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PORTFOLIO 2O26

PORTFOLIO 2O26 Mario Alberto Medellín Martinez Universidad Iberoamericana Puebla

Architect | Digital Fabricator | Computational Designer

Mario Alberto Medellín Martinez Architect | Digital Fabricator | Computational Designer arq.mariomedellin@gmail.com +52 221 165 50 25 06/05/1994 Mexico City, Mexico

Education Architectural Photorealism Workshop in 3ds Max + V-Ray 2015 – Hybrido Studio 3D (Puebla, Mexico) | 30 hours Robotics in Architecture Workshop 2016 – IDIT Institute of Design and Technological Innovation (Puebla, Mexico) | 40 hours Advanced Architectural Photorealism Workshop in 3ds Max + V-Ray + Post-Production 2016 – Hybrido Studio 3D (Puebla, Mexico) | 30 hours Basic Rhinoceros 5.0 Course 2016 – Rhinomaquia (Mexico City, Mexico) | 24 hours Maxwell Render 4 Course 2016 – Taller Renderarq (Mexico City, Mexico) | 24 hours Arduino Workshop 2016 – IDIT Institute of Design and Technological Innovation (Puebla, Mexico) | 20 hours

Skills Software Rhinoceros 3D Grasshopper 3D Revit Dynamo KUKA|prc PowerMill Eureka Galápagos Ladybug Tools Cyclops

Advanced Rhinoceros 5.0 Course 2017 – Rhinomaquia (Mexico City, Mexico) | 24 hours

Adobe Photoshop (CC) Adobe Illustrator (CC) Adobe InDesign (CC)

Basic Grasshopper 3D Course 2017 – Rhinoceros Mexico NCR (Mexico City, Mexico) | 24 hours

Procore

Basic Revit Course 2017 – Rhinomaquia (Mexico City, Mexico) | 24 hours Basic Grasshopper 3D Course 2017 – Rhinomaquia (Mexico City, Mexico) | 24 hours Advanced Grasshopper 3D Course 2017 – Rhinomaquia (Mexico City, Mexico) | 24 hours

Hardware KUKA C4 3D Printer CNC Router CNC Vinyl Cutter CNC Laser Cutter FARO Scanner

Programming Course 2017 – Hlin Neki (Mexico City, Mexico) | 130 hours Bachelor’s Degree in Architecture 2014 – 2019 – Universidad Iberoamericana Puebla (Puebla, Mexico)

Scholarship

Hlin Neki Coding Bootcamp Scholarship Rhinoceros México NCR - Hlin Neki Coding Bootcamp 2017 – 130-hour programming scholarship awarded based on the potential of the proposed activities and objectives.

Professional Experience HUMANA LAB Junior Computational Designer Puebla, Puebla January 2017 – May 2018

Projects

Activities

- Aquara Kids

-Computational Design using Rhinoceros 3D / Grasshopper 3D - 2D Documentation using Rhinoceros 3D / Revit - Engineering Design using Rhinoceros 3D / Grasshopper 3D - 3D Modeling using Rhinoceros 3D / Grasshopper 3D

- Fraccionamiento Madeira - Stair Humana

KINETICA Intern Monterrey, Nuevo León June 2018 – December 2018 kinetica.com.mx

KINETICA Digital Fabricator Monterrey, Nuevo León January 2020 – December 2023 kinetica.com.mx

Projects

Activities

- Level 1 feature ceiling One Thousand Museum by Zaha Hadid Architects Mock-up – L’Avenue Libertador by Zaha Hadid Architects

- Engineering Design using Rhinoceros 3D / Grasshopper 3D - 3D Modeling using Rhinoceros 3D / Grasshopper 3D - 2D Documentation using Rhinoceros 3D - Digital Fabricator / Industrial Robot Operator

Projects

Activities

- OUM Wellness Center Façade – Pich Architects

- Engineering Design using Rhinoceros 3D / Grasshopper 3D - Team Leadership - Local Project Lead - Industrial Robot / CNC Operator - Production Coordinator - Installation Coordinator

- FILIP 450 Rolling Machine - Atrium - Ismaili Center Houston

Sordo Madaleno Computational Designer Mexico City, Mexico January 2024 – March 2026 sordomadaleno.com

Projects

Activities

- Participation in more than 75 projects across over 15 design teams.

