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FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 4, 2021
Spring semester begins with virtual learning, testing requirements BY TARA MONASTESSE ’25 STAFF WRITER
Following changes to the spring semester move-in plan, Mount Holyoke students and community members have begun adapting to two weeks of remote learning as well as new COVID-19 quarantine and isolation procedures. On Jan. 13, President Sonya Stephens announced significant changes to the College’s spring semester plan, which included details regarding move-in, remote learning and testing requirements. This email was sent 11 days prior to the start of classes. Stephens’ letter also announced a dedication to return to in-person learning. “Mount Holyoke remains committed to an in-person teaching and learning experience for our students, but the global surge of the omicron variant requires us to make several critical short-term changes to our previous plans,” Stephens wrote. “The logistics of creating a safe return and start to the semester are, as you might imagine, very complex, given the constraints of congregate housing and other campus spaces, and the impact of the virus on staffing levels at the College.” Several of the guidelines presented in this letter were previously outlined to students in an email from the Division of Student Life on Dec. 22, including the requirement for eligible students to receive a booster vaccine and show proof of a negative PCR test prior to returning to campus. In approaching these logistics, the College significantly overhauled several aspects of the COVID-19 protocol that was instated during the fall semester. Previously, students who tested positive for COVID-19 were expected to isolate themselves in isolation housing designated by the College, regardless of whether or not they had roommates. A letter to the community issued by the COVID-19 Health and Safety Committee on Jan. 20th stipulated that if a student who lives in a single dorm tests positive, they will be asked to isolate themselves within their own room. In an attempt to reduce transmission from positive-testing students in residence halls, the College pro-
vided schedules that divide the day into times when COVID-19-positive students can use communal bathrooms and times when students who do not have the virus may continue to use the bathrooms as usual. Additionally, a booster clinic was held on campus for students who still required a third dose of the vaccine. Though initially scheduled for Jan. 29, the clinic was held on Jan. 30 due to inclement weather. “These changes were made to manage the surge in cases resulting from the presence of the Omicron variant in our community, and to ensure the availability of dedicated isolation and quarantine space for those in our community who are most vulnerable and most ill,” Marcella Runell Hall, vice president for Student Life and dean of students, said in an email to Mount Holyoke News. “Because some residence hall floors do not have a single-user bathroom, students isolating in place are able to use the common bathrooms and have been assigned designated times for unmasked personal hygiene activities.” These changes came in the wake of a significant spike in positive COVID-19 tests on campus in early January. According to the College’s online COVID-19 Dashboard, the week of Jan. 3-9 saw a total of 41 positive cases — the highest weekly count since tracking began on Aug. 12, 2020. Since then, the number of cases has declined each week, but still remains higher than before 2022. The week of Jan. 24 saw 16 positive cases. Prior to this month, the highest number was nine. “Should student cases continue to decline and reports of lower shortterm severity in campus cases remain steady, we anticipate adjusting our isolation protocols accordingly by, for example, moving confirmed positive cases to dedicated space,” Hall said. “However, the reality is we may need to return to these protocols at any point during the semester as we experience or anticipate surges in student cases.” Mount Holyoke hasn’t been alone in fighting off a major spike. The town of South Hadley reported 193 active cases for the week of Jan. 25, down from 224 the week prior. A temporary mandate instated on
Photo by Carmen Mickelson ’24 Due to the Omicron variant of COVID-19, the College adjusted its protocols for mitigating the spread of the virus during the start of the semester.
Dec. 23 requires that all persons of age 2 and older, regardless of vaccination status, must wear a face covering when entering non-residential indoor spaces open to the public. Meanwhile, the state of Massachusetts reached a peak seven-day average of 23,137.1 confirmed cases on Jan. 8 – the highest number reported in the state so far since March 1, 2020. On its website, the CDC noted that there is still much unknown about the Omicron variant and the specifics of its behavior, such as how easily it spreads, how it responds to medication and vaccination and the severity of the illness it causes. “The Omicron variant likely will spread more easily than the original SARS-CoV-2 virus and how easily Omicron spreads compared to Delta remains unknown. CDC expects that anyone with Omicron infection can spread the virus to others, even if they are vaccinated or don’t have symptoms,” according to their section entitled “Omicron Variant: What You Need to Know.” Marie Ozanne, the College’s Clare Boothe Luce Assistant Professor of Statistics, is a biostatistician who has done extensive work with infectious disease modeling. Ozanne noted that massive spikes in case
Child Care Review Group selects Valley Opportunity Council as new provider
Photo by Tzav Harrel ’24 Bright Horizons will end its contract with the Gorse Children’s Center, above, on June 30, 2022.
BY GILLIAN PETRARCA ’23 STAFF WRITER
After an extensive search, the Child Care Review Group has selected Valley Opportunity Council as the new provider for on-campus childcare. The Child Care Review Group was formed in April 2021 after the College announced that childcare provider Bright Horizons would end its contract with the Gorse Children’s Center on June 30, 2022. The group of community members is chaired by Shannon Gurek, vice president for finance and administration and treasurer, and Jennifer Jacoby, associate professor of psychology and education and director of first-year seminars.
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Valley Opportunity Council is led by Executive Director Steve Huntley. According to their website, VOC, originally named the Community and Regional Opportunity Program, was founded in 1965.VOC offers over 30 community programs in a wide variety of areas, including food and nutrition, energy assistance, education and childcare, youth and adult programs and community outreach. Their mission statement outlines their dedication to eliminating poverty by providing the opportunity for low and moderate-income neighbors, families and friends in the Greater Hampden County area to achieve greater independence and a higher quality of life. VOC currently operates five child care centers in
FEATURES: Remembering Jon Western
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Holyoke and Chicopee for children ages 1-5 and three programs located within Holyoke Public Schools. According to a Jan. 26 email update on the Child Care Review Group, Gurek and Jacoby listed the qualities the committee prioritized when choosing a provider. As they noted, “the Child Care Review Group prioritized the ability to work with Mount Holyoke to maintain and expand on their academics and child care program in accordance with the College’s mission and priorities. They also looked for a willingness and ability to accept subsidies and state vouchers, capacity to collaborate with the College’s academic programs and commitment to diversity, equity and inclusion in alignment with the College’s Anti-racism Plan of Action.” “It is our hope that those currently caring for the children will continue with the new provider, which will give continuity and reduce uncertainty as much as possible for all those involved,” Gurek and Jacoby wrote. Mount Holyoke, Bright Horizons and VOC have developed a staff retention plan for the teachers and administrators currently working in the Center to keep their jobs under VOC. As a conclusion to their message, Gurek and Jacoby offered their gratitude to those involved in the transition period. “We would like to give special thanks to the Childcare Request for Proposal Committee who worked tirelessly through the extensive proposal process, including meeting with vendors, touring facilities and finding our vibrant new partner in VOC.”
numbers for infectious diseases, such as with COVID-19 this winter, are a sign to intervene. “Imagine a scenario where you’re shifting between different levels of intervention, based on what you’re seeing in the numbers,” Ozanne said. “If you’re seeing a big increase in cases, that could mean that you need to do something differently than what you’re doing right now.” She also stated that the use of higher-quality masks has been shown to be effective in combating the highly-transmissible Omicron variant, and which has been reflected by College policy. Furthermore, Omicron’s rapid spread may be outpacing the tests meant to track its progress. “Testing generally is good for at least identifying your cases and isolation with Omicron, but it is spreading so fast that that may be less effective. Not that you shouldn’t know that the cases exist,” Ozanne said. “But in terms of actually preventing spread, it’s tough when a pathogen is being transmitted really quickly to catch everyone before they’ve infected someone else.” Upon arrival to campus at the start of the semester, students were to report to the testing center with a
negative PCR test result, where they would then be tested again and be provided, upon request, with KN95 masks that complied with the College’s mask requirement. Grace Lee ’25, who stayed with her family in Los Angeles over winter break, said that securing a PCR test in time to return to campus wasn’t possible due to a test shortage in her city. “In the end, the one PCR result that I could show to health services was one that I took in December,” Lee said. “That’s how long it took me to get my results.” As for the decision to switch classes to remote learning, Lee prefers the virtual format, which she finds more comfortable and better suited to her schedule. But her reasons for supporting the switch extend beyond just the personal. “We’re not really sure if there’s going to be another spike anytime soon, so instead of constantly switching back and forth, I would rather we stay continuously through remote learning,” Lee said. “I’ve also seen a lot of students talk about how remote learning is much more accessible option for students with disabilities, both physical and mental, so I thought that was important too.”
College restricts indoor dining for start of semester
Photo by Jenny Yu ’24 Until further notice, students are not allowed to eat inside of the Blanchard Hall dining commons.
BY HOPE FRANCES SIMPSON ’24 STAFF WRITER
Editor’s note: this article was written before the Feb. 3 update to COVID-19 policies. “There is no eating anywhere in Blanchard Hall or the Great Room until further notice,” Marcella Runell Hall, dean of students, wrote in an email sent out on Jan. 21. Other dining hall updates listed in the email took effect on Jan. 18. Students with Accessibility accommodations will be allowed to sit in the dining hall, while all other students are required to eat in dorms or outside until further notice. Mount Holyoke employees are also not allowed dining hall access until further notice. The meal plan will remain the same and commuter students may purchase meal swipes on the dining hall website. Students in isolation have access to the Beacon Room, located in the dining commons, through an outside exit. While they won’t have access to
A&E: Highlighting Afrofuturist exhibitions
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the main dining hall, there will be a variety of meal options for students to pick from. These students are expected to enter and exit through this entrance only, so as not to come into contact with students and staff in the dining hall. Kendade Grab n’ Go is set for tentative reopening on Feb. 14, while the Frances Perk Cafe is set for Feb. 7. Students will not be allowed to eat in public spaces following these reopenings, according to an email from Executive Director of Auxiliary Services, Richard Perna. Perna also noted that the Cochary Pub will remain closed due to staffing shortages, but there are plans to open it later in the semester. Dining Services will also plan to start a pilot program for student athlete meal pick up in response to meal issues brought to the SGA’s attention last semester. This pilot program aims to rectify this problem, but there was no further information in the Jan. 25 email from Dining Services.
