Nurse under the new Health Scheme. herself, not to catch he r out.
In some areas the County Councils had The last speaker was Miss D. C. delegated the work to the existing Bridges, R.R.C., Executive Secretary, voluntary Associations; in the non- International COUl'lcil of Nurses, whose delegating counties it was hoped that the subject was "Wmking Party Report, Home Nursing Service would have 1947 ". Miss Bridges said she felt many membership of the Association and, in critics of the Report were not in a position that event, the Queen's Nurses would con- to comment fairly up on it as they had not tinue the work in the county and be studied it fully. She explained that the inspected by the Institute. In these latter reason for this inquiry into training and counties negotiations for the Brigade recruitment of nurses was the present would have to be mad e direct with County acute shortage of nurses and the even Councils. She concluded by stressing the greater need for recruitment due to the need for more Medical Comforts Depots, new Health Scheme. for in the future it was likely that the She mentioned the main recommendaDistrict Nurses would have greater need tions of the Working Party Report: (1 ) That of these. the status of nurses in training be raised
The next talk was on " Home Nursing to that of students, (2) a forty-hour week Training" and was given by Miss M. H. of formal training, (3) Period of formal Miller, County Nursing Officer, Suffolk, training to be reduced to two years, who began by drawing attention to the (4) training to be more comprehensive. emphasis at present being laid em health To implement these she said there must be sub j ects by press and radio, giving people better selection of students and adeqhlat e a superficial knowledge which was apt to administrative and teaching staff. She make text books appear rather dull. would like to see nurses drawn from Miss Miller thougbt the Nursing Officers' every section of the commuElity. j ob was to make the Home Nursing In sMmmiJng up the Confeirence, Lady Manual interesting and alive. She Dunbar-Nasmith said she felt that the personally used the book as a broad out- Nursing Officers of the Brigade had a great lin e and round the suilDject, so as to opportunity to interest and encourage give students a desire to read and 1earn young people in making n u rsing their more for themselves. She advised splitting profession. Quoting from a article the book into two sections: (1) The Care in The Ti11'tes she stressed the need for conalill.dl Com.fort of tlil! e Patie11t, and (2) Treat- tinued heip by voluntary organizations if ment of Disease. Miss MiLler went on to the Health Act was to succeed. The describe a system of charting she had Brigade offers help without distinction Gf introduced into Divisions showing the class, race, creed, or political ideologies, ameunt @f instruction and practical work and she was sure tQat St. John wou ld not dOThe by each member in iJud[vici1uai nursling " r etreat or abdicate" from its help of the procedure, and suggested a number of sick and suffering.
203
BRITISH RAILWAYS WOMEN'S FIRST AID COMPETITION
On June 18 history was made by the St. J 0h.n Ambulance Association when the first Nati(imal c@mpetition felF women emp10yees of the Britisih Railways was held at Trenchard House, London SiR€.e 1897 the Association has run natio mal competitions for male employees on the railways and 51 years later has commenced a competition which it is hoped will gain in importance as the years go by and be the means of stimulating interest among the female staff of the British Railways.
The iRaugural competition attracted quite a good crowd @ f spectatQ!l.'s, among them being officials @ f the Railway Executive and Regional Officers.
The judging was in the capa ble han ds of Dr K. S. Maurice-Smith, of Ely (Team) and Colonel E. J. Selby of London (Individual) ; both of whom als ©took two questions.
At the prize presentation ceremony Brigadier W. B. G. :Harne (SecretaryGeneral of the Order) presided, 3:Lld called upon Major-General F V. B. Witts (AssistaLlt Diliectlql r of AmBulance) to announee the result. This snelwed that Swind c;m had gained first place, followed by Hull, Audit (Southern), S0mers Town, and Londem Transport Executive, in that ord er.
Lady Burrows presented the Championship Rose Bowl to the winning team whilst Mr. V. M. Barrington-Ward (Railway Executive) presented th e individual prizes to each competitor .
The Chairman expressecl. tllan iks to L ady Bl!l.ITOWS f(H her preseI'lce and to § i'l.1 Ro be ri: Burrows for so kindly pnwidiiDg the Champi©nship Trophy. Lady Burrows, in response, said how pleased she was to be present, and expressed the regret of
BowlL TO THE SWINDON (WESTERN REGION) TEAM.
Sir Robert, who was unable to attend owing t@ other duties. She was particularly pieasecd to see th.e teams at WC!lr k and to u@te the k een riva[ry betwee1ftl! them. Whenever she saw St. John in action she appreciated the great debt of grahtude that was due to the members.
Mr. Barrington-Ward, responding to a vote of thanks, congratulated the teams on their good work and exp ressed the hop e that not 0nly would the British Railways be declared the best throughout the world, but that the first aid movement on the railways would also be considered the best.
B(!)th judges addressed the competitors. They had seen some very good work bu t som e little points had been missed a nd so teams had l0st marks.
General Witts proposed an omnibus vote of thanks to Mrs. Maxwell and Mr. Joe Grossman for their con tin ued assistance by staging the tests, to the Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police for use of Trenchard House, to the stewards, and to the patients.
THE TESTS
The Team Test setting represented a station platform. A train was running in, a door flew open, and a boy standing on the platform was knocked down. In falling he struck a four-wheeled barrow. As the patient was conscious he was ab le to give all information to the teams; and he complained of pain in the right side of the chest and also in the left leg. On examining these parts a simple fracture of the seventh and eighth ribs and a simple fracture of the left leg was diagnosed. Further examination revealed that the patient was suffering from shock and a slight wound in the palm of the right hand. Time allowed to render first aid was 18 minutes; and each t eam
displayed a good knowledge of competition work. As will be seen by the analysis of marks there was little to cJn.oose between the teams.
I n the Tests Nos. [ and ' 2 lruad ito deal witih. a ease of am@. (W1ftl!lp®Ul'ld fliachue of the riglTht IO'l.1earm; whilst N0S. 3 and 4 had to attemd a patient who h a d been knocked down by a luggage trolley and sustained concussion" bruise on forehead, and a fractured left patella. In each test the time limit was 8 minutes. The marks gained showed a good standard and were, with one exception, very close.
The Viva Vo €.e section included questions on convulsions, preparation for the receptiem of accidents, treatmem.t of burns, an@. aS F>bJ.yxia . The marks gaim.ed !in th.is seeti@n varied eonsic;ierably, the gaiflimg tihe 'I1l!igllest mariks being No.2 Q)1 the Hul[ team. Taken on. tihe whole the standard of work was goed; and it only remains for the teams to practice in the futuFe so that a higher standard can be obtained. It is hoped that many more teams will eompete in the Regional Finals next year.
ANALYSIS OF MARKS GAINED
RAILWAY REGIONAL NEWS
LONDON MIDLAND
One June 11 three teams from the London Midland Region and three from the Scottish R egion (old L.M.S.) met at Derby for the 15th. England versus Scotland competition. The judges were Dr. J. R. Sutherland (Glasgow), Dr. H. W. O. Frew (Glasgow), and Dr. W. Duncan (Liverpool), who set the tests according to St. John and St. Andrew's textbooks. Some very good work was shown by many of the teams; and we congratulate the captain of the Motherwell team on his leadership in the team test.
Mr. H. J. Comber (Chief Officer Labour and Establishment) pres idled at tl5J.e prize distribytimPl. and anl!louDicecl! that Emgland has Ofi€.e again supplied the wim.mim.g team. This was Camden who had gained 257! marks, followed closely by Motherwell. Other teams finished in the following order: Wolverton, Dundee, Horwich, and Glasgow Eglinton Street. The chairman congratulated Camden and Wolverton on their performance at the recent InterRailway Competitiom., where they gained seeolThd and third pla,ce FeslPecitively; aN@ teams on tih.e eifIDo'rts showID. in t ihe ptlfese m.ift @@mites t.
all teams on their work, and referred to the importance of nrst aid training. Me appealed for new recruits and for a special drive among the younger members (j)f the staff.
