Abesifazane Kwezezimayini Izinselele Zokuphepha Nokuvikeleka Emisebenzini
Kungabikho Nhlobo Ukulimala Kubasebenzi Basezimayini Nemiphakathi Ethintwa Yimisebenzi Yokuvukuza Mine Health and Safety Council
Izinselele zezokuphepha nokuvikeleka ezithinta abantu besifazane embonini yezimayini eNingizimu Afrika Ubalulekile – njengomuntu, owesifazane nanjengomsebenzi