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ProAgri technology for the farmer

Z a m b i a No 41

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Cover

Letter from the Editor

gricultural shows are a lifeline for the agricultural sector. It entails much more than farmers coming together to drink and eat and having idle chats about their day to day activities. At agricultural shows, very important networking is done, new products with the sure purpose of driving the industry forward are introduced, vital training is done, and important information is shared by knowledgeable and highly skilled experts. The recent Agritech was a prime example of a very productive show. A huge shock went through the agricultural community when a letter from the Ministry of Agriculture was recently issued, stating that the upcoming 2019 provincial agricultural and commercial shows in Lusaka, Southern and Western Province were cancelled. Crop failures during the droughts of the 2018/2019 season were given as a reason and it was claimed that there was nothing much to be exhibited at these shows. Every farmer in these affected provinces will beg to differ. Farming goes on whether it is raining or not. It might be in limp mode, but Zambian farmers manage to pull it through every single time and they always have something to offer.

Content

It is in drought periods where shows are actually of crucial importance. These are the times when farmers really need knowledgeable people to show them how they can cope with these tough times. And to come back to idle chat… Farmers need to socialise, motivate and support one another to keep up a high morale. Furthermore, exchanging plans and ideas to endure tough times will only benefit the farming community. It will be fatal for government to simply cancel agricultural shows. The spirit and existence of agriculture depend on it. Luckily, the Zambia National Agricultural and Commercial Show will go on as planned. The 93rd show of its kind is scheduled for 31 July until 5 August at Lusaka show grounds. This month, we publish a few more post-Agritech articles about satisfied exhibitors. Stanbic, K2 Seed, Hypeb, Amiran and Atlas Organics show us their products and services. Farm smartly! Du Preez de Villiers dupreez@proagri.co.za

Cattle Wealth Management Firm opens its doors to the public!

Green Energy: Your expert supplier of solar and water pumping solutions

Calf growth: the influence of odorants and taste buds

Sheep farming made easy: Part 15

14.

The operation and application of hay rakes and hay tedders: Part 4

21.

Make more from your crops: Processing of oil seeds - Part 16

25.

Take care of your animals with K2 Seed

27.

Hypeb is agriculture’s innovation supplier

29.

Amiran is your “one stop crop shop”

31.

YARA: Mix your own licks and save money

33.

Atlas Organics heal your soil

ProAgri Zambia 41

Cattle Wealth Management is an inventive, upcoming business that farms with cattle on behalf of people who do not have the space or expertise to keep animals. They recently held their first farmer’s day. Read everything about this fruitful day on page 2.

ProAgri technology for the farmer

Z a m b i a

Nangwenya House No. 7352 Nangwenya Road Rhodespark +26 (0)96-216-9801 www.proagri.co.za Copyright © 2019. All rights r eserved. No m aterial, text or p hotographs may be r eproduced, copied or in any other way t ransmitted without the written consent of the publisher. O pinions expressed are not n ecessarily those of the publisher or of the e ditor. We recognise all trademarks and logos as the sole property of their r espective o wners. ProAgri shall not be liable for any errors or for any actions in reliance thereon.

ProAgri Zambia Editor Du Preez de Villiers > +27 82-598-7329 dupreez@proagri.co.za Reporters Annemarie Bremner > +27 82-320-3642 annemarie@proagri.co.za Benine Ackermann > +27 73-105-6938 benine@proagri.co.za Senior Production Manager: Zainab Pandor > +26 (0)97-769-9786 zainab@proagri.co.za Marketing Manager Diane Grobler > +27 82-555-6866 diane@proagri.co.za Marketing Xander Pieterse > +27 79-524-0934 xander@proagri.co.za Tiny Smith > +27 82-698-3353 tiny@proagri.co.za Anelda Strauss > +27 74-424-0055 anelda@proagri.co.za Gerhard Potgieter > +27 74-694-4422 gerhard@proagri.co.za Design Christiaan Joubert > christiaan@proagri.co.za Enquiries Engela Botha > +27 12-803-0782 engela@proagri.co.za Accounts Ronel Schluter > +27 12-803-0782 accounts@proagri.co.za Business Manager George Grobler

The future lies in livestock: Cattle Wealth Management Firm opens its doors to the public! by staff writer

Anyone who cherishes the idea of becoming a cattle owner was welcome at the first Cattle Wealth Management field day, held recently at Ipongo, Chibombo District in Central Province.

ield days are fun days for farmers, with the added benefit of learning the latest on the subject presented. Cattle Wealth Management Firm recently held a very successful field day where all the right boxes were ticked. The firm invited the general public to its first ever field day on Saturday 25 May in Ipongo, Chibombo District in Central Province. The Field Day was themed 'Pioneering a new perspective in investment through cattle farming’. The gathering attracted almost 400 visitors, comprising both existing and prospective clients from different backgrounds such as the public and private sector, financial and insurance institutions, the local community and the agricultural sector. The field day was graced by the area’s traditional chief, His Royal Highness Chief Chitanda, and the District

Commissioner, Mr Barnabus Musopelo, who was guest of honour. The Cattle Wealth Field Day was a highly interactive platform for farming business and networking with a specific focus on this innovative ranching model. Cattle Wealth Management’s Chairman, Andrew Njovu, noted to aspiring farmers that “living in a world where principles and values are largely compromised, it has not been unusual for our clients to doubt the innovation and genuineness of the business, but we have not relented. Today, Cattle Wealth Management Firm opens its doors to the public, an opportunity which provides answers to those who have doubted and questioned the genuineness of the business. Cattle Wealth Management Firm is here, and we are here to stay!” Cattle Wealth Management Firm

Seeing is believing and the interested, aspiring cattle owners admired and took time to carefully inspect the parental stock of their soon-to-be investments. 2

(CWM), was created by three Zambian entrepreneurs – two accountants and a lawyer – who have been successful in their respective professions. The business is founded on the fundamental principles of accountability, transparency, honesty and hard work. The trio identified a gap in the industry to which Cattle Wealth Management Firm is providing a solution to individuals by husbanding cattle on their behalf. This applies to aspiring farmers who have a passion for ranching, or those who simply want to make a profitable investment, but do not have the land, time, skills and/or the resources needed to manage and grow a herd. The Cattle Wealth team explained in their presentation that an investment cycle runs for a minimum period of four years. After four years, the following options are open to you: 1. Re-invest with us: Return all or some of your animals to our management farm services. 2. Cattle opt-out: Pick up your cattle at the end of the cycle and move them to your own farm or any other preferred location. 3. Cash opt-out: Request a cash opt out and receive cash equivalent to the selling market prices of cattle at the time of opting out, minus applicable marketing expenses. 4. Self-sale option: Pick up your animals and sell them to your preferred vendor at a price determined by yourself.

ProAgri Zambia 41

Chipokota Mwanawasa, Director, speaks the cattle into the spray race.

The herd of Cattle Wealth Management has the potential to give your cattle the best genetics a farmerinvestor can buy.

The agribusiness firm marked a key milestone in its existence as it clocked one year of operations on the 1st of February 2019, and they are excited about the business projections ahead. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) estimated that the consumption of beef on the African continent will increase by 200% between 2015 and 2050. The implications of these projections are that the demand for beef will increase, which will have a positive effect on investors in cattle. Cattle Wealth Management urges all prospective clients to be part of the next generation of investors by participating in the booming industry through the firm, as there is no better time to invest in cattle than today. The current trajectory of Cattle Wealth Management (CWM) shows that in the next few years, it will be one of the leading beef cattle businesses in Zambia, but the first of its kind in this segment.