The judges gave some good advice f(j)r future competitiems , and stated tm.at the work they had judged was of a h!igh standard
Mr. G. L. Darbyshire (Chief ilRegiemal CAMDEN TEAM Wll'H THE CHAMP] @N SHIP Officer) presented the championship trephy ROSE Bowli. OF THE LONlDON MIDLAND and inc;iividual prizes. He congratulated REGION Z@5
LADY BURROWS PRESENHNG THE CHALLENGE R©SE
WESTERN Birmingham.-Mr. E. J. Hancock, Goods Dept., Hockley, has been appointed Divisiollal S€cretary to the Birmingham Division, in to Mr. F. Ov€rbury, who held the position from 1934 nnti] lil.is recent retir€ment from th@ service. Mr. Ov€rbury gained his certificate in 1904 and was admitted a Serving Brother of the Order in 1936, b€ing promot€d to Officer in 1945. He has been presented with a fountain pen and pipe. Ferndale.-Mr. Evan Edwards, who has been appointed County Officer in the St. John Ambulance Brigade, was award@d a :lim m€l;itoriou s effici(wt first aiel! rendered in 1934 aIThd in 1935 r€ceived a certi:fiicat€ of mel'it from th€ Royal H Ul11.ane SO<l:iety. He is empl tly@d in the Engineering Department of the W€stern Region.
Fowey.-Long Service Medals and Bars were includ ed among the recent pr€s(wtation of awards. Those present inclu ded the Mayor, Ald. F. Rashleigh, Mr. J. S. P. Pearson, District Traffic Manager, Mr. P. Norris, C.M.E. Dept., anc4 oth@r Wellington (Salop) .-A pr€s€ntati0>D! of long service efficiency a ·wards waf;) made by i\/fr. N. H. Briant, Divisional Sup @rintedent. M€ ,;vas supported by lVIr. V. J. H. Webb, Div. Loco Supt., and other officers.
Swindon.-Mr. F. W. Hawksworth Chief M€chanical Engineer, pn;)sided at the annual concert and presentation of awards, being supported by Mr. R. Burgoyne, Regional Staff Offiee:r, Mrs. Burgoyn@, Mr. H. R. Webb, Sttlres Supt., and Mr. J. A. Martin, Assistant Cenbe Secretary. Mr. B tllTgoyne pFesented class awa.rds MFs. Rmrgoyr.t€ presented compehtlOn trophies and prizes.
OBITUARY
We regret to announce the death of the following :Div. $upt. J. Huntley, of the FGllk€stone Ambulance Division. He had o€€n a member of the Division fOf" 35 years, and. was a most wg]fike r. He was a S€rvillg Brother of the Ordi€r and held the Service Medal with fmH Bars. Pte. B. S. Wheatley, of the City Division, Leeds Corps. After l ea:rmg the Leeds City Police Force, owmg to the effects of war wounds he a trip to Germar.ty and 'was mvolved m a road accident which. proved fatal.
Mr. Walter Duncan Liddell, on Jline 9
1904 he was Adn1.itted a Serving Brother of the Order.
TRUST ST. JOHN
The f ®Uowing tnle sto!liy lwas l'ile€l1l reported.
Fie. C. Senior of the Huddersfield Cmps, was on duty at the Huddel'sfield v. Arsenal iootball match on April 10. Before the end of the game a spectator called him and gave him a pound note asking Pte. Senior to purchase two tickets for next Saturday's match and to send them to an address which he h a d written out. The spectator said he had a train to catch and couid not do this for himself When Pte. SeniOil.: said "You aFe rislting it, giving me this, aren't yom," the Inan replied, " If we can't trust a St. John man, who can we trust? " Needless to say the tickets were sent.
GAS LIGHT AND COKE COMPANY
The final ot the annual competitions was held on Jun e 17, when Dr. M. M. Scott judged the work of the ten finalists at the Company's works in Westminst€r. good work was displayed and it was e\Tldent that th€ competitors had practised hard to reach a higher standard than that shown last year.
The Governor of the Company announced the result s which showed that Beckton Station had secured first place fo llowed by Meter Dept. Pound Lane. He the Championship Trophy to the wmnmg team and expressed his pleasure at the support given to the movement. H€ also expressed thanks to Dr. M. M. SCtltt for not only judging the also for giving lectures of mstructlOn to the various classes. Mr. G. E. Craft (Competition Secretary of the Association) was also welcomed
Mr. Liddell was one of t1"1e oldest of the B1"igade, having beell a meJ1liiJ!iID€ r 01 the Metropolitan Corps ill the ©l@. days. He also a founder m. ember, and past GAS IL C C d IGHT AND OKE OMPANY TEST S IN presl ent, of the Hosplta llers Club. In OPERATION.
206
BII\THDAY HONOURS
The following membe:rs of the Order, the Association, and the rec eived ihIDn,oi\!il![s from H ills Majesty th e King :Ba110i1llo-ColG!Llliel Siilf Alfred. EQlwani K.e.V.@o-A'f th u M@@bs. Bt ., K.C.V.O., MoVi.@o Class).-L awmllce C.B.K, D.S.O., T.ID., M.B. Ed!wanil' l'amflJer, M.V.O. Knighthoodo-DavicJIl'homas Rocyn C.B.Eo-Surgeon Captain Fredlerick Jon es, C.B.E., M.B., D.P.H.; George Hunt, M.B., R.N.; John John Newman Morris, C.M.G., Hu gh Burrell; George Alfred M.B. Titman, M.V.O., O.B.E.; Ernest C.Ho -Major-General James Malcolm Powell Weller; Lt.-Col. Harold Leslie Renton, D.S.O., O.B.E.; Arthur Faulkner Wilkinson, M.C. ; Lt.-Col. Sir Charles Bingham Major John Frederick Ferguson. Bt., D.S.O. O.BoEo-Miss Ave;rill Ems G.CoM.Go-Gellile ral Siy Abu GmciliG!L"l M.RE. ; Henry Kendall; Lt -Co[: Cunningham, :K.c.J3 ., D.S.O., 'ffie MoB.. H enry Chades HIDve llM.C. Thurlow-Cumming-Bruce, D.S.O. C.MoG.- J ohn Cecil Rankin M.R.E.-Mis s Rosabelle Li1'ldesay Buchanan, M.D.(Ed.). Sinclair.