S&E: Floating Dutch community established
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. FEATURES Jon Western (1963-2022), former dean of faculty, dies February 4, 2022
BY REBECCA GAGNON ’23 & JESSE HAUSKNECHT-BROWN ’25 FEATURES EDITORS
Jon Western, former vice president of academic affairs, dean of faculty and Carol Hoffmann Collins ’63 Professor of International Relations, died on Jan. 29, 2022. His memory lives on through his wife, sons, students and colleagues. After receiving his Bachelor of Arts from Macalester College, Western went on to earn his Master in Public Policy at the University of Michigan and his doctoral degree from Columbia University. Before arriving at Mount Holyoke College, he taught at Columbia University and George Washington University. Western also served at the United States Institute of Peace as a Peace Scholar-in-residence and the coordinator of the Dayton Upgrade Project. In these two positions, he directed and developed a peace-building organization in Bosnia. In 1992, he Photo courtesy of Aaron Haesaert worked as an analyst in the U.S. Jon Western, Carol Hoffmann Collins ’63 Professor of International Relations, was a member of the Mount Holyoke faculty for over two decades. State Department’s Bureau of Intelligence and Research during the staff, [Western] has demonstrated that Michael P. Farris, a Christian Bosnian War. throughout his tenure as dean of fac- conservative lawyer, played a crucial In 2000, Western joined the ulty a commitment to stewardship role in a lawsuit created by Texas AtMount Holyoke faculty as an assis- of the College and its academic ex- torney General Ken Paxton attempttant professor in the Five Colleges cellence, alongside a deep loyalty to ing to disqualify votes for President and then became a full professor, mission and to those he represents.” Joe Biden in the 2020 election. Their teaching at all After step- efforts did not go unnoticed. This reinstitutions. Sixping search has since been published in “[Jon Western] made peo- Western down, teen years later, took The New York Times, The Washingple feel seen and heard.” Western was a sabbatical to ton Post, National Public Radio and appointed vice reengage in his the BBC. president of acascholarship in In addition to his essential roles BY EMILY TARINELLI ’25 - Dorothy Mosby demic affairs and the field of In- within the College community and SPORTS EDITOR dean of faculty. ternational Rela- extensive academic research, WestHe served in these two roles until tions and human rights during the ern also published and co-edited Content warning: this article disJuly of 2020, when he stepped down. COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to several books. He is the author of cusses transphobia. In President Sonya Stephens’ this, he looked forward to spending “Selling Intervention and War: The The National Collegiate Athletic announcement to the community more time with his family. Presidency, the Media and the AmerAssociation no longer determines about Western leaving these posiThe people who worked closely ican Public,” published in 2005. He is eligibility criteria for transgender tions, she discussed Western’s role with him recalled his ambitions for also the co-editor of “The Internain the Mount Holyoke communi- his time after removing himself from tional Community and State-build- student-athletes in college varsity ty. “[As a] strong advocate for the the administrative positions. ing: Getting Its Act Together?,” pub- sports. Now, athletes must look to requirements set by their sport’s Mount Holyoke faculty and a deeply “When [Western] stepped down lished in 2012, and of “Global Giant: national governing body, the NCAA valued thought partner to me and as dean in the summer of 2020, he Is China Changing the Rules of the announced in a press release on Jan. to his colleagues in the leadership planned to work on his book manu- Game,” published in 2009. Outside of 19. team, [Western] has worked close- script on Dorothy Fosdick, a Smith his academic work, Western worked According to the press release, ly with the Board of Trustees, with [College] grad[uate] who went on with the Northampton Robotics the policy is effective immediately. valued alums and donors to promote to become the first woman to hold Team as a lead mentor. Starting with the 2022 winter chamacademic priorities, with our faculty a key policy position at the U.S. Eva Paus, a Mount Holyoke propionships, transgender athletes governance representatives, depart- Department of State,” Dorothy E. fessor of economics who co-taught must report “sport-specific testosterment chairs, and with many faculty, Mosby, interim dean of faculty, vice courses with Western and co-edited one levels” four weeks before their individually and in other groupings, president for academic affairs and a book with him, stated that Western sports’ championship selections. to shape new academic departments Mary E. Woolley professor of Span- was one of a kind. Once the policy is fully implementand to support curricular review,” ish, recalled. “Since he started at Mount Holy- ed in the 2023-2024 academic year, Stephens wrote. “A friend and longIn 2020, Western, alongside six oke in 2000, I have come to deeply ap- athletes will need to provide testostime colleague to many faculty and Mount Holyoke students, uncovered preciate his outstanding qualities as terone levels three times through-
Mount Holyoke News
a scholar-teacher, as a cosmopolitan thinker who was passionate about human rights and a just global order, as an administrator who understood the need for a liberal arts college to rise to the demands of our time, and as a good friend who was supportive, willing to disagree and fun,” Paus said. “I will miss Jon dearly. He leaves a hole in our hearts and our lives.” Mosby shared this sentiment, remembering Western’s professional and personal vitality. “He embodied the Maya Angelou quote, ‘People [will forget] what you said, … but people will never forget how you made them feel,’” Mosby stated. “[Western] made people feel seen and heard. Relationships and personal connections meant a great deal to him and it was always touching to know that he listened and that you mattered.” The Mount Holyoke community mourns the loss of this central figure, as a teacher, mentor and friend. Western is survived by his wife, Jenifer, and sons, Charley and Alex.
NCAA changes the eligibility policies for transgender athletes
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out the season: at the season’s start, six months into the season and four weeks in advance of championship selections. If the athlete’s sport’s national governing body has no eligibility policy for transgender athletes, then the sport’s international federation rules will be applied. However, if the sport’s international federation has no policy, athletes should follow the International Olympic Committee rules. NBC News reported that the previous NCAA policy, established in 2010 and implemented uniformly across all collegiate sports, required that transgender female athletes undergo one year of testosterone suppression in order to compete on a women’s team. Given that many Olympic athletes were former NCAA athletes, the updated rule is meant to further align the NCAA with the IOC’s sport-specific standards, the press release stated. The policy update arrives at a time rife with controversy surrounding transgender inclusion in women’s sports. U.S. News & World Report noted that since the inception of the original NCAA policy, 10 states have passed laws that ban transgender athletes from participating on school sports teams that match their gender identity. In an email to the Mount Holyoke News, Mount Holyoke College alumnus Emet Marwell ’18 spoke of the NCAA’s failure to ensure transgender inclusion in sports. Marwell, who is transgender, competed on the field hockey team at Mount Holyoke and is currently a member of Athlete Ally, a nonprofit, sports-based LGBTQ+ advocacy group. Marwell stated that the NCAA’s new transgender inclusion policy was in “stark contrast” with the NCAA’s mission statement, which spoke of its commitment to fairness and well-being for student-athletes. “The NCAA claims to be a leader in diversity and inclusion, but by deferring to national sport governing bodies with regards to trans and non-binary inclusion, they are refusing the opportunity to create a truly inclusive policy,” Marwell said.