Speaking at the same event was Airtel’s Central Province Zonal Business Manager, Brian Chibesa, who launched the Cattle Wealth-Airtel Money payment platform. With this platform, Airtel aligned itself with supporting SMEs, start-ups and local innovation that create sustainable growth and development. For the Cattle Wealth Management customer, the Airtel money payment channel is a genuine proposition that provides a convenient payment method that reduces the time it takes to do transactions. Also present as exhibitors, sponsors and speakers were Professional Insurance (PICZ) and Public Service Microfinance Company (PSMFC). The presence of PSMFC was a clear demonstration of the Zambian government walking the talk. As far as civil servants’ empowerment is concerned, it gives them an avenue to buy cattle from CWM. It also shows government’s support to agricultural development in

the country, and particularly shows the confidence the Zambian Government places on locally owned businesses. Professional Insurance’s Kabwe Branch Manager, Limon Nyirenda, expressed excitement at the new partnership with Cattle Wealth to provide insurance for its animals against agricultural related risks, stating that PICZ was “very excited to have been part of the event and having sponsored it, we have seen value in what Cattle Wealth Management Firm has embarked on”. The Cattle Wealth Management Field Day offered both its existing and prospective clients an opportunity to see the animals, the farm operations, and to purchase cattle on site. The event also provided an opportunity for individuals to interact with the management team and staff, and to learn exactly what Cattle Wealth Management Firm does.

Practical demonstrations convinced potential investors that their money is safe in cattle. Cattle Wealth Management clearly impressed with these demonstrations.

In-house Veterinary Consultant Dr Malcom Chiyoba; Chairman Andrew Njovu; Sales Agent Grace Neo; Director Chipokota Mwanawasa; Foreman Laston Ng’ona and Director Joel Chitambala, are some of the highly motivated staff and ranchers at Cattle Wealth Management Firm. ProAgri Zambia 41

Living the farming dream is for everyone. Send an e-mail to info@cattlewealth.co.zm, or contact +26(0) 97-598-5366 or +26(0) 96-984-3020 for more information. Also visit their website at www.cattlewealth.co.zm or their Facebook, Twitter and Instagram pages. Their physical address is CV15 COMESA Exhibition Village, Lusaka Showgrounds. 3

ProAgri Zambia 41

Green Energy: Your expert supplier of solar and water pumping solutions by Du Preez de Villiers Water is the essence of life and it is within your reach without interruption, with the help of Green Energy.

illions of people around the world live with limited access to water. In many communities, ground water is extracted by electric water pumps that use diesel to fuel their systems. However, these systems not only require costly, regular servicing and the purchasing of fuel, they emit carbon dioxide polluting the atmosphere. Erratic rainfall also poses a huge challenge for farmers who need a consistent water supply as many farmers want to plant crops throughout the year. These are the times when you need extra help and equipment like water pumps to assist you. But water pumps need power and since Zambia is heavily dependent on Zesco and hydroelectric power, which is not always available, for peace of mind it is wise to find alternatives for a more consistent water supply. Solar water pumping, or photovoltaic water pumping (PVP), provides an alternative. After years of research and technological advances, it has proven to be operationally, financially, and environmentally sustainable. In recent years, the cost of solar technology has dropped tremendously. Water pumping is one of the simplest and most appropriate uses for photovoltaic power. From crop irrigation to stock watering to domestic uses, photovoltaic powered pumping systems meet a broad range of water needs. Most of these systems have the added advantage of storing water for use when the sun is not shining, eliminating the need for batteries, enhancing simplicity and reducing overall system costs. Prices of the solar panels used in these systems have dropped significantly. In addition, these panels last around 25 years, requiring little maintenance throughout this time. You canâ€™t go wrong when investing in

Green Energy only stocks high quality, world renowned pump brands with excellent back-up and service plans. quality water pumps and solar power systems from a respectable and renowned supplier. Green Energy is a leading Zambian company that offers anything pertaining to water pumping as well as solar power, batteries and systems needed to go off the grid. They source their products from countries renowned for manufacturing equipment of high standards, such as Italy, Germany, Canada and the United States. Their quality equipment comes with full back-up and service plans and will last much longer than the cheaper varieties, which means that you will save money in the long run. They believe foresight is the key to succes. Green Energyâ€™s main focus is on the farming community and medium to large-scale farmers are their biggest market. They are making good headway and push hard to inform the farmers about solar systems for pumps. The team at Green Energy realised that not many people know that solar panel and battery prices have dropped significantly. Now it is actually affordable. They have a system for less than $1 000, which pumps up to 8 000 litres a day, which is more than enough for 99% of medium-scale farmers. The initial capital lay-out for pumps

ProAgri Zambia 41

and solar systems are relatively huge, but a farmer will recover it in no time if compared to the huge cost of diesel, for instance, or if compared to the benefit of having a consistent supply of water all year round. The payback period is very short and after that, the farmer's electricity/water use is virtually free of charge. Green Energy offers various solutions for small, medium and large-scale farmers. They have found that there is a very large number of farmers that require water during the day only and have larger 3-phase pumps. Green Energy offers the Grundfos RSI pump inverter range that can power up to 37 kW pumps. This is a direct Solar-toPump system thatâ€™s more affordable for farmers as there is no need for costly battery backup.

The Grundfos RSI inverter is Green Energy's flagship in the range and is suitable for various water supply systems, especially irrigation and well-pumping (submersible pumps). You can send an e-mail to greenenergy.zm@gmail.com with your contact details and full requirements to become an independent farmer. 5

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ProAgri Zambia 41

Calf growth:

the influence of odorants and taste buds by Wiehan Visagie

ecently, animal nutritionists have been busy acquiring new information on farm animals’ senses of smell and taste. Whether it is chickens, pigs, goats, or cows, we know very little about the way in which their smell systems work. Although numerous studies of olfaction indicate the importance of smell to the animal, we tend to neglect this matter when we formulate feed as our aim is always to achieve higher yields. The immediate effect of that aim is more readily measurable, but our time should rather be spent on the animals’ chemosensory systems. For ruminants, taste and smell are separate senses with their own receptor organs. However, they are intimately entwined. Taste-provoking chemical molecules called tastants are detected by the animal’s taste buds, which consist of special sensory cells. When stimulated, these cells send signals to specific areas of the brain, which makes the animal conscious of the perception of taste. Similarly, specialised cells in the nose pick up odorants, which stimulate receptor proteins that initiate a neural response. Ultimately, messages about taste and smell converge, causing the animal to detect the flavours of food. According to Professor Ivan Manzini, from the Institute of Animal Science at Germany’s Giessen University, olfactory receptors in mammals represent three percent of its entire genome – the largest family of g-protein coupled recep-

tors in the genome. This indicates the importance of olfactory receptors in animals, particularly when considering the feeding of younger animals. Calves rely on their senses of smell and taste to evaluate the desirability of feed. Feed having an unpleasant taste or smell can result in lower levels of feed intake, which eventually affects the return on investment in the farm. The best way to improve the smell and taste of feed is to make use of feed flavours. Calf feed then becomes more palatable to them, its digestion is indirectly increased, and better feed efficiency is the result. In dairy nutrition, the adding of feed flavours has been widely accepted for two reasons. Calves respond better to feed with feed flavours. Calves have approximately 25 000 taste buds situated on the dorsal surface of the tongue, in the pharynx, and in the larynx. Compare this to humans (9 000 taste buds) and chickens (24 taste buds) and it becomes clear that calves need special attention. Feed tends to stay longer in the mouths of calves than other species, which will certainly favour the inclusion of feed flavours. Better feed intake and performance will be achieved. ‘Promoting’ raw materials When calves are fed on silage-based diets it might be essential to include flavours, as doing so will mask the ef-

