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vii
CONTENTS
12
Index
Software licences, free and open source licensing (F/OSS), and ‘software as a service’ (SaaS) Introduction Goods or services or something else? The software licence Copyright ownership The licence The EC Software Directive ‘Shrink-wrap’ licences Resale of software licences Free and open source software licensing (F/OSS) Software as a service (SaaS) Conclusions
487 488 489 498 500 503 506 508 514 517 533 538 541
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Preface
Soon after the last edition of this book was published I came across the following: The good thing with the internet is that nobody really knows what exactly will happen next. Twenty years ago there were no search engines, 15 years ago there was no YouTube. Ten years ago there were no social networks. And five years ago we had only little experiences with cloud computing. Who knows what will be in 2017 or 2022?1
Whether or not you share the view that this is a good thing, it certainly means that there is no shortage of issues to consider but, inevitably, we have had to be selective in our choice of both subject matter and examples, so we apologise if we have not covered an issue in which you have a particular interest. In common with the previous editions, this book attempts to respond both to new developments which may not have even been anticipated when the previous edition was written, and also to reflect on more longstanding legal issues. We are grateful to the editorial team at Routledge and to reviewers for their comments on previous editions and have tried to take these into account in preparing this edition as we continued to overhaul and restructure the contents. One specific change is that the original chapter on criminal law has now been split into two to allow a separate consideration of content crime. Where possible we have also used case studies to illustrate significant issues. As before, the book is primarily aimed at undergraduate and postgraduate law students. Against that background, it will hopefully provide reassurance that a detailed knowledge of the technology is unnecessary to an understanding of the legal issues. Where some rudimentary understanding is helpful, minimum technical explanations have been included. The book may also prove both useful and of interest to computer scientists, who increasingly have to consider the wider implications for their discipline. We remain excited by the challenges which information communications technology continues to pose for established legal frameworks and regulation and are hopeful that we have communicated this to the reader. Diane Rowland January 2016
1 Kleinwachter, W, ‘Internet governance outlook 2012: cold war or constructive dialogue?’ (2012) 17(1) Comms L 14, 18.
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Table of cases
1–800 Flowers Inc v Phonenames Ltd [2000] ETMR 369 . . . 66 1–800-Flowers Inc v Phonenames [2000] FSR 697 . . . 179 555–1212com, Inc v Communication House Intern, Inc, 157 F Supp 2d 1084 (ND Cal 2001) . . . 187 2001 White Castle Way, Inc v Glyn O Jacobs, WIPO Case No D2004–0001 . . . 199
A A&M Records Inc v Napster Inc 239 F 3d 1004 (9th Cir 2001) . . . 122, 144, 146, 147, 150, 151 AB v Ministry of Justice [2014] EWHC 1847 (QB) . . . 365 ACLU v Clapper 785 F.3d 787 . . . 7 ACLU v Gonzales 478 F Supp 2d 775 (ED Pa 2007) . . . 311 ACLU v Mukasey 534 F 3d 181, 207 (3rd Cir 2008) . . . 311 ACLU v Reno I 929 F Supp 824 (US DC Penn 1996) . . . 9, 308, 310, 319 ACLU v Reno II 31 F Supp 2d 473 (ED Pa 1999) US Ct App (3rd Cir 2000) . . . 310 AEG (UK) Ltd v Logic Resources Ltd [1996] CLC 265 . . . 242AIRFX.com v AirFX LLC (2012) unreported (D.Ariz. 24 August) . . . 174 ALS Scan Inc v Digital Service Consultants Inc 293 F 3d 707; 712 (4th Cir, 2002) . . . 53, 54, 55 AMF Inc v Sleekcraft Boats 599 F 2d 341, 348–349 (9th Cir 1979) . . . 187 AOL Time Warner Inc v Zuccarini, WIPO Case No D2002–0827 . . . 196 ASNEF v Administración del Estado [2011] ECR I-12181 . . . 353 AT & T Corp v Excel Communications 172 F 3d 1352 (Fed Cir 1999) . . . 468 AT&T Corp v Zuccarini, WIPO Case No D2002– 0666 . . . 196
AT&T Knowledge Ventures LP [2009] EWHC 343 (Pat); [2009] FSR 19 . . . 474 AV v iParadigms LLC 544 F Supp 2d 473 (ED VA 2008) . . . 235, 237 Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences v Network Solutions, Inc 989 F Supp 1276 (CD Cal 1997) . . . 197 Actavis UK Ltd v Merck & Co Inc [2008] EWCA Civ 444; [2009] 1 WLR 1186 . . . 474 Adams v Cape Industries plc [1990] Ch 433 . . . 68 Adams v Lindsell (1818) 1 B & Ald 681 . . . 229 Advent Systems Ltd v Unisys Corp 925 F 2d 670 (1991) . . . 492 Aeropostale Procurement Co Inc v Michael Kinsey (Claim No. FA1403001550933 (NAF 10 April 2014) . . . 212 Aerotel Ltd v Telco Holdings Ltd, Macrossan’s Patent Application [2006] EWCA Civ 1371; [2007] RPC 1 . . . 472, 473, 474 Aerotel Ltd v Wavecrest Group Enterprises [2009] EWCA Civ 400, CA; [2008] EWHC 1180 (Pat) . . . 473 Aimster Copyright Litigation, In Re 334 F 3d 643 (7th Cir 2003) . . . 147 Air India v Wiggins [1980] 2 All ER 593 . . . 29 Alappat, Re 33 F 3d 1526 (Fed Cir 1994) . . . 468 Albaforth, The [1984] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 91 . . . 60 Alexander v Railway Executive [1951] 2 KB 882 . . . 237, 510 Alfred E Weber v Dante de Cecco 1 NY Super 353, 358 (1948) . . . 265 Algemeen Dagblad v Eureka Internetdiensten (the ‘kranten.com’ case) (Case 139609/KGZA 00–846) [2002] ECDR 1 . . . 136, 478 Alibaba Group Holding Limited v Tian Shuping, Case No. HKS-1400002 (ADNDRC 21 May 2014) . . . 211
xii
TABLE OF CASES
Alice Corp Pty Ltd v CLS Bank International (2014) 45 IIC 865 . . . 468, 485 Alitalia-Linee Aeree Italiane SpA v Casinoalitalia. Com 128 F Supp 2d 340 (ED Va 2001) . . . 192 America Online v Prime Data Systems [1998] US Dist LEXIS 20226 . . . 222 America Online, Inc v AOL.org 259 F Supp 2d 449 (ED Va, 2003) . . . 64 America Online, Inc v IMS 24 F Supp 2d 548 (ED Va, 1998) . . . 222 America Online, Inc v LCGM, Inc 46 F Supp 2d 444 (ED Va, 1998) . . . 222 Amin Rasheed Shipping Corp v Kuwait Insurance Co [1984] AC 50 . . . 254 Amoudi v Brisard [2006] EWHC 1062 (QB) . . . 62 Anderson (DP) & Co v Lieber Code Co [1917] 2 KB 469 . . . 448 Anfechtung wegen Übermittlungsfehlers (OLG Hamm, 12 January, 2004, 13 U 165/03) . . . 226 Antaios Cia Naviera SA v Salen Rederierna AB [1985] AC 191 . . . 506 Apis-Hristovich EOOD v Lakorda AD Case C-545/07 [2009] ECR I–1627 . . . 480, 486 Apple Computer Inc v Computer Edge Pty Ltd (1983) 50 ALR 581; [1984] FSR 246 . . . 449 Apple Computer Inc v Franklin Computer Corp 714 F 2d 1240 (1983); 219 USPQ 762 (1983); 70 ALR Fed 153 (1983) . . . 448 Apple Computer Inc v Microsoft Corp (1994) 35 F 3d 1435 (9th Cir) 1994 . . . 456 Apple Corps Ltd v Apple Computer Inc [2004] EWHC 768 . . . 229, 252, 253, 257 Art & Allposters International BV v Stichting Pictoright (Case C-419/13), 22 January 2015 . . . 514 Arthur Guinness Son & Co (Dublin) Limited v Dejan Macesic, WIPO Case No D2000–1698 . . . 198 Arzneimittelwerbung im Internet (BGH, 30 March 2006, I ZR 24/03) . . . 29, 34 Asahi Metal Industry Co v Superior Court 480 US 102, 103 (1987) . . . 54 Ashcroft v ACLU 535 US 564 (2002) US Supreme Court . . . 310 Ashcroft v ACLU 542 US 656 (2004) . . . 310