Marwell said that the policy is “informed only by uneducated and transphobic rhetoric that targets trans women under the guise of protecting women’s sports.” He described that the original policy, while flawed, at least managed to work for over 10 years. The new policy, however, is “a huge step backwards.” Marwell also compared the new NCAA policy to the IOC policy. “[The NCAA] did not include the protections and safeguards that the IOC included,” he said. “In fact, the new NCAA constitution eliminates previous non-discrimination language.” According to NBC News, critics on both sides of the issue agree that the NCAA’s policy change will lead to confusion, especially since it was introduced amid the recent controversy regarding transgender swimmer Lia Thomas’s place on the University of Pennsylvania Women’s Swimming and Diving team. “‘This update complicates the NCAA policy in a way that I don’t believe they are equipped to handle,” Chris Mosier, a transgender activist, triathlete and duathlete, said in an interview with ESPN. “Given that many [national governing bodies] have not created policies for transgender athletes, and that polices vary from sport NGB to NGB, tracking compliance is going to be a nightmare for the NCAA.’” Nancy Hogshead-Makar, a former Olympic swimmer and the founder of Champion Women, a group that seeks to elevate women and girls in sport, also voiced her thoughts. “The new NCAA policy sounds a lot like the old one. The board hasn’t resolved the intractable balancing between fairness, playing safety and inclusion,” Hogshead-Makar told ESPN. When Thomas posted the fastest times in the country this season in the 200-yard freestyle and 500-yard freestyle at the Zippy Invitational in Dec. 2021, NBC reported, several debates began among the public regarding her right to participate in the sport. Hogshead-Makar published an op-ed in Swimming World Magazine that argued against Lia Thomas’ inclusion on the women’s team on the grounds of “fair” competition. Joanna Harper, a transgender runner who published the first performance analysis of transgender athletes in 2015, offered a different perspective. Her 2021 review in the British Journal of Sports Medicine acknowledged that even with three years of hormone therapy, transgender women are on average stronger than cisgender women — though the review studied non-athletes. However, Harper maintained that this finding should not hinder the participation of transgender women in athletics. “We allow advantage in sports,” Harper said in a report by NBC News. “But just saying that trans women have advantages, while true, doesn’t mean that trans women shouldn’t be CONTINUED ON PAGE 6
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GLOBAL 3 Continued COVID travel bans target African countries February 4, 2022
. Mount Holyoke News
BY CYNTHIA AKANGA ’25 STAFF WRITER
Two months ago, South African researchers discovered the new COVID-19 variant now named Omicron. While their prompt report garnered accolades from the World Health Organization, many countries in the West, such as the U.K., U.S. and Canada, readily enacted travel bans against South Africa and other African nations. The justification behind the travel bans was to reduce the spread of the Omicron variant. However, according to the WHO, “Implementing blanket travel bans, which are not effective in suppressing international spread, as clearly demonstrated by the Omicron experience, … may discourage transparent and rapid reporting of emerging [variants of concern].” As reported by BBC, a statement by the South African foreign ministry criticized the travel bans, stating that the bans were “akin to punishing South Africa for its advanced genomic sequencing and the ability to detect new variants quicker.” Nafeesah Ahmed-Adedoja ’23, an international student from the U.K. and Nigeria, said, “The fact that a developing nation can detect a variant is very powerful to me. I’m proud that it was done in South Africa and [that] we have the technology to detect variants.” Ahmed-Adedoja further added, “[Though], instead of being applauded for the work that South African scientists did … it was used against Africa because … in the early days of the pandemic, Africa wasn’t being affected as much by the pandemic … compared to countries in the West.” In the same vein, Diamond Abiakalam-Chinagorom ’25, an international student from Nigeria, stated, “In the initial stages of the pandemic, many articles talked about how this would be [catastrophic] for low-income, developing countries in Africa. But the reality was that [Af-
rica had] the lowest mortality rates, [which] caused a shock factor.” Last year, the WHO reported that Africa was the continent with the least impact from COVID-19 out of all continents. As reported by ABC News, Wafaa El-Sadr, chair of global health at Columbia University, said, “Africa doesn’t have the vaccines and the resources to fight COVID-19 that they have in Europe and the U.S., but somehow they seem to be doing better.” Many African leaders also criticized the travel bans, especially the U.K. travel ban that consisted only of eleven African countries — Angola, Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe. Nigeria’s high commissioner, Sarafa Tunji, agreed with UN Photo courtesy of Flickr secretary general António Guterres, The U.K. announced a travel ban against several African countries amid COVID-19 outbreaks, despite relatively low cases in the targeted nations. who called the U.K.’s red list “travel apartheid”, as reported by NewsConAhmed-Adedoja further illus- have to be in a chain of silence forev- stuck or had to pay crazy hotel fees,” cerns. Similarly, CNN reported that trated how African countries are er,” Ahmed-Adedoja said. Abiakalam Abiakalam said. Due to Nigeria’s Lazarus Chakwera, the president of treated differently than other na- had mixed emotions. “I was happy placement on the red list, people Malawi, used the term “Afrophobia.” tions. She continued, “People in the because it’s time for us to speak up coming from there had to pay apSimilarly, Ahmed-Adedoja high- Netherlands admitted that they had to countries in the West even though proximately £2,285 out of their pocklighted the unfair treatment of Afri- discovered the variant and not re- they have more political power in the ets to quarantine for ten days in a cans in response ported it. There world. It’s time for us to start being hotel, as reported by The Guardian. to the Delta variwas no action seen as equals,” Abiakalam said. “I South African President Cyril “It’s time for us to speak ant. She stated, taken against feel like this is really changing the Ramaphosa said, “The only thing up to countries in the West the Netherlands narrative of how the world sees Af- the prohibition on travel will do is to “When the Deleven though they have more or any other Eu- rican countries as always being sub- further damage the economies of the ta variant developed, a ban affected countries and undermine political power in the world. ropean nation, missive.” wasn’t immedifor that matter. Though both students were their ability to respond to and also It’s time for us to start ately imposed It seems like happy about Nigeria putting their to recover from the pandemic,” as being seen as equals.” on India. In fact, there’s always a foot down in response to the unfair reported by The Guardian. many news artipattern where travel ban, they acknowledged the Ahmed-Adedoja further excles pointed out if you’re in the toll that these travel bans took on plained the effect on the economy, – Diamond Abiakalamthat they waited West, then there Africans both at home and abroad. shining a light on the “stigma” that Chinagormo ’25 too late to put is [a] kind of Ahmed-Adedoja highlighted, “Many travel bans can impose on countries. India on the red forgiveness, but Africans suffered because they She expressed that the effects of the list.” if you are in a couldn’t see their families or go back travel bans are long-term, so even Yvette Cooper, the Labour MP developing nation then it’s not the to their country of residence. Most when restrictions are lifted, affected who chairs British Parliament’s same thing.” importantly, the economy of these countries still suffer from the ban’s Home Affairs Committee, told the Ahmed-Adedoja was happy countries went downhill.” implications. She continued, “If a BBC’s Andrew Marr Show that, the Nigerian government spoke “There are many Nigerians in country is put on a red list, then it “[The U.K.] should have put India on out against the travel ban. “It was the U.K., so many citizens were per- shows that its ability to deal with the red list at the same time as Paki- groundbreaking and very import- sonally affected. Also, the ban was the pandemic is not very effective. stan and Bangladesh.” Cooper says ant in the long run for other African during Christmas when many Nige- These would also affect the economy the delay led to an influx of cases of countries to be able to realize that rians come back home to visit their of these countries … because fewer the new variant. they can speak out and they don’t family. So, a lot of Nigerians were tourists would want to travel there.”
Russian President Vladimir Putin threatens Ukraine with increased military presence at the Russia-Ukraine border
Photo courtesy of WikiMedia Commons Russian President Vladimir Putin recently sent additional troops to the Russia-Ukraine border.
BY LAUREN CINCOTTA ’25 STAFF WRITER
In December 2021, Russian President Vladimir Putin increased the presence of Russian troops on the Russia-Ukraine border. The New York Times reported that this maneuver was accompanied by demands that the North Atlantic Treaty Organization should violate its standing open-door policy, which permits any country to apply for membership, and bar Ukraine from ever applying for membership. In the same article, the Times reported that Putin also “wanted NATO allies to pull all troops and nuclear weapons from former Soviet republics and nations that once belonged to the Warsaw Pact.” The Warsaw Pact, a 1955 agreement between Eastern European countries and the Soviet Union, was designed to combat the NATO alliance, which consisted of Western
countries. The pact dissolved with the Soviet Union in 1991. Despite former Soviet Union members like Ukraine being separate countries, Russian influence in these regions remains strong. “For many Russians in their perception, Ukrainians are pretty much the same people,” visiting professor in International Relations Natalie Sabanadze said. She cited a long shared history between the two countries and mobility during the Soviet Union as contributing factors. In regions of the country like Donetsk and Luhansk, there is a high concentration of ethnic Russians and Ukrainian-born-Russian speakers. “In those areas, there has always been more sympathy towards Russia, … more connections and more acceptance of this idea that we are two brotherly people,” Sabanadze added. However, in Western Ukraine, there is more resistance to Rus-
sian influence. This division within Ukraine, Sabanadze explained, makes it possible for Russia to continue pushing further into the country. The Ukrainian region of Crimea was annexed by Russia in 2014, after they established a strong military presence in the region and held a vote, according to The Washington Post. “The result was what Putin wanted,” Sabanadze said. “But there were, I’m sure, quite a number of Russians there who said, ‘Fine, I want to be part of Russia,’ and voted for it; so it gave some legitimacy to this illegitimate act of annexation.” This annexation further complicates the goals of Ukrainian nationalists in the West, who seek, among other priorities, for the country to join NATO. Joining NATO would be a dramatic shift toward western influence and independence for a former Soviet State like Ukraine. According to Stephen Jones, Professor of Russian studies, the annexation of Crimea may have pushed some Ukrainians away from a close relationship with Russia. “After 2014, things switched. Putin’s strategy of intimidating Ukraine, and maintaining Ukraine as a sphere of influence, has actually pushed most Ukrainians into a much more pro-Western view, which wasn’t something necessarily held a decade ago.” Jones continued, “Russia’s actions have actually pushed Ukraine toward the West, which was exactly what Putin was trying to avoid.” In 2008, when both Ukraine and former Soviet state Georgia were applying for NATO membership, members of the alliance debated over their acceptance, because of threats from Russia. According to Sabanadze, these tensions resulted in a difficult compromise. NATO released a statement at the time, promising membership to both countries in the future. Shortly after, Russia invaded Georgia. Russian military intervention, such as the 2008 invasion of Georgia, has occurred in many countries in the former Soviet Union, creating difficulties for any country, including Ukraine, who wishes to align itself with the West. “Basically, what Russia says is, ‘I want to undo the post Cold War order in which Russia was