REGIONAL COMPETITIONS
No.2 Region.-The Final Ambulance 2nd, Letchworth (Herts). The judges Competitions were held at Albany Hall, were Dr. Clayre (Hampshire), Lt.-Col. Huddersfield, on June 5, when for the DF. Hunt (Bucks), Asst. Commisstioner first time the five Areas of the West J . P. Flavin (Surrey). Riding were represented tog€ther with Nursing.-1st, Welwyn Garol€['J. City one team from the East Rid i ng. The (HeFts); 2m.di, Chelmsford (Essex). The judges were County Surgeon J. M. Russell judges wer€ Lt .-Col. Dr. Selby (Lol'ldon) (team), Lt.-Col. Dr. C. B. Ball (individual), a,nd Nursing Ofiicer i\/frs. Gill, Dr. G. E. B. and District Officer C. H. Forster (uni- Payne (London), Miss Durrant (District form). Stocksbridge (Southern Area, Nursing Offic€r, London), Miss Harri son W.R.) gained first place being followed by (Brigade H€adquarters). Bradford Tramways. County Surgeon Prizes were presented by the Mayoress, J. M. Russell presented a cup for the who congratulated all the competitors team from West Riding gaining the and expr€ssed ad.miration of the work highest number of marks, and this trophy carried out by the Brigade. was accepted by County Commissioner No. 12 Region.-The Regional Finals <of H. L. Thornton GID. behalf of the \iVest Amibular.tce, Nursing, and!. Cadet ComRiding. petitions wer€ held 0Iil! JW.lil!e 5, when Sir Frank Brook (Chairman of the County winllers cOl'npeted. Comnty St. John Council for West Riding) Commissioner W. G. Pap€ presented the trophies to the winning presided at the presentation team and gave enco uragement to all the at which Asst. Commissioner F. A. Trott members. The Mayor of Huddersfield (Regional Competition Organizer) (Alderman Oliver Smith) and the Mayoress announced the results :attended and gave all visitors a welcome A mbulance.-Brighton Police (holders to Huddersfield. The Mayor infQlrmed of the National Police Championship those present that he h a.d learnt a lot by Trophy) gained first place closely tol1owed watching th€ competihO!lThs tlJilla;t day iby Southwick Both teams were trom Asst. Commissio!fl!el' H. was Sussex. for the an'aID.gem€nts. Nursing.-Horsham (51l£lSS€X) gained No. 4 Region.-The AmlDmlance and first pla.c@ with Guild lli ord No. [ (§ urrey) Nursing Finals were held at Colchester 8 marks lD€hind. on Jun € 19, under the organization of Bedmaking.-Guildford No. were County Supt. Mrs. Smellie a.nd County placed first. Officer J. S. Smith. Coumty Commissioner C 1 J L H 'It (E ) d d Cadet comp€tition results will be o. amI on ssex pf"eSI e at included in the next issue of The Cadet. the p['esemtation of awards, being supported by County CommisstiGlTh€r iHi. Mrs. \ iVhite Knox (wife of the District ]GIil!€S ti!nJe Mayor CGmmtissi©1l1er, No. 1 pres€Illted aIil!d May®r€ss ®f (:NilF. alil!0I Mrs. ;tifuJe awa!lidis, each IDaIil!sru€), a.iJ!1@! !I9!1embers ©f tiw€ Sitafli. 'Fifue COil!l'lll;ty C®m:missi@lID!er Davii2l Bryc€ :results wer€ :_ , eN;ten@e<il a vote of thanks t@ the Ambulance.-1st, S11e1fingham fNor:liolik) ; iudges.
207
Wqe J\mhulaucc
No.1 (PRINCE OF WALES'S) DISTRICT
Northern Area.-Some 450 members from Divisions in Nortibern Area attended Holy Trinity Church, New BarNet, am June 13. Led by District Officers S. E. Collins and Miss M. Vicary, and headed by the New Barnet Boys' Brigade Band, the parade r;narched to Church whore District Commissioner Major A. C. \iVhite Knox, Asst. Commissioner G. P. Hart, District Officers Burns and Harman, Area Cadet Officer S. C. Andrews, and Corps Officer F. T. Middleton were present. The service was by th(? Rev. C. Perowne (Vicalf and Chapiain of the Order) the lesson being read by the Co mm issimile r. The o£fertGry was im. aid of the Priory Church Rebuilding Fund.
Grays.-The second lecture of a series was given in May by Mr. Euin Steele, F.B.O A.(Hons ), D.Orth., his suibject being " Eyes". Particular m entiGn was made of the first aid treatment for eye injuries and diseases. Mr. Steele also gave a talk on " Contact Lem.ses ".
At the Essex Agrieultural Show, held at Orsett Hall, the home of the L©Fdi LieuteNant of Essex, the Glfays Ambudance and Nursing Divisions and Upminster and Hornchureh Ambulance Division, together with the Divisional Ambulance, were on duty for the two days. Over 80,000 people visited the Show and the number of eases treated was 81. Four cases were remaved to hospital and one home by private car. Their Majesties The King and Queen honoured the Shew by their presence.
Hornsey.-At the first annual cdinner of the H @rnsey IDivisio!lil!, Asst. COi[]iJ!missioner G P. Hart preseNted Mrs. L. Beverley with her Warrant and Badge of Office as Vice-President. He also presented divisional awards, including the EfficieNCY Cup to E. Butler, who also received the " Beverley" Cup for individual first aid, the Mill er Trophy, for first aid and nursing quiz, to A. Carter, and a spE'cial award to S. Morris for the greatest number of duties performed.
Wandsworth and Southfi ..lds.-A cessful variety sh©w meld on May 29 raised @ver £7 t(1)wards the funds to equip a new First Aid Station at Tibbet's Corner, PlJ.tney Heath. District Offieer F E. Stratton and Mrs. Stratton were am ong those present. Supt. Brown expressed thanks to the artists.
LANCASHIRE DISTRICT
the form of a social and reunion at whick IID.aJiny past amcl present members attended.
Commissioner Major E S. Burt HamiTton, Mrs. HamiUon, Asst. CGmrnisslonelf iIi)]f. SmaUey and Mrs. Smalley, District Office rs G. Halbert, Miss K Lamb, and Dr. W. Shaw were among th ose prese nt.
The founders in June, 1883, were Dr. Geddes and a Mr. A. \iVaddington, and at first there were four sections, each of which met separately each week with a general meeting and practice once a month. Later these amalgamated. In 1900 the Nursing Division was formed.
Four members went on ac tive service duing the Boer War and thirty cdUYing the Great War. After this the members built a very fine Drill Hall, with kitchen, storeroom, etc., and the Division prospered During the depression in the middle of the thirties there were difficulties in most towns of the industrial north, but Supt. Nightingale, now on the Reserve after 45 years' active service, and his successo r, the late Supt. Diggl e, brought the Division successfully through those times. D1flring the last war 13 m e mbers went on active service and th e r e maining members enrolled in the A.R.P.
All through their long history the members have been very active with an exeellent record bot.h in competitions and in public duties
COUNTY OF BEDFORD
Luton.-The annual competitions of the Wardown Ambulance and Nursing Divisions were held Fecentiy, t he adjudicator being Div. Surgeon T. E. Seymour Lloyd. Supt. Mrs. M. A Steve ns presented the awards. The winners were: Amb. Sister M. Cumberland and Pte. F. Pearce w ho gained the Nursin g and Amblliance cups respectively. A Medical Dictionary was a warded Corporal M. Bicknell who gained the Nursing Cup las t year.
COUNTY OF BERKSHIRE-
Bidcot.-On June 13 Didcot , HungerfOFd, Kintbury, aN@. Walling{®r Gil Divis iomls held their aliltlual iNsp eetion The Inspecting was Mr H. D. BeckwitbSmith (late Asst . Superintendent-in-Chief) who expressed regret at the absence of tme County Commiss ioner through illness. She complimented the parade on its smartness, and Service Medal ribbons were presented to Supts. W. ]. Fisher (Didcot), F. J. Jolley (Wa llingford), Mrs. E. E. Cusden Heywood.-On June 3 the Heywo <') d (Didwt), Amb. Offieers W. T. Bolton Ambw.lance Division celelDlfaterl its G5tiffi. (WaHingford), Mrs. C. ,Didc@t), This is the oldest IDivisiaN TrallS !i>ort Slergt. F. J. (Hungerm LancasliJ.rre and fourth Gldest thWMgh- ford), Sergts. W. J . Hall (Wallingford), out the country . The celebratielils took and Mrs. E. M. Ackrill (Didcot) . 208
Reading.-On June 1 a joint meeting was held between members of the Brigade and the British Red Cross Saeiety in connection with the St. John and Red Cross Hospita l Library Service. Miss E. Barker, County W elfare Office r, gave an interesting demons tration of "First Aid to Books", whilst those present included Miss Hanbury Williams (B.R.C .S .), County Organizer Hospita l Library Service, and County Officer Miss D. K Gibbons (S.J.A.B.).
COUNTY OF BIRMINGHAM
At the r ecently held Home Safety Exhibition, organized by the Birmingham Accident Prevention Council, the Brigade, worki ng closely with the Birmingham Accident Hospital, had a stall organized by County Cadet Officer Dr. J G. B illin gton. This stall showed by models and diagrams, etc., the modern first aid treatment of burns and scalds, wounds and poisoning. Hundreds of people, including many parties from schools, visited the stall and showed keen inte r est.