Ashcroft v Free Speech Coalition 535 US 234 (2002) US Supreme Court . . . 327 Astron Clinica Ltd v Comptroller General of Patents, Designs and Trade Marks [2008] EWHC 85 (Pat); [2008] RPC 14 . . . 473 Atari Games Corp v Nintendo of America Inc 975 F 2d 832 (Fed Cir 1992) . . . 165, 464 Atkins v DPP [2000] 2 Cr App R 248; [2000] 1 WLR 1427 . . . 317, 318 Atlantic Underwriting Agencies Ltd v Compagnia di Assicurazione di Milano [1979] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 240 . . . 254 Attock Cement Co v Romanian Bank for Foreign Trade [1989] 1 WLR 1147 . . . 253 Attorney General of Belize & ors v Belize Telecom Ltd [2009] UKPC 10 . . . 499–501 Attorney-General’s Reference (No 1 of 1991) [1992] WLR 432, CA . . . 289 Attorney-General’s Reference (No 7 of 2000) [2001] EWCA Crim 888 . . . 438 Attorney-General’s Reference (No 5 of 2002); Re R v W [2003] EWCA Crim 1632 . . . 405 Audi AG v D’Amato 2006 WL 3392623 (6th Cir 2006) . . . 189, 191 Auktion durch Trojaner (LG Konstanz, 19 April 2002, 2 O 141/01) . . . 234, 267 Austin v CrystalTech Web Hosting 125 P 3d 389, 393 (Ariz App Div 1, 2005) . . . 99, 119 Authors Guild, The, Inc, et al v Google Inc, Case No 05 CV 8136 (SDNY) 22 March 2011 . . . 142 Autoclenz Ltd v Belcher and ors [2009] EWCA Civ 1046 . . . 226 Autonomy Corporation Ltd’s Patent Application [2008] EWHC 146 (Pat); [2008] RPC 16 . . . 473 Avery Dennison Corp v Sumpton, 189 F 3d 868 (9th Cir 1999) . . . 188, 191 Aztech Systems Pte Ltd v Creative Technology Ltd [1996] FSR 54 . . . 465
B BP Refinery (Westernport) Pty Ltd v Shire of Hasting (1978) 52 ALJR 20; (1977) 180 CLR 266 (PC) . . . 499 Backstreet Productions, Inc v Zuccarini, WIPO Case No D2001–0654 . . . 196 Baigent & anor v The Random House Group [2007] EWCA Civ 247 . . . 450
TABLE OF CASES
Baker v Selden 101 US 99 (1879); 25 L Ed 891 . . . 445, 451, 455 Bally Total Fitness Holding Corp v Faber 29 F Supp 2d 1161 (CD Cal 1998) . . . 188, 190 Bancroft & Masters, Inc v Augusta Nat Inc 223 F 3d 1082 (9th Cir 2000) . . . 180 Barcelonacom, Inc v Excelentisimo Ayuntamiento De Barcelona 330 F 3d 617 (4th Cir 2003) . . . 193, 194 Barnes v Yahoo!, Inc 565 F 3d 560 (9th Cir, 7 May 2009); amended by 570 F 3d 1096 (9th Cir, 22 June 2009) . . . 119 Barrett v Rosenthal 9 Cal Rptr 3 d 142 (Cal App 1 Dist 2004) . . . 119 Barry v Heathcote Ball & Co (Commercial Auctions) Ltd [2001] 1 All ER 944 . . . 227 Batzel v Smith 333 F 3d 1018 (9th Cir 2003) . . . 119 Bavaro Palace, SA v Vacation Tours, Inc 2006 WL 2847233 (11th Cir 2006) . . . 190 Belhadj v Security Service [2015] UKIPTrib . . . 411, 412, 418, 419 Belhadj v Straw [2013] EWHC 4111 (QB) . . . 411 Bell v Alfred Franks & Bartlett Co Ltd [1980] 1 All ER 356 . . . 352 Belupodd v WACHEM doo, WIPO Case No D2004–0110 . . . 199 Ben Ezra, Weinstein & Co Inc v America Online 206 F 3d 980 (10th Cir 2000) . . . 119 Benkharbouche v Embassy of the Republic of Sudan (Rev 1) [2015] EWCA Civ 33 . . . 60 Bensusan Restaurant Corp v King, 126 F 3d 25 (2nd Cir 1997) . . . 180 Berezovsky v Michaels [2000] 1 WLR 1004 . . . 59, 60, 61, 62 Bergin v Walsh [2015] IEHC 594 . . . 266 Bernuth Lines Ltd v High Seas Shipping Ltd, The Eastern Navigator [2005] EWHC 3020 . . . 229 BestWater International GmbH v Mebes and Potsch (Case C-348/13) (Order of 21 October 2014, CJEU) . . . 137 Beta Computers (Europe) Ltd v Adobe Systems (Europe) Ltd [1996] FSR 367; [1996] FSR 371; [1996] FSR 387 . . . 236, 492, 493, 494, 496, 509, 510, 512, 514 Beweisfragen bei Vertragsschluss in der InternetAuktion (OLG Köln, 6 September 2002, 19 U 16/02) . . . 234, 267
Bezpečnostní softwarová asociace – Svaz softwarové ochrany v Ministerstvo Kultury (BSA) (Case C-393/09) [2011] ECR I-3787 (CJEU) . . . 460 Bier v Mines de Potasse d’Alsace SA (Case 21/76) [1976] ECR 1735 . . . 56 Bignell v DPP [1998] 1 Cr App R 1 . . . 294, 404 Bihari v Gross 119 F Supp 2d 309 (SDNY 2000) . . . 188 Bilski v Kappos 130 S Ct 3218 (2010) . . . 468 Bird v Parsons, 289 F 3d 865 (6th Cir 2002) . . . 187 Blumenthal and Blumenthal v Drudge and America Online Inc 992 F Supp 44, 51 DDC (1998); US District Court (Columbia), 22 April 1998 . . . 55 Bodil Lindqvist v Kammaraklagaren (Case C-101/01) [2003] ECR I-12971, ECJ; [2004] 1 CMLR 20; [2004] QB 1014 . . . 104, 348, 365, 369, 377, 385 Bond van Adverteerders v the Netherlands Case C-352/85 [1988] ECR 2085, [16] . . . 105 Bonnier Media Ltd v Greg Lloyd Smith and Kestrel Trading Corporation 2003 SC 36 (Scotland) . . . 57, 61, 179 Bosley Medical Institute, Inc v Kremer 403 F 3d 672 (9th Cir 2005) . . . 187, 189, 190 Bowers v Baystate Technologies 320 F 3d 1317 (Fed Cir 2003) . . . 465 Bremer Öltransport GmbH v Drewy [1933] 1 KB 753 . . . 254 Brinkibon Ltd v Stahag Stahl und Stahlwarenhandelgesellschaft mbH [1982] 1 All ER 293; [1983] 2 AC 34 (HL) . . . 229, 230 Britannia Building Society v Prangley & Others (ChD) (2000) June, unreported . . . 184 British Car Auctions Ltd v Wright [1972 ] 1 WLR 1519 . . . 227 British Crane Hire Corp v Ipswich Plant Hire Ltd [1975] QB 303 . . . 236 British Estate Investment Society Ltd v Jackson (HM Inspector of Taxes) [1956] TR 397 (stamping) . . . 265 British Gas Trading Ltd v Data Protection Registrar (1998) Case DA98 3/49/2 . . . 336, 352 British Horseracing Board v William Hill (Case C-203/02) [2004] ECR I–10415; [2001] 2
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CMLR 12 (HC); [2002] ECC 24 (CA) . . . 478–481 British-Irish Rights Watch and ors v The Security Service and ors, IPT/01/62/CH . . . 414, 418 British Sugar Plc v James Robertson & Sons Ltd [1996] RPC 281 . . . 183 Brogden v Metropolitan Railway Co (1877) 2 App Cas 666 . . . 511 Brook v Hook (1871) LR 6 Exch 89 . . . 267 Brookfield Communications Inc v West Coast Entertainment Corp 174 F 3d 1036 (9th Cir 1999) . . . 176, 187 Brown Bag Software v Symanthec Corp 960 F 2d 1465 (9th Cir 1992) . . . 457 Brown v Stott [2001] 2 WLR 817 . . . 438 Brownlie v State Pollution Control Commission (1992) 27 NSWLR 78 . . . 29 Brydges (Town Clerk of Cheltenham) v Dix (1891) 7 TLR 215 . . . 234, 265 BSkyB Ltd and Sky Subscribers Services Ltd v HP Enterprise Services UK Ltd (formerly Electronic Data Systems Ltd) and Electronic Data systems LLC (formerly Electronic Data Systems Corp) [2010] EWHC 86 (TCC) . . . 266 Brydges (Town Clerk of Cheltenham) v Dix (1891) 7 TLR 215 (printing) . . . 234 Bunt v Tilley [2006] EWHC 407 (QB) . . . 101, 105, 112 Byrne v Deane [1937] 1 KB 818 . . . 103
C C More Entertainment AB v Linus Sandberg Case C-279/13 (26 March 2015) . . . 116 CBS Songs Ltd v Amstrad Consumer Electronics plc [1988] AC 1013 . . . 150 CCN Systems Ltd and CCN Credit Systems Ltd v Data Protection Registrar Case DA/90 25/49/9, unreported . . . 351 CFPH LLC’s Application [2006] RPC 5 . . . 472 CG v Facebook Ireland Ltd [2015] NIQB 11, [96] . . . 112, 113 Cable News Network LP v CNNews.com 162 F Supp 2d 484 (ED Va 2001) . . . 64 Cable News Network LP v CNNews.com 177 F Supp 2d 506 (ED Va 2001) . . . 64, 65, 186 Cable News Network LP v CNNews.com 56 Fed Appx 599 (4th Cir 2003) . . . 64