Computational Design & Analysis

- Selected Projects - Quman - The Ritz-Carlton All-Inclusive Punta Venado

Ladybug Tools Analysis: - Radiation Analysis - Shadow Analysis - Wind Analysis Grasshopper 3D Analysis - Urban Analysis: runoff, slope, topography, and views. Optimization with Galapagos: - Building Orientation Optimization - Façade Surface Optimization - Panelization Optimization Additional Responsibilities Conceptual Engineering Design Digital Fabrication Research Leader

INADEM 2018 Façade System Prototype

Project: INADEM 2018 Façade System Prototype Year: 2018 Project Lead: Cuauhtémoc Orozco Topete Software: Rhinoceros 3D, Grasshopper 3D Equipment: KUKA KR6-16 Project Description At IDIT (Institute for Design and Technological Innovation) at Universidad Iberoamericana Puebla, an innovative business initiative emerged through collaboration and support from INADEM (National Institute of the Entrepreneur). The initiative materialized in the development of a ventilated façade prototype, a building-envelope system consisting of prefabricated panels separated from the building’s primary structure. These panels create an air cavity between the building surface and the façade system, allowing air to circulate. This ventilation contributes to humidity control, thermal insulation, and reduced demand on HVAC systems, improving both energy efficiency and indoor comfort. The 1:1-scale prototype was fabricated using six-axis industrial robots. With the support of a visual programming environment, a 3D model was developed and manipulated to generate the geometric data required for fabrication. The fabrication process involved rough-machining a solid volume to achieve the target geometry using programmed six-axis industrial robots. Once the molds were produced, cellular concrete containing air microbubbles generated through a high-density foaming process was applied. The material was reinforced with glass fiber and spray-applied in multiple layers.

Computational Design The façade system prototype is based on a geometric module inspired by the symmetrical designs of Sébastian Truchet, enabling the generation of seemingly endless forms through the unique assembly of the module. Computational design tools are expanding the possibilities of architectural design by enabling their application at multiple scales. This makes it possible to develop algorithms capable of generating and representing a wide range of geometries. The project employed a KUKA KR6-16 robotic arm together with computational design workflows to digitally fabricate non-standard architectural elements that were not readily available on the market. The application of industrial robots in architecture is transforming the construction industry by enabling customized architectural components for a wide range of applications, from manufacturing through on-site installation.

Digital Fabrication Process The close relationship between architecture, aerospace engineering, and the automotive industry creates new design opportunities while providing a deeper understanding of manufacturing constraints. The integration of industrial robots into architectural project development seeks to increase design productivity while providing architects with new fabrication-oriented design capabilities. In this particular case, a mold composed of 15 mm-thick MDF panels was used. The fabrication process was developed through an evaluation of manufacturing constraints, rough-machining the assembled mold until the target geometry was achieved. The resulting geometry was intended for the subsequent production of the final molds.

Materials The availability of computational tools has enabled the development of materials in laboratory settings. This new understanding of material behavior explores broad potential in terms of morphological, sensory, ecological, and structural design. The development of new materials is becoming increasingly relevant both for addressing new challenges and for improving the performance of architectural spaces. One of the materials developed in this project is cellular concrete, composed of cement, silica sand, water, glass fiber, and foam. Its density ranges from 1,100 kg/m³ to 1,400 kg/m³. This type of material is particularly suitable for prefabricated elements and also provides excellent acoustic and thermal insulation, improving indoor comfort under extreme temperatures and reducing building energy consumption.

Cement 13% Foam 34%

Cellular Concrete

Glass Fiber 1% Water 5% Sand 47% Exposed Concrete

Engineering Design The façade fastening system incorporates a vertical support system formed by a U-shaped profile positioned 10 to 12 cm away from the building’s primary structure to allow for adjustment. The retention brackets are isolated fastening elements capable of compensating for tolerances along the X and Z axes, in both positive and negative directions. The fixing brackets are components designed to support the combined loads while also compensating for tolerances along the X and Y axes, in both positive and negative directions.

1/4” Screws Pressure Plate Fixing Bracket

The concealed double-claw anchor is an element that fits into the internal slots of the prefabricated panels. In addition to compensating for tolerances along the X axis, in both positive and negative directions, this element distributes loads through the fixing and retention brackets, then to the profiles, and finally to the building’s primary structure.

Concealed Double-Claw Anchor

Retention Bracket

1/4” Screws U-shaped profile

Façade Fastening System

Level 1 Feature Ceiling - One Thousand Museum by Zaha Hadid Architects

Project: Level 1 Feature Ceiling – One Thousand Museum by Zaha Hadid Architects Year: 2018 Software: Rhinoceros 3D, Grasshopper 3D, PowerMill, Eureka Virtual Machining Equipment: KUKA C4 + Linear Axis, CNC Router Project Description One of my main responsibilities on the Level 1 Feature Ceiling – One Thousand Museum by Zaha Hadid Architects project was the robot-assisted fabrication of 93 architectural panels, as well as the documentation and supervision of a complex substructure supporting the 93 FRP panels. I was also involved in supervising the finishing processes. This experience strengthened my skills in computational design and gave me a deeper understanding of digital fabrication processes, enabling me to address complex technical challenges.