A ll the adult and Cadet Corps in Birmingham combined to steward the stall. Corps A.-The Birmingham County Ambu lance" A " Corps h eld the final of the Bolton Challenge Shield rec e ntly, when ten teams competed b efore Dr. Hughes (v iva voce), Dr. Butler (individual practical) , and Dr. Beauchamp (team).
G. E. C. Witton "B" Division gained first place and received the shield from Acting County Commiss ion er W. R. Ballard. Corps Supt E. H. Garfield presided Corps B.-On Jun e 6 over 60 m embers and friends of the Witton and Kingstanding Division travelled to Maidenhead
by motor c(,Jach, then by steamer to Windsor. The return trip was made by road.
COIDNTY OF BUCKINGHAM
On JMne 27 members of tilile EMcks Area, together with those ®f the four Aylesbury Divisicms, paraded at High Wycombe. Headed by the Town Band, and with County Colours flying, persemnel marched to the Parish Church for a special service which was taken by the Vicar, the Rev. W. L. P. Float, and the se rmon preached by the Rev. C. Perewne, Chaplain of the Order. Councillor J. R. Avery, President of the High Wycombe Corps, read the less Qn. FGUGwing t he service the palfaGle marched to The Rye where the Mayor, Councillor G. H. Baker, who was accompanied by the Mayoress , inspected the personnel. He expressed deep appreciation of the excellent voluntary work which had been, and would continue to be carried ©ut, by St. John personnel throughout the county, and particularly in the Borough of High Wycombe.
Major M. Beachcroft (COlmty VicePresident Gf Cadets and Chairman e>f the St. John COUI'lcil for Buckingha mshire) thanked the Mayor.
Those present included Asst. C©mmissioner Lieut.-Col. J. R. Collins, County Surgeon Lieut -Col. S. Hunt, County Officer Miss Mitchell, County Cadet Officers E J. L. Constable and Mrs. Beachcroft, County Staff members, also Mr. G. Guthrie Moir (Chi.ef Officer Ambulance Cadets), Mrs. DarvllSmith (President, Mid Bucks DivisiGns). Corps Supt. Short was m charge of the parade. Owing to the fact
G.E.C (WITTON) COMPlETITI(i)N TEAM.
that he was taking an inspection in Berkshire, the County Commissioner, Major P. G. Darvil-Smith, was unable to be present.
COUNTY OF CHESHIRE
Port Sunlight.-For the fourth year in successtiofl the "A" team Q)f the Stork Works Division won the Rothery Challenge Cup in the annual competition of thg PO'I:t Sunlight COFpS. Div. Surgeon B. Carruthers judged the event and stated that the winning team was very impressive.
COUNTY OF CAMBRIDGE
The County Inspection and Church Parade was held at Olll JlJlllle 13. Some 500 members paraded under Coufity Commissioner Dr. K. S. Mamrice-Smith, and they were congratulated by the Inspecting Officers on their splendid marching and general effi.ciepcy of bearing.
The parade "vas marshalled on the G.E.R. §pc:>rts GFOund by SquadroflLeader A G. Ettridge; other officers present being Asst Commissiongr 'lv. Taylor, County Supt. Mrs. Manley, County Cadet Officer Mrs. A. A. Ettridge. Led by the Ely Sea Cadet and the March Army Cadet bands, the parade marched to church whelfe the County J3rigade Colours were received by the Rector (the Rev. F. G. Breed) and placed on the altar.
Following the service the parade returned to the Sports Ground where General Sir Clive Liddell and Mrs. Girouard (Asst. Superintendent-in-Chief) inspected the pers(;mnel and presefited Service Medals to six members. Both Clive and Mrs. -Girouard assured those on parade that there was plenty of work to be done by St. John personnel.
Among those present was County Presidents Lord Fairhaven and Mrs. Fitzpatrick, amd Miss Pig®H (COt!1JjJ!ty Director, B.R.C.S.
C6UNTY OF DER B Y
Dronfield.-To celebrate the 21st anniversary of the Brigade in Dronfield, variOlaS events were hdd. A dLa:flce, a whist drive, a supper , and finally an iJ]!specti0!ID. t(i)©k ;place. At the suprer Supt. C. I. Margerrison introduced the auests, in(;Juding Mr. J. A Bennett, willo had 45 years' service in first aid, which could only be beaten by one person present-County Commissioner H. C. Chambers, who had served for 47 years. Anoutli!l!l!€ 0;£ th.e hi.storv or the Divisi(i)il was County Commissioner Chambers spoke of tihte effici.ency of the Dronfield Division, and his views were echoed by Councjllor W. F. Keeton (Chairman of the V.D.C.) and Dr. J. 'Y. Wilson. In addition to the Ambulance Division, Nursing, Ambl!11ance, and Nursing Cadet DiVisions made up the happy family . Tribute was paid to Pl:esident Mrs. H. J Rotherham Cecil who, with other benefactors, made it possible for the Brigade to purchasethe old Dronfieid U.D.C. offices for a permanent headquarters.
COUNTY OF HAMPSHIRE
Bournemouth -Members 0;£ the Bournemouth Corps were honoured by a visit from the District Commissioner of Malta, Colonel J. V. Abela, who, accompanied by the Mayor (Councillor J. Vi. Moore), Asst. Commissioner Major J. A. Coghlan, and Major Tennyson-Smith, inspeeted the Ambulance, Nursing, and Cadet Divisions. The Mayor welcomed ColoJllel Abela to Bournemouth and spoke of the esteem in which the gallant island of Malta was held not only by Bournemouth but by the whole of the country. Colonel Abela in reply said he was happy to be visiting Bournemouth. He thanked the Mayor for his remarks and stated that rt:h.e No.2 (Cotoner) Corps in Malta were deligmted to be affiliated to the Bourne-
mouth Corps . He read a letter from Corps Supt G. Gatt (Malta) to the i!3(i)urnemouth Corps
The Transport Section 0;£ the Corps was also inspected, and Colonel Abela completed his tour of inspection by a visit to the beach huts at Bournemouth and Boscombe. Here we were able to see the Brigade in action as personNel on duty were in each instance engaged in rendering assistance to serious cases.
Those present included the Mayoress, County Officers A. J. Cufiand, Miss B . Hyla-Greves, Major G A. Morant, Corps Surgeon C. Heygate, Corps Supts. "'IV. J. Trew and Miss W. Aish, and other olncers and members of the Council.
COUNTY OF KENT
On . Sunday, June 20, the Chief Commissioner, Lieut.-General Sir Henry Pownall, accompanied by Lady DunbarNasmith (Deputy Superintendent-inClrtef) carried out the first post-war inspection of the Kentish Ambulance and Nursing personnel at Herne Bay. Some 1,400 men and women, together with a small contingent of Ambulance and Nursing Cadets, under County Commissioper J olm H. Day, presented a smart appearance along the sea front when the Chief C(i)mmissioner and Lady DunibarNasmith arrived to the sounding of the General Salute by the Isle of Sheppey Cadet Band. Following the inspection and the march past, the whole of the parade attended a special service at St. J olm's Church at which the Vicar, the Rev. E. Roberts, gave an address.
At the completion of the service the parade reformed and marched to the Pier Pavilion, where tea was provided by the Herne Bay Council.
Day thanked the inspecting officers for their presence and extended gratitude to the Mayor of Herne Bay (Councillor S. G. Brealy) and the Council for the hospitality extended to the Brigade.
The Chief Commissioner congratulated the members on their smartness which was some of the best he had seen. He referred to the drop in numbers of the Brigade, but in spite of this there was more work being done than in the past. He expressed pleasu!lfe at th e iNcrease in the membership of the Cadet Movement.