Caesars World, Inc v Caesars-Palace.com 112 F Supp 2d 502 (ED Va 2000) . . . 64 Caffrey (2003) (unreported) . . . 291 Cairo Inc v Crossmedia Services Inc WL 756610 (ND Cal, 1 April 2005) . . . 245, 237 Calder v Jones 104 SCt 1482 (1984); 465 US 783 (1984) . . . 54, 55, 57, 180, 181 Campbell v Acuff-Rose 510 US 569, L Ed 2d 500 (1994) . . . 139, 146 Campbell v Mirror Group Newspapers [2002] EWHC 499; [2003] QB 633; [2004] 2 AC 457, CA . . . 380, 381 Cantor Fitzgerald v Tradition [2000] RPC 95, HC . . . 452, 459 Capitol Records v Thomas Rassett 579 F Supp 2d 1210 (DC Minnesota 2008) . . . 158, 159 Capitol Records LLC v ReDigi Inc 934 F.Supp.2d 640 (2013) (S.D.N.Y.) . . . 514, 517 Carnival Cruise Lines Inc v Shute 499 US 585 (1991) . . . 255 Cartier International AG v British Sky Broadcasting Ltd [2014] EWHC 3354 . . . 79, 81, 82, 84, 85, 86, 87, 94, 95, 157 Caspi v Microsoft Network LLC 732 A 2d 528 (NJ Super Ct App Div 1999) . . . 235, 508 Celine Dion v Jeff Burgar, WIPO Case No D2000–1838 . . . 198 Cello Holdings, LLC v Lawrence-Dahl Companies, 89 F Supp 2d 464 (SD NY 2000) . . . 191 Century 21 Canada Limited Partnership v Rogers Communications Inc [2011] BCSC 1196 . . . 231 Chadha v Dow Jones & Co [1999] EMLR 724 . . . 60, 61 Chambers v DPP [2012] EWHC 2157 (Admin) . . . 321, 322 Chambre Nationale des Commissaires Priseurs v Nart SAS [2001] ECC 24, Tribunale de Grande Instance, Paris . . . 284 Chapelton v Barry UDC [1940] 1 KB 532 . . . 510 Cherry v Thompson 918720 LR 7 QB 573 . . . 254 Chief Constables of Humberside, Staffordshire, Northumbria, West Midlands and Greater Manchester v Information Commissioner (Secretary of State for the Home Department intervening) (Cases EA/2007/0096, 98, 99,
TABLE OF CASES
108, 127) [2010] 1 WLR 1136 . . . 351, 357, 378 Chwee King Keong v Digilandmall.com Pte Ltd [2005] 1 SLR 502 (CA; affirmed [2004] 2 SLR 594 . . . 226 Cinepoly Records Co Ltd v Hong Kong Broadband Network Ltd HCMP002487/ 2005; [2009] EIPR 48 . . . 153, 154 Circle Freight International v Medeast Gulf Exports [1988] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 427 . . . 499 Citizen Watch (China) Co, Ltd v Cheng Zhi Gang, WIPO Case No D2001–1305 . . . 178 Clearsprings Management Ltd v Businesslinx Ltd [2005] EWHC 1487 (Ch) . . . 502Coach, Inc v Koko Island LLC, Case No. LRO2013–0002 . . . 209, 210 Coca-Cola Co v Purdy 382 F 3d 774 (8th Cir 2004) . . . 189, 190, 191 Colt Industries v Sarlie (No 1) [1966] 1 WLR 440 . . . 51 Comb v Paypal, Inc 218 F Supp 2d 1165, 1172–3 (ND Cal 2002) . . . 508 Commission v Austria (Case C-189/09) (2010) . . . 425 Commission v Greece (Case C-211/09) (2009) . . . 425 Commission v Netherlands (Case C-192/09) (2009) . . . 425 Commission v Sweden (Case C-185/09) (2010) . . . 425 Commission v UK (Case C-222/94) [1996] ECR I-4025 . . . 41 Common Services Agency v Scottish Information Commissioner [2008] 1 WLR 1550; [2008] UKHL 47; [2008] 24 CLSR 565 . . . 346, 347, 349 Community Charge Registration Office of Rhondda BC v Data Protection Registrar Case DA/90 25/49/2, unreported . . . 356 Community Charge Registration Officers of Runnymede Borough Council, South Northamptonshire DC and Harrow BC v Data Protection Registrar Case DA/90 24/49/3, 4 and 5, unreported . . . 356 CompuServe v Cyber Promotions Inc 962 F Supp 1015 (SD Ohio, 1997) . . . 222 CompuServe Inc v Patterson 89 F 3d 1257 (6th Cir 1996) . . . 53 Computer Aided Design v Bolwell (1989) (unreported), 23 August . . . 458
Computer Associates v Altai (1994) 104 Yale LJ 435; (1992) 106 Harv L Rev 510; 982 F 2d 693 (2nd Cir 1992) . . . 455, 457, 458, 459 Computer Associates International v Quest Software Inc 333 F Supp 2d 688 (ND Ill 2004) . . . 530 Computer Edge Pty Ltd v Apple Computer Inc (1986) 161 CLR 171 . . . 452 Conopco Inc v McCreadie 826 F Supp 855 (1991) . . . 492 Copiepresse SCRL v Google (not yet reported) . . . 131, 135, 136, 167 Cornelius de Visser Case C-292/10 (CJEU, 15 March 2012) . . . 260 Cowan v O’Connor (1888) 20 QBD 640 . . . 229 Cox v Riley [1986] CLR 460; (1986) 83 Cr App R 54 . . . 286, 287, 291, 490 Crookes v Newton [2009] BCCA 392 . . . 115 Crookes v Newton [2011] 3 SCR 269 . . . 115 Crookes v Wikimedia Foundation Inc [2008] BCSC 1424 . . . 115 Cubby Inc v Compuserve Inc 776 F Supp 135 (SDNY 1991) . . . 15 Curtis v Chemical Cleaning and Dyeing Co [1951] 1 KB 805 . . . 499 Cuthbert (2006) unreported . . . 295 Cyber Promotions Inc v American Online Inc 948 F Supp 436 (ED Pa, 1996) . . . 222 Cyprotex Discovery Ltd v University of Sheffield [2003] EWHC 760 (TCC); [2004] EWCA Civ 380 . . . 502
D Dailymotion Case Tribunal de Grande Instance de Paris (24 October 2007) . . . 79 DaimlerChrysler v The Net Inc 388 F 3d 201 (6th Cir 2004) . . . 189 Danske Dagblades Forening (DDF) v Newsbooster [2003] ECDR 5 . . . 478 Dart v Graigslist Inc 665 F Supp 2d 961 (ND Ill 2009) . . . 119 Data Access Corporation v Powerflex Services Pty Ltd (1996) 33 IPR 194; [1997] EIPR 256; [1999] HCA 49, HC (Aus) . . . 465, 467 Data Concepts Inc v Digital Consulting Inc 150 F 3d 620 (6th Cir 1998) . . . 197 Data Protection Registrar v Amnesty International (British Section) [1995] Crim
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LR 633; (1994) The Times, 23 November . . . 383, 384 David Gilmour, David Gilmour Music Limited and David Gilmour Music Overseas Limited v Ermanno Cenicolla, WIPO Case No D2000– 1459 . . . 199 Davidson & Assocs v Jung 422 F 3d 630 (8th Cir 2005) . . . 464, 508 Davison v Habeeb [2011] EWHC 3031, [18] . . . 87, 102, 105, 113 De Freitas v Permanent Secretary of Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, Land and Housing [1999] 1 AC 69 . . . 379 Debtor, Re A (No 2021 of 1995) [1996] 2 All ER 345 . . . 266 Defender Security Company v Baxter Pike LLC, Case No LRO2013–0031 . . . 209 Defender Security Company v .HOME REGISTRY INC Case No. LRO2013–0039 . . . 209 Defontes v Dell Computers Corp WL 253560 (RI Super, 29 January 2004) . . . 237 Del Monte Corporation v Del Monte International GmbH, Case No LRO2013– 0001 . . . 209 Desktop Marketing Systems Pty Ltd v Telstra Service Company Inc [2002] FCAFC 112, Federal Court of Australia . . . 475, 483, 484 Deutscher Apothekerverband eV v 0800 Doc Morris NV (Case C-322/01) [2003] ECR I-14887 . . . 34, 42 Diageoplc v Zuccarini, WIPO Case No D2000– 0996 . . . 196 Diamond v Diehr 450 US 175 (1981) . . . 468 Digital Rights Ireland Ltd [2014] (Grand Chamber, 8 April 2014) . . . 426, 431 Direct Line Group Ltd v Direct Line Estate Agency Ltd [1997] FSR 374 (Ch D) . . . 182 Directmedia Publishing GmbH v AlbertLudwigs-Universitat Freiburg (Case C-304/07) [2008] ECR I–7565; (2009) 31 EIPR 151 . . . 480 Director General of Fair Trading v First National Bank [2001] UKHL 52; [2002] 1 All ER 97 . . . 241 Disney Enterprises, Inc v Zuccarini, WIPO Case No D2001–0489 . . . 196 DPP v Bignell [1998] Crim LR 53; [1998] 1 Cr App R 1 . . . 294, 404