fects of alcohols formed in the silage during the fermentation process. The palatability of these types of silage is heavily affected when they contain high levels of moisture and are not left to dry before being piled. Flavours will also play an important role when coarselychopped straw or grass is fed, as calves usually avoid these types of raw materials. Adding flavours will help to ‘promote’ feeds and a gradual increase in consumption will be observed. Growth performance of calves In a study published in the Journal of Dairy Science, calves fed flavoured feed consumed more than calves fed unflavoured feed. The researchers added flavours to milk and to a calf starter feed to determine if young calves could be encouraged to eat dry feed by association of the starter feed and the milk. Twenty-four calves received flavoured milk containing butterscotch, ethyl butyrate, and maple flavours. Twelve of the calves were fed a normal pelleted starter feed. The other twelve were fed the same starter feed, but with the addition of the same flavouring products added to the milk. After two weeks, the calves fed the flavoured starter feed began to consume more pellets than those consuming starter feed without any added flavours. This resulted in significantly higher weight gains for the calves fed on the flavoured feed, compared to the calves fed on unflavoured feed. It is therefore essential to stimulate intake in dairy calves to achieve optimal growth. As indicated by the study above and the information in literature, it is clear that calf pellets should contain quality flavourants.

You may contact Wiehan Visagie at wiehanv@novatek.co.zm or Marné Meyer at nutritionist@novatek.co.zm for any information on the safe and quality products of Novatek. ProAgri Zambia 41

Sheep farming made easy Part 15: General equipment: Water, feed and shade

ProAgri Zambia 41

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ProAgri Zambia 41

The type of feed and the method of feed provision will determine the size and shape of feeding troughs.

he welfare of your sheep depends mostly on the obvious, like sufficient water, feed and shading. When putting in some effort and care in designing these sources properly, most of your basic and day to day problems will disappear. We thank the ARC Agricultural Engineering in South Africa for making their manual on sheep production and facilities available to the readers of ProAgri Zambia. Water troughs and water basins Water troughs must provide sufficient fresh water to the sheep. The larger the volume of the trough, the less frequent the replacement tempo will be. A low replacement tempo will minimise supervision of water provision, but will also influence the freshness of the water negatively. A storage capacity of ± 3 days is proposed, to provide enough time for any repairs to be done in the event of a water supply interruption. A smaller volume of water or a relatively small surface will keep the water cooler in the troughs. Troughs must be built in such a way that they can be cleaned easily. The required volume of the water trough can be calculated according to the drinking water requirements in Table 1.

Figure 1 shows a water trough of brick and plaster that can be used successfully to simultaneously provide two camps with water. A concrete slab of 800 mm to 1 m wide and 75 mm thick around the trough will limit muddy conditions.

Figure 1: A water trough of brick and plaster.

Table 1: Water requirements of sheep Type of animal

Water requirements ℓ/day/animal

Rams

7,5 - 10

Dry ewes

7,5 - 10

Ewe with lamb

±12

Weaned lambs

±5

Water cribs must be cleaned regularly. A tap can be placed on the bottom of the crib for drainage. The ball valve must also be protected against damage. In the feedlot layout, one water crib can be built in the boundary fence between two adjacent corrals. This saves

material and labour costs. A roof can also be erected to keep the water cool, especially in summer. Automatic drinking troughs available in the trade can also be used for water provision. Each trough has its own floating valve and has a plug at the lowest end to empty it for cleaning. The troughs are manufactured from aluminium or glass fibre. Each

ProAgri Zambia 41

trough is sufficient for about 40 sheep. Comparative costs between the automatic troughs and a concrete water crib shows that a concrete water crib is cheaper than the troughs. Labour and time are, however, required for the construction of a concrete water crib. Feed troughs and basins Feed can be provided in various ways, from fixed feeding troughs to self-feeders, to loose-standing self-feeders and feeding cribs made from old car tyres. Feeding troughs are normally provided in feedlots. The type of feed and the method of feed provision will determine the size and shape of feeding troughs. Cribs in a feedlot usually consist of plastered brick walls or moulded concrete. It is preferred that feed be under a roof to protect it from rain and rotting. The roofed area prevents the immediate environment from being trampled and becoming wet and soggy. The roof columns must be placed in such a way that they will not hamper mechanical feed delivery to the crib, as well as the scraping out of manure from the concrete slab in front of the crib. A concrete slab of 800 mm wide in front of the crib is suggested to improve the conditions around the crib. The slab must be coarse so that the sheep do not slip and must be scrubbed or scraped clean at least once a week. The slab must have a slope away from the cribs. Figure 2 shows a feeding trough where only the feed is under a roof. The disadvantage of this type of trough is that the roof must be opened every time the trough has to be filled. Although it increases the labour inputs, this type of trough is cheap compared to other types where a full roof cover is used over the entire feeding area.

A typical problem at feeding troughs is that sheep are inclined to climb into the crib. This can be prevented by placing a pipe or cable of 300 to 400 mm above the upper rim of the front wall of the trough. The sheep can still put their heads through to feed, but the space is too small for them to get their whole bodies through.

Figure 4: A self-feeder decreases labour costs. Photo: farmonline.com.au Provision of shade Protection of sheep against sun, rain, hail and wind is essential. Shade in feedlots or grazing camps can be provided by means of shade netting, reeds, grass or wooden slats. These materials are relatively cheap, but if waterproofing is required, more expensive construction with corrugated sheets or asbestos sheets must be used. Shade of 0,5 to 0,75 m² per sheep must be provided.

Figure 3: Carefully placed pipework or cables prevent the sheep from climbing into a crib. Photo: threewillowsranch.com Self-feeders can be used successfully. Troughs are filled less frequently, thereby decreasing the labour input. A typical problem with self-feeders is bridge-forming that prevents the feed from being available for the sheep. An example of a portable self-feeder is shown in Figure 4.

Figure 5: Your sheep will be thankful for shade against the sun in harsh weather conditions.

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Figure 2: Feed-trough with roof to protect feed. ProAgri Zambia 41

Next month we shall look at all sorts of fences to contain your sheep. Published with acknowledgement to the ARC Agricultural Engineering for the use of their Sheep Facilities Manual. Visit www.arc.agric.za for more information. 11

TIGER ANIMAL FEEDS AND TIGER CHICKS

Attendees at the seminar held in Monze At the recent seminars in Choma and Monze, held by Tiger Animal Feeds and Tiger Chicks, guest speaker Mohsen Ganjei, the International Commercial and support Manager for IR Aviagen, educated us on the brooding management of the Indian River Breed (Tiger Chicks) in both Winter and Summer conditions. Emphasis was placed on how important the first 7 days of a broiler chick's life is in order to attain the desired profits at the end of the cycle. These regular seminars held by Tiger Feeds and Tiger Chicks remind farmers of the basics of broiler farming, which is often overlooked during the production process. It is important to attend these seminars as such vital information does not often come around free of charge! We, at Tiger Animal Feeds and Tiger Chicks are here to help you make every success of your livestock businesses.