a loser, and you guys were winners, on how to handle these recent deand you came way too close to us,’” mands is creating conflict, calling on Sabanadze said. She believes that foreign powers to pick sides as they an invasion of Ukraine at this point did during the Cold War period in would be costly, and is not some- the 1980’s. Now, the world is waiting for thing that Russia would consider lightly. However, there is a desire to Russia to respond to the U.S. Jones believes the consequences of this convey strength. “It’s about the new order. It’s standoff could come in the form of about Russia asserting itself, say- economic measures, stating, “Much ing ‘I have my sphere of legitimate of [Russia’s] economic activity is interest and your intrusion into that dependent on its financial services sphere is a hostile move in the per- sector, particularly Russian banks. If they were in some way restricted ception of Moscow.’” in their activi“Russia cannot be ignored,” “This probably is the most ties, that would be a terrible blow Jones said. “Aldramatic moment that we to Russia. So, the though it’s a are living since the collapse West does have weak economy, important ecoit’s a very imof the Soviet Union.” nomic weapons portant regional that it can use.” power in Eastern – Natalie Sabanadze While a RusEurope, so the sian invasion of U.S. has to pay Ukraine would attention. That’s what Putin has achieved. What he likely result in a long war that would wants to do is to divide Europe and be difficult for Putin to control, Jones the U.S., but actually he seems to believes other concessions might be unite them in terms of their convic- acceptable. “[Putin] might try [to] extract tion that Putin has to be resisted.” Jones noted that, in the past, West- some sort of promise from NATO ern countries have not always acted about not going any further, or reas strongly in opposition to Russia strictions on its troop deployments as they are now. He believes that … But he is in a very difficult posithis might impact the outcome of tion now because if he does withthis current standoff. “It puts [Pu- draw, he can’t just withdraw. He has tin] in a difficult position. If he does to withdraw with something,” like retreat, how does he retreat? What concessions from the Ukraine. Ancan he get away with when he re- other possibility, Jones said, is that treats without looking like this was Russia could take another part of Ukraine as a result of peace talks, to all about bluff?” he asked. According to an NBC News arti- prevent a larger invasion. “The demands are the kind that cle about the U.S. response to Russian demands, “Secretary of State [Russia] knows — they’re not going Antony Blinken said there was “no to be met,” Sabanadze concluded. change” in the Biden administra- “Russia is putting up demands it tion’s position that NATO maintains knows will be rejected, but another its open-door policy for countries is that it has published its proposals. to join the trans-Atlantic alliance. This is also something very rare in He did not offer specifics about the diplomacy.” The high profile diplomatic response, which he said would not be released publicly.” The public negotiation between Russia and nature of Russia’s demands puts Ukraine as well as other major powthe spotlight on different nations ers including the U.S. and Europeas they respond. “The result [of the an allies has captured the world’s current Russian demands] is that attention. As the situation evolves NATO once again found that neu- daily, international tensions contral countries, such as Finland and tinue to rise. “This probably is the Sweden, are seriously considering most dramatic moment that we are joining NATO and this new cold war living since the collapse of the Soviet situation is being established.” Forc- Union,” Sabanadze declared. ing global powers to make choices
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ARTS & ENTERTAINMENT
February 4, 2022
. Mount Holyoke News
André Leon Talley, former Vogue editor-at-large, dies at 73 Morning Post, Talley moved to New York City at 26, going on to work as an apprentice alongside Diana Content warning: this article dis- Vreeland, a special consultant at cusses racism. the Metropolitan Museum of Art’s Costume Institute. Through this exAndré Leon Talley was fash- perience, Talley immersed himself ion’s greatest moments personified. into the magazine world. He became The larger-than-life stylist, writer the receptionist at Andy Warhol’s and former Vogue editor-at-large Interview Magazine and, under Eddied on Jan. 18 at age 73. His death itor-in-Chief of Vogue Anna Winleaves a gaping void in the global tour, the creative director — and fashion landsubsequent ediscape. He was tor-at-large — of American artist Vogue. For Talley, to be a Black Andy Warhol’s Talley’s legaman in fashion meant brav- cy lies in countmuse and a close confidante to less places and ing the cultural and racial some of fashion’s minefields that the fashion projects. A few biggest names of these include universe of his time was so his work styling like Naomi Campbell, Karl fraught with. political figures Lagerfeld and like former First Yves Saint-LauLady Michelle rent. He was the first Black person Obama and Vice President Kamala to grace Vogue’s masthead. In his Harris, guest judging four seasons lifetime, he worked to shape the pre- of fashion reality series “America’s dominantly white industry with his Next Top Model,” writing two memgrandiose perspective. Edward Enni- oirs and starring in a documentary ful, the first Black Editor-in-Chief of on his life, “The Gospel According to any Vogue, paid his tribute to Talley André.” on Instagram, “Without you, there Perhaps his largest impact was would be no me. Thank you for pav- felt in his constant battle to push ing the way.” racial boundaries in the fashion inGrowing up during the Jim Crow dustry. For Talley, to be a Black man era, Talley ignored the incessant in fashion meant braving the culbullying by his peers and found ref- tural and racial minefields that the uge in fashion upon discovering a fashion universe of his time was so Vogue issue in his church library. fraught with. He not only overcame In a 2018 interview with NPR, Tall- racist taunts from his colleagues –– ey commented that this experience such as being nicknamed “Queen “felt like traveling down a ‘rabbit Kong” –– but also fought hard for hole,’ into a ‘world of glamour.’” inclusivity in all arenas of his career. According to the South China In his tribute to Talley, which BY SIONA AHUJA ’24 ARTS & ENTERTAINMENT EDITOR
Photo courtesy of Flickr Talley pursued a multitude of projects throughout his career. Recently, he became known for styling political figures such as Former First Lady Michelle Obama and Vice President Kamala Harris.
appeared in a recent issue of Vogue, Hamish Bowles — contributor and European editor-at-large for American Vogue — commented on Talley’s tenacity. “[Talley] pushed and fought for diversity at every turn, nurturing, supporting and promoting young and established designers and models and performers of color, and making sure that they found
their place in the pages of the magazine, on the runways, in the stores,” Bowles wrote. Talley’s commitment to inclusivity was evident in his actions. In a 1996 “Gone With the Wind” themed shoot by Vanity Fair, Talley cast supermodel Naomi Campbell among other Black models. In 2018, he wrote an opinion piece for The Washing-
ton Post, celebrating Vogue hiring its first Black photographer for the Sept. 2018 issue, which featured Beyoncé on the cover. He praised the cover’s ode to Blackness but also added that the milestone was “a long time coming.” In his memoir, “The Chiffon Trenches,” Talley wrote about how playing any kind of role in the fashion industry once seemed impossible because of his race. He wrote, “To think of where I’ve come from, where we’ve come from, in my lifetime, and where we are today, is amazing. And, yet, of course, we still have so far to go.” Standing at six feet six inches, Talley was as loud as he was tall. His staple outfit –– custom-made capes, kaftans and gloves by designers like Karl Lagerfeld and Valentino –– captured his resplendent attitude. He did not submit to fashion’s narrowly defined standards and, in doing so, changed the standards of fashion itself. With the news of Talley’s death, a sea of tributes from celebrities flowed in on social media, underlining his grace and kindness. In an Instagram post, American fashion designer Marc Jacobs wrote, “You championed me and you have been my friend since my beginning. … You and your passions were larger than life.” Despite being a man of the world, Talley considered the greatest luxury to “impart to humanity something that will enrich their lives,” according to a 2010 interview with the Yale Daily News. And that, he certainly did.
Afrofuturist exhibitions showcase a celebration of the African American identity through both past and contemporary lenses BY LILY HOFFMAN STRICKLER ’24 STAFF WRITER
Over the past several years, the art world has seen a significant increase in exhibits exploring the amalgamation of both past and present representations of the Black identity. According to a 2021 Axios article written by Russell Contreras, many of these include escapist art pieces that center around themes of science fiction and fantasy, also known as Afrofuturism. From banners to dresses made of paper and Swarovski crystals to multi-colored quilts, Lauren Halsey, Fabiola Jean-Louis and Bisa Butler have been steadily making an impact on the art scene through their work across various mediums. These three Black female artists all have a vision of African American identities through both past and contemporary lenses: a vision they aim to share with the world. “The Banner Project: Lauren Halsey” Museum of Fine Arts; Boston
Photo courtesy of Mount Holyoke College Art Museum (Laura Shea) Bisa Butler’s “Broom Jumpers,” 2019. The piece was made using cotton, silk, wool and velvet.
In the Linde Family Wing of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, you can find large-scale banners depicting an eclectic blend of Ancient Egyptian and 1970s funk imagery. These banners, a product of artist Lauren Halsey’s creative approach to visual art, serve to “celebrate and protect Black life,” according to the museum’s website. Inspired by the Afrofuturist artistic movement, Halsey’s work contains imagery of
ancient Egypt and Nubia, selected from the museum’s own art collections, juxtaposed with themes of Black American culture, presented in a psychedelic style with interspersed hints of modernity. Halsey, born in Los Angeles, California, creates these banners to examine the beauty of African American culture and history, both within her own community in Los Angeles and outside. “I want to compel dreaming, new aspirations, proposals for the future,” Halsey wrote in her artist statement on the museum website. Halsey hopes that the spaces she aims to create for Black people through her work will be “actually functional in a neighborhood as habitats,” rather than centralized within the walls of a museum installation. Her work serves as a representation of her vision for how African American identities and spaces could mold and grow in the future. “Before Yesterday We Could Fly: An Afrofuturist Period Room” Metropolitan Museum of Art; New York City In her work, Fabiola Jean-Louis also celebrates and explores African American identity. A self-described “multifaceted artist,” Jean-Louis creates pieces through the application of many different mediums to explore and inform viewers about the intersectionality of the African American experience, both through a fantastical and Afrofuturistic lens.
Famous for her work in paper textiles and sculptures, photography and paintings, Jean-Louis made a name for herself as the first female Haitian artist featured in a longterm exhibition at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City. “The Dirty South” & “Rituals of Resilience” Contemporary Arts Museum Houston & Minneapolis Museum of Art Contemporary fiber artist Bisa Butler’s work was displayed in the Mount Holyoke College Art Museum in 2019, during which her quilt titled “Broom Jumpers” came into the museum’s possession, seemingly catching the attention of students and faculty alike through its bright color and tedious detailing. “I usually start doing … a month of just research, looking online, looking in public databases for images that strike me,” Butler told Associate Curator Stephanie Sparling Williams during a discussion about her process of making quilts in March 2020. Butler’s work focuses on allusions to and retellings of more subtle and obscure aspects of Black history, as well as explorations into her own past, the subjects of her work being both personal and historical figures. Her highly saturated and jewel-tone quilts make for an eye-catching examination of both the past and present beauty of the African American identity. Butler currently has two exhibitions on display.