DPP v Collins [2006] UKHL 40 . . . 321 DPP v Lennon [2006] EWHC 1201 (Admin); (2005) Wimbledon Youth Court, 2 November . . . 276, 295 DPP v Stonehouse [1978] AC 55 . . . 29 Dodd v Wilson [1946] 2 All ER 691 . . . 494, 495 Doe v GTE Corp 347 F 3d 655, 660 (2003) . . . 119 Donner (Free Movement of goods) Case C-5/11, [2012] EUECJ (21 June 2012) . . . 38, 58 Donoghue v Allied Newspapers Ltd [1938] Ch 106 . . . 450 Donohue v Armco Inc [2001] UKHL 64 . . . 253 Douglas v District Court, ex rel Talk America Inc 495 F 3d 1062 (9th Cir, 2007) . . . 237 Douglas v Hello (No 5) [2003] EMLR 31 . . . 380 Dow Jones & Co Inc v Jameel [2005] EWCA Civ 75 . . . 62, 63 Dow Jones & Co v Gutnick [2002] HCA 56, High Court of Australia . . . 41, 61, 69, 320, 370 Dow Jones & Co v Harrods Ltd 237 F Supp 2d 394 . . . 60 Dramatico Entertainment Ltd v British Sky Broadcasting Ltd [2012] EWHC 268 (Ch) . . . 146, 155 Druyan v Jagger 508 F Supp 2d 228 (SYNY 2007) . . . 233, 235, 237 Duke of Brunswick v Harmer (1849) 14 QB 184 . . . 60, 62, 90 Duns Licensing Associates LP (T 154/04) . . . 473 Durant v FSA [2004] FSR 28; [2003] EWCA Civ 1746 . . . 344, 345, 346, 347, 358, 359, 360 Dynamische Dokumentengenerierung, 22 April 2010; Bundesgerichtshof Xa ZB 20/08 . . . 471
E E & J Gallo Winery v Spider Webs Ltd 286 F 3d 270 (5th Cir 2002) . . . 191 Easygroup IP Licensing Ltd v Sermbezis [2003] All ER (D) 25 . . . 184 easyJet Airline Co. and others v Tim Dainty [2002] FSR 6 . . . 184
TABLE OF CASES
e-bay v Bidder’s Edge 100 F Supp 2d 1058 (ND Cal 2000) . . . 130 eBay International AG v Creative Festival Entertainment Pty Limited (ACN 098 183 281) [2006] FCA 1768 . . . 239 eDate Advertising and Martinez Joined Cases C-509/09 and C-161/10 [2011] ECR I-10269 . . . 42, 56, 261 Edem v Information Commissioner [2014] EWCA Civ 92 . . . 347 Eider, The [1893] P 119 . . . 254 Einsatz eines Bietagenten (AG Hannover, 7 September 2001, Az 501 C 1510/01) . . . 231 Electronics Boutique Holdings Corp v Zuccarini 56 USPQ 2d 1705 (ED Pa, 2000) . . . 196 Eleftheria, The [1970] P 94 . . . 253 Eli Lilly & Co v Natural Answers, Inc, 233 F 3d 456, 462 (7th Cir 2000) . . . 187 Eli Lilly & Company Limited v Stop Huntingdon Animal Cruelty [2011] EWHC 3527 (QB) . . . 438 Ellis v DPP [2001] EWHC Admin 362 . . . 294 Ellison v Robertson 357 F 3d 1072 (9th Cir 2004) . . . 122 Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc v Zuccarini, WIPO Case No D2000–0330 . . . 196 Entores Ltd v Miles Far Eastern Corp [1955] 2 QB 327 (CA) . . . 229, 253 Erven Warnink BV v J Townend and Sons (Hull) Ltd [1979] 2 All ER 927 . . . 184 Esbester v United Kingdom (18601/91) (1994) 18 EHRR CD 72 . . . 409, 417 Eurodynamics Systems v General Automation Ltd (1988) (unreported), 6 September . . . 492, 496 Euromarket Designs Inc v Crate & Barrel Ltd 96 F Supp 2d 824 (NDIll, 2000) . . . 54, 179 Euromarket Designs Inc v Peters and Crate & Barrel Ltd [2000] EWHC 179 (Ch); [2001] FSR 20, HC . . . 65, 66, 179, 370 Evans v Hoare [1892] 1 QB 593 . . . 265 Ex p Dryden (1893) 14 NSWR 77 . . . 265 Excelentisimo Ayuntamiento de Barcelona v Barcelona.com Inc 330 F 3d 617 (US Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit (2003)) . . . 201 Express, LLC v Sea Sunset, LLC, Case No. LRO 2013– 0022 . . . 209 Ezsias v Welsh Ministers [2007] EWHC 815 (QB) . . . 359
F FCC v Pacifica Foundation 438 US 726 (1978) . . . 308, 309, 310 FTC v Zuccarini 2002 US Dist LEXIS 13324 (ED Pa Apr 10 2002) . . . 196 Facebook Inc v Radoslav Claim Number: FA1308001515825, NAF. . . 211 Fadal Machining Centers LLC v Compumachine Inc WL 6254979 (9th Cir 4 December 2011) . . . 236 Faegre & Benson LLP v Purdy, 70 USPQ 2d 1315 (D Minn 2004) . . . 190 Fair Housing Council of San Fernando Valley v Roommates.com 521 F 3d 1157 (9th Cir 2008) . . . 74, 119, 120, 123, 124 Feist Publications Inc v Rural Telephone Service Co 113 L Ed 2d 358 (1991) US Supreme Court . . . 136, 457, 475, 476, 483 Feldman v United Parcel Service Inc WL 800989 (SDNY, 24 March 2008) . . . 233, 238 Ferdinand v MGN Ltd [2011] EWHC 2454 (QB) . . . 381 Ficker v Tuohy 305 F Supp 2d 569 (D Md 2004) . . . 195 Field v Google 412 F Supp 2d 1109 . . . 138, 139 Finn.no AS v North Sound Names et al, Claim No. FA1405001558494 (NAF 25 May 2014) . . . 212 First Sport Ltd v Barclays Bank plc [1993] 3 All ER 789 . . . 267 Firstpost Homes Ltd v Johnson [1995] 1 WLR 1567 . . . 265, 266 Fisher v Bell [1961] 1 QB 394 . . . 224 Fixtures Marketing v Organismos prognostikon agonon podosfairou AE (Case C-444/02) [2004] ECR I–10549; [2005] 1 CMLR 16, ECJ judgment 9 November 2004; [2005] 1 CMLR 16 . . . 478, 479, 482 Fixtures Marketing v Oy Veikkaus Ab (Case C-46/02) [2004] ECR I–10365, ECJ judgment 9 November 2004 . . . 479, 482 Fixtures Marketing v Svenska Spel (Case C-338/02) [2004] ECR I–10497, ECJ judgment 9 November 2004 . . . 479, 482, 486 Fleetboston Financial Corp v Fleetbostonfinancial.com, 2001 US Dist LEXIS 4797 (D Mass Mar 27, 2001) . . . 193
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Football Association Premier League Ltd v QC Leisure [2011] ECDR 11 [186] . . . 133, 135 Football Association Premier League Limited v British Sky Broadcasting Limited [2013] EWHC 2058 (Ch) . . . 155 Football Dataco Ltd v Brittens Pools Ltd [2010] EWHC 841 (Ch) . . . 482 Football Dataco Ltd & Ors v Sportradar GmbH & Anor (Case C-604/10); [2011] OJ C 89/14; [2011] EWCA Civ 330 . . . 67, 370, 477, 481, 482 Ford Motor Co v 2600 Enterprises 177 F Supp 2d 661 (ED Mich 2001) . . . 189 Ford Motor Co v Catalanotte 342 F 3d 543 (6th Cir 2003) . . . 191 Ford Motor Co v Lapertosa 126 F Supp 2d 463 (ED Mich 2000) . . . 188 Forrest v Verizon Commc’n, Inc 805 A 2d 1007, 1010 (DC 2002) . . . 508 French Connection v Sutton (1999) (unreported) Ch D . . . 182 Frost v Aylesbury Dairy Co [1905] 1 KB 685 . . . 495 Fujitsu Ltd’s Application [1996] RPC 511; [1997] RPC 608, Patents Court . . . 471, 472 Futuredontics Inc v Applied Anagramics Inc 45 USPQ 2d (BNA) 2005 (1998); affirmed US Court of Appeal (9th Cir 1998) . . . 137
G G v Wikimedia Foundation Inc [2009] EWHC 3148 . . . 90 GEMA v RapidShare AG (I ZR 80/12, 15 August 2013) . . . 157 GTE New Media Servs Inc v BellSouth Corp 199 F 3d 1343; 1350 (DC Cir 2000) . . . 53 Gabriel v Schlank & Schick GmbH (Case C-96/00) [2002] ECR I–6367 . . . 250 Game Group Plc v First Internet Technology Ltd CAC-4014/2007 [2007] ETMR 78 . . . 176 Geier v Kujawa, Weston and Warne Bros (Transport) [1970] 1 Lloyd’s Rep 364 . . . 510 Gemstar-TV Guide International v Virgin Media Ltd [2009] EWHC 3068 (Ch); [2010] RPC 10 . . . 474 Giacalone v Network Solutions, Inc No C-96 20434 RPA/PVT, 1996 US Dist LEXIS 20807 . . . 197
Gibson v Manchester City Council [1979] 1 WLR 294 . . . 224, 509 Glaxo plc v Glaxowellcome Ltd [1996] FSR 388 (Ch D) . . . 182 Global Projects Management Ltd v Citigroup Inc [2006] FSR 39 . . . 184 GlobalSantafe Corp v GlobalSantafe.com 250 F Supp 2d 610 (ED Va, 2003) . . . 64 Godfrey v Demon Internet [2001] QB 201; [1999] 4 All ER 342 . . . 100, 101, 102 Goodman v J Eban Ltd [1954] 1 QB 550 . . . 234, 265 Google AdWords (Cases C-236/08, C-237/08 and C-238/08) Opinion of Advocate General (22 September 2009) . . . 78, 99, 106, 110, 111, 123 Google AdWords (Cases C-236/08, C-237/08 and C-238/08) (23 March 2010) ECJ (Grand Chamber) [2010] All ER (D) 23 (Apr) . . . 78, 99, 106, 110, 111, 114, 123, 125 Google France v CNRRH, Pierre-Alexis Thonet, Bruno Raboin Tiger Court of Appeal of Versailles (23 March 2006) . . . 110 Google France v Louis Vuitton Malletier Court of Paris (4 February 2002) . . . 110 Google France v Vaiticum Luteciel Court of Appeal of Versailles (10 March 2005) . . . 110 Google Inc. v Agencia Española de Protección de Datos, Mario Costeja González Case C-131/12 (Grand Chamber, 13 May 2014) . . . 69, 70, 77, 86, 91, 103, 104, 114, 116, 122, 125, 345, 361, 362, 363, 364, 366, 370, 384, 385, 387, 388 Google v Vidal-Hall [2015] EWCA Civ 311 . . . 59, 63, 222, 348, 365, 366 GoPets v Hise, 657 F.3d 1024 (9th Cir. 2011) . . . 174 Gottschalk v Benson 409 US 63 (1972) . . . 467, 468 Grace v eBay Inc 16 Cal Rptr 3d 192 (Cal App Ct 2004) . . . 75, 114 Grainger & Son v Gough [1896] AC 325 . . . 225 Greater Manchester Police v Andrews [2011] EWHC 1966 (Admin) . . . 438 Green (2002) (unreported) . . . 291 Green v America Online 318 F 3d 465 (3rd Cir 2003) . . . 119
