Issuu

ISBN: 9781284172102

Microbes and Society, Fifth Edition

CHAPTER 1 The Microbial World: An Introduction

1. Microbes have existed on planet Earth for approximately __________ years.

A. 40 billion

B. 4 billion

C. 40 million

D. 4 million

<Answer: B>

<A-head: 1.1 Microbiology and Society: A Connected World>

<Subject: Chapter 1>

<Complexity: Easy>

2. Which of the following is not part of the microbial menagerie?

A. Mosses

B. Bacteria

C. Fungi

D. Protists

<Answer: A>

<A-head: 1.1 Microbiology and Society: A Connected World>

<Subject: Chapter 1>

<Complexity: Easy>

3. How do microbiology and society form a connected world?

<Answer: Answers will vary depending on what microbiome is mentioned >

<A-head: 1.1 Microbiology and Society: A Connected World>

<Subject: Chapter 1>

<Complexity: Moderate>

Jeffrey C. Pommerville Test Bank Copyright

Microbes and Society, Fifth Edition

Jeffrey C. Pommerville Test Bank

4. True or False? An ecosystem consists of a specific environment with a distinctive microbial community

<Answer: False>

<A-head: 1.2 Microbiology and Society: Protecting the Planet>

<Subject: Chapter 1>

<Complexity: Moderate>

5–8. Select the microbiome that correctly matches each statement:

Statement

5. Involved with raindrops and snowflakes.

6. Associated with cloud-forming aerosols.

7. Helps plants feed the world.

8. A mixture of organic matter, gases, liquids, and organisms.

Microbiome

A. Atmosphere

B. Earth’s crust

C. Ocean

D. Soil

<Answer: 5. A, 6. C, 7. D, 8. D>

<A-head: 1.2 Microbiology and Society: Protecting the Planet>

<Subject: Chapter 1>

<Complexity: Moderate>

9. True or False? Microbes have been found in molten lava.

<Answer: False>

<A-head: 1.2 Microbiology and Society: Protecting the Planet>

<Subject: Chapter 1>

<Complexity: Moderate>

10. What are phytoplankton?

Microbes and Society, Fifth Edition

A. The bacteria found in the oceans

B. The microbes that break down dead animal matter

C. The photosynthetic algae and fungi

D. The photosynthetic bacteria and algae

<Answer: D>

<A-head: 1.2 Microbiology and Society: Protecting the Planet Subject>

<Subject: Chapter 1>

<Complexity: Easy>

11. True or False? Animal and plant life would not remain possible for long in the absence of microbes.

<Answer: True>

<A-head: 1.2 Microbiology and Society: Helping Maintain Human Health>

<Subject: Chapter 1>

<Complexity: Easy>

12. List at least five ways that microbes help protect the planet.

<Answer: Answers will vary depending on what microbiomes are mentioned.>

<A-head: 1.2 Microbiology and Society: Protecting the Planet>

<Subject: Chapter 1>

<Complexity: Moderate>

13. The human microbiome consists of __________ microbes.

A. 56 trillion

B. 37 trillion

C. 30 million

D. 5 million

<Answer: B>

<A-head: 1.3 Why Microbes Matter: Helping Maintain Human Health>

<Subject: Chapter 1>

<Complexity: Easy>

Jeffrey C. Pommerville Test Bank Copyright

Microbes and Society, Fifth Edition

Jeffrey C. Pommerville Test Bank

14. True or False? All humans do not share the same set of microbes.

<Answer: True>

<A-head: 1.3 Why Microbes Matter: Helping Maintain Human Health>

<Subject: Chapter 1>

<Complexity: Moderate>

15. A baby first becomes exposed to microbes:

A. during fetal development.

B. at conception

C. during birth.

D. several weeks after birth.

<Answer: C>

<A-head: 1.3 Why Microbes Matter: Helping Maintain Human Health>

<Subject: Chapter 1>

<Complexity: Moderate>

16. The human microbiome is envisioned as a key component of all the following, except:

A. Earth’s ecosystems.

B. personalized medicine.

C. good health.

D. development of certain medical conditions.

<Answer: A>

<A-head: 1.3 Why Microbes Matter: Helping Maintain Human Health>

<Subject: Chapter 1>

<Complexity: Moderate>

17. Explain the role of microbes in the human body.

Microbes and Society, Fifth Edition

<Answer: Answers will vary.>

<A-head: 1.3 Microbiology and Society: Helping Maintain Human Health>

<Subject: Chapter 1>

<Complexity: Moderate>

18. Why are microbes often seen as causing human disease?

<Answer: Some do cause illnesses; our everyday experiences; public news media; consumer advertising.>