One Thousand Museum — Image courtesy of Zaha Hadid Architects

Computational Design My first involvement in the Level 1 Feature Ceiling – One Thousand Museum by Zaha Hadid Architects project took place at an intermediate stage of development, during fabrication. The engineering design had already been fully developed prior to my involvement. I had the opportunity to manipulate the project’s geometry to better understand the space. The project consisted of 93 architectural panels (Fig. 02) and a corrosion-resistant substructure designed for Miami’s coastal environment. It was also a highly complex structure supporting multiple building services within a residential program (Fig. 03). The geometric development process involved working with surfaces and maintaining their continuity. These surfaces formed the primary design basis of the project and included double-curved, single-curved, and planar surfaces. All surfaces had to be prepared for subsequent shop fabrication. The architectural panels were fabricated from laboratory-developed FRP and were required to comply with applicable fire-safety regulations. In addition to being lightweight and requiring minimal maintenance, the material provided a reliable solution for the project.

Accurate documentation of the substructure was fundamental to ensuring the fabrication and subsequent installation of the FRP panels. Developing the 2D documentation (Fig. 06) required precise coordination with the welding team, defining dimensions, connections, and the arrangement of structural elements to ensure proper shop fabrication. The process involved researching and selecting different rectangular HSS members, steel thicknesses, and plate types, as well as developing the connection and anchoring systems required to attach the substructure to the slab. The dimensions, spacing, and locations of anchors and inserts were studied, taking into account the specific installation conditions and structural requirements of the system. This process provided a deeper understanding of the physical behavior of structures, their connection systems, and the relationship between design, documentation, and fabrication. Translating a three-dimensional model into 2D documentation for subsequent shop fabrication was fundamental to understanding how design decisions directly affect the production and installation of an architectural system. 05

Digital Fabrication One of the processes in which I was most involved was the robot-assisted fabrication of components using six-axis industrial robots mounted on a linear axis, adding an additional degree of freedom (Fig. 09). This was my first experience working on a project of such complexity and scale. The digital fabrication process consisted of rough-machining high-density polyurethane foam volumes, with dimensions of up to approximately 1.5 meters by 10 meters. Some of these panels were used as master patterns and could be reused to maximize material efficiency. The application of industrial robots in architecture was an innovative process that was essential for meeting the fabrication requirements of the project’s double- and single-curved surfaces. The seven-axis configuration was well suited to extending the robot’s working envelope to accommodate the large dimensions of the panels. In some cases, large portions of the robot code had to be modified using visual programming environments to achieve the required fabrication reach.

The fabrication process for the FRP panels provided a comprehensive understanding of the different stages involved in producing large-format architectural components. After machining the negative molds from polyurethane foam using KUKA industrial robots, the surfaces were prepared by applying layers of sealer, which were subsequently sanded and refined until the required finish was achieved. Glass fiber was then applied over these molds to produce the FRP panels, with careful control over fiber placement, the application of the different material layers, and the curing processes (Fig. 11).

During these stages, I participated in quality control, verifying finishes, dimensions, and the condition of the parts, as well as supervising the placement of the substructures (Fig. 12). The substructure subsequently allowed the FRP panels to be removed from the negative polyurethane-foam molds and continue through the finishing, sanding (Fig. 10), and surface-preparation processes required for on-site installation. This experience gave me firsthand insight into the relationship between molds, composite materials, fabrication, tolerances, substructures, and installation, while developing practical knowledge of the processes required to take a large-format architectural panel from digital development through full-scale fabrication and installation.

One Thousand Museum — Image courtesy of Zaha Hadid Architects

Mock-up - L’avenue libertador by Zaha Hadid Architects

Project: L’Avenue Libertador by Zaha Hadid Architects Year: 2018 Software: Rhinoceros 3D, Grasshopper 3D, PowerMill, Eureka Virtual Machining Equipment: KUKA C4 + Linear Axis, CNC Router Project Description During my involvement in the Level 1 Feature Ceiling – One Thousand Museum by Zaha Hadid Architects project, I was assigned the development of a façade mock-up for the L’Avenue Libertador Tower, also designed by Zaha Hadid Architects. At this stage, I was responsible for the engineering development and the design of both digital and conventional fabrication processes. This experience strengthened my ability to manage complex projects, work effectively under pressure and in challenging conditions, and coordinate the technical processes required to achieve successful project delivery.