‘Craig of the Creek’ pushes LGBTQ+ representation forward BY ROWAN BERNSTEIN ’22 STAFF WRITER
Packed with childhood nostalgia, anime references and plenty of adventure, Cartoon Network’s “Craig of the Creek” seems to have something for audiences of all kinds, including those looking to see themselves represented on screen. The series has always featured a great deal of diversity among its young characters, and recently, LGBTQ+ characters have taken center stage in a touching episode about self-acceptance. The animated series follows 10-year-old amateur mapmaker Craig Williams (Philip Solomon) as he and his friends adventure through the woods surrounding their local creek. While exploring their fictional town of Herkleton, Maryland, they meet a diverse cast of “creek kids,” like the “Horse Girls” and the dirtbike-riding “10 Speeds,” who make the creek their home from the last school bell until dinnertime.
“Craig of the Creek” recently kicked off its fourth season with a bang, releasing eight episodes in one day. The last of these episodes, titled “Fire & Ice,” was particularly noteworthy, as it featured one of the main characters and Craig’s best friends, Kelsey Pokoly (Noël Wells), coming to terms with her crush on another girl. She and her close friend Stacks (Montse Hernandez) host a book club that encourages members to share their writing. Kelsey and Stacks collaborate on a story about two fantasy warriors named Fire and Ice, who seem to have a romantic connection. In a moment of peril, Fire confesses her feelings for Ice, saying, “Whether in death or in life, you’re the one I long for by my side.” When Kelsey and Stacks read their story to the group, Kelsey is shocked to hear that her friends have noticed similarities between the authors and their characters, and she runs away, feeling embarrassed. In “Fire & Ice,” writers and storyboard artists Leiana Nitura and
Ashley Tahilan achieve a perfect balance between implicit and explicit discussion of Kelsey’s real feelings toward Stacks. On the surface, she feels guilty that her work may be derivative of her and her friends’ personalities. But when she asks herself if they are really so similar and whether that would “be OK,” it’s clear that she is worried about more than just her story. Luckily, Kelsey’s friend J.P. (H. Michael Croner) has an idea. He suggests that Kelsey talk to his sister’s girlfriend, Kat (Charlet Chung), a professional writer. Kat reassures Kelsey that there’s nothing wrong with writing what you know, and that “you shouldn’t hold back any beautiful part of yourself.” Kelsey eventually gains the confidence to finish her story with Stacks, and
the episode concludes with the girls confessing their feelings for one another. In an era where more and more children’s shows are beginning to feature LGBTQ+ characters, “Fire & Ice” still manages to stand out. Other animated shows like “The Owl H o u s e ” and “SheRa” depict fantasy settings in which LGBTQ+ identities and relationships are a simple fact of life. Two of the main characters in “She-Ra,” Adora and Catra, face many obstacles in their relationship, but the fact that they are both girls is never one of
them. In “The Owl House,” protagonist Luz is open and comfortable with her bisexuality. These kinds of portrayals are undoubtedly important, but so are stories like Kelsey’s, where real-world homophobia plays an underlying role. While “Craig of the Creek” already features a variety of more minor LGBTQ+ characters — both kids and grown-ups alike — the reality is that, even with positive role models and an accepting community, kids may still face internal struggles when it comes to accepting their own identities. By allowing Kelsey to grapple with her feelings about her sexual orientation, the writers are able to tell a validating and realistic story. “Fire & Ice” delivers all the fun of a typical “Craig of the Creek” episode. On top of that, it showcases a sweet same-sex relationship and, above all, tells kids who see themselves in Kelsey that they, too, will be OK. Photo courtesy of Pixabay “Fire & Ice” showcases a queer love story.
February 4, 2022
SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENT
. Mount Holyoke News
5
Floating houses: Schoonschip community Climate Activist Spotlight: Iris Duquesne envisions new form of sustainable living works with Earthjustice BY SHIRA SADEH ’25 STAFF WRITER
Graphic by Sofía Savid ’24
BY HELEN GLOEGE ’23 STAFF WRITER
Iris Duquesne is an 18 year old climate activist from France. Duquesne first became aware of climate change during her late elementary school years, according to a podcast interview with The Guardian. She assumed that adults and those in power were doing something to combat the climate crisis, but when she looked into the issue she was underwhelmed by the amount of attention it was receiving. Duquesne said she wanted to “bring [her] opinion to the table and try to do something.” According to an article from Le Parisien, Duquesne was drawn to climate activism when she joined “Heirs to our Oceans,” a youth-created and led initiative, after she and her family moved to California. Duquesne was also influenced by weather she experienced, including a heatwave when she was a baby and Storm Xynthia, which led to her “developed fear of rain” and “recurring nightmares of tsunamis and storms.” According to Earthjustice, on Sept. 23, 2019, Duquesne, along with 15 other children, lodged a complaint against France, Germany, Argentina, Brazil and Turkey through the United Nations Convention on the
Rights of the Child. Earthjustice and Hausfeld, a global law firm, are representing the children’s claim that their rights as children as held under the Convention were “violated by the failure of nations to seriously address the climate crisis.” Prior to the UN Climate Change Conference, the group of 16 found out that the UN Committee refused to hear their case, according to Earthjustice. Additionally, Earthjustice wrote, the Committee claimed that the petitioners must go to the individual countries in question and make their case within their own courts. The climate organization also reported that the Committee agreed each country has an individual responsibility to reduce their emissions, and that “the youth are victims of foreseeable threats” caused by climate change, despite their refusal to hear the children’s case. In Earthjustice’s response statement, Duquesne said, “We are all very disappointed but unfortunately not surprised.” In an interview with The Guardian, Duquesne pointed to the role of smaller communities in the fight against climate change and urged people to create a “culture of protecting the environment within your communities.”
to take on the challenge of both According to a report by the Urcombating and adapting to climate ban Climate Change Research Netchange. work on rising sea levels, as many as De Blok is one such individual. 800 million people could be living in a In the face of shifting environmental conditions, a group led by Inspired by a short documentary she city at risk of flooding by 2050. These Marjan de Blok has taken to the wa- filmed about a sustainable floating cities include Mumbai, Dhaka, Kolkter. Schoonschip, a self-sustaining house, de Blok set upon a mission: ata, Dar es Salaam, Miami, GuangAmsterdam community of 46 float- to build not one sustainable floating zhou and New York City, many of ing houses, presents an alternative house, but an entire neighborhood. which have varying amounts of reWith no prior sources to respond to environmental way of sustaina r c h i t e c t u r a l challenges. able living in a Spread over thirty lots and or engineering Additionally, each city presents changing world. now home to approximately experience, de different risks: While Miami, GuangAc c o r d i n g Blok, a popular zhou and New York City could lose to the European 150 individuals, SchoonsTV director by up to 3.5 trillion dollars in assets and Union’s Coperchip — which translates to day, partnered technology in the next 50 years, milnicus Climate “clean ship” in Dutch — is with friends and lions could die due to unequipped Change Service, colleagues in infrastructure in Mumbai, Dhaka, 2021 marked self-sufficient in its energy the Amsterdam Kolkata and Dar es Salaam. For exthe latest in a needs. area to create ample, when Hurricane Sandy hit seven-year-long S c h o o n s c h i p , New York City in 2012, the city was stretch of the highest temperatures on record. If a self-sustaining community of 46 able to spend over 19 billion dollars current carbon emissions trends floating houses. Spread over thirty to recover from infrastructure damcontinue, 2022 will add to this streak. lots and now home to approximate- age and the commercial activity that As a future on a changed Earth ly 150 individuals, Schoonschip — ground to a halt during a mass powmay be hard to imagine, several psy- which translates to “clean ship” er outage. Contrastingly, the report spotchologists from the American Psy- in Dutch — is self-sufficient in its lights Dar es chological Association have coined energy needs. It Salaam, the the term “eco-anxiety:” the feeling currently uses a of largest city in of dread related to climate change. A combination [Schoonschip] currently Tanzania and February 2020 survey from the APA solar panels, heat reported that approximately two pumps and green uses a combination of solar a vulnerable area in terms thirds of American adults admit- roofs to run, and panels, heat pumps and of geographted to feeling at least some levels of its residents plan green roofs to run, and ical location eco-anxiety, with nearly half of those to begin convertwastewater and resourcunder the age of 34 claiming that ing its residents plan to begin into energy as well eco-anxiety affects their daily lives. converting wastewater into es. Currently, 8 percent of Experts such as Dr. Thom- in the near future. energy as well in the near A Washingthe city lies as Doherty, a practicing therapist below sea levand co-founder of environmental- ton Post article future. el — and with ly-focused certificate programs in highlighting the unstable infraPortland, Oregon, and Dr. Ashlee Schoonschip iniCunsolo, scholar of societal and tiative shows people living in close structure for drainage, sewage and environmental impacts on Indige- proximity to each other, creating a piping systems, the city struggles to nous health at Memorial University close-knit community for both chil- conduct a standard state of affairs of Newfoundland, see hope in the dren and adults. Some homes are (public transportation is halted, and increasing levels of citizen and stu- filled by two separate families, while blackouts are frequent) from yearly dent engagement. In an interview some house multiple generations. rainfall. Major flooding at the scale last year with the American Psycho- They communally share resources outlined in the report would be catlogical Association, they both spoke such as energy and food, and spend astrophic. The UCCRN report clearly outabout their experiences working at much of their time engaging with the the intersection of climate change community. In an interview with The lines a future of environmental research and mental health in the Washington Post, they spoke highly disasters if there isn’t a dramatic of this new lifestyle and encouraged decrease in carbon emissions facilipast decades. tated by world governments. “I’m getting contacted more others to look into similar projects. Schoonschip comes at a critical However, even if carbon emisand more by interested [graduate] students, which is really exciting,” time for the Netherlands. According sions began decreasing today, the Cunsolo said. “People see the impor- to Netherlands Insiders, 26 percent effects of climate change, such as tance of this and want to go into this of the country currently lies below flooding, will not disappear immesea level and 59 percent is highly diately, according to a 2022 report field now.” She went on to describe a height- susceptible to flooding. For both the by NASA. Instead, NASA scientists ened sense of awareness of the cli- Netherlands and coastal regions, recommend both mitigating climate mate crisis in young people, which innovations such as a floating neigh- change as well as adapting to its conin turn creates a rising tide of young borhood may be life-saving inven- sequences. researchers and innovators ready tions.
