Post-Materialism and Environmental Values in Developed
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Post-Materialism and Environmental Values in Developed vs. Semi-Developing Countries: Analysis of Argentina and United States using the World Values Survey Rachel J. Weber Senior, Applied Social Science
ABSTRACT The environment feeds our everyday needs, desires, and global growth. If we are to make our relationship with nature sustainable we need to know who values rebuilding the natural environment that is crumbling on a global scale. This research focuses on post-materialistic values and their connection to protecting the environment. Who believes that improving the environment is more important than economic growth and creating jobs? “Who” is defined in this study in two ways: first, focusing on developed countries versus semi-developing countries, and second, focusing on individuals’ post-materialist values versus materialist values. Previous research shows that people in developing countries place less value on post-materialist issues like protecting the environment compared to those in developed countries. This article argues that there is disputable difference of post-materialistic values, specifically in environmental values, between developing countries and developed countries. Findings here show that semi-developing countries may actually care more for environmental protection than economic growth. Keywords: Develop, Developing, Semi-developing, Post-Materialism, Environmental Values, Argentina, United States As a citizen in the United States, I see a strong emphasis on protecting the sustainable use of our environment every day. Upon living in Argentina for several months as part of a study abroad experience, it appeared to me that environmentalism as I knew it was nonexistent. In Argentina one is not shunned for lacking personal environmental improvement efforts. From the outsider’s perspective I felt that Argentinians do not value environmental protection in the slightest. This follows what one might predict about the “luxury” of worrying about the environment that can only be found in developed countries, like the U.S. Meanwhile, developing countries must worry about more immediate interests, like an economy that provides jobs to sustain people’s basic livelihoods. However, since one person’s experience is very limited compared to a systematic, large scale analysis, I chose to investigate whether my impression of environmental values in Argentina and the U.S. is the actual pattern. According to the World Bank, a nation’s Gross National Income