L’Avenue Libertador — Image courtesy of Zaha Hadid Architects

Computational Design The computational design process involved the use of Rhinoceros 3D and the Grasshopper 3D visual programming environment to develop the digital manufacturing process. In this case, information from the 3D model developed by the Zaha Hadid Architects team was used. The model represented the building with a total of 2,201 architectural panels, including double-curved, single-curved, and planar surfaces. The model also incorporated the project constraints required for fabrication and coordination, including the positions of exterior and interior panels, glass railing heights, ceiling locations, column enclosures, and other architectural elements. Once the digital fabrication process had been defined as a 3D data set, highly detailed 2D documentation was developed for the various components of the façade system for subsequent shop fabrication.

Digital Fabrication The digital fabrication process was again supported by a six-axis industrial robot mounted on a linear travel axis, which was programmed through coded instructions to rough-machine a double-curved surface from a high-density polyurethane foam volume. Once the surface had been rough-machined, an FRP (Fiber-Reinforced Plastic) counter-mold was fabricated. GFRC (Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete) containing a design pigment was then applied using a spray gun. This process also involved specialized painting technicians to achieve the target surface appearance. This stage was fundamental because it made it possible to identify potential fabrication conflicts and risks before moving into full-scale production.

Engineering Design The façade-system design process began with hand sketches of the components required to connect the various structural elements of the exterior panel, interior panel, and glass railing to the substructure, ensuring the correct positioning of each component. The use of 3D models as construction documents made it possible to understand how the façade system functioned. The system consisted of an architectural panel fabricated from GFRC (Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete) and attached to a steel substructure through steel connectors concealed within the same material. The substructure was anchored using an anchor-clip system designed to secure the panel to the slab, incorporating adjustable tolerance bolts to compensate for potential deviations in the slab. The system also included accessories for supporting the glass railing, incorporating leveling and adjustment mechanisms. The interior panel was attached using aluminum profiles functioning as Z-clips.

OUM Wellness Façade - Pich Architects

Project: OUM Wellness Façade – Pich Architects Year: 2020 Software: Rhinoceros 3D, Grasshopper 3D, PowerMill, Eureka Virtual Machining Equipment: KUKA C4 + Linear Axis, CNC Router Project Description My involvement in this project began in 2018 at Kinetica. At that time, the project was in the development phase of a 1:1-scale mock-up, supported by CEMEX Global Research & Development for the industrialization of specialized concretes at the Kinetica workshop, including Resilia, a high-performance concrete with enhanced structural properties, and Pervia, a permeable concrete capable of filtering large quantities of water through the material. The objective of the project was to develop horizontal surfaces for façade applications that would allow rainwater and condensate from air-conditioning systems to circulate. Fabrication was carried out through industrial-robot-assisted manufacturing processes.

OUM Wellness Façade Image courtesy of Pich Architects

Materials The application of laboratory-developed materials represents a collaboration between research, architecture, and engineering. Resilia (Fig. 03), a high-strength concrete reinforced with glass and metal fibers, was used to reduce steel reinforcement by 75%. As a result, a 39% reduction in CO2 emissions was achieved in the concrete structure. This innovative technology made it possible to minimize and completely eliminate conventional steel reinforcement. A high-strength permeable material called Pervia (Fig. 02) was also used. It was designed to filter water and maintain a continuously wet façade surface. The material takes advantage of rainwater and condensate from air-conditioning systems. As hot, dry air passes over this surface, a natural evaporative-cooling effect occurs (Fig. 04).

Computational Design Engineering development was fundamental to this project because the panels weighed approximately 400 kg and were to be anchored to the building’s primary structure. The structure presented significant variation in the sizes of beam and girder profiles depending on the floor height. This approach optimized the use of steel while avoiding a major economic impact on the building. However, this created a significant optimization challenge: 36 anchor typologies were designed to accommodate different structural profiles and mechanical connections between beams and girders. Each typology incorporated a tolerance-adjustment system that could be modified along the X, Y, and Z axes.

Digital Fabrication Industrial robots were used as fabrication infrastructure to produce negative molds for casting positive concrete components. This allowed the components to be handled both in the workshop and during installation. The components were approximately 5 meters long and contained no internal structural steel elements. The process was carried out through a hybrid digital and conventional fabrication workflow, in which technicians specialized in fiberglass composites produced the required molds. This approach helped ensure the required quality and precision while optimizing production time and reducing costs.