TABLE OF CASES
Greer v 1–800-Flowers.com Inc LEXIS 73961 (SD Tex, 3 October 2007) . . . 238 Griggs Group Ltd v Evans [2005] EWCA Civ 11 . . . 501 Gutnick v Dow Jones & Co Inc [2001] VSC 305 . . . 41, 61, 69, 320, 370
H HTC Europe Ltd v Apple Inc [2013] EWCA Civ 451 . . . 474 Haftung des Access-Providers (LG Düsseldorf, 13 December 2007, 12 O 550/07). . . . 80 Haftung des Access-Providers (OLG Frankfurt am Main, 22 January 2008, 6 W 10/08) . . . 96 Haftung von Rapidshare (OLG Hamburg, 2 July 2008, Az 5 U 73/07) . . . 97 Halford v United Kingdom (1997) 24 EHRR 523 . . . 395, 396 Hall v Cognos Ltd Hull Industrial Tribunal 1803325/97 . . . 265 Halliday v Creation Consumer Finance Ltd [2013] EWCA Civ 333 . . . 365 Hamza v Secretary of State for the Home Department [2012] EWHC 2736 (Admin) . . . 438 Handelsblatt Publishers Group v Paperboy BGH, 17 July 2003, 1 ZR 259/00 . . . 116, 131, 133, 136Handyside v UK (A24) (1979–80) 1 EHRR 737, [49] . . . 319 Hanson v Deckla 357 US 235 (1958) . . . 52 Harcup v Information Commissioner and Yorkshire Forward Case EA/2007/0058 . . . 346 Harlan Laboratories UK Limited v Stop Huntingdon Animal Cruelty [2012] EWHC 3408 (QB) . . . 438 Harrods Ltd v Dow Jones Co Inc [2003] EWHC 1162 (QB) . . . 60, 62 Harrods Ltd v Sixty Internet Domain Names 302 F 3d 214 (4th Cir 2002) . . . 193 Harrods plc v UK Network Services Ltd [1997] 4 EIPR D-106 . . . 182, 184 Hartford Fire Insurance Co v California 509 US 764 (1993) . . . 38 Hartog & Co, AS v Swix.com and Swix.net 2001 US Dist Lexis 3568 (ED Va, 2001) . . . 64 Hasbro, Inc v Clue Computing, Inc 66 F Supp 2d 117 (D Mass, 1999) . . . 188 Hasbro, Inc v Internet Entertainment Group, Ltd 40 USPQ 2d 1479 (WD Wash, 1996) . . . 188
Hawes v Network Solutions, Inc 337 F 3d 377 (4th Cir 2003) . . . 193, 194 Hawkes & Son (London) Ltd v Paramount Film Services Ltd [1934] Ch 593 . . . 131, 454 Haynes’ Case (1614) 77 ER 1389 . . . 6 Heathmount AE Corp v Technodome.Com 106 F Supp 2d 860 (ED Va 2000) . . . 192 Heatley v Newton (1881) 19 Ch D 326 . . . 285 Hegglin v Persons Unknown and Google [2014] EWHC 2808 (QB) . . . 366, 367 Heise Publishing (BGH, 14 October 2010, I ZR 191/08) . . . 116, 117 Henderson v Stevenson (1875) 1 All ER 172 . . . 236 Hitachi Ltd/Automatic Auction Method (Case T-258/03) [2004] EPOR 55, (21 April 2004), EPO Technical Board of Appeal (2004) . . . 470, 473 Holland v Bennett [1902] 1KB 867 (CA) . . . 254 Holland Casino v Paramount Holdings et al (District Court, Utrecht, 27 February 2003) . . . 35 Hollinrake v Truswell [1894] 3 Ch 420 . . . 449 Holmes, Re [2004] EWHC 2020 (Admin) . . . 280 Hood v Anchor Line [1918] AC 837 . . . 510 Household Fire Insurance v Grant (1879) 4 Ex D 216 . . . 229 Howard Jarvis Taxpayers Association v Paul McCauley, WIPO Case No D2004–0014 . . . 199 Hutchins’ Application [2002] RPC 8 . . . 472 Hyde v Wrench (1840) 3 Beav 334 . . . 226
I I-REGISTRY Ltd v Vipspace Enterprises LLC, Case No. LRO 2013–0014 . . . 209 IBM/Exclusion of computer program product from patentability (Case T-935/97) [1999] EPOR 301; (Case T-1173/97) [2000] EPOR 219 (4 February 1999) (IBM ‘Twins’) . . . 469, 470, 472 IBM’s Patent Application, Re [2003] ENPR 2 . . . 471 Ibcos Computers Ltd v Barclays Mercantile Highland Finance Ltd [1994] FSR 275, HC . . . 444, 450, 452, 458, 459 In re Paige 413 B.R. 882 (D. Utah 2009) . . . 174
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Infection Control Enterprises Ltd v Virrage Industries Ltd [2009] EWHC 2602 (QB) . . . 502 Infolink Ltd v Data Protection Registrar Case DA/90 25/49/9, unreported . . . 351 Infopaq International v Danske Dagblades Forening (Case C-5/08) [2009] ECDR 16 . . . 135, Infopaq International A/S v Danske Dagblades Forening (Infopaq II) (Case C-302/10) (CJEU 17 January 2012) . . . 135 Information Commissioner v Islington London Borough Council [2002] EWHC 1036, HC . . . 383 Innoweb BV v Wegener ICT Media BV (Case C-20212) (CJEU, 19 December 2013) . . . 481 Interflora v Marks and Spencer [2009] EWHC 1095 (Ch) . . . 110 Interfoto Picture Library v Stiletto Visual Programmes [1989] QB 433; [1988] 1 All ER 348 (CA) . . . 233, 236, 509 International Shoe Co v Washington 326 US 310, 316 (1945) . . . 52 Internet-Versteigerung (AG Erfurt, 14 September 2001, 28 C 2354/01) . . . 234, 267 Interpace Corp v Lapp, Inc 721 F 2d 460, 463 (3rd Cir 1983) . . . 187 Interstellar Starship Servs, Ltd v Epix, Inc 304 F 3d 936, 946 (9th Cir 2002) . . . 187, 191 Investors Compensation Scheme Ltd v West Bromwich Building Society [1998] 1 All ER 98 . . . 500 Inwood Laboratories Inc v Ives Laboratories Inc 456 US 844 (1982) . . . 120 Ireland v European Parliament and Council of the European Union (Case C–301/06) [2009] ECR I-593; [2006] OJ C 237 . . . 425 Irrtumsanfechtung bei falscher Preisangabe (AG Lahr, 21 December 2004, 5 C 245/04) . . . 226
J J Marcel (Furriers) Ltd v Tapper [1953] 1 WLR 49 . . . 495 Jacobsen v Katzer WL 2358628, 6–7 (ND Cal, 17 August 2007) . . . 531 Jacobsen v Katzer (2008) 9 NC JL & Tech 65 . . . 531
Jacobsen v Katzer 535 F 3d 1373 (Fed Cir 2008) . . . 531 Jacobsen v Katzer (2009) 17(3) Tex Intell Prop LJ 335 . . . 531 Jacobsen v Katzer 609 F Supp 2d 925 (ND Cal 2009) . . . 532 Jacobsen v Katzer (2010) 16 BU J Sci & Tech L 264 . . . 464 Jacobsen v Katzer (2010) WL 2985829 (ND Cal 2010) . . . 532 James Ashley v London Borough of Sutton [1995] Tr L Rep 350 . . . 496 Jeanette Winterson v Mark Hogarth, WIPO Case No D2000–0235 . . . 195, 198 Jenkins v Gaisford & Thring, In the Goods of Jenkins (1863) 3 Sw & Tr 93; 164 ER 1208 . . . 266 Jensen v Google Netherlands District Court of Amsterdam (26 April 2007) . . . 102 JetBlue Airways Corp Privacy Litigation, Re 379 F Supp 2d 299 (EDNY, 2005) . . . 232 Jews for Jesus v Brodsky 993 F Supp 282 (DNJ 1998); affirmed 159 F 3d 1351 (3d Cir 1998) . . . 187, 190 Job v Halifax plc (unreported, 4 June 2009) . . . 267 Johann Gruber v Bay Wa AG Case C-464/01 [2005] ECR-I-439 . . . 250 John Doe v SexSearch.com 502 F Supp 2d 719 (ND Ohio, 22 August 2007) . . . 234 John Richardson Computers v Flanders [1993] FSR 497, HC . . . 448, 452, 454, 457, 459 Johnson v Gore Wood & Co [2001] 1 All ER 481 . . . 238 Johnson v Medical Defence Union [2004] EWHC 347 (Ch) . . . 346, 365 Johnson v Medical Defence Union (No 2) [2007] EWCA Civ 262 . . . 349, 351 Johnstone v Bloomsbury Health Authority [1991] 2 All ER 293 . . . 500, 512 Jones v Daniel [1894] 2 Ch 332 . . . 509 Julia Fiona Roberts v Russell Boyd, WIPO Case No D2000–0210 . . . 198 Julian Barnes v Old Barn Studios, WIPO Case No D2001–0121 . . . 199
