Test Bank - Chapter 01 Q1: A group of nursing students are discussing the impact of non nursing theories in clinical practice. Which theory incorporates the developmental needs throughout various stages in a lifespan? A. Paul’s Critical-Thinking Theory B. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs C. Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory (Correct) D. Rosenstock’s Health Belief Model Rationale: Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory of Development and Socialization is based on individuals’ interacting and learning about their world. Nurses use the concepts of developmental theory to critically think in providing care for their patients at various stages of their lives. Critical thinking, according to Paul’s theory, focuses on the nurse’s ability to intellectually decipher data. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs specifies the psychological and physiological factors that affect each person’s physical and mental health. The nurse’s understanding of these factors helps with formulating nursing diagnoses that address the patient’s needs and values to prioritize care. Rosenstock (1974) developed the psychological Health Belief Model. The model addresses possible reasons for why a patient may not comply with recommended health promotion behaviors. This model is especially useful to nurses as they educate patients.
Q2: A nurse is preparing to provide discharge instructions to a patient. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, which need should be addressed first? A. A request for a snack (Correct) B. An inquiry about insurance coverage C. A visit from the hospital chaplain D. Concern about the loss of independence Rationale: Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs prioritizes physiological needs, followed by safety and security, then love and belonging, self-esteem, and last is self-actualization. Basic needs must be met before any higher-level needs can be addressed.
Q3: A nursing student is preparing study notes from a recent lecture in nursing history. The student would credit Florence Nightingale for which definition of nursing? A. The imbalance between the patient and the environment decreases the capacity for health. (Correct) B. The nurse needs to focus on interpersonal processes between nurse and patient. C. The nurse assists the patient with essential functions toward independence. D. Human beings are interacting in continuous motion as energy fields. Rationale: Florence Nightingale’s (1860) concept of the environment emphasized prevention and clean air, water, and housing. This theory states that the imbalance between the patient and the environment decreases the capacity for health and does not allow for conservation of energy. Hildegard Peplau (1952) focused on the roles played by the nurse and the interpersonal process
Fundamentals of Nursing 4e Yoost Test Bank