Annual Pioneer Valley Microbiology Symposium postponed due to COVID-19 BY IMAAN MOIN ’22 STAFF WRITER
Presenting at scientific conferences can be difficult for early-career scientists, especially with the logistical challenge of traveling to these events. Microbiologists in the Five College Consortium and beyond have the advantage of having a symposium right in their own backyard. The Pioneer Valley Microbiology Symposium is an annual graduate-student-run one-day scientific symposium hosted at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Undergraduate students, graduate students, post-doctoral researchers and faculty members who conduct microbiology research are invited to present their work. Mount Holyoke College microbiologists — professors and students alike — often attend this symposium. The symposium has typically been held in the Integrated Sciences Building at UMass Amherst in midto-late January since its founding in 2016. In 2021 and 2022, it had to adapt to the COVID-19 pandemic. Last year, the symposium shifted to an entirely virtual format using the website, “Gathertown.io.” This year, the symposium has been postponed until Saturday, March 5, due to the wave of the Omicron variant of COVID-19. The symposium organizers “hope to be able to meet everyone in-person” once the wave passes, according to the PVMS website. Amy Hitchcock Camp, associate professor of biological sciences at Mount Holyoke College, thinks scientific conferences like PVMS are important to student scientists, especially when they are in person. “I’m really impressed and proud of what [the PVMS committee] put together remotely, but it just really feels still like such a huge loss to not
have these conferences in person,” Camp said. At the first PVMS in 2016, Camp presented a keynote speech on “feeding tubes and switches in bacterial development.” Camp said that giving a keynote talk “felt really special and cool.” Camp and her lab have been active participants in PVMS since 2016, with multiple members of the Camp Lab presenting posters and a few giving talks during the sessions as well. “The fact there is a meeting here locally, in the Pioneer Valley, connecting us to our community here in Western Mass just feels super special,” Camp said. “It’s been really great, and I think they did a really impressive job last year with the remote version.” Multiple Mount Holyoke College professors, including Clare Boothe Luce assistant professor of biochemistry Katie Berry and assistant professor of biological sciences Rebeccah Lijek — leaders of the Berry Lab and Lijek Lab respectively– often bring their research students to PVMS. “There’s this big Mount Holyoke microbiology contingent,” Camp explained. In 2020, the Camp Lab, the Berry Lab and the Lijek Lab attended PVMS together. For scientists preparing to present at PVMS, the first step is to submit an abstract. Once the abstract is submitted and accepted to the symposium, speakers prepare the presentation. At PVMS, there are a handful of guests that give talks alongside the keynote speakers. The website guidelines state that talks can last a total of 20 minutes, with 15 minutes of presentation and five minutes of answering questions. The other option is to present a poster that has the details of a scientific research project, which is what many undergraduate students do at PVMS.
Photo by Katie Goss ’23 Since 2016, the University of Massachusetts, Amherst has hosted the Pioneer Valley Microbiology Symposium in the Integrated Sciences Building.
The day of the symposium is typically structured into multiple sessions that consist of keynotes speeches, talks and poster sessions. Not everyone who attends must present, however. Pioneer Valley microbiologists sometimes attend just to watch the talks and poster presentations. At the end of the symposium, awards for “Best Poster” and “Best Talk” are handed out, usually in the form of small hand-made sculptures shaped like microscopes. In 2020, PVMS was sponsored by Mount Holyoke College, Smith College and the UMass departments of Microbiology, Food Science, Chemical Engineering, Animal Science,
Animal Biotechnology & Biomedical Sciences, Molecular & Cell Biology and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology. PVMS was also supported by the companies New England BioLabs, ThermoFisher Scientific and Conagen. According to the PVMS Twitter account, sponsors for PVMS 2022 include the companies Conagen and Eppendorf. The keynote speakers for this year’s PVMS are Dr. Lesley-Ann Giddings of Smith College, Dr. Batbileg Bor of the Forsyth Institute and Berry. Berry will be presenting on her research on “sgRNAs and their interactions with proteins in disease-causing bacteria,” according
to the PVMS website. Students from the Five College Consortium and beyond will be giving their own talks and speaking at the poster presentation sessions. The Camp Lab will likely be in attendance again this year. The symposium’s slogan is “Are You a Valley Microbe?” By attending PVMS and engaging with the microbiology research happening in the Pioneer Valley, the Valley Microbe population can expand, and this student-run symposium can continue to spread knowledge and allow early-career microbiologists to get their first scientific presentations under their belts.
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. OPINION PCOS treatment needs a greater focus on mental health BY SHLOKA GIDWANI ’22 CONTRIBUTING WRITER
When Sara Ali Khan, a famous Bollywood actress in India, endorsed a fitness app called “HealthifyMe,” her face was emblazoned on billboards all across the city of Mumbai. Khan claimed that she had lost over 80 pounds during her fitness journey. Khan has been candid about her struggle with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, a hormonal disorder that causes irregular periods, weight gain, acne and [the production of] excess androgens due to the presence of cysts in the ovaries. As a person who struggles with PCOS, it is disheartening to see reductive ads like these claim to “solve” a chronic condition. Khan, of course, had all the resources available to her to lose weight for Bollywood’s unrealistic standards of beauty. It invisibilizes the rest of us, who suffer from a myriad of underlying symptoms, such as diabetes, infertility, excess body hair and male-pattern baldness. People with reproductive health issues are in dire need of a treatment plan that steers away from fitness apps like “Healthify”. Ad campaigns such as Khan’s point to the commercialization of PCOS, a disease that affects an estimated 5 million women of childbearing age in the U.S., according to Penn Medicine. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism estimated that PCOS treatment cost $8 billion nationwide in 2020, including fertility treatments, weight loss programs and hair removal procedures. The fitness and hair removal industries’ existence as a part of this treatment highlights that people with PCOS are being used as a target au-
February 4, 2022
dience for ad campaigns, rather than patients afflicted with a condition that needs to be treated. The problem of fatphobia and sexism in the medical community further worsens this issue because providers often focus on treating symptoms such as weight gain, hair loss and hirsutism rather than other underlying concerns related to PCOS. In my own experience, doctors dismissed my claims of painful periods and PMS, claiming that I had “Lean PCOS,” a term for people with PCOS who do not experience severe symptoms of weight gain. Often, mental health issues related to PCOS also go undiagnosed, as the condition is associated with an increased risk of depression, anxiety and low self-esteem, according to the National Center for Biotechnology Information. “I definitely think that there should be more of a focus on mental health while diagnosing PCOS, especially since birth control is a common treatment for the condition,” Isabel McIntyre ’22, who has PCOS, said. “This isn’t talked about a lot, but birth control causes detrimental side effects to mental health, and [this] needs to be addressed.” According to Perla Health, people with PCOS are also more likely to experience low self-esteem, psychological distress and eating disorders due to the physical manifestations of the disease. Appearance-based symptoms such as weight gain, acne and hirsutism lead to issues with body image. “I remember being 12 years old, and all of a sudden, I was gaining weight and … had a lot of acne I did not have before. At the same time, I was seeing in the media that those characteristics are considered bad,”
Mount Holyoke News
Graphic by Sunny Wei ’23
McIntyre said. She concluded that it would have been helpful to have seen affirming messages that her body is “okay and valid and worthy no matter what it looks like.” What people with PCOS need are not fitness apps and targeted ads, but rather a sensitive, holistic approach to their health. The fact that appearance-based symptoms are the only symptoms treated in the context of reproductive health sends a harmful message. It reinforces the idea that people with uteruses are only valued for their appearance, and diminishes their personal struggles. This creates problems with “invisible” reproductive illnesses such as endometriosis, which often goes undiagnosed due to the lack of appearance-based symptoms, as stated by Endometriosis News. “There is a general lack of full picture information when it comes to
reproductive health,” co-president of Mount Holyoke’s Planned Parenthood Generation Action JoJo Zeitlin ’22 said. “In general, stigmas around reproductive health also contribute to these issues.” PPGA’s co-president Cait Mallery ’22 added that the combined stigmas surrounding mental health and reproductive health tie together and impact patient diagnosis and treatment plans. The lack of healthy conversations around reproductive health incentivizes corporations to prey on patients looking for concrete solutions to their issues. A report on the Global PCOS treatment market by Bristol-Myers Squibb Company valued the PCOS market at over $3 billion, with health care corporations such as Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Bayer AG, Pfizer, Inc. and Abbott Laboratories taking advantage of this. “The answer is listening to the voices of the people who are facing
these conditions,” Mallery said. On addressing the lack of mental health awareness in reproductive health, Mallery said, “Reproductive justice is not only about bringing awareness to how mental health is compounded by physical health issues. It is also how circumstances such as lack of access to health care [and] lack of a safe community to raise a family contribute to mental illnesses.” As a person with PCOS, I expect that the medical community take my diagnosis seriously, and treat mental health and internal symptoms along with appearance-based ones. The commercialization of reproductive health needs to stop, and the medical community should be responsible for keeping corporations in check by promoting messaging that puts patient care first.