Lady DU!nbar-Nasmith extended thanks to the members for undertaking a]l branches of Br igade work, including the , Old People's Home which sl1.e had visited that day. She congratulated the parade aI'ld comp[imented the Nursing personnel on their turn-out.
people of the parish at their local headquarters
Mattisham.-Asst. Commissioner Dr. W . M. Rut l edge , C01il[ilty Supt., DiF . May Rutledge, and County Secretary Mrs. Yu ll were among those who attended the sucoessful jumble and fancy sal e held by the Mattisham Division.
Rudham.-Asst. Commissioner C. B. Andrews, who was introduced by Div. Surgeon R. N. McClllrdy, opened the proceedings at the fete held by th€ East Rudlocam DivisiON.
Fakeuham.-By invitation of Diy. Surgeon G K Arthur and Mrs. A.rthur th€ a'01!lual inspectioJ'l. of the Ambmlance and! Ambulance Cadet Divisions took place iJ'l. the grounds of The Oaks. County Commissioner Sir Thomas Cook was the inspecting officer, and he presented Service Medals to Supt. A K Doy and Corpl. J. Clarke. Mrs. Arthur presented awards and certificates. Those present included Lady Cook (County President), Asst. Commissioner Andrews, and Divis ional officers.
COUNTY OF LEICESTER
Meltou Mowbray .-Amb. Officer J. Foster (Divisional Il1lstructor), since the formation of the Division 12 years ago, and Mr. R. Gates, treasurer for 10 years, were recently presented with a cjgarette case and a pipe respectively by Div. Surgeon G. John at the annual meeting.
COUNTY OF NOTTINGHAM
Some 3£0 Amblilance, Nursing, and Cadet personnel attended the annual church parade of the Southern Sub-Area held on June 20 at the Parliament Street Methodist Church, Nottingham. The parade was headed by the N Qttingham Corps Cadet Band, and the service conducted by th.® Rev. Cyril Wainwright Supt. W. L. Ashmore read the lesson. Corps Supt. S. Ibbotson was in command of the parade with Corps Officer E. Perry as adjutant. Those present included the Lord Mayor an d Lad y Mayoress of Nottingham, County Officers Dr. J Cohen, G. G. Lodge, Mrs. E. Paling, Miss A. K. Adam and Miss Lee, County Cadet Offioers J. Swamvick and Mrs. H. Vigrass, County Cadet Vice-President Mrs. LOllldsay Woods and Corps Supt. F "'IVilson Mould's. The Lord Mayor aft€rwards took the salut€ at the march past.
Harworth ColIiery.-At a supper held in his honour, Mr. VV. Knight, who has resigned from the position of Corps Superintendent of the Colliery Corps, was COUNTY OF NORFOLK presented with an electric dock by Corps Heviugham -The Nursing Divisio1ll. or- Officer VV. G. Oldfield as an expression of galllized ' a successful pa:rty :for tihe old thanks from the m€m1gers. A se(f;(i)l1ld 211
presentation was made to Dr. P. J. Quigley. Those present included A/Commissioner G. E. Hardy, Officer L. Ward-Walters, Mr. W. H. Sansom, and other officials of the N.C.B.
Stapleford.-County Officer Dr. Cohen, County Officer Miss E. Paling, County Cadet Officers Swan wick and Mrs. Vigrass carried out the inspection of the Ambulance, Nursing, and Cadet personnel of the Stapleford and Sandiacres and Beeston Divisions. During the inspection the Service Medal was presented to Amb. Officer Mrs. Goodman.
COUNTY OF SOMERSET
Bridgwater,.-At the annual meeting of the Bridgwater Division, Supt. 13. Radford announced that the services of the Brigade were to be retained by the Somerset County Council and he hoped that the voluntary spirit would continue to give a 24-hour service. The annual report showed that the three ambulances had conveyed 887 patients travelling 17,901 miles. Road accidents showed a drop of 36. Other reports were given on the Nursing, Ambulance, and Nursing Cadet Divisi0ns.
Asst. Commissioner A. '\i\Tevell presemted Service CheVI'ons and afterwards spoke of the commencement of the Brigade in Bridgwater. County Supt. Dr. Danby congratulated the Division on its spl<mdid record and said it was pleasing to see a " complete family". County Cadet Officer Thomas presented a Grand Prior's Badge to .Cadet Hill, thus bringing the te>tal in Bndgwater to four, the highest number in anyone Division in the C(!mnty.
COUNTY OF STAFFORD
Tipton.- combined annual inspectIon of the TIpton and West Bromwich/ Smethwick Corps was held on June 20 under the command of A/Corps Supt. F. R. J. Jeffery. Led by the Smethwick Cadet Band the parade marched to the ground where County CommISSIOner Capt F. L. Richard and County Supt. Mrs. V. J. Penny carried out the iIlfspection. Other members (1)f the C@lilnty Staff were also present. The visitors in.eluded Sir Hugh Chance, MayQlr of TIpton, the Mayor and Mayoress of Smethwick, and various Presidents and Vice-Presidents. The Commissioner, in his address, hoped that this joint parade was a forerunner of others. Some 330 members were on parade.
for the Olympic Games and obtained a " fourth" in the yacht races at Kiel. Horsham.-County Supt. Miss Hubbard accGmpanied by County Officer Mrs. P. A. Scott and President Mrs. :Demny, carried. out the annual inspection of the Horsham Nursing Division. She congratulated the Division on a substantial increase in membership and the members fine turn-out. Realistic demonstrations were given under the Supt. Miss M. E. Young. Div. Surgeon D. O. Williams and Nursing Officer M. E. Gardner also assisted. Mrs. Denny, on behalf of the Division, presented Amb. Sister Mrs. F. Sayers with a silver fruit , bowl as she is shortly leaving for Canada.
COUNTY OF WARWICK
The anNual inspection of the Ambulance, Nursing, and Cadet personnel of the County of Warwick was held at Rugby on June 5, when Col. Sir James Sleeman, Chief Commissioner, Brigade Overseas, accompanied by Lady Dunbar-Nasmith, was the Inspecting Officer. Officers and men paraded in the Fair Ground and marched tQ the Recreation Ground under the c®mmamd 0f Asst. Commissioner G. J. F?wleF. Here the salute was taken by SIT James, and each section of the Brigade Ambulance, Nursing, Ambulance Cadets' and Nursing Cadets was headed by Cadet Band, the music from which proved most excellent.
After the march past the General Salute was given and Sir James inspected the men and Amb.ulance whilst Lady Dunbar -NasmIth carned out a similar function with the Nursimg and Nursing Cadet personnel.
Addressing the parade, Sir James congratulated them on their good work, and Lady Dunbar -Nasmith thanked the members for their cONtinued efforts in St. John work.
On behalf of the Brigade Overseas in Wanganui, New Zealand, Sir James Sleeman presented the Wanganui Shield to the CIty of Coventry Division as a ma:k of affectioI?- from them to the City WhI:h had receIved a 'heavy bombing dunng the late waF. Winners of the County competitions, the winner of the runner -hlp prize in the Cadet Musicians Cup competition, the County and Regional Cadet Drama team were presented to the Inspecting Officers who offered congratulations on their fine efforts.
Those who aCGompanied the Inspecting COUNTY OF SUSSEX Officers were the Mayor and Mayoress of Rugby, County President The Han. Mrs. Div. Su:geon K. L. Keith, of Little- iL.. C. S. iFihr(1)Y C01!l!nty S'I!lpt. hampton , IS to take part the Olympic MISS 0rtoiflJ, an@. o>til.OJJeF lilTherntwers of 'the Games tria:ls, with Lieut.-Commander J. C. C t St iiI C Grattan, m the 24 f t "St "I oun y a. OhlID,ty C@:rmmissbmer Major - 00 ar c ass E. S Phillips expressed thaNks ;to the racmg yacht. In 1936 Dr. KeIth entered Inspecting Officers for their presence.