Quality Control As part of my training as a digital fabricator, I also served as a quality-control supervisor. I reviewed conventional fabrication processes such as concrete batching, anchor installation, and concrete-component finishing, as well as the work performed by operators and assistants during the concrete-pouring process in the workshop. This coordination was essential to ensuring the proper fabrication of the architectural panels. Validating the correct allocation of materials is essential when developing specialized concrete. Environmental temperature and humidity conditions were recorded to identify potential sources of variation in the concrete.

Handling components longer than 5 meters presented a significant logistical and installation challenge. To address this, a series of panel-handling accessories was designed (Fig. 01), along with a large number of timber racks for storage and transportation (Fig. 04). Additional on-site installation accessories were also developed to accommodate the 36 anchor typologies embedded in the architectural panels (Fig. 05).

01_Panel Loading and Unloading Design

02_Transportation Design

03_On-Site Panel Unloading

04_Panel Mounted on Rack

05_Bracket Attachment to the Panel Anchoring System

06_Spreader Beam Attachment to Brackets

07_Panel Removal

08_Façade Panel Installation

09_Installation on Substructure

10_Alignment According to Survey Coordinates

Installation One of the most important stages was the installation of the bioclimatic façade. As the installation coordinator, I coordinated the cranes and equipment required for panel transportation and installation. I also worked closely with the production and installation teams, as well as other contractors involved in the project. I supervised the installation process, including verification of bolt torque within the anchoring system. This was essential to ensure that the panels were installed accurately and safely, could support their design loads, and complied with the project’s design specifications and the required quality and safety standards. 14

OUM Wellness Façade Image courtesy of Pich Architects

FILIP450 Rolling Machine

Project: FILIP450 Rolling Machine Year: 2021 Software: Rhinoceros 3D, Grasshopper 3D Equipment: CNC Machining Center, CNC Laser Cutter Project Description The FILIP450 Rolling Machine was designed and fabricated to rollform aluminum panels more than 4 meters long into single-curved surfaces. Sheet rolling consists of modifying a metal surface by applying pressure through three rollers, which alter the geometry of the sheet and produce a single-curved surface. The machine was designed specifically for the development of the panels for the Houston Endowment project, designed by Kevin Daly Architects in collaboration with PRODUCTORA Mexico.

During the Renaissance, Filippo Brunelleschi designed and constructed complex machines for the construction of the dome of the Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore, pushing the limits of the materials and technology of his time. One of the technical challenges he faced was developing a lifting mechanism capable of transporting heavy loads, including sandstone beams. To address this challenge, he designed a three-speed hoisting device powered by a team of horses. He also created a 20-meter-high crane capable of moving loads laterally once the required elevation had been reached. Brunelleschi’s machines became sophisticated construction systems that influenced other artists and inventors, including Leonardo da Vinci, who documented them in his notebooks.

This legacy of engineering and creativity is closely connected to contemporary computational design, which is based on the application of emerging technologies in architecture.

Computational Design The computational design process provided a new understanding of the possibilities offered by specific digital fabrication processes, reflected in the development of a rolling machine for aluminum panels more than 4 meters long. During the assembly and installation of the machine components, a piece-by-piece positioning analysis was performed, which was fundamental to the proper operation of the machine as a complete system. The entire process was documented through a set of highly detailed fabrication drawings. The three-roller system operates through a combination of pressure, traction, and support. The upper roller applies the primary load, the lower roller drives and supports the sheet, and the idler roller positions the edge to control the beginning of the bend and the bend radius. This process makes it possible to form cylinders and cones of different diameters with high precision and repeatability, as shown in Fig. 04.

Digital Fabrication The digital fabrication process is supported by computer numerical control (CNC) machines, which are essential for interpreting computer-generated geometric data for subsequent CNC machining and laser cutting. The fabrication sequence of each component was verified to ensure that all parts were correctly manufactured before entering the machine-assembly stage. At this stage, technicians specialized in welding and metal fabrication were responsible for manufacturing and assembling the steel components, using manual assembly and welding techniques to achieve tight tolerances at the mechanical connection points. A calibration system based on a total station was implemented to ensure dimensional accuracy. The rolling machine was designed with an upper roller rotating about its own axis, while the lower rollers operate together. The left lower roller can move vertically and synchronously with the right lower roller. These rollers are supported by two 3-inch-thick steel plates machined to high precision. The equipment consists of a mechanical system, an electrical system, and a lubrication system.