MHC alum Emet Marwell ’18 speaks on NCAA policy change, cont’d
Photo courtesy of Gay Times and Ted Eytan Effective immediately, participation requirements for trans student-athletes will now be decided by individual national governing bodies rather than the National Collegiate Athletic Association.
u
Letter to the Editor: MHC Collective’s List of Demands Dear Editor, We are the MHC Collective, a group of student workers fighting for change in ResLife. We are writing to you to say that we are tired of the mistreatment and we demand a better working environment and increased compensation for this position. We know our worth and we know that we serve an important role within the campus community, we deserve better. Resident assistants are live-in student staff members in our residence halls. Resident assistants play an important role in Residential Life and are a vital resource for many members of the campus community. They serve as role models and leaders on the floors in all of our residence halls on campus. RAs are primarily responsible for community development and student learning initiatives with a focus on promoting community engagement, academic preparedness, cultural competence and personal responsibility. These goals are accomplished through building individual connections with residents, creating engaging informational bulletin boards and hosting initiatives in the halls. RAs also serve on duty in the
residence halls, responding to incidents to provide support and referrals to residents in need. Our main demands are as follows:
COMMUNICATION 1.
HOURLY PAY 1. 2.
3.
4.
5. 6. 7.
New RAs shall receive a housing cost subsidy of 25 percent for the 2022-2023 school year. Returning RAs shall receive a housing cost subsidy of 30 percent for the 2022-2023 school year. New RAs shall be paid $7,290 — $13.50 multiplied by 15 hours per week multiplied by 18 weeks multiplied by 2 semesters — for the 2022-2023 school year. Returning RAs shall receive $8,100 — $15 multiplied by 15 hours per week multiplied by 18 weeks multiplied by 2 semesters — for the 2022-2023 school year. Hourly pay for training and Move-In days for the 2022-2023 school year. Living Learning Communities RAs shall get paid a $300 surplus for the 2022-2023 school year. In the event of the College increasing housing costs, the RAs have the right to renegotiate the subsidy amount.
2.
3.
Student representatives from ResLife shall be present at meetings with the Board of Trustees/Administration, in which discussions of RA contracts and department budgets are being voted on. Student representatives from ResLife should also be informed as soon as decisions are made regarding campus operations. If the student body will be online for a portion of the year or if a dorm will be unavailable for a given time, ResLife student-workers should be informed prior to when the entire student body is informed. The option to have town hall meetings with different departments, including ResLife Professional Staff and Financial Services, for student staff to ask needed questions to inform our decision when it comes to contract negotiations.
We need students to support our cause by following @mhccollective on Instagram. Sincerely, Mount Holyoke Collective
CONTINUED FROM PAGE 2
competing with cis women. Advantage is part of why we have winners and losers in sport, right?” Some cisgender swimmers maintain high levels of advantage over their transgender competitors. While Thomas won the 1650-yard freestyle by 38 seconds at the Zippy Invitational, as reported by NBC News, seven-time Olympic gold medalist Katie Ledecky won the equivalent 1500-meter freestyle by 36 seconds at the U.S. Open that same month, NBC Sports reported. Furthermore, decorated Olympian Michael Phelps has genetic features that give him advantages over his rivals, according to Biography. Researchers found that Phelps produces half as much lactic acid as his competitors, allowing him to recover quickly from soreness and exhaustion, among other physical characteristics that favor him as a swimmer. ESPN reported that USA Swimming, the sport’s national governing body, established its first formal eligibility criteria for transgender women on Feb. 1, 2022. The policy requires that elite athletes “maintain a testosterone level below 5 nanomoles per liter continuously for at least 36 months before competition.” A spokesperson for Penn Athletics told NBC News that the department is committed to supporting Thomas. “In support of our student-athlete, Lia Thomas, we will work with the NCAA regarding her participation under the newly adopted standards for the 2022 NCAA
Swimming and Diving Championship,” the spokesperson said. “I truly believe sport has the power to change the world,” Marwell said, reflecting on his time on Mount Holyoke’s field hockey team. “I learned more life lessons than I can count from my participation in athletics. A sports team is a place for individuals to grow and become kind, hardworking, empowered world citizens,” he said. “At the start of each academic year, the MHC field hockey team sits down and defines what ‘Hockey Strong’ means to us. In my seven years with the team, family has always been part of that definition. I would not be the person I am today with my teammates and coaches,” Marwell continued. “I don’t remember my stats from my days as a player. I remember the unwavering support I had that allowed me to become my true self. Everyone deserves a space like that.” He also spoke about the steps that the NCAA should take in order to ensure a welcoming environment for transgender athletes. “If the NCAA wants to be a leader in trans and nonbinary inclusion, it needs to take action based on what its trans and nonbinary stakeholders recommend, rather than using us as a pawn to prove their allyship,” he said. “The NCAA has failed me and every single one of its trans and non-binary constituents,” Marwell said. “They have refused to listen to the thousands of voices begging them to do right by their trans athletes. And people, real human lives, are suffering because of it.”
BOOKS & SPORTS 7 More than romance this Valentine’s Day: check out these recent releases about all kinds of love and relationships
February 4, 2022
. Mount Holyoke News
BY MAGGIE WILLS ’25 STAFF WRITER
As Valentine’s Day approaches, it’s the perfect time to celebrate all forms of love in our lives. According to Rabbi David Wolpe of Time Magazine, love is “a feeling that expresses itself in action.” This feeling manifests itself not just in romantic partners, but also in relationships between friends and family. As argued by Madeleine Dore of ABC Everyday, the love between families
and communities are just as important as romantic love, despite the weight that society puts on romantic relationships. Celebrate this month with new books highlighting modern interpretations of love in all forms. “Beautiful World, Where Are You” by Sally Rooney Published Sept. 7, 2021 “Beautiful World, Where Are You” tells the story of two friends, Alice, a novelist grappling with sud-
In ‘Call Us What We Carry,’ Amanda Gorman connects our past to our present
den widespread success and teetering mental health, and her best friend Eileen, who is questioning the success of her own career and social life. Love and relationships, despite the hardships of the modern world, are the central themes of this novel. Both Alice and Eileen navigate jobs, budding romantic relationships and an imminent fear of the future while maintaining their long-standing friendship. Through these moments of doubt, their friendship serves as an escape from real life. Their love is the central theme of this novel, which features email exchanges between the two friends. As the backdrop to this story, the book also discusses climate change and world politics. According to The New York Times, Alice’s character, a fellow contemporary novelist, is inspired by Rooney. In the time of writing “Beautiful World, Where Are You,” she was also attempting to understand her rising literary fame and the role of fiction and superfluous novels in a world filled with so much turmoil. Rooney is also the author of “Conversations with Friends” and “Normal People.” Her novel “Normal People” was longlisted for the Booker Prize in 2018 “Fiona and Jane” by Jean Chen Ho Published Jan. 4, 2022 This newly released collection of stories follows two Taiwanese girls coming of age over multiple decades. The stories alternate between the perspectives of the ambitious Fiona and the more introverted Jane, beginning with their childhoods in Los Angeles. Their relationship grows distant during their 20s as Fiona strikes out on her own in New York City. Still, their friendship remains a constant in their tumultuous lives. While the book covers themes of sexuality, grief and family, the girls’ friendship stays at the center of it all. “Fiona and Jane” is Ho’s first book, doubling as her creative writing and literature dissertation from the University of Southern California. Ho shares her Taiwanese her-
Graphic by Sunny Wei ’23
BY EDITH TIERNEY ’24 STAFF WRITER
“Call Us What We Carry” is the debut poetry collection of Amanda Gorman, who, according to NPR, became the youngest ever inaugural poet in 2021 at 22 years old. Her website notes that she graduated from Harvard with a degree in sociology in 2020, a year before she performed at Joe Biden’s inauguration. Gorman was appointed as the first National Youth Poet Laureate in 2017. Now, she is the youngest board member of 826 National, the largest youth writing network in the United States. Her first two books, a children’s book titled “Change Sings” and the published version of her inaugural poem “The Hill We Climb,” were released in September 2021. Readers can dive deeper into her work with “Call Us What We Carry,” originally “The Hill We Climb and Other Poems,” which was published on Dec. 7, 2021. The poetry collection is a reflection on contemporary American society in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, modern police brutality and the Black Lives Matter protests. As Gorman reflects on our world, she also looks back to the 1918 influenza pandemic and America’s long history of racism. Her poems vary in both linguistic and visual stylization, as she often makes creative use of shape and color in the work’s presentation. For example, Gorman features several erasure poems that repurpose the text of historical diaries, letters and records to form new, original poetry. These are sometimes displayed with a unique font and a vintage-inspired background. In other sections, Gorman’s poems are arranged in shapes and images. An example of this is a poem written in the image of a face mask titled “Anonymous” that discusses the impact of the pandemic, and particularly the use of masks as a safety measure, on our identities. In another poem, titled “America™,” the text is written into an image of the American
flag. It focuses on whiteness and colonization while employing the red, white and blue imagery of the flag. No matter the format, the poems in this stunning collection are hard-hitting, brilliant and refreshingly modern. In her poetry, Gorman speaks as a representative of Gen Z and references topics relevant to the generation. In one especially powerful poem, “The Truth in One Nation,” Gorman writes frankly about the fear of school shootings while playing off of the structure of the pledge of allegiance. Later, in “Earth Eyes,” a poem about climate change activism and colonialism, she writes: “Our short lives now aimed at the oily-headed monsters that reared / their teeth before we even gave our first wet croak. … Oh, / how we want our parents red & restless, as / wild & dying for a difference as / we are.” The collection continues with blunt, bold and powerful commentary on the world we face as young adults. Throughout the collection, Gorman’s creative use of language is potent. It includes frequent alliteration and many instances where she uses a play on words to strengthen her phrasing. Gorman often uses colloquial or traditional phrases and recontextualizes them. One example is her repurposing of the classic riddle: “Why did the chicken cross the road?” She responds with, “Because there was a white person coming down it.” A similar maneuver appears in “_ _ _ _ _ [Gated]” when she repurposes “R.I.P.” in her poem “The Truth in One Nation”: “R. I. P. / Ravaged In Pandemic. / Rifled Innocent People. / Razed Irreplaceable Persons. / Look alive everyone.” Gorman’s poems look to the past to understand the present. They range in subjects from language to identity, illness, violence and optimism. This collection forces reflection, demands change and encourages hope. It might be just the thing to carry you through this time.