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HELPING MAKE YOUR BUSINESS A SUCCESS

Rowena Blanco (Nutritionist and Sales & Marketing Manager at Tiger Animal Feeds) with Guest speaker Mohsen Ganjei (International Commercial and support Manager for IR Aviagen)

Mohsen Ganjei, Rowena Blanco and Given Hamanungu at the seminar in Monze

One of the proud Tiger Feeds and Tiger Chicks customers attending the seminar in Monze

The operation and application of hay rakes and hay tedders Part 4: The double rotor rake

by GJ Stoltz (Reg Eng Tech)

Double rotor rakes comes in very small to very impressively big sizes. 14

ProAgri Zambia 41

The main frame of a double rotor rake needs to be sturdy to support the two fast moving rakes on either sides.

he double rotor rake is designed with two rotors next to each other, rotating in opposite directions to form a windrow between them. Double rotor rakes can also have their rotors placed behind each other (trailed) to form the windrow on one side. This month we take a look at the main frame, hitch components, PTO drive shaft and rotors of the double rotor rake. We thank the ARC Agricultural Engineering in South Africa for making their manual on rakes and tedders available to the readers of ProAgri Zambia. This type of rake is driven from the PTO-shaft of the tractor and consists of the following: • Main frame • Hitch components • PTO drive shaft • Rotors • Windrow screen • Guide wheels and land wheels (See Figure 1).

Figure 1: A double rotor rake with two land wheels at the back and four guide wheels underneath each rotor.

Figure 2: Drive shafts are enclosed in members of this rake’s main frame.

Main frame: The main frame must be strong enough and designed in such a way that the rake can be operated smoothly, especially on rough terrain. The frame must have a high clearance, so that voluminous windrows can be formed without dragging the material along. Hinges, pivots and hydraulic components are attached to the main frame. ProAgri Zambia 41

ProAgri Zambia 41

Drive shafts are sometimes enclosed in members of the main frame, and for maintenance these members are bolted together with high tensile bolts. Gearboxes and safety guides are also mounted onto the main frame (see Figure 2). Hitch components: Some of the double rotor rakes are hitched to the two lower links of the tractor’s three point linking system (see Figures 3a and 3b). Other double rotor rakes are hitched to the tractor’s drawbar by means of a clevis (see Figure 4). It is also called a trailed double rotor rake. Smaller double rotor rakes have three-point hitch points and are therefore hitched to a tractor’s three-point linkage system. These rakes also have pivoting threepoint frames and the PTO-drive shaft operates through the three-point hitch of the rake (see Figure 2).

Figure 4: A trailed double rotor rake that hitches with a clevis to a tractor’s drawbar. The PTO drive shaft operates above the clevis to the gearbox on the main frame.

Figure 3a: This double rotor rake is hitched to the two lower links of the tractor’s three-point hitch. The PTO drive shaft is working upwards to a gearbox on the main frame.

contours. The rotors are lifted hydraulically from the tractor seat for transport purposes (see Figure 5). Sometimes it is necessary to lift one rotor for headland turns and that can also be done hydraulically from the tractor’s seat (see Figure 6).

this gearbox, two side shafts are used to drive the rotors. The shafts driving the rotors, are positioned in such a way that the rotors can be lifted vertically without damaging the shafts. On rakes where the rotors are staggered, the PTO drive shafts are partly enclosed in the boxed frame and these shafts will line up automatically when the rake is prepared for transport (see Figure 4).

Figure 3b: A chain is provided for accurate height control. The hydraulic pipes are positioned by a ring. PTO drive shaft: Where the rotors are positioned next to each other, the rake consists of a main PTO drive shaft that is connected to the tractor’s PTO shaft. This main drive shaft terminates in a gearbox, mounted on the main frame of the rake. From

Rotors: The double rotor rake is equipped with two rotors and can have a working width of up to 6,8 metres. The rotors are designed and operated the same way as the rotor on a single rotor rake. The one type of rake has the two rotors positioned next to each other while the other type has the rotors staggered (see Figures 2 and 3). Where the rotors are positioned next to each other, the rake is stabilised by two land wheels at the back and each rotor has two guide wheels for height adjustment. Each rotor is therefore independent and adaptable to ground

ProAgri Zambia 41

Figure 5: Lifting the rotors vertically without damaging the PTO drive shafts. With double rotor rakes, where the rotors are staggered, the height of the tines above the ground can be adjusted hydraulically and the rotors can also be shifted hydraulically to follow in a straight line behind the tractor for transport purposes. The windrow screen folds away automatically and the transport width will be about 2,8 m (see Figure 4). 17

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ProAgri Zambia 41

Figure 6: One rotor can be lifted in operation. The land wheels, at the back, are supporting the rake.

Photo: claas.co.uk.

Next month we shall discuss the windrow screens, guide wheels and land wheels, transport techniques and operational features of the double rotor rake. Published with acknowledgement to the ARC Agricultural Engineering for the use of their rakes and tedders manual. Visit www.arc.agric.za for more information.

The Lely Lotus Combi makes it possible to do raking and tedding with the same implement. We shall discuss tedders in a later edition.

ProAgri Zambia 41

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To find out more, visit www.fgwilsonafrica.com Or contact sales@kva.co.za

ProAgri Zambia 41

Make more from your crops Processing of oil seeds Part 16: Refining of sunflower oil on a small scale By Theresa Siebert, Petrus Britz, Pr Eng and Agrelek

ProAgri Zambia 41

flour is then mixed with a small quantity of water in a pot to form a paste, which is heated. Boiling water is added, and the mixture is stirred and brought to the boil. The heat causes the oil to leach from the cells. The mixture is allowed to cool to allow the oil to gather at the top from where it is scooped off. This method uses a lot of water. However, it is a useful method for rural households with limited resources who need small quantities of oil at a very low cost.

Present your small scale produced sunflower oil in a functional and attractive container. Photo: conors.net

he processing of small quantities of sunflower seed (between 50 and 100 kg) on a daily basis can be classified as small-scale oil processing. The main role players in this category are farmers or entrepreneurs in rural communities that seek to add value to their own sunflower crop. We thank the ARC Agricultural Engineering in South Africa who made the information available to the readers of ProAgri Zambia. The technology applied to press this quantity of seed is mostly very simple and therefore the oil yield is not as high as with the more sophisticated and expensive screw expellers. Smallscale processors usually start with the cheaper, manually operated equipment. There are several methods of producing sunflower oil on small scale: 1. The boiling method 2. The water-assisted methods 3. Batch presses using low pressure 4. Ram presses using low pressure Boiling method of producing sunflower oil on a small scale This method has been used in African countries at a household level to extract oil from pounded sunflower kernels. This method is time-consuming and strenuous, and has an oil extraction efficiency of around 40%. The harvested seeds are cleaned and purified from foreign matter such 22

as sticks and stones by screening the seeds with a set of sieves. In some instances, the seeds may be dehulled. Dehulling is achieved through friction between the seeds and between the seeds and the surface of a rotating drum. Dehulling need not be complete since the husks aid the separation of the oil from the paste. The sunflower seeds are then pounded into coarse, gritty flour. The seeds are usually grounded manually unless the local mill is accessible and affordable. The

Sunflowers Harvesting & storage Separation Cleaning (Dehulling) Pressing Clarification Packaging Crude sunflower oil Process description of sunflower oil on a small scale. (Optional process)