Houston Endowment — Image courtesy of Kevin Daly Architects / PRODUCTORA 23

25 24

Production The rolling process for the single-curved aluminum panels is carried out by pressing the sheet between three rollers. The applied pressure changes the original shape of the material and creates a single curvature. The corners and side edges are subsequently bent, followed by mechanical assembly. Because the finishing process requires a high degree of precision to produce quality panels capable of achieving the required geometry and meeting project requirements, close attention to detail is essential. Figure 23 shows the panels installed as part of the Houston Endowment project. 26

Houston Endowment — Image courtesy of Kevin Daly Architects / PRODUCTORA

Ismaili Center Houston - Atrium

Project: Ismaili Center Houston - Atrium Year: 2020 Software: Rhinoceros 3D, Grasshopper 3D Equipment: KUKA C4 + Linear Axis, CNC Router Project Description For more than three years, I have been involved in the engineering design of a large-scale project. Three specific areas of the building were assigned to our team, and I was responsible for one of the most complex areas in terms of fabrication. My responsibilities included managing the engineering design and overseeing the development of a full-scale mock-up. My role has been to manage this portion of the project while coordinating a specialized team responsible for engineering design and development. Together, we worked to create efficient and creative solutions. One of the defining features of this space is that it was strategically designed to bring natural light into the heart of the building while providing panoramic views of the sky.

Ismaili Center Houston - Atrium - Image courtesy of Ismaili Center Houston

C.87

C.68

C.48 C.47

C.58

3 A726

CUSTOM SKYLIGHT TO BE DELEGATED DESIGN BY GARTNER

Computational Design This process begins with the development of a panelization system that varies in dimensions and characteristics. Through a comprehensive analysis, different typologies are explored and generated by considering the building services and the varying panel sizes required at each floor level. This approach enables the seamless integration of piping and MEP systems through strategically located openings. 3.42

3.12

1' - 4 1/4"

32 A725

120' - 0"

1' - 4 1/4"

118' - 1 1/2"

26 A725

118' - 1 1/2"

120' - 0"

9' - 0"

31 A725

CUSTOM SKYLIGHT TO BE DELEGATED DESIGN BY GARTNER

FIFTH FLOOR 109' - 1 1/2"

5' - 4 1/2"

The panels are fabricated using Resilia, a high-performance concrete material that eliminates the need for additional steel reinforcement. This technology helps streamline the construction process and reduce associated costs while providing the required strength and durability of the architectural elements. 52 A725

51 A725

9' - 0"

103' - 9"

9' - 0"

103' - 9"

FOURTH FLOOR 94' - 9"

11 A826

23 A725

The combination of Computational Design and laboratory-developed materials provides opportunities to design complex projects that go beyond basic functionality. This space takes advantage of natural light through the careful integration of geometry, materials, and technologies, creating a balance between architecture and engineering (Fig. 01).

5' - 4 3/4"

5' - 4 1/2"

FOURTH FLOOR 94' - 9"

9' - 0"

34 A725

8' - 11 3/4"

CUSTOM UHPC SCREEN WITH GLAZING INFILL, REFER TO 11/A726 FOR MODULE LOCATIONS

CUSTOM Z-CLIP SYSTEM FOR UHPC SCREEN THIRD FLOOR 80' - 4 1/2"

35 A725

2" BLACK DUCTLINER ATTACHED TO SLAB ABOVE, TYPICAL AT GFRG CEILINGS

THIRD FLOOR 80' - 4 1/2"

6' - 0"

CUSTOM FABRICATED PLATE SYSTEM TO SUPPORT UHPC PANELS

12 A725 74' - 4 1/2"

9' - 0"

11 A725

33 A725

74' - 4 1/2"

SECOND FLOOR 65' - 4 1/2"

25 A725 4 A726

Houston, Texas

89' - 4 1/4"

FIRE RATED PARTITIONS, UL DESIGN NO. U419 DENOTED WITH HATCH PATTERN, TYP.

IMARA Houston

CUSTOM PERFORATED GFRG CEILING SYSTEM SUSPENDED FROM UNISTRUT SYSTEM TO STRUCTURE ABOVE

21 A725

Ismaili Center Houston

89' - 4 1/2"

61' - 7 1/2"

Issuance For Construction

14' - 4 1/2"

8/2/21 Permit & GMP 11/1/21 IFC

10' - 7 1/2"

FIRST FLOOR 51' - 0"

10/29/2021 5:11:16 PM

BIM 360://39-19103-00 Ismaili Center Houston/39-19103-00_IsmailiCtr-Houston_AR_2020_DLR.rvt

1 NOV 2021 Revisions NO. DATE DESCRIPTION

0 5

51 A724

CENTRAL ATRIUM SECTION 1

SCALE: 3/8" = 1'-0"

3.08

54 A724

CENTRAL ATRIUM SECTION 2

SCALE: 3/8" = 1'-0"

FIRST FLOOR 51' - 0"