Photo courtesy of Flickr Sally Rooney published her latest novel, “Beautiful World, Where Are You,” this past September.
itage and Los Angeles hometown They tackle the pains of a first love with the heroines of her book, but lost, the strength of family and the Fiona and Jane are not inspired by importance of self-compassion. Conmembers of Ho’s sistent, however, personal life. is the fact that With the Los all the essays ex“[Love is] a feeling that Angeles Times, press how love is she shared that expresses itself in action.” imperfect, messy she was mainand vital in conly interested in structing who we – Rabbi David Wolpe writing about are. close-knit friendFord is a forships between mer columnist Asian American for Daily Life, women in a setting similar to her up- a branch of Australian multimedia bringing. conglomerate Fairfax Media. She is the author of two books centered “How We Love” by Clementine Ford on feminism and hosts a podcast Published Nov. 2, 2021 called “Clementine Ford’s Big Sister From the same author that Hotline.” She is widely respected wrote contemporary feminist books in feminist circles for both her bold such as “Fight Like a Girl” and “Boys and satirical writing. Ford told The Will Be Boys,” Clementine Ford de- Guardian that for “How We Love,” livers a memoir-style collection of she attempted to stray away from essays focusing on love in all its the misandrist stereotype assigned iterations. In this collection, Ford to her in light of her first two books chronicles her life of love from child- and social media presence. Elle Hunt of The Guardian dehood to adulthood. While one essay centers on her mother’s death from scribed “How We Love” as sharcancer at 58, another highlights the ing the “surprisingly softer, more clumsiness of one’s teenage years. self-doubting side to Ford.”
Game of the Week: Basketball defeated by Smith College at home; Squash overpowers Bard College BY GIGI PICARD ’22 SPORTS EDITOR
Basketball
Mount Holyoke College Basketball fell to the Smith College Pioneers on Saturday, Jan. 29 with a final score of 85-27. Marley Berano ’25 came up with the team high of nine points. Annika Brooks ’22 set up the Lyons with eight points, while teammate
Cal McGonagle ’25 contributed five points. Katherine Rha ’25 had four points and Isabel Cordes ’24 finished with one point. Berano said, “Basketball is a long and hard season. January was packed with practices and games. It is easy to feel burnt out, but the team does a great job at lifting each other up at our lows and celebrating our highs.” To Berano, the team’s atmo-
Photos courtesy of Mount Holyoke College Athletics Top: Cal McGonagle ’25 shoots for a point at a home game against Smith College on Jan. 29.
sphere is a special one. “We pride ourselves on being a family,” Berano said. “We are all incredibly close and show so much love for each other on and off [of] the court.” Throughout the week, the team competed against SUNY Cobleskill and the United States Coast Guard Academy. The Lyons will host Clark University on Saturday, Feb. 5.
Squash
Mount Holyoke College Squash blanked Bard College 7-0 in the team’s third overall victory this season. The Lyons’ triumph against the Raptors last Sunday afternoon brought the team’s record to 3-6. Xaria Durocher ’24 opened the competition in a 3-0 shutout with scores of 11-6, 11-4 and 11-2. Giselle Cabrera ’22 then took down an opponent in four sets with final scores of 5-11, 11-5, 11-2 and 11-7. “I feel very [lucky] to continue playing, because it’s my last season and I’m really proud of my teammates for all the work they have done,” Cabrera said. “The squash team is working really hard on and off [of] the squash court, and we are really happy to see our individual improvement.” Cabrera also expressed gratitude toward Head Coach Erin Robson. “MHC is very lucky to have her. I believe she is a great squash coach because she pushes her players on and off the squash court, and also cares about us as people, not only as players,” Cabrera said. Both Melissa Marquez ’22 and Elba Barra Montgomery ’23 shutout the Raptors in separate 3-0 matches. Paige Gershuny ’25 and Elena Frogameni ’22 finished the day in shutouts of their own. The final slot came from a default by the Raptors. The Lyons will travel to Brown University on Feb. 13 to close out their regular season dual competitions.
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COMMUNITY
February 4, 2022
. Mount Holyoke News
h HOROSCOPES h BY DAVID NEJEZCHLEBA ’22 & MAGGIE DONOVAN ’23 COPY EDITOR & HOROSCOPE WRITER | LAYOUT EDITOR & HOROSCOPE WRITER
Jan. 20 – Feb. 18
Winter has been cold. The season has yet to change, but for you, spring’s green maid has come to put her hand where winter once laid. Which is to say, things are getting easier. Defrost, Aquarius, and be gentle with yourself.
May 21 – June 20
The rug has been pulled out from underneath you. Welcome the hardwood floor beneath your feet, and try to understand the relationship between recent changes and the worldview you previously endorsed. Reach out and ask questions.
Feb. 19 – March 20
As the token fish friend, you’re known for too easily taking the bait. Well, resist, Pisces! Turn over a new leaf this week and stand your ground. We know it’s not easy to pass up a juicy wiggly worm or a little ball of bread on a hook, but you’re strong and we believe in you.
June 21 – July 22
You can finally see what words were delivered by moonlight. Embrace them. Let your footprints reflect the path of stolen light on snow, the fleeting trail of the sun’s rays resting on the ocean. Your truth has been found, walk in it.
July 23 – Aug. 22 March 21 – April 19
That itchy, reckless inkling is growing, brazen Leo. Examine the causes, and then pounce. If you bake your cake with sour milk, you will be sorry, but if you wait until after your grocery trip, your keen impulses will be rewarding
April 20 – May 20
Interesting, how the fire atop a candle appears fluid – the surface smooth, its movement like water. Flame doesn’t lie, but your senses deceive you. Or perhaps it’s your perception. Falsehoods only exist because we create them. Beware the web of your own fabrications, Virgo.
If separating fact from fiction seems impossible, that’s because it is. Reality is fuzzy, it bleeds like watercolor. Aries, get your hands messy with paint — make your own truth.
Your problems might feel like a tangled pair of headphones right now. Listen to the storm, listen to the wind. Feel how much your patience has thinned. Keep focused, steady your hands and untie your knots.
Event Highlights Friday, Feb. 4
Deeper Than Skin
A supportive discussion space for Asian-identified students. Asian, Asian American, Asian Pacific Islander and South Asian individuals welcome. Facilitated by Erica Weathers, LICSW and Shirley Yuanrui Li, LICSW. Sponsored by Counseling Services. Online Event. 3:30 p.m. - 5:00 p.m.
Black History Month Movie Night
Join The Association of Pan-African Unity as we host a “Movie Night” every Friday [in February] to celebrate Black History Month. We’ll be watching The Harder They Fall. Private Location. 7:30 p.m. - 10:00 p.m.
Sunday, Feb. 6 Jewelry Making
We will be making jewelry using beads and string! The event will be on Zoom. If you sign up for the event on Embark, a bag of supplies will be placed outside your door at the time of the event! For residents of Brigham Hall only. Online Event. 5:00 p.m. - 5:30 p.m.
Wednesday, Feb. 9
Interfaith Lunch: The Essentials of a Beloved Community
Singer, dancer, actress, model, educator, writer, mom and minister Alysia Cutting joins us to continue the conversation as we honor Black History Month. The Great Room. 12:15 p.m. - 1:15 p.m.
Aug. 23 – Sept. 22
Sept. 23 – Oct. 22
No one is coming to save you. Whether it’s fair or not, whether you deserve it or not, this time you’re going to have to dive into Upper Lake, comb the bottom and find the key you lost there yourself. This statement is for metaphorical purposes only, the MHN never condones or encourages swimming in Upper Lake.
Oct. 23 – Nov. 21
Watch for ice patches as you venture toward Blanch in the frigidness: someone you recently crossed has it out for you and is manifesting misfortune your way. The forces of nature might be taking their side.
Nov. 22 – Dec. 21
Blanchard is an unstable place these days, we know. But instead of avoiding and ignoring people you know, make eye contact and give a little wave. Keep it brief, cute and casual – it might ease personal tensions and collective spirits.
Dec. 22 – Jan. 19
Oh, Capricorn, do we have scrumptious news for you! Your finances are on an upward trend, as the year’s only Aquarius new moon is landing in your second house this week. Take advantage of this, get your fiscal goals in order and treat yourself a little bit — but no need to go crazy.