212
JIriart! for
Headquarters: Priory House, 4 Cathedral Road, Cardiff. GENER.AL INTER.EST ceilor), seconded by Lt.-Col. E. J. Trevor Cory (Hospitaller of Bridgend). At the St. John's Day in Walas.-The Earl of close of Chapter the members were the Powis presided as Prior over the annual guests of the Lord Mayor at luncheon. meeting of the Chapter lleld in the In the Assembly Room of the City Hall Council Chamber of the City Hall on the over eight hundred members and morning of June 24, when the proceed- supporters of the Order met in the ings were opened with prayers read by afternoon for the General Assembly at the Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of which the Prior held an Investiture of St. Asaph, a Sub-Prelate of the Order. members promoted in and admitted to Fqllowing the Prior's address SiJ.; Robert the OFder on the nomination of the Priory Webber expressed on behalf of Chapter for Wales during the years birthday congratulations to Lord Powis The entry of the Aldermen and Counand referred to the Priory's appreciation cillors in their robes was followed. by the of the honour bestowed upon Lord Powis in Chapter procession, the members, wearing his appointment as Bailiff Grand Cross, the the picturesque mantles of the Order, highest grade of membership in the Order. taking their seats on the platform, The Treasurer, Mr. Bernard E. Brown, above which in the Minstrels' Gallery presented a statement on the financial the Welsh Ladies' Choir in national position, and moved the adoption of the costume added further colour to the accounts and balance sheet for 1947, scene. The Prior's Procession entered in which was seconded by the Assistant the following order: The Dire<i:tor of Treasurer, Mr. H. B. Meredith, and passed. Ceremonies (Capt. Geoffrey Crawshay), In calling upon Dr. D. Rocyn Jones, The Ch.aplain (Canon T. M. Hughes), C.B.E., to submit a report as Director of The Sub-Prelate (The Right Rev. the Ambulance, the Prior congratulated him Lord Bishop of St. Asaph), the Sword upon the knighthood just conferred upon Bearer (Capt. J. M. Carey), The Prior him by H.M. the King. In his statement, (the Earl of Powis), the Deputy Lord Dr. Rocyn Jones referred to the return Mayor of Cardiff (Councillor James of enthusiasm for First Aid, particularly Walker), the Town Clerk (S. Tapper in industry. The St. John Ambulance Jones, Esq.), the Principal SeGretary Brigade, with a membership of 15,200 (the Hon. John H. Bruce), and the in ·Wales, had increased in numbers on Assistant Director of Ceremonies (His the Cadet side and in the number of Honour Judge Temple Morris). cases treated-just on 60,000 being Addressing General Assembly, the recorded. If anyone doubted the need Prior said: "It affords me very much fat an organization like the Order of pleasure, Mr. Deputy Mayor, to have St. John when the National Health your presence on this platform in C0mService Act came into force, he would pany with the members of our Chapter. lij{e to remind them that in the realm of The Priory for Wales has very close conFirst Aid the vast army of voluntary nections with the City of Cardiff, in which workers would continue to find a field our Headquarters have been located since in which valuable service could be rendered the establishment of the Priory in 1918; - to the community. and we have been greatly indebted to the Colonel W. Talbot Woods gave the Corporation for the facilities so generously report of the Director of Transport on placed at «.lUr disposal for holding annually the Priory's MotoF Ambulance Transport meetiJngs th.e Chapter amI Service, which had provided service of Assembly Qf the Priory. It is most fitting a progressively high standard of efficiency that a membership drawn fr<;;)m the whole and comfort during the course of the past Principality should meet in a Hall which 29 years for 348,000 sick and injured has been the scene of so many gatherings persons. Viscount Tredegar, as Almoner connected' with the life of Wales. In reported on the 159 Medical Comforts common with other countries of Europe, Depots in Wiles from which 16,000 articles Wales was anciently represented in a of invalid equipment had been issued on brotherhood of Arms which le>oked to the loan during 1947. Capt. W. ]. Canton Holy land as a focus of idealism in the recorded gins to the Primy Library and of Religion; aned we are grateful MuseMm, lim the regreUe@l abse!l!lce @f the fQ;> the in the hi.story of the Libra1i!i.am, Stir Leo:Qard Tw!i.s;t(i)!Il-Davies, jpast givem to us in the Chronicles of the dme to indisposition. A vote of thanks Order recently produced by Frofessor to the Prior for ,presiding was proposed by William Rees. For 400 years the ComCapt. Geoffrey Crawshay (Vice-Chan- manderies of Slebech, Dinmore, and 213
Halston forged a link across the Marches with the Commandery of Clerkenwell and the Priories of England, ScotlanclJ, and Ireland till the Reformation closed a not ingforious c11apter iF.l, our naticmal history. The revival o:fi the O'Fder 100 years ago and the restoration of its ancient home at St. J olm's Gate had a happy sequel in the establishment of a Priory for '\iVales with headquarters at Cardiff. It is ,;vith great pleasure that I see so many members of the Order here to-day notwith£tanding the difficulties and inconvenience of present day travelling' and let us be grateful and appreciative of the chivalrous devotion of so many Qf our citizens to voluntary £ervice. The wide field of First Aid and Home Nursing had afforded, in an age prone to accident and sudden illness, scope to countless men and women, boys and girls, to equip themselve£ in readiness for every emergency. I t is still left to the Order of St. John to playa similar role to that of the Knights Hospitallers and Serving Brothers of old. The St. John Ambulance Association and Brigade to-day pFovide the country mih a disciplined umi:fiQrID€d force of First Aiders and Ambulance Sister£ ready at all times to give instant help in cases of accident or sudden illness, and who in time of war are ranged with the defenders of hearth and home, yet in time of peace are free to come and go as volunteers in the cause of humanity. Though much that was formerly undertaken by voluntary service is to be undertaken by the State there still remaim much that can be done by vohmtary enterprise. Ambulance Transport, Medical Comforts Depots, and First Aid are cases in point where our manpower and re£tDurces can still be!enlisted to good e:fffeet."
Following the Prayers by the Lord Bishop, the Prior read the Exhortation be:fiore investing 2 Dames, 1 Chaplain, 9 Co:mmander (Brothers), 3 Commander (Siste["s), 32 Officer (Brothe:rs), 5 Officer (Sisters!, 41 Serving Brothers, and 10 Serving Sisters . The Deputy Lord Mayor, who presented 6 Vellum and 44 Priory Votes of Thanh, spoke of the magnificent work of the St . John organization arid the dignity of voluntary service. The Brigade Secretary, Mr. William D. Mabon Abraham, received the Service Medal of the OJ"der with Palm Leaf at the hands of the Prior, who presented also Grand Prior's Cadet Badges to members of the Celynen Collieries Cadet Ambulance and Tredegar Cadet Nursing Division.
CENTRE REPORTS
CARMARTHENSHIRE
It has 'become customary for the Brigade in Carmarthenshire to mark St. John's Day by a Church Parade on the nearest Sunday to June 24. This year the Commissioner, D. Cecil ,\iVilliams, accepted the invitation of the Vicar to visit the Llanelly Pari£h Church, where a special ]orm of service was arranged. The parade assemibled at the Drill HaH and marched to the Church under the direction of Corps Supt. D. T. Jones, assisted by County Sergt.-Major Haddon Evans. After the Service the Mayor of Llanelly (Councillor D. J. Joseph), accompanied by the Mayoress, carried out an inspection of the parade.
CARDIGANS HIRE
The annual competitions were held at Adpar, Newca£tle Emlyn. The County Chairman, Mr. W. Reginald Lloyd, presio1.ed, supported by Commissioner
OPENING OF THE MERTHYR AMBULANCE HALL.