39-19103-00

UHPC SCREEN DETAILS

A724

Anchoring System Twenty-three anchor typologies were developed specifically to safely and reliably support the 156 concrete panels, which range in weight from 400 kg to 1,200 kg. This complex anchoring system required more than 500 components, ensuring the necessary stability and structural integrity. The anchors were carefully designed to accommodate the different girder typologies within the building structure, successfully addressing the challenges posed by the MEP systems. To facilitate the handling, transportation, and installation of the architectural panels, a system was implemented to ensure their efficient and safe handling and transportation to the installation site in optimal condition. In addition, each of the 23 anchor typologies incorporated an adjustable tolerance system along the X, Y, and Z axes (Fig. 02). This provided flexibility and adaptability, allowing precise adjustments according to the specific requirements of each panel condition.

Engineering Design Conducting analyses to detect conflicts during engineering design is essential to the development of architectural spaces. A proper relationship between engineering and architecture is fundamental to the creation of architectural spaces. During the analysis, potential conflicts involving slabs, girders, and MEP systems were carefully examined. These critical aspects require careful consideration to prevent future problems during construction and building operation. In addition to evaluating potential conflicts, a comprehensive risk analysis was also conducted to identify risks that could arise during on-site installation. This analysis helps identify and mitigate potential hazards, ensuring the safety of both workers and future occupants.

Digital Fabrication During the engineering design process, the challenge arose of fabricating a 1:1-scale mock-up (Fig. 03) to demonstrate the fabrication capabilities of a concrete panel with all surfaces finished to the final specification, except for the surface through which the concrete would be poured. This presented a significant challenge, as it required the development of a highly complex fabrication process involving numerous steps to produce the geometry and final finishes of the mold surfaces.

To address this challenge, an innovative approach was implemented. First, a series of counterforms fabricated from fiberglass and later from rubber were used to produce the mold surfaces. These molds adopted a sandwich configuration (Fig. 04), allowing the concrete components to be cast in different configurations through the use of plugs that created openings in the panels for MEP services. The correct positioning of the anchoring system was also ensured.

This complex digital fabrication process facilitated mold production and accelerated panel fabrication. The use of advanced technologies provided greater precision and production efficiency, avoiding lengthy fabrication times and costly manual adjustments. It also enabled the panels to be customized according to the specific requirements of each project, improving their versatility and adaptability.

Ismaili Center Houston - Atrium - Image courtesy of Ismaili Center Houston

Solar Radiation Analysis

Project: Solar Radiation Analysis Year: 2024–2025 Software: Rhino, Grasshopper, Ladybug, Cyclops Project Description Solar radiation analysis is one of the fundamental tools of passive environmental design and represents one of the first variables to consider when developing an efficient building envelope. Through digital modeling, it is possible to accurately simulate the cumulative solar radiation incident on a building envelope over a complete annual cycle. This study not only provides information about the thermal behavior of the building, but also informs decisions that directly affect indoor comfort, energy efficiency, material selection, and façade design strategy.

Radiation Analysis Solar radiation is one of the most influential environmental variables in passive building design. Its accurate assessment supports design decisions from the earliest conceptual stages, directly affecting the building’s thermal performance, energy efficiency, interior experience, and architectural expression of the envelope. Through annual simulations, it is possible to determine how geometry and orientation affect cumulative solar exposure on each surface of the project. (Fig. 01)

Thermal Gain and Performance by Orientation Cumulative solar radiation analysis makes it possible to calculate the building’s net heat gain and its relationship to façade orientation and geometry. Under real-world conditions, eastand west-facing façades tend to experience the highest energy loads due to the low solar altitude during critical morning and afternoon hours. In contrast, the south façade receives radiation at higher angles that are easier to control with overhangs, while east- and west-facing façades require vertical solar-shading systems with specific densities. (Fig. 02–03)

Direct Solar Radiation in Interior Spaces Beyond thermal performance, solar radiation affects the quality of interior spaces. Through solar penetration simulations, areas at risk of excessive daylight exposure or glare can be anticipated, while also identifying areas that would benefit from greater solar access during colder seasons. This makes it possible to adjust openings, materials, and daylight paths according to the activities taking place in each area of the building (Fig. 05–06).

Adaptive Solar-Shading Systems Based on the simulated solar behavior, solar-control systems are designed to respond to the environmental and programmatic conditions of each project. These systems may be static (fixed louvers) or modulated according to orientation and time of day. The objective is not only to reduce solar radiation, but to regulate it intelligently in order to preserve natural daylight and controlled views (Fig. 04).