K KPN v Brein (District Court of the Hague 2007), (2007) 18 Ent LR 147 . . . 153 Kaschke v Gray [2010] EWHC 690 . . . 110, 113
TABLE OF CASES
Kaschke v Osler [2010] EWHC 1075 (QB) . . . 62 Kathleen Kennedy Townsend v BG Birt, WIPO Case No D2002–0030 . . . 196 Kelly v Arriba Software 336 F 3d 811 (9th Cir 2003) . . . 132, 139, 140, 141 Kendall, Henry and Son Ltd v William Lillico & Sons [1969] 2 AC 31 . . . 495 Kennedy, IPT/01/62 & 77, 23 January 2008 . . . 408 Kennedy v Security Services, GCHQ and The Met, IPT/01/62, 9 December 2004 . . . 408 Kennedy v United Kingdom (1999) 27 EHRR CD266 . . . 407 Kennedy v United Kingdom (Case Comment) (2010) 11 Crim LR 868 . . . 411 Kennedy v United Kingdom (2011) 52 EHRR 4 . . . 407, 409, 410, 416 Ker-Optikia Case C-108/09 (CJEU, 2 December 2010) . . . 261 Kevin Khoa Nguyen v Barnes & Noble Inc US App LEXIS 15868 (9th Cir 2014) . . . 225, 237 King v Lewis & ors [2004] EWHC 168 (QB) . . . 60 Kirkland & Ellis LLP v DefaultData.com, American Distribution Systems, Inc, WIPO Case NoD2004–0136 . . . 199 Klass v Germany (1979–80) 2 EHRR 214 . . . 409 Kler Knitwear Ltd v Lombard General Insurance Co Ltd [2000] Lloyd’s Rep IR 47 . . . 226 Knowledge-Net v Boone No 1–94-CV-7195 (ND Ill filed Dec 2, 1994) . . . 197 Kremen v Cohen, 337 F. 3d 1024 (9th Cir. 2003) . . . 174 Kroch v Rossell [1937] 1 All ER 725 . . . 61, 62 Kuwait Airways Corp v Iraqi Airways Co [2002] 3 All ER 209 . . . 51
L LB (Plastics) Ltd v Swish Products Ltd [1979] RPC 551 . . . 450 LICRA v Yahoo! Inc & Yahoo France (Tribunal de Grande Instance de Paris, 22 May 2000); affirmed in LICRA & UEJF v Yahoo! Inc & Yahoo France (Tribunal de Grande Instance de Paris, 20 November 2000) . . . 30, 33, 39, 115 LICRA & UEJF v Yahoo! Inc & Yahoo France (Tribunal de Grande Instance de Paris, 11 August 2000) . . . 30, 31, 39
LSG-Gesellschaft zur Wahrnehmung von Leistungsschutzrechten GmbH v Tele2 Telecommunications Case C-557/07 [2009] ECR I-1227 . . . 80, 90 Ladbroke Group Plc v Sonoma International LDC, WIPO Case No D2002–0131 . . . 199 Ladbroke (Football) Ltd v William Hill (Football) Ltd [1964] 1 WLR 273; [1964] 1 All ER 465 . . . 454, 458, 475 Lafesse v MySpace Tribunal de Grande Instance de Paris (22 June 2007) . . . 79 Lamparello v Falwell 420 F 3d 309 (4th Cir 2005) . . . 187, 189 Lantana Ltd v The Comptroller-General of Patents, Designs and Trade Marks [2013] EWHC 2673 . . . 474 Lantana [2014] EWCA Civ 1463 . . . 474 Law Society v Rick Kordowski [2011] EWHC 3185 . . . 104, 377 Leander v Sweden [1987] 9 EHRR 433 . . . 417 Lee v Griffin (1861) 1 B & S 272 . . . 495 Leeman v Stocks [1951] Ch 941 (typewriting) . . . 265 Leonie Vestering v EURid CAC-35/2006 . . . 204 L’Estrange v F Graucob Ltd [1934] 2 KB 394 . . . 234, 499 Levison v Patent Steam Carpet Cleaning Co Ltd [1978] QB 69 (CA) . . . 234 Lewis & others v King [2004] EWCA Civ 1329, CA . . . 60 Lewittes v Cohen 2004 WL 1171261 (SDNY 2004) . . . 190 Liberty v Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs [2014] UKIPTrib . . . 398, 417–419 Liberty v Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs [2015] UKIPTrib. 13 77-H . .419 Liberty v United Kingdom (2009) 48 EHRR 1 . . . 412, 414, 416 Lifestyle Management Ltd v Frater [2010] EWHC 3258 . . . 184 Limited Stores, LLC v Big Fest LLC, Case No. LRO2013–0049 . . . 209 Linguaphone Institute Ltd v Data Protection Registrar Case DA/94 31/49/1, unreported . . . 352 Liverpool City Council v Irwin [1976] 2 All ER 39 . . . 500
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Lloyd’s Register of Shipping v Société Campenon Bernard [1995] ECR I–961 . . . 249 Lloyds Bank Plc v Waterhouse [1993] 2 FLR 97 . . . 499 Lockheed Martin Corp v Network Solutions, Inc 985 F Supp 949 (CD Cal 1997); affirmed 194 F 3d 980 (9th Cir 1999) . . . 193, 197 London and Globe Finance Corp Ltd, Re [1903] 1 Ch 728 . . . 279 L’Oréal SA v eBay International AG Case C-324/09 (2011) ECR I-6011 . . . 66, 78, 90, 97, 110, 111, 113, 114, 120, 123, 125 Lucas Nursery & Landscaping 359 F 3d 810 (6th Cir 2004) . . . 189 Lucasfilm Ltd and Lucas Licensing Ltd v Zuccarini, WIPO Case No D2001–0700 . . . 196 Lucent Technologies, Inc v Lucentsucks.com, 95 F Supp 2d 528 (ED Va 2000) . . . 192 Lucky Comis v Tiscalis, Cour d’Appel de Paris (7 June 2006) . . . 79 Lyon v House [2012] CSOH 45 . . . 356
M MARITIM Trademark, Re the, Hanteatisches Oberlandsgericht Hamburg, Urteil vom 2.5.2002, Internet-Zeitschrift für Rechtsinformatik and Informationsrecht . . . 67 MB, PT and FD v Wikimedia Foundation Inc Tribunal de Grande Instance de Paris (29 October 2007) . . . 110, 124 MBNA America Bank v Freeman (2000) (unreported) Ch D . . . 182 MGM v Grokster 259 F Supp 2d 1029, US District Court, CD California (2003) . . . 145, 146, 148, 149, 150 MGM v Grokster 380 F 3d 1154 (9th Cir 2004) . . . 148 MGM v Grokster 125 S Ct 2764 (2005) . . . 148 MS Associates v Power [1987] FSR 242 . . . 454 McBee v Delica Co Ltd 417 F 3d 107 (1st Cir 2005) . . . 65, 67 McCutceon v David MacBrayne [1964] 1 WLR 125 . . . 235 McDonough v Fallon McElligott Inc 40 USPQ 2d (BNA) 1826; 1829 (SD Cal 1996) . . . 53 McGrath v Dawkins (Rev 1) [2012] EWHC B3 (QB) . . . 62, 63
McGrath v Dawkins [2013] EWCA Civ 206 . . . 62 McLeod v St Aubyn [1899] AC 549 . . . 101 McMullan Bros, Limited, Maxol Limited, Maxol Direct Limited Maxol Lubricants Limited, Maxol Oil Limited Maxol Direct (NI) Limited v Web Names Ltd, WIPO Case No D2004– 0078 . . . 199 MacDonald v Dunn [2013] SLT 128 . . . 320 MacGregor v Procurator Fiscal of Kilmarnock (1993) (unreported) 22 June 1993 . . . 354 McKinnon v Government of the USA [2008] UKHL 59; [2008] 1 WLR 1739 . . . 297, 298, 299, 301, 302 Macmillan & Co Ltd v Cooper (1924) 40 TLR 186 . . . 475 Madrid 2012, SA v Scott Martin-MadridMan Websites, WIPO Case No D2003–0598 . . . 199 Malone v United Kingdom (1985) 7 EHRR 14 (Court, decision) . . . 409 Mannai Investments Co Ltd v Eagle Star Life Assurance Co Ltd [1997] 3 All ER 352 . . . 500 Marcel v Metropolitan Police Commissioners [1992] Ch 225 . . . 331 March Madness Athletic Ass’n, LLC v Netfire, Inc 310 F Supp 2d 786 (ND Tex 2003) . . . 190 Maritz, Inc v Cybergold, Inc, 947 F Supp 1328 (ED Mo 1996) . . . 180 Marks & Spencer plc v One in a Million Ltd [1998] FSR 265 . . . 183 Mars UK Ltd v Teknowledge Ltd [2000] FSR 138 . . . 505 Martin v Stout [1925] AC 359 (PC) . . . 254 Martin Clark v TripAdvisor LLC [2014] ScotCS CSOH_20 . . . 91 Massimiliano Placanica and ors Joined cases C-338/04, C-359/04 and C-360/04 [2007] ECJ ECR I-0000 . . . 36 Mattel, Inc v Internet Dimensions Inc, 2000 WL 973745 (SDNY 2000) . . . 192 May v Vincent (1990) 154 JP 997 . . . 284 Mayflower Transit, LLC v Prince 314 F Supp 2d 362 (DNJ 2004) . . . 191 Media CAT Limited v Adams [2011] EWPCC 6 . . . 90 Meguerian v Apple Inc Case number 5:2011-cv01758, US District Court for the Northern District of California . . . 242
TABLE OF CASES