Seated in front, Asst. Commissioner Melbourne Thomas, The Hon J. H. Bruce (Principal Secretary and Commissioner for Wales), the Deputy Mayor (Councillor W. W. Herbert), Borough Commissioner Capt. W. J. Canton, the Hon. Mrs. J. B. Bmce (Asst. LCliilly Superintendent for Wales).
Brig.-General L. P. Evans, YC., Asst. Commissioner W J. Jones, Chief Constable, a:m.d others
The Ladies' Shielo1. (presented by Ald. Mrs. J Lewis Evans) was won. by the Aberystwyth Nursing Team, Lampeter and Adpar taking second and third places. The Trawscoed Shield was competed for by four ambulance teams, the winners being Aberystwyth. Thanks were expres£ed to the Judges.
GLAMORGAN
Joint Inspection.-Dr. Edgar Llewellyn, Surgeon-in-Chief for Wales, conducted the inspection of a combined parade of units in the two County Areas-Pontypridd and Llantrisant and District at the Ynysanghared Park, Pontypridd, on June 19. County Officer H. Clift was in charge of the parade. The Inspecting Officer, who was accompanied hy Capt. F. P. Robathan, M.C., Assistant Commissioner for Cardiff, commended those present on their continued efficiency and appealed for a strong recruiting effort Barry County Area.-The summer season is again making the usual heavy demands upon the time and energies of the Ambulance and Nursing Divisions in Barry to maintain the First Aid Hut on the island. In a report which appeared in the press of a new scheme advocated by the Barry local authorities to rid the sands of broken glass, Councillor H. W. Durman suggested that a visit to this St. John Station would show the amount of pain and suffering caused to children by the careless disposal of glass receptacles, concluding his remarks with this tribute to the Brigade: "vThat we would 01.0 without these volunteer ambulance workers I don't know."
work of the Corps, Capt. Canton said that the Order of St. John would always have an important function to fulfil. Assistant Commissioner Honoured.A social evening was 11Lelo1. to celebrate the re-opening of the Abergavenny Ambulance Hall after decorations and to congratulate Mr. H J. Lewis on his promohon to the appointment of Assistant Commissioner. Presenting an illuminated address to Mr. Lewis as a token of appreciation of his services to the Abergavenny Division, the Mayor said it was fitting that the civic head of the Borough should be associated with a presentation which brought honour to Abergavenny. He had !intimate kIT1lo'\lvledge of tliJ:1e excellent servioe rendered by Mr. Lewis and Abergavenny was pwud of its St. John organization.
Mrs. A. \iVhitehead, Hon. President, who was warmly thanked for her contribution of £100 towards the cost of redecoration of the hall, pres(mted warrants of appointment and Lady Corps Supt. Mrs. E. M. Brown distributed First Aid certificates.
Amb. Officer J. F Thurston referred to the increasing service of the motor ambulance maintained by the Division, which had carried 205 cases during the first quarter of the present year. An interesting account of the past year's work of the Nursing Division was given by Lady Div. Supt. Mrs. Noel Jenkins.
BOROUGH OF MERTHYR TYDFIL
The Merthyr Borough Division, formed as far back as 1906, achieved its ambition to acquire a home of its own on Jung 5, when the official opening of the new hall was performeo1. by the Hon. John H. Bruce (Principal Secretary and ComMONMOUTHSHIRE missioner for vVales). The Rector of Inspection at Monmouth.-A large Merthyr (the Rev. A. Lloyd Jones) number of spectators watched the parade dedicated the building; and the Deputy of ambulance personnel of the Silurian Mayor (Councillor C. Stanfield) presided County Area Inspection, which was con- over the proceedings. ducted by Capt. '\iV. J. Canton, Ll.B., The Hon. John Bruce spoke in terms of Commissioner for the Borough of Merthyr high praise of tke work of the Borough Tydfil, on May 29, at the Rolls Hall, CommissiONer, Capt. W. J. Canton, Ll.B., Monmouth. AccompanyiIillg the Insijpecti!l!lg .and presented Service WIedals and Officer at the saiuti.ng base were Asst. Warrants of Appointment. Capt. Canton, Commissioner H. J. Lewis, County thanking the Commissioner for Wales Officer S. C. Morgan, Lady County Officer for performing the opening ceremony T. O. Davies, and Major A. Reade and the Hon. Mrs. Bruce for accompany(President of Monmouth Division). ing him, expressed the hope that the Capt. Canton stressed the importance possession of the Hall would be an of drill and discipline and spoke of the incentive to further efforts. He welcomed voluntary way in which they had ex-Corps Supt. David Jones and ex-Corps submitted to such discipline, at the same Supt. Miss S. Vfilliams, both of whom had time realizing that tlliley were making returned to Merthyr for the ceremonythemselves better fitted to @e of selfvice the culmination of efforts in which they to their fellow men. He urged that had participated. He assured tihe Deputy schools should play a greater part in Mayor that the Division woutd always recruiting. Referring to the Nationa[ be at the service of the Local Authority Health Act and its influence on the future in carrying out the objects of the Order.
215
INTERESTING CASE REPORTS
CASE REPORT No. 349.-Th€ Officer-in-Charge of the County of Somerset, S.].A.B., reports the efficient perform.ance.of first aid by a member of the Bath Nursing Cadet Division in the fonowmg ClrCl!lmstances :-
On Wednesday, May 19, Nursing Cadet Sergeant Dorothy Hooper was passmg the G.W.R. Station, Bath, on her way home from. duty at the Bath Races. There a porter summoned her to the assistance of of 9 who had fallen o,,:"er a kitbag in the station doorway, while hurrymg WIth hIS parents .to catch a tralI:. Miss Hooper found that the child's nose and mouth .wer€ bleedmg that hIS arm was injured. She carried him across to the StatIon .Hotel OPP'.osIte,. cleaned up his face and mouth and, suspecbng a fractme, ihIS arm. up 11l and bandages. The child then became frightened at the Idea of gomg to ambulance, which Miss Hooper wished to summon. She ther efore hIred a and took the patient, with his father, "to hospital, with a request to the taXI driver to drive carefully. On arrival at the hospital, the House Surge on CGlmplimented Miss Hooper on the way in which the arm had been splinted, and said that he needed no telling that it was an efficient first aider who had come on the scene. Moreover, X-rays showed that Millss Hooper's diagnosis of a simp[e fracture of the arm was correct.
COMMENT.-This report tells its own tale, and all that remains is cordially to cong11 atuZate Nursing Cadet Sergeant Dorothy Hooper on her skilful and successful treatment of a gravely injured boy.-N. CORBET FLETCHER.
CASE REPORT NQ. 350.-The Officer-in-Charge of the County of Jersey, S.].A.B., reports the efficient performance of first aid by members of the Jersey Ambulance Division in the following circumstances :-
At 11.40 p.m. on June 5, a telephone message was received at the Ambulance Station to the effect that a motor-car containing five passengers had gone over the cliffs at a spot known as " Geoffrey's Leap". This spot is situate some six miles from the Ambulance Station; and the call was answered so promptly that the ambulance was on the scene at I I .55 p.m. On arrival, it was ascertained that one of the passengers had escaped injury, she having been thrown clear b e fore the car took the plunge. This informed the ambulance personnel that four other passengers had glne over with the ca:f; and on investiga.tion it was found that two of the passengers had landed on a ledge about 12 feet down. The other two had gone on with the car to the rocks below. The persons on the ledge were suffering badly from shock and were afraid to move from their dangerous posWon. The ambulance driver, Pte. C. Gorvel, immediately went to their assistance by means of a rope made from blankets. With the assistance of the bearer, Pte. A. E. Renouf, these unfortunate people were removed from their precarious position and made comfortable. The search now b e gan for the other two passengers and eventually, after a most difficult descent, they were discovered on the rocks, together with the wreckage of the car, about 50 feet below where the car had taken the plunge It was now well past midnight and very dark, but the ambulance personnel were able to diagnose suspected fractures of spine, humerus, radius, and ulna in the case of one patient, and fractured patella and severe abrasions of the right arm in that of the other patient. The driver was left to cCj.rry on with the first aid treatment, splinting fractures, etc., whilst the bearer ascended the cliff and went for aid from an hotel near by. The police were contacted by 'phone and asked to bring out two 50 feet long rope£ and also extra assistance to help get the injured up the side of the diff. The hospital was also contacted by 'phone and told to have beds ready to receive the patients. The of .the hotel was requested tel make tea .for the injured. The party havmg now arnved from the Police Station with the ropes, the bearer again descended to assist with the bringing up of the casualties. The stretchers having been stiffened, the hauling up was executed as follows-:-The ropes were tied to each end of the stretchers, with sufficient rope left to tie around the waists of the two ambulance men. The stretchers and patients were then hauled up
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217
the cliff side in the horizontal position, while the driver and bearer were hauled up at the same time, they using their feet to keep the stretchers away the side of the cliff. As will be realized, two descents had to be made. The patIents were quickly transferred to hospital, where the doctQY was waiting to receive them. The ambulance men looked a sony sight 000 returning to the Ambitllance Station, as it had been raining the whole time and. their uniforms lo oked the worse for wear and tear. They were, indeed, in a very muddy condition, but th ey were quite happy in the knowledge of another job well done.