Water-assisted methods using low pressure to produce sunflower oil on a small scale Sunflower seeds are harvested and cleaned as described above. Dehulling is optional. The seeds are roasted over an open fire to aid the oil extraction. A perforated drum filled with seed is placed over the fire on supports, and hand-rotated by means of a handle. The rotating action promotes even heating. Devices known as seed scorchers are also available to provide a greater degree of temperature control during roasting. These devices are also capable of handling substantially larger quantities of raw material. (Illustrations and specifications of such devices are found in "Oil processing: Food Cycle Technology Source Books" â€“ see list of references). The roasted seeds are then milled into a fine powder that is mixed with a small quantity of water to form a paste containing 11 to 14% of water by weight. The paste is stirred continuously while the water is added. Mixing continues until the oil emerges spontaneously from the mass and settles at the bottom of the mixing basin. The mass is gently squeezed by hand to remove as much oil as possible. The mass is formed into balls and fried in some of the oil. This removes even more oil from the balls. The fried balls are pounded to flour and used in cooking. The overall oil extraction efficiency can be as high as 70%. The process requires only household utensils, water and labour. Small batch presses using low pressure to produce sunflower oil This is the oldest method of extracting oil from oil seeds. This process was developed to process one batch of seed at a time. Cleaned and heated (roasted) seeds are wrapped in a bag or cloth and pressed between two plates. Screws and levers apply pressure. Hydraulic plate presses are also available. (Illustrations and specifications of such devices are available in "Oil processing: Food Cycle Technology Source Books" â€“ see list of references). The screw press is manually operated, and the seeds are pressed slowly by a plunger (round steel plate) which is forced down by a screw onto the bagged seeds in a perforated cylinder. Capacities of screw presses average at around 15 kg per batch. The oil

ProAgri Zambia 41

extraction efficiency depends on the maximum pressure applied to the seed, the duration of the maximum pressure period, the rate at which the pressure is applied and the temperature and viscosity of the oil. The hydraulic press can be manually or power driven. Pressure is exerted by a hydraulic device such as a lorry jack, taking care that the hydraulic fluid does not come into contact with the seed. Hydraulic presses generate high pressures and therefore require very rigid frames. These high pressures generate heat, which increases the oil yield.

inder, the handle, with a length of 1 to 1,5 m, has to be lifted to its upper position. Pressure is applied when the handle is pushed downwards. For maximum pressure, the piston has to be pushed to its lowest position. Oil may be produced at a rate of 7 to 15 kg of seeds per hour. The quantity of clear oil obtained is in the order of 20 to 25 litres per 100 kg of seed. The oil that emerges from the cage is crude and contains seed debris. It has to be filtered with a gravity filter, or the crude oil may be left for three days for the solids to settle. Clarification of the oil can be improved by treatment with charcoal or by filtering oil through a cloth.

Small-scale sunflower oil press. Photo: photos1.blogger.com. Advantages of these presses are: • Small batch presses are simple and work well • They produce a good quality product • They are easy to repair • Purchase and operating costs are low • They do not require trained operators • These presses can be used in remote areas to satisfy the market for locally produced oil • Few resources are required for an operation of this type The disadvantages are: • Equipment is very labour intensive • Oil yield is relatively low Ram press using low pressure to produce sunflower oil on a small scale This is a continuous process used to extract oil from sunflower seeds. Projects are underway to introduce these presses, together with their supporting technology, to rural communities in Southern Africa. The seeds are compressed with a piston. The size of the piston determines the quantity of seed to be processed with each piston stroke. Compression takes place in the expeller cage. The cage comprises of a number of square bars welded together with a gap of about 0,5 mm between the bars. The crude oil emerges from the cage through these gaps. The cage is sealed with an adjustable choke in the shape of a cone. The gap between the cage and the cone is adjusted by screwing or unscrewing the cone. This is done to adjust the pressure inside the cage. The oil cake exits the expeller cage through the gap between the cage and the cone. For the seed to flow into the cyl-

Screw press used in the production of sunflower oil on a small scale. Photo: gcmachines.com Advantages of these presses are: • Ram presses are simple and work well • A good quality product is produced • The equipment has been designed and manufactured to be durable • They are easy to repair • Purchase and operating costs are low • These presses may be used in remote areas to satisfy the local market • Various models and sizes are available • Few resources are required for an operation of this type • Local materials will suffice • They produce cold-pressed oil that may be sold at a higher price as a health product Disadvantages are: • The process is very labour intensive • Throughput capacity is low • Oil yield is relatively low Clarification of sunflower oil In the case of pressed oil, an oil settling and filtering process is required to remove suspended debris. The crude oil is pumped into settling tanks and allowed to stand for at least 48 hours for most of the impurities to settle. The clear oil is then drawn off and the remaining suspended solids in the oil may be removed by either filtration or centrifugation. Packaging of crude sunflower oil Packaging is defined as the containment of a food product in a protective barrier that prepares goods for transport, distri-

ProAgri Zambia 41

bution, storage, retailing and end use. The crude oil has a very limited shelf life and is susceptible to oxidation that causes rancidity. Packaging of the oil in clean and resealable containers that are grease proof, moisture proof and have an airtight seal, increases the shelf life and market value of the product. Assistance to small-scale oilseed farmers Most farmers, especially those located in the rural areas, are not really familiar with the idea of adding value. Special assistance must be provided for these rural farmers. Governments, NGOs and aid organisations should focus on enabling small-scale farmers and other entrepreneurs in Africa to increase the profitability of their enterprises, reduce the outflow of capital from their communities and improve human and animal nutrition and quality of life by producing edible and other oils and seed cakes presently unknown, unobtainable, unaffordable or originating predominantly from outside their communities." The objective, inter alia, should be to develop logical pathways and assisting communities in deciding on the best combination of, for example cropping practices (if they wish to grow their own seed), marketing (for both the seedcake and oil), pressing schedule, et cetera. Training programmes are of great importance, especially in the rural areas. The introduction of new technology should always be accompanied by training. Should this not be the case, one could easily end up with the total failure of a potentially successful business. One of these failed attempts could lead to the final termination of this entire concept of adding value. Legislation The processor should be familiar with and adhere to the laws and regulations applicable to the products manufactured to ensure the safe and legal marketing of an oilseed product. Next month we shall look at the general production of sunflower oil. Published with acknowledgement to the ARC Agricultural Engineering for the use of their manuals. Visit www.arc.agric.za for more information. LITERATURE SOURCES 1. Anon. 1993. Oil Processing: Food Cycle Technology Source Books. Intermediate Technology Publications. 2. Fellows, P. 1997. Traditional foods: Processing for profit. London: Intermediate Technology Publications, Ltd. 3. Fellows, P & Hampton, A. 1992. Small-scale food processing: A guide to appropriate equipment. London: Intermediate Technology Publications. 23

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ProAgri Zambia 41

Take care of your animals with K2 Seed by Annemarie Bremner

Kebby Nalishebo shows the hight to which Nutrifeed can grow with proper care. It can be used for silage or grazing.

he climate is changing and it seems that farmers in Zambia can expect more dry spells in future. With the help of K2 Seed Marketing it is possible to plan ahead to ensure that you can feed your animals and continue with production even when circumstances are not ideal. Kebby Nalishebo, Pasture Specialist of K2 Seed Marketing, says in the past small-scale farmers relied on natural grazing to provide feed for their animals, but they are slowly moving towards better management systems by planting grass and fodder crops for grazing, hay and silage.

Rhodes grass was developed in South Africa as cultivated pasture that can withstand dry periods.

White Buffalo grass needs more water than Blue Buffalo, and this patch certainly welcomed the rainy weather at Agritech this year. “At Agritech we explain to people that we are not here only to sell seed. We are here to help people to choose the right crops, prepare the soil, take care of the crops and how to cut or use it,” he says. Grasses like Blue Buffalo, Ermelo and Rhodes grass can be used for permanent pastures, also in the drier areas to the south. White Buffalo grass is more suited for high rainfall areas. All these grasses should be planted during the rainy season, but with proper care they can last a number of seasons. The grass can be used for grazing or to cut hay and make bales. Kebby says with the support of the government they are planting demonstration plots in many different places. “We are showing people how to conserve moisture, and when to plant and cut.”