Solar Radiation Gradient Across the Building Envelope Simulations make it possible to map the building envelope according to solar intensity gradients, enabling differentiated and optimized solutions for each area of the building. Rather than applying a uniform shading system, zones with specific requirements can be defined: dense shading in exposed upper areas, and lighter or more open systems in areas shaded by the building mass itself or by surrounding urban elements. (Fig. 07)

Shadow Analysis

Project: Shadow Analysis Year: 2024–2025 Software: Rhino, Grasshopper, Ladybug, Cyclops Project Description Shadow analysis makes it possible to visualize and quantify the relationship between a building, its immediate surroundings, and itself over time. In an urban context, casting shadows onto sidewalks, public spaces, or neighboring buildings can affect environmental quality. Shadow simulations therefore become a critical tool for developing site-responsive design strategies.

Hourly and Seasonal Simulation Shadow behavior was studied through hourly simulations on key dates, including the summer and winter solstices and equinoxes. This made it possible to establish a matrix relating solar position, building geometry, and exposure time for each area. These visualizations were generated using accurate context geometry, including trees, street furniture, and neighboring buildings, to ensure realistic results (Fig. 03).

02 Shadowing of Public Spaces One of the main areas of analysis was the impact of shadows on public gathering areas such as plazas, pedestrian paths, and entrances. These areas require controlled solar exposure to ensure thermal comfort, particularly during colder seasons. The study made it possible to propose volumetric adjustments— such as setbacks, openings, or overhangs—to allow sunlight to reach these areas at specific times without compromising the building massing (Fig. 02).

Self-Shading and Indoor Microclimate The analysis also considered self-shading, referring to areas of the building that become shaded by the building’s own geometry. This phenomenon affects daylight access, the thermal quality of interior courtyards, and the efficiency of active solar elements such as collectors and photovoltaic systems. Simulations were conducted in elevations and sections to identify which parts of the geometry remained persistently shaded, helping optimize material decisions (Fig. 05).

Solar Penetration in Interior Spaces The presence of interior courtyards or terraces in dense buildings requires verification that these spaces do not become excessively shaded. Insufficient solar exposure can create cold microclimates, a sense of enclosure, or poor environmental quality. Cross-sectional models with simulated solar paths were used to verify that proportions and heights provided acceptable solar exposure during key hours (Fig. 01–04).

Parametric Tools for Responsive Design Shadow analysis is not limited to code compliance validation; it can also serve as an active design tool. In this case, shadow-analysis tools were used to relate the geometry of a restaurant roof to solar exposure time at strategic points. This feedback informed decisions regarding the design of horizontal elements—such as fixed louvers—and the incorporation of solar filters. As a result, the roof was more precisely adapted to the site’s solar cycle, optimizing both comfort and environmental performance. (Fig. 06)

Wind Analysis

Project: Wind Analysis Year: 2024–2025 Software: Rhino, Grasshopper, Ladybug, ClimateStudio Project Description Wind dynamics around a building are a complex phenomenon influenced by both the local climate and the geometric characteristics of the built environment. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation makes it possible to model this behavior visually, quantitatively, and predict its effects. This tool makes it possible to understand how an architectural volume modifies wind direction, velocity, and pressure around it, and how these effects influence the project’s comfort, safety, and energy efficiency.

Wind Flow At the urban scale, wind behavior affects pedestrian comfort and safety. The analysis identified areas of increased wind speed caused by channeling effects between building volumes or downdrafts generated by tall towers. Areas of stagnant air that reduced outdoor environmental quality were also identified. The relationship between building height, spacing, and street conditions was evaluated to propose corrective strategies (Fig. 01).

Context Modeling and Boundary Conditions To obtain representative results, the immediate surroundings were modeled with geometric accuracy, including topography, neighboring buildings, and open spaces. Climatic boundary conditions were defined based on prevailing wind statistics— direction, velocity, and frequency—derived from local weather data files (EPW) or on-site weather stations. Different scenarios were simulated to evaluate annual behavior and identify critical variations between dry and wet seasons (Fig. 03–04).

Pedestrian Comfort at Ground Level One of the main objectives was to evaluate pedestrian-level wind comfort, considering sidewalks, plazas, and entrances. At this scale, wind can generate uncomfortable drafts, turbulence, or even unsafe conditions in areas of high wind acceleration. The design response was immediate: setbacks and proportions were adjusted, and mitigation devices were integrated (Fig. 05).

Integration of Wind Analysis into Overall Design Beyond its value as a technical tool, wind analysis was used as an input for key design decisions. Geometry, proportions, and mass-to-space relationships were adjusted according to the wind response, seeking to balance stability, habitability, and formal expression. Integrating environmental analysis from the outset helped establish an architecture that responds to the microclimate and adapts to its physical context (Fig. 05).

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