Mehta v J Pereira Fernandes SA [2006] EWHC 813 (Ch) . . . 264, 265 Meridian International Services Ltd v Richardson [2008] EWCA Civ 609 . . . 502 Merrill Lynch’s Application [2002] RPC 8 . . . 471, 472 Messner v Firma Stefan Kruger C–489/07 (ECJ, 3 September 2009) . . . 244 Metalrax Group Plc v Vanci [2002] EWHC 167 (ChD) . . . 184 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios Inc v Grokster Ltd 545 US 125 (2005) . . . 47 Metropolitan International Schools Ltd (t/a Skillstrain and/or Train2game) v Designtechnica Corp (t/a Digital Trends) & ors [2009] EWHC 1765 (QB) . . . 61, 101, 102, 103, 105, 110, 112, 114 Microsoft (Clipboard format) (Cases T-424/03 and T-411/03) [2006] EPOR 39 . . . 471, 473 Microsoft Corporation v McDonald (Also Known As Gary A Webb) (t/a Bizads and Bizads UK) [2006] EWHC 3410 (Ch) . . . 222 Midasplayer.com Ltd v Watkins [2006] EWHC 1551 (Ch) . . . 234 Miller v California 413 US 15 (1973) . . . 308, 310 Moberg v 33T LLC 666 F Supp 2d 415 (2009) . . . 370 Moorcock, The (1889) LR 14 PD 64 . . . 499 Morantz Inc v Hang & Shine Ultrasonics Inc 79 F Supp 2d 537 (ED Pa 1999) . . . 54 Murray v Express Newspapers [2008] EWCA Civ 446 . . . 365 MySpace Inc v Wallace 498 F Supp 2d 1293 (CD Cal, 2007) . . . 222
N NBC Universal, Inc v NBCUniversal.com 378 F Supp 2d 715 (ED Va, 2005) . . . 64 NV Holdingmaatschappij de Telegraff v Nederlandse Omroep Stichting [2002] ECDR 8, Court of Appeal of the Hague . . . 478 National Sporttotaliser Foundation v Ladbrokes Ltd, District Court, The Hague, 27 January 2003 . . . 35 National Westminster Bank plc v Spectrum Plus Ltd [2005] UKHL 41 . . . 226 Navitaire v easyJet Airline Company [2004] EWHC 1725 (Ch); [2006] RPC 3 . . . 448, 459, 462
Neij and Sunde Kolmisoppi v Sweden (2013) 56 EHRR SE 19 . . . 151 Network Solutions, Inc v Clue Computing, Inc 946 F Supp 858 (D Colo 1996) . . . 197 Network Solutions, Inc v Umbro Int’l, Inc 529 S.E.2d 80 (Va. 2000) . . . 174 Newborne v Sensolid (Great Britain) LD [1954] 1 QB 45 . . . 265 Newspaper Licensing Agency v Meltwater Holding BV [2010] EWHC 3099 (Ch) . . . 134 Niblett Ltd v Confectioner’s Materials Co Ltd [1921] 3 KB 387 . . . 512 Nichols v Universal Pictures Corp (1930) 45 F 2d 119 (2nd Cir) . . . 451, 456 Nils Svensson v Retriever Sverige AB Case C-466/12 (CJEU, 13 February 2013) . . . 116, 132, 133, 134, 136, 137 Nine Network Australia Pty Ltd v IceTV Pty Ltd [2009] HCA 14 . . . 483, 484 Nintendo Co Ltd v Playables Ltd [2010] EWHC 1932 (Ch) . . . 165 Nissan Motor Co v Nissan Computer Corp, 2002 WL 32006514 (CD Cal Jan 7, 2002) . . . 190 Nissan Motor Co Ltd v Domains By Proxy, LLC et al FA1412001593524 (NAF 24 December 2014) . . . 212 Norman Baker MP v Secretary of State for the Home Department, Information Tribunal (National Security Appeals) 1 October 2001, available from www.lcd.gov.uk/foi/bakerfin. pdf . . . 378, 379 Northland Ins Companies v Blaylock 115 F Supp 2d 1108 (D Minn 2000) . . . 188 Norwich Pharmacal Co v Customs and Excise Commissioners [1974] AC 133 . . . 90 Nova Productions Ltd v Mazooma Games Ltd [2007] EWCA Civ 219 . . . 450, 451, 459, 462 Novak v Overture Services Inc 309 F Supp 2d 446 (EDNY 2004) . . . 240
O OLG Frankfurt am Main (22 January 2008) Az 6 W 10/08 . . . 96 Ocean Chemical Transport Inc v Exnor Craggs Ltd [2000] 1 All ER 519 . . . 235 Océana Grupo Editorial SA v Roció Murciano Quintero, Salvat Editores SA v José M
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TABLE OF CASES
Sánchez Alcón Prades, José Luis Copano Badillo, Mohammed Berroane and Emilio Viñas Feliù, (Joined Cases C-240/98, C-241/98, C-242/98, C-243/98, C-240/98) [2000] ECR I–4941, I–4971, and I-4973 . . . 252 Odex Pte Ltd v Pacific Internet Ltd [2007] SGDC 248 . . . 153Office Depot v Zuccarini, 596 F.3d 696, 701–02 (9th Cir. 2010) . . . 174 Oggi Advertising Ltd v McKenzie [1999] 1 NZLR 631 (New Zealand) . . . 184 Olley v Marlborough Court Hotel [1949] 1 KB 532 . . . 509 Oracle Inc v Google Inc 872 F.Supp.2d 974 (ND Cal, 2012) . . . 463 Oracle Inc v Google Inc 750 F.3d 1339 (Fed Cir, 2014) . . . 463 Oxford v Moss (1978) 68 Cr App R 183 . . . 490, 491
P PACCAR Inc v TeleScan Techs, LLC 319 F 3d 243, 253 (6th Cir 2003) . . . 187, 189 Pal v General Medical Council & Others (2004) WL 1476683, HC; [2004] EWHC 1485 (QB) . . . 357 Paloma v Google Inc Court of First Instance, Madrid (13 May 2009) . . . 102 Panavision International LP v Toeppen and Network Solutions Inc 945 F Supp 1296 (CD Cal 1996); affirmed 143 F 3d 1316 (1998) US Ct App (9th Cir 1998) . . . 174, 188, 191, 193, 197 Papasavvas Case C-291/13 (CJEU, 11 September 2014) . . . 105, 106, 111, 260 Paramount Home Entertainment International Ltd v British Sky Broadcasting Ltd [2013] EWHC 3479 (Ch) . . . 133, 155 Paramount Home Entertainment International Ltd v British Sky Broadcasting Ltd (No 2) [2014] EWHC 937 (Ch) . . . 133 Pardo, Re 684 F 2d 912 (1982) . . . 467 Parker v South Eastern Railway Co Ltd (1877) 2 CPD 416 (CA) . . . 233, 236, 499, 509 Partridge v Crittenden [1968] 2 All ER 421 . . . 224 Patel v Allos Therapeutics Inc [2008] ETMR 75 (ChD) . . . 201 Payne v Cave (1789) 3 Term Rep 148 . . . 227
Pebble Beach Co v Caddy 453 F 3d 1151(9th Cir 2006) . . . 180, 181 Pensions Benefit Systems Partnership/Exclusion from Patentability (Case T-931/95) [2002] EPOR 52, Technical Board of Appeal . . . 470–473 People v World Interactive Gaming Corp 714 NYS 2d 844 (1999) . . . 39, 40, 47 Peppermint Jam v Telecom Italia, discussed in Eugenio Prosperetti, ‘The Peppermint “Jam”: Peer to peer goes to court in Italy’ (2007) 18 Ent LR 280 . . . 153 Per Winter v Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc 129 S Ct 365 (2008) . . . 532 Perfect 10 v Google 416 F Supp 2d 828, 849 (CD Cal 2006) . . . 138, 140 Perfect 10 Inc v Amazon.com Inc 487 F 3d 701 (9th Cir 2007) . . . 120, 140 Perrin v UK (ECHR 18 October 2005, No 5446/03) . . . 33 Peter Pammer v Reederei Karl Schlüter GmbH & Co KG and Hotel Alpenhof GesmbH v Oliver Heller (Joined Cases C–585/08 and C–144/09) [2010] ECR; [2010] All ER (D) 84 (Dec) . . . 251 Peter Smythe v Vincent Thomas [2007] NSWSC 844 . . . 228 Pez Hejduk v EnergieAgentur.NRW GmbH Case C-441/13 EU:C:2015:28 . . . 58 Pfleger (Case C-390/12) CJEW (Third Chamber), 30 April 2014 . . . 431 Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain v Boots Cash Chemists [1953] 1 QB 401 . . . 224, 509 Phillimore v Barry (1818) 1 Camp 513 (initals) . . . 265 Phonefile v Startsiden (District Court of Oslo, 29 October 2003) . . . 116 Phones 4U Ltd v Phone4U.co.uk Internet Ltd [2006] EWCA Civ 244 (CA) . . . 184 Piergiorgio Gambelli Case C-243/01 [2003] ECR I-13031 . . . 36, 47 Pinckney v KDG Mediatech AG Case C-170/12 [2013] EUECJ (3 October 2013) . . . 58 Pirate Bay Case [2009] EIPR 483; (2009) 15 CTLR 129 . . . 151, 160 Pitman Training Ltd v Nominet UK Ltd [1997] FSR 797 . . . 174, 181 Planned Parenthood Federation of America, Inc v Bucci 42 USPQ 2d 1430 (SD NY 1997) . . . 187, 190
Discovering Diverse Content Through Random Scribd Documents
Child, may His angels keep their arms Ever around you still. But when the hymn came round, with heart That feared some heart’s surprising Its secret sweet, I climb’d the seat ’Mid rustling and uprising; And there against her mother’s arm The sleeping child was leaning, While far away the hymn went on, The music and the meaning. Oh I have loved with more of pain Since then, with more of passion, Loved with the aching in my love After our grown-up fashion; Yet could I almost be content To lose here at your feet A year or two, you murmuring elm, To dream a dream so sweet.