COMMENT.-The facts being as stated, Ptes. C GO'Yvel and A. E. Renouf me'Yit cordial congratulations on the part which they played in the rescue and t'Yeatment of the victims of this serious accident and which was in strict accordance with the highest traditions of the Brigade.-N. C. F.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Treatment of Crush Injury
E. G. our Annual Re-examination last week the SurgeonExaminer tried to impress on us the need to administer fluids freely in cases of crutch injury. This advice has confused most of our members, of whom a fair number are miners, and who are thinking mainly of cases suffering from internal injuries. In treatment of such patients the teaching of the Black Book is that no fluids may be given. Will you please be kind enough to give a ruling on this point?
When d'Yafting the instructions on the treatment of internal hfEmorrhage the Revision Committee appear to have had in mind mainly bleeding within the chest and abdomen. The instructions in the Supplement to Textbook, however, refer to the treatment of a patient suffering from the effects of a heavy weight lying across a limb. From this you will see that there are two types of injury, each with its own special treatment There is, therefore, no cause for the confusion which your letter suggests.-N. C. F.
Treatment of Hcemorrhage
L. (Preston).-In a recent competition the patient was supposed to be suffenng from hcemorrhage fwm a wound in the forehead, complicated fracture of ribs with hcemorrhage from the lungs and, of course, severe shock. After the hcemorrha,ge from forehead is controlled, would it be in order to raise the feet to counteract shock or shou ld the upper part of the body be kept raised in accordance with the rule" Elevate the bleeding part"? The majority of the raised the patient's feet. Meanwhile, please accept my thanks in anticipatIon of your anS'wers to my series of queries and my appreciation of your excellent service.
If you refer to p. 24 of the Supplement to Textbook you will see that Rules I and 2 are complemen.tary to each other. I, therefore, requires that patient should be kept/tat wh'Lle Rule 2 relates t() tllte raising of the bleeding pa'Yt other than the trunk, wh'Lch 'LS to be kept fiat. The raising of the l(;)wer limbs, however, must depend on the general cGndition of the patient, and if the patient'S pulse is quiGk and weak then you would be justifi ed in raising the lower limbs as part of your treatment for shock.-N. C. F.
Hernia
P. (Dublin).-We are puzzled as to what a hernia is and what causes it. So III ?ur we turn to the Query Column of The Gazette and invoke your kmd aSSIstance once again.
A hernia, as its name signifies, ?:"suaUy consists of a protrusion oj a portion @f the through a weakened abdfJm'Lnal wall, often as the result of excessive muscuZar stram. The rupture, which shows itself as a swelling, may suddenZy oocur or it may be of old standmg. In the latter case, symptoms arise whenever bowel passes
218
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RHINO-ANTIPEOL
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OPHTHALMO-ANTIPEOL
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into the swelling. In both cases sudden pain and sickness-accompanied by an abdominal swelling usually in the groin-suggest the presence of a the possibilities of strangulation of the bow el , and the u11gent need for med'bcal advtce at the first possible m0111 ent .-N. C. F.
Centigrade and Fahrenheit Scales
L. R. (Preston).-The Nmrsing Textbook, on p. 2:20, in converting degrees Centigrade into degrees Fahrenheit reads: 100° C. = 180° F.; 10° C. = 18° F. ; and 1° C. = 1.8 ° F. Please me if these totals should not be 100° C., 212 0 F. ; 10° c., 21' 2° F.; and 1° C., 2' 12° F.
Yes-the w011ding in the Nursing Textbook is a bit vague b1ltt it does tell you that to convert degrees Centig11ade into degrees Fahrenheit y01lt 1IJ1,1I6St m1ltlttply by 9/5 and add 32. The examples quoted on p. 220 of the Textbooh iU'IItstrates the result of multiplying by 9/5 but leaves it to the student to add 32.-N. C. F.
iFreatrrment of Burst
Varkose Vein
L. R. (Preston).-The Supplement to T extbook, on p. 19, states that the new rules now supersede pp. II3-130 (to end of Rule 10) of the Textbook. This, of Gourse, cuts out the special rules of treatment of burst varicose vein.
Please tell me if a burst varicose vein is now to be treated as for any case of veno u s hcemorrhage--even in competitions! I ask this query with some bitterness! !
The Supplement has now cancelled the special tnatment for burst varicose vein as set out in the Textbook, and this condition is now to be treated by direct pressure by means of a pad and banrdage in acco'Yrdance with the 'instructions on p. 25. Incidentally, it is ex tremely unlikely that the furthe1 1 treatment set out in Rule 9, on p. 26, will be necessary. In actual fact, bleeding from a varicose vein will often cease as soon as the limb is raised high above the ground.-N. C. F.
The Conduct of Competitions '
R. B. (Reading) -Although the following queries are not concerned with first aid treatment, your views on the problems raised would be very much appreciated by myself and other first aideFs, through the medium of the Gazette.
(I) Should sepa:liate marks be give[!l for detailed items in competitiDn (Association or Brigade) markting Dr sil.n!€Hl!ld the marks b e IDu lked togetheir, i. e. a large number of marks for a section of, Dr whole of t h e t est or incident staged?
(2) Also, is it considered beneficial Dr detrimental for competitors to study the marking sheets after the competition?
Meanwhile many thanks in anticipation of your replies.
(I) When I started preparing marking sheets for competitions forty years ago, it was the custom to mark in bulk, with the result that the marking sheet would often be set out in single s h eet of notepaper. Of course, in those days there were no marks for diagnosis " and the competitors were told the injury or injuries with which they had to deal. Then, as the competitors increased their knowledge and advanced their shill in t1reating the injuries, rdead heats frequently occurred; and the jwilges realized the nece$sity for a method of discriminating fairly between several competiio'Ys who were apparently equal in their capabilities.
To-day, with the further advance in the standard of efficiency, it is extremely difficult to differentiate between the competitors unless the tests are fully solved " and this can only be done by allocating marks for everything which may be said or done. In sh011t, the tests must be solved in full detail with refe11ence to diagnosis and treatment " and consequently the item" extras" (which was a confession that test was not fully solved) has disappeared from the modern marhing sheet.
(2) The distribution of blank marking sheets after competitions' is beneficial because eompetitors can stud}')! them (JI,nd see now the Surgeon-Ex(1;miner soZvedJ the vario'llts problems of diagnosis and treatment. Competitors, however, should bear in mind there may be more than one solution of any given problem with which the judge must deal and allow proportionate marks. The danger of distributing the marked
THE ACTIVE PRINCIPLE UNDERLV,ING