ProAgri Zambia 41

Two of K2 Seed Marketing’s high yield feed crops are Nutrifeed and Sugargraze. Nutrifeed is a babala type grass with broad leaves used for grazing or silage. It can grow to more than 3 metres high and has excellent regrowth potential. It is widely adapted to most soil types and, depending on your type of soil and moisture levels, you can plant 3 to 8 kg/ha of seed for dry land production and 8 to 15 kg/ha under irrigation. Depending on you production practices, you can expect a yield of 5 to 25 t/ha dry material. Sugargraze is a sweet sorghum and it can be planted for silage or “cut-andcarry”. It has a high sugar content, between 12 and 18% protein and cattle love it. It grows to between 2 and 3,5 metres tall with thick stems and long leaf blades. Dry matter production can be between 5 and 20 t/ha. It is mostly used for silage, but it can survive through the winter and provide grazing. Kebby says once small-scale farmers understand the value of silage, there is no turning back and you do not need expensive equipment to make it. K2 Seed teaches people to make silage pits with plastic linings. “You need a machete and a few hands,” he explains. “Someone to cut, someone to take it to the pit and someone to step on it to press the air out. Then you cover the pit and leave it for two months before using it.” Another excellent source of nutrients is lucerne. Again K2 Seed can help with the best seed and advice for your circumstances. “For lucerne, you really need irrigation, but then you only need a small area to produce a lot of feed,” Kebby says.

Lucerne needs irrigation, but is very high in nutrients; you can go a long way with a small patch. Photo: Farmers Weekly Plan and manage your feeding programme with the help of K2 Seed Zambia. Contact Kevin Kleemann Wright at +26 (0)97776-2111 or +26 (0)21-184-0965 or e-mail kevin@seedmarketing.co.za for more information. 25

Innovative solutions to make your farm flower to its best potential

1 Freedom Ave, Parklands, Kitwe

Hypeb is agriculture’s innovation supplier by Rick Esterhuizen

arming is one of the oldest professions in the world and without the farmer, the world will not be able to survive. To remain competitive and successful in the production of food and other farming produce, the farmer needs to constantly improve on technologies to ensure better yields at lower costs. The biggest factor that needs to be reduced is downtime, maintenance time and frequency of required maintenance. Hypeb Investments Limited understands this and have made it their mission to find new, innovative products to reduce downtime and maintenance cycles on non-essential factors, saving you money and increasing your profit margin. For quality and long-lasting equipment, the initial price might be a bit higher, but the saving on repeated expenses over a period of time makes up for the slightly higher purchase price. Hella lights Let’s take lights on your agricultural equipment. You may buy Combo 4” tail lights for your truck that delivers your products to the market at about K140 per light, or K280 for the pair, or you can buy HELLA ValueFitTM Combo tail lights at K240 each, or K480 for the pair. After three months, 50% of the LEDs on the cheaper brands are dead, so when you replace them, you spend another K280 and possibly a fine of K450, because the tail lights are not functioning properly. If you compare the two types of lights – K280 plus K280 plus K450 give you a total of K1 010 versus K480. This equals not only a cost saving, but you also have a light that is 50% brighter than that of any competitor on the market, giving you added visibility and a safer vehicle.

ments Limited will replace a malfunctioning unit free of charge (terms and conditions apply). Hypeb Investments Limited also has a range of innovative products designed to take their cost saving approach even further: Emergency PipeFix™ One of these cost savers is their emergency PipeFix™ product. Have you ever noticed that a pipe likes to burst on a Saturday afternoon, or 3 o’clock in the morning, or just when the specific pipe size is not in stock at your nearest supplier?

Hypeb Investments Limited offers an unique product that should always be in your maintenance toolbox. PipeFix™ uses the latest technology to seal the hole permanently within 30 minutes, allowing you to continue supplying water under pressure to the areas you require. Their product can be applied to any type of pipe ranging from PVC, steel, ceramic and cement pipes for up to 27 bar pressure.

PipeFix™ is guaranteed to save you time and money, and to make sure that the lifeline of your farm delivers water where needed and when needed.

But that is not all. For the first 12 months after fitting the HELLA ValueFit TM 4” Combo tail light, Hypeb Invest-

PortaTank™ Ever bought a water tank to supply water to staff and/or livestock or irrigation? Paying for the tank is only part of the expenses to get water to the required point. Transporting that tank is not only expensive, but in most instances, cumbersome. With our PortaTankTM solution you can install a 2 650, 4 800 or 10 000 litre tank on site with limited or no transport issues.

ProAgri Zambia 41

Imagine a tank that can fit into the boot of a car or can be strapped to a bicycle and delivered on site. Forty-five minutes after delivery, you will have a water tank assembled ready to use, while saving you cost on transport, installation and time. Should you need to move the tank because the livestock is moving, no problem: empty the tank, dismantle it, fold it up and move it to the new location.

These are just a few of the innovative products Hypeb Investments Limited offers to make the farmer’s life easier. Please contact them for pricing, product information and information on where to obtain their products. Hypeb Investments Limited is looking for trade partners and franchisees in all areas of Zambia. Contact Hypeb Investments Ltd. at hypebzambia@gmail.com or +26 (0)96-108-5708. 27

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ProAgri Zambia 41

Amiran is your "One Stop Crop Shop" by Du Preez de Villiers

The huge Amiran stand at Agritech invited farmers interested in irrigation, seed and chemical inputs to come inside.

Parick Muchimba, Irrigation Technical Manager from Amiran, can only smile with satisfaction when holding and showing off one of their shiny red tomatoes.

he drought affected every farmer in Zambia in a bad way, but according to Parick Muchimba, Irrigation Technical Manager from Amiran, there is something significant to learn from the season. “A water shortage forces farmers to look at their water supply with a different view. It makes them wiser, as they manage to figure out smarter ways to use their water more efficiently. The only way to do that is with more efficient irrigation systems. This is where Amiran comes in. Amiran supplies a wide variety of irrigation systems such as sprinklers, driplines from Netafim, overhead, micro and pivot irrigation from Zimmatic. We

also advise farmers on the best application for their needs and train them how to use it after installation. For the smallscale and emerging farmers, drip irrigation kits will allow them to cope with the drought and maintain income and food security,” he says. Amiran Zambia is a subsidiary of Balton CP based in the UK. It has two main divisions – Agriculture and Technology/ Communications. In the agricultural sector, Amiran provides irrigation systems and spares, and also a full range of crop protection chemicals (such as herbicides and pesticides), specialised fertilisers for high value crops, seed and seedlings.

The nursery department supplies vegetable seed and seedlings, including a range of tomatoes, cabbage and onions for undercover or open field farms. Most of Amiran’s high quality seed is imported from countries like Israel. All of Amiran’s products comply with local and international quality assurance controls such as ZEMA certification. Amiran has its own outlets in Lusaka, Kitwe, Choma and Mkushi, but also works with a number of agro-dealers around the country. “We try to meet everyone in their localities,” Parick says.

The helpful staff at Amiran showed and informed the farmers about every vegetable cultivar they have to offer.