THE SECRET OF THE UNIVERSE: AN ODE (By a Western Spinning Dervish)
I spin, I spin, around, around, And close my eyes, And let the bile arise From the sacred region of the soul’s Profound; Then gaze upon the world; how strange! how new! The earth and heaven are one, The horizon-line is gone, The sky how green! the land how fair and blue! Perplexing items fade from my large view, And thought which vexed me with its false and true Is swallowed up in Intuition; this, This is the sole true mode Of reaching God, And gaining the universal synthesis Which makes All—One; while fools with peering eyes Dissect, divide, and vainly analyse. So round, and round, and round again! How the whole globe swells within my brain, The stars inside my lids appear, The murmur of the spheres I hear Throbbing and beating in each ear; Right in my navel I can feel The centre of the world’s great wheel. Ah peace divine, bliss dear and deep, No stay, no stop, Like any top Whirling with swiftest speed, I sleep. O ye devout ones round me coming, Listen! I think that I am humming; No utterance of the servile mind With poor chop-logic rules agreeing Here shall ye find, But inarticulate burr of man’s unsundered being. Ah, could we but devise some plan, Some patent jack by which a man Might hold himself ever in harmony With the great Whole and spin perpetually
With the great Whole, and spin perpetually, As all things spin Without, within, As Time spins off into Eternity, And Space into the inane Immensity, And the Finite into God’s Infinity, Spin, spin, spin, spin.
BEAU RIVAGE HOTEL SATURDAY EVENING
Below there’s a brumming and strumming And twiddling and fiddling amain, And sweeping of muslins and laughter, And pattering of luminous rain. Fair England, resplendent Columbia, Gaul, Teuton,—how precious a smother! But the happiest is brisk little Polly To galop with only her brother. And up to the fourth étage landing, Come the violins’ passionate cries, Where the pale femme-de-chambre is sitting With sleep in her beautiful eyes.
IN A JUNE NIGHT (A Study in the manner of Robert Browning)
I
See, the door opens of this alcove, Here we are now in the cool night air Out of the heat and smother; above The stars are a wonder, alive and fair, It is a perfect night,—your hand,— Down these steps and we reach the garden, An odorous, dim, enchanted land, With the dusk stone-god for only warden. II
Was I not right to bring you here? We might have seen slip the hours within Till God’s new day in the East were clear, And His silence abashed the dancers’ din, Then each have gone away, the pain And longing greatened, not satisfied, By a hand’s slight touch or a glance’s gain,— And now we are standing side by side! III
Come to the garden’s end,—not so, Not by the grass, it would drench your feet; See, here is a path where the trees o’ergrow And the fireflies flicker; but, my sweet, Lean on me now, for one cannot see Here where the great leaves lie unfurled To take the whole soul and the mystery Of a summer night poured out for the world. IV
Into the open air once more! Yonder’s the edge of the garden-wall Where we may sit and talk,—deplore This half-hour lost from so bright a ball, Or praise my partner with the eyes And the raven hair, or the other one With her flaxen curls, and slow replies As near asleep in the Tuscan sun. V
Hush! do you hear on the beach’s cirque Just below, though the lake is dim, How the little ripples do their work, Fall and faint on the pebbled rim, So they say what they want, and then Break at the marge’s feet and die; It is so different with us men Who never can once speak perfectly. VI
Yet hear me,—trust that they mean indeed Oh, so much more than the words will say Or shall it be ’twixt us two agreed That all we might spend a night and day In striving to put in a word or thought, Which were then from ourselves a thing apart, Shall be just believed and quite forgot, When my heart is felt against your heart. VII
Ah, but that will not tell you all, How I am yours not thus alone, To find how your pulses rise and fall, And winning you wholly be your own, But yours to be humble, could you grow The Queen that you are, remote and proud, And I with only a life to throw Where the others’ flowers for your feet were strowed. VIII
Well, you have faults too! I can blame If you choose: this hand is not so white Or round as a little one that came On my shoulder once or twice to-night Like a soft white dove. Envy her now! And when you talked to that padded thing And I passed you leisurely by, your brow Was cold, not a flush nor fluttering. IX
Such foolish talk! while that one star still Dwells o’er the mountain’s margin-line Till the dawn takes all; one may drink one’s fill Of such quiet; there’s a whisper fine In the leaves a-tremble, and now ’tis dumb; We have lived long years, love, you and I, And the heart grows faint; your lips, then: come,— It were not so very hard to die.
FROM APRIL TO OCTOBER I. BEAUTY
The beauty of the world, the loveliness Of woodland pools, which doves have coo’d to sleep, Dreaming the noontide through beneath the deep Of heaven; the radiant blue’s benign caress When April clouds are rifted; buds that bless Each little nook and bower, where the leaves keep Dew and light shadow, and quick lizards peep For sunshine,—these, and the ancient stars no less, And the sea’s mystery of dusk and bright Are but the curious characters that lie, Priestess of Beauty, in thy robe of light. Ah, where, divine One, is thy veiled retreat, That I may creep to it and clasp thy feet, And gaze in thy pure face though I should die? II. TWO INFINITIES
A lonely way, and as I went my eyes Could not unfasten from the Spring’s sweet things, Lush-sprouted grass, and all that climbs and clings In loose, deep hedges, where the primrose lies In her own fairness, buried blooms surprise The plunderer bee and stop his murmurings, And the glad flutter of a finch’s wings Outstartle small blue-speckled butterflies. Blissfully did one speedwell plot beguile My whole heart long; I loved each separate flower, Kneeling. I looked up suddenly—Dear God! There stretched the shining plain for many a mile, The mountains rose with what invincible power! And how the sky was fathomless and broad! III. THE DAWN
The Dawn,—O silence and wise mystery! Was it a dream, the murmurous room, the glitter, The tinkling songs, the dance, and that fair sitter I talk’d æsthetics to so rapturously? Sweet Heaven, thy silentness and purity, Thy sister-words of blame, not railings bitter, With these great quiet leaves, and the light twitter Of small birds wakening in the greenery, And one stream stepping quickly on its way So well it knows the glad work it must do, Reclaim a wayward heart scarce answering true To that sweet strain of hours that closes May; How the pale marge quickens with pulsings new, O welcome to thy world thou fair, great day! IV. THE SKYLARK
There drops our lark into his secret nest! All is felt silence and the broad blue sky; Come, the incessant rain of melody Is over; now earth’s quietudes invest, In cool and shadowy limit, that wild breast Which trembled forth the sudden ecstasy Till raptures came too swift, and song must die Since midmost deeps of heaven grew manifest. My poet of the garden-walk last night Sang in rich leisure, ceased and sang again, Of pleasure in green leaves, of odours given By flowers at dusk, and many a dim delight; The finer joy was thine keen-edged with pain, Soarer! alone with thy own heart and heaven. V. THE MILL-RACE
“Only a mill-race,” said they, and went by, But we were wiser, spoke no word, and stayed; It was a place to make the heart afraid With so much beauty, lest the after sigh, When one had drunk its sweetness utterly, Should leave the spirit faint; a living shade From beechen branches o’er the water played To unweave that spell through which the conquering sky Subdues the sweet will of each summer stream; So this ran freshlier through the swaying weeds. I gazed until the whole was as a dream, Nor should have waked or wondered had I seen Some smooth-limbed wood-nymph glance across the green, Or Naiad lift a head amongst the reeds. VI. IN THE WOOD