<A-head: 1.4 Why Microbes Matter: Causing Infections and Disease>

<Subject: Chapter 1>

<Complexity: Moderate>

19 A germ refers to which of the following?

A. A bacterium

B. A pathogen

C. A virus

D. A microbe

<Answer: B>

<A-head: 1.4 Why Microbes Matter: Causing Infections and Disease>

<Subject: Chapter 1>

<Complexity: Easy>

20. Explain the difference between basic (pure) science and applied science.

<Answer: Basic: providing the information and knowledge to explain phenomena in the natural world; applied: uses the basic science knowledge to develop practical applications.>

<A-head: 1.5 Why Microbes Matter: Benefiting Society>

<Subject: Chapter 1>

<Complexity: Difficult>

Jeffrey C. Pommerville Test Bank Copyright

Microbes and Society, Fifth Edition

Jeffrey C. Pommerville Test Bank

21. All the following are products of microbes, except:

A. buttermilk.

B. vinegar.

C. pasta.

D. sausages.

<Answer: C>

<A-head: 1.5 Why Microbes Matter: Benefiting Society>

<Subject: Chapter 1>

<Complexity: Easy>

22. Many foods we eat contain components produced by microbes. Which of the following is not such a component?

A. Flavor enhancers

B. Citric acid

C. Lactic acid

D. Sucrose

<Answer: D>

<A-head: 1.5 Why Microbes Matter: Benefiting Society>

<Subject: Chapter 1>

<Complexity: Easy>

23. True or False? Scientists have been able to genetically engineer whole bacterial cells into crop plants.

<Answer: False>

<A-head: 1.5 Why Microbes Matter: Benefiting Society>

<Subject: Chapter 1>

<Complexity: Moderate>

24. Which of the following best describes bioremediation?

Microbes and Society, Fifth Edition

Jeffrey C. Pommerville Test Bank

A. Using microbes to degrade toxic compounds in the environment

B. Treating patients with antimicrobial drugs to cure infectious diseases

C. Using chemicals to eliminate microbes in the soil

D. Eliminating pathogens from commercial surfaces like a kitchen counter

<Answer: A>

<A-head: 1.5 Why Microbes Matter: Benefiting Society>

<Subject: Chapter 1>

<Complexity: moderate>

25. Which of the following is not a product of microbial biotechnology?

A. Human insulin

B. Blood-clotting factors

C. Human growth hormone

D. Anti–transplant rejection drugs

<Answer: D>

<A-head: 1.5 Why Microbes Matter: Benefiting Society>

<Subject: Chapter 1>

<Complexity: Moderate>

26. What is an outbreak?

A. The initial stage of an epidemic

B. The beginning of a pandemic

C. A more confined epidemic

D. The first emergence of a viral infection

<Answer: C>

<A-head: 1.6 Microbiology Today: Challenges Remain>

<Subject: Chapter 1>

<Complexity: Moderate>

27. What organization issues global health emergencies?

Microbes and Society, Fifth Edition

A. The United Nations

B. The World Health Organization (WHO)

C. The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)

D. The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

<Answer: B>

<A-head: 1.6 Microbiology Today: Challenges Remain>

<Subject: Chapter 1>

<Complexity: Moderate>

28. Explain how climate change could affect infectious diseases across the globe.

<Answer: Answers will vary.>

<A-head: 1.6 Microbiology Today: Challenges Remain>

<Subject: Chapter 1>

<Complexity: Moderate>

29. Summarize the challenges facing microbiology today.

<Answer: Spread of disease by air travel; disease spread through urbanization and poverty; evolution of drug-resistant pathogens; potential disease outbreaks from climate change.>

<A-head: 1.6 Microbiology Today: Challenges Remain>

<Subject: Chapter 1>

<Complexity: Moderate>

30. Select one of the challenges facing microbiology today and devise a creative way to respond to the challenge.

<Answer: Answers will vary.>

<A-head: 1.6 Microbiology Today: Challenges Remain>

<Subject: Chapter 1>

<Complexity: Moderate>