The crops inside and outside the undercover net on the Amiran stand looked impressive, as well as delicious and nutritious ProAgri Zambia 41

Contact Amiran at +26 (0)96686-0751, +26 (0)96-6485292 or send an e-mail to clients.zambia@baltoncp.com. Their physical address is Plot 9362, Mumbwa Road, Lusaka, or visit their website at www.amiranzambia.com for more information. 29

ProAgri Zambia 41

YARA: Mix your own licks and save money O

ptimal health, growth and reproduction of animals can be achieved by the use of licks for cattle, sheep and goats. Licks are, however, an expensive part of any farm practice, but mixing your own licks with Yara Animal Nutrition’s recipes might be an effective way of overcoming this problem. Green summer pastures Green summer grass contains enough protein and energy to meet the animal’s requirements, but is normally low in phosphorous. This deficit may hamper growth and milk production. Phosphorous, a macro mineral, plays a major metabolic role and has more known physiological functions in the animal body than any other element. The development and maintenance of the skeleton, growth, appetite control, fertility, energy, and feed utilisation are just some of the basic functions involving phosphorous. By making use of a product such as Kimtrafos 12 Grande or PhosSure 12 mixed with salt, phosphorous as well as trace minerals can easily be supplemented during the summer to optimise animal production (see Table 1 for mixture). Dry winter pastures The main feed component for cattle, sheep and goats during the dry season is low quality grass. This grass doesn’t contain all the nutrients needed by the animal and animals tend to lose weight during winter. To reduce the weight loss, we need to supplement the grass with licks that can supply the nutrients the grass can no longer supply. It is, however, very important for producers to understand which nutrients to supply and to also understand that a lick is not a feed and that it can under no circumstances be used to replace grass or other sources of roughage. If there is no grass or roughage available, licks – especially licks containing urea – cannot be fed to animals. Protein licks for the dry winter season The first nutrient lacking in dry winter grass, is protein. If ruminants graze

on this low protein grass, there is not enough protein for the microbes in the rumen to grow and multiply, and we have a decrease in digestibility of the consumed grass. The grass moves slower through the rumen, intake starts to decline, and animals start to lose weight. Licks containing urea (a protein supplement for natural proteins such as oilcakes) can be fed to animals to increase the digestibility of the dry grass and to stimulate grass intake. Urea consists of 46% nitrogen (that is a 287% equivalent protein) and is broken down in the rumen to ammonia which is used by rumen microbes to produce microbial protein and also to grow and multiply. The more microbes there are in the rumen, the better and quicker the grass will be digested, preventing animals from losing weight. Mix your own licks Table 1 shows summer and winter licks that can be mixed on a farm. When you mix your own lick, it is important to consider the pros and cons of doing so. The following licks can be mixed on the farm for cattle, sheep and goats:

Pros • It is less expensive than buying ready mixed licks. • You can use some of the raw materials produced on your own farm, such as maize. • You know exactly what is in the lick. • You can mix a lick with raw materials available to you. Cons One of the biggest cons of mixing your own lick is that you can make a mixing mistake, especially when mixing a urea-containing lick, as urea can be poisonous to animals. But, by knowing your recipe and the possible mistakes that can be made, this can easily be overcome. Warning The licks below contain urea and animals must be adapted to these licks. Only use half of the urea for the first two weeks and thereafter all of the urea. Enough grass must be available at all times when feeding urea-containing licks. Protect lick troughs against rain as urea easily dissolves in water and animals drinking such a mixture can be poisoned.

Ingredient

Summer lick for cattle, sheep and goats

Winter lick for cattle

Winter lick for sheep (also suitable for cattle)

Maize meal

0 kg

25 kg

Feed grade urea

0 kg

25 kg

12,5 kg

Kimtrafos 12 Grandé

25 kg

Kalori 3000

0 kg

12,5 kg

Feed grade sulphur

0 kg

0,5 kg

Salt

25 kg

150 kg

Total

50 kg

225,5 kg

212,5 kg

Intake: Cattle (g/day)

100 to 240

350 to 500

450 to 650

Intake: Sheep/Goats (g/day)

18 to 36

Not suitable for 80 to 120 sheep

Table 1: Licks for Cattle, sheep and goats. Take care when mixing your own licks, as some of the ingredients, such as urea, can be poisonous.

ProAgri Zambia 41

For more mixing guidance or information, contact a Yara animal nutritionist at +27 (0)82-322-0333. 31

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Atlas Organics heals your soil by Du Preez de Villiers

Willem du Plessis, Jaco Vorster, André Smith, Rupping Swiegers, Rossouw Olivier, Dave Launder and Paul Benecke introduced farmers to proper soil health at Agritech.

tlas Organics mastered the art of marrying the best properties of organics with the properties of the nutrients necessary to optimise crop yield. “For us it is not about just putting manure into the ground. If you put raw chicken manure, for example, into the soil you get a nitrogen negative period,” Paul Benecke, Marketing Manager at Atlas Organics Fertilisers says. “We take chicken manure and manipulate it to have the correct biological properties for your specific crop. It is also important that the chicken manure is uncomposted before we start our process. When we introduce our manure into the soil, the composting can commence and the microbials can start to work. That is why we have to manipulate the chicken manure. It is a biological process where the chemistry is brought into balance.” Atlas Organics patented this process and product. The company was founded in 1966 by Paul’s grandfather, Hans Benecke. They are based in Meyerton in South Africa.

The clever people at Atlas Organics have a specific process of fixing your soil. “First, we work with precision farming contractors who go out to the farm to draw soil samples and do the analysis in their labs. With the results in hand we rectify all the chemical problems and shortages by adding trace elements and minerals with our organic product as needed,” André Smith, Agronomist, says. “The organic component we introduce breaks down into organic acids and the organic acids complex (bind with) the inorganic nutrients. Once you get complexing of the nutrients, the plants can take them up.” As a rule, soil will take on the properties of the water it is irrigated with. Atlas Organics also knows the chemistry of balanced water. “The ratio of calcium to magnesium should be 5 to 1, but the longer you irrigate, the more the calcium value drops and the higher the magnesium rises. This causes a reduction in water penetration. This imbalance can be fixed with our organic treatment of your soil,” André says.

In fact, Atlas Organics is a half-organic fertiliser company, since they use inorganic components in their products as well. The reason they are called organic is quite valid. “When the company was started in 1966, we were the only company to use carbon in our fertiliser. By definition everything that contains carbon is classified as organic chemistry. Diesel and plastic are also regarded as organic chemistry. Irrespective of the definitions, we are using the principles of organic chemistry to improve nutrient uptake efficiencies and soil health, while balancing inorganic nutrients to improve crop health and productivity,” Paul says. Jaco Vorster is Atlas Organics’ representative in Ndola and he also focuses on correcting the soil chemistry for small-scale farmers. “It is important to understand that the carbon in your soil holds the nutrients much more efficiently than simply applying conventional fertiliser. A small-scale farmer doesn’t have access to trace elements like boron, zinc or copper, which are crucial in proper plant growth and health. Zinc helps to fight viral attacks and copper helps to fight fungal attacks. Although a farmer might pay 20 or 30 kwacha more per hectare, he can attain double the harvest with the help of Atlas Organics,” Jaco says. Atlas Organics is committed to reduce hunger and malnutrition in Africa. “Because we basically provide all the elements which nature offers and a plant requires to produce a balanced crop, people will have to eat less but more nutrient rich produce to stay strong and healthy. It all comes down to balancing biological nutrient conversion rates to optimise chemical energy transfer, from the soil to a person's stomach,” says Rossouw Olivier, Director at Atlas Organics.

Soil health is a complex science, but Atlas Organics explained it very well at their stand at Agritech.

Every chemical component plays an important part in ensuring your soil is fit for producing nutritious crops. ProAgri Zambia 41

Trust Atlas Organics to heal your soil and to add more nutrition to the crops you produce. Contact Paul Benecke at +27 (0)79448-0281 for more information. Also visit their website at www.atlasorganic.co.za 33

ProAgri Zambia 41

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Our focus is on the manufacturing and distribu�on of fer�liser as well as commodi�es trading.

ProAgri Zambia 41

http://www.gib.co.za/dev/

Speed. Empathy. Agility

Your family is our Biggest Priority

Agriculture Insurance We believe farming is the most important thing in our economy. We also believe your farm produce and equipment should be protected at all costs. Let BlackGOLD cover you while you continue feeding our country. CONTACT US: INSURANCE PRODUCTS

Lusaka Add: Suite 211 Foxdale Court 609 Zambezi Road, Post: P.O Box 32232 Lusaka Zambia, Tel: +260 211 847 145 email: info@blackgold.co.zm or grace@blackgold.co.zm Copperbelt Add: Kitwe: Lyness House Unit 1&2 Freedom Avenue Park, 793 Kitwe, Zambia

Property/Assets Insurance, Agriculture, Liability Insurance, Bonds, Money Insurance, Goods in Transit Insurance, Group Life, Fidelity Guarantee, Travel Insurance.

Imtec Sales SKF Products and engineering solutions Ball and roller bearings Industrial and automotive bearings and kits Mining and special application bearings Agricultural bearings and oil seals Condition based monitoring

Sparex Tractor spares and agricultural equipment Massey Ferguson & Fiat Ford / New Holland Case International Landini and Tafe

Fasteners, bolts, nuts, washers etc. Bolts and nuts - MS, HT, SS, EG Threaded bars - SC, EG Welding accessories Workshop tools - general

Plough and harrow discs - Ovfas Kongskilde parts - range of tips Ground engaging tools and accessories Twist drills - HSS, SDS MAX

Copper belt

V and Wedge belts All types of couplings Conveyor and agricultural chains

Workshop accessories

Agricultural implements and parts

Tel: +260 212 511242 Cel: +260 979 773 830 alves@imtec.co.zm

Challenge power transmission parts

Tivoly Cutting and drilling tools for:

Concrete, Masonry, Metal, Plastic, Glass, Tile, Hardwood and Composite boards

Lusaka Luanshya / Ndola Johnsonâ€™s Arcade Luanshya Corner, Zaona ave. & 16th Street

Tel: +260 211 235383 / 221085 Cel: +260 978 217217 imtec@zamnet.zm

Plot 1663, Panganani Road P.O Box CH 310220

ProAgri Zambia 41

Nako nde

ESSE Clearing ltd A g r i c u lt u r e ’ s a g e n t for a g r i c u lt u r e ’ s n e e d s

• Less feed, maximum performance, more proﬁt • Excellent feed conservation and liveability (less mortality) • Optimum nutrition through scientiﬁc formulation • Precision production utilising modern technology • Produced strictly with fresh, top Zambian maize and soya beans • Full professional product and service support

Nd o l a

Imp or

Lus a ka

EXp Katima Kazungula

Chi r und u Livingstone Vi c F a l l s b o r d er E S S E CLt d

HEAD OFFICE

HOTLINE

E S S E Cl eari ng L td

+ 2 6 0 9 7 7 8 4 9 6 9 7 / + 2 6 0 2 1 3 3 22 553 i n f o @ es s ec l ea r i n g . c o m

www.esseclearing.com

LSK - MALAMBO ROAD: +260 963 013 719 C/BELT: +260 961 349 009 L/STONE: +260 961 580 785 Email: feedsales@nmc.co.zm BR OI LE R FE E D S • FI SH FE E D S •PI G FE E D S • DAI RY FE E D S PULLE T FE E D S • L AY E R FE E D S • DAY OLD C HI C K AGE NTS Malambo•Kabwata•Showgrounds•Chelstone•Kalingalinga•Chilenge Makeni•Westgate•Cairo•Matero•Kasama Rd•Zani Muone ALSO AVAILABLE: Eastern, Western, Central, Southern, Copperbelt & Northern Provinces

ProAgri Zambia 41

NEW BEGINNINGS, START YOUR NEXT CHAPTER WITH US OPENING IN MKUSHI

SOON

• Property Management • Property Rentals • Property Buying • Property Selling Agency Unit 114,Foxdale Court - Phase 2. Plot 609, P.O Box 32232 Lusaka - Zambia (C) 260 977 230 228 (O) 260 211 295 740 (E) lusungu.kayela@seeff.com

Unit 1 & 2, Park 793, Lyness House, Freedom Avenue, Kitwe - Zambia (C) 260 979 459 259 (O) 260 954 848 900 (E) mwila.mulundika@seeff.com

PROFESSIONAL TYRE SEALANT PS2 Tyre Fluid is a competitively priced PREVENTATIVE internal sealing compound that forms a seal that is permanent and lasts the entire life of a tyre. • • • •

Easy application Keeps tyre pressure constant Stops and seals any leak instantly Reduces fuel consumption

• • • •

Allows tyres to run cooler Withstands extreme temperatures Won’t harm rubber or metal parts Will never dry out inside of the tyre

• • • •

Improves safety while driving Water soluble and non-toxic Non-flammable and biodegradable Environmentally friendly

For use in ATV’s, quad bikes, off-road motorcycles, trailers, horse boxes, game drive vehicles, 4x4’s, golf carts, bicycles, motorhomes, RV’s, caravans, garden tractors and lawnmower tyres Bennie Oosthuizen +260 96 380 5674 pstwosales@gmail.com 44

Craig Chongwe +260 97 764 1111 Ps2@unstolic.com

Made in Zambia www.tyrefluidps2.co.za

ProAgri Zambia 41

EVENTS

PHOTOGRAPHY

SIGNAGE

GRAPHIC DESIGN

GRAPHIC DESIGN / PRINT / SIGNAGE / PHOTOGRAPHY / EVENTS #Where ordinary is never good enough. kmediax100@gmail.com | +260 975 232447 Chalala Rockfield, Lusaka, Zambia ProAgri Zambia 41

Importers, distributors and retailers of agrochemicals, veterinary products, seeds, fertiliser and all farmers’ requirements www.lskagrovet.com

Tel: +260 211 235 881 / +260 211 231 689 Cell: +260 955 751 778 / +260 978 818 000 Plot 806, Lumumba Road opposite City Market. P.O. Box 32315, Lusaka, 10101, Zambia

Modular kit assemblies for different plot sizes : 250m2, 500m2 , 2500m2 (lima), 4000m2 (acre), 10,000m2 (hectare)

T-Tape Drip Irrigation Kit

The cost efficient solution for small-scale plots Easy installation, operation & maintenance: All products and parts needed are included in the kit (except the water tank) Long lifetime: Emitter highly resistant to clogging even in low flow rates

www.hollandgreentech.com www.facebook.com/HollandGreentechZambia Lusaka, Off Munali rd. plot 2631 Tel: +260 978 513 396 or 0963140424 Mail: bram@hollandgreentech.com

www.Rivulis.com www.facebook.com/rivuliseuropeafrica 13 Chemin de Novital - 31150 Lespinasse, France Tel: +33 (0)5 34 27 05 05 Mail: Marketing_EMEA@Rivulis.com

Grower Benefits • Higher yields and improved crop quality • Uniform and Precise water and fertilizer applications • Increases water use efficiency, reduces evaporation and run-off

ProAgri Zambia 41

ARE YOU A FENCE SITTER? CHOOSE BONNOX ! SUPPLIERS OF QUALITY GAME AND LIVESTOCK FENCING IN SOUTH AFRICA SINCE 1962

zane@bonnox.co.za • gerda@bonnox.co.za • linda@bonnox.co.za

www.bonnox.co.za • +27 012(0)12 666 6668717 8717

ProAgri Zambia 41

Tel: +260 21 125 7074 office@green-2000.com www.green-2000.com 50

ProAgri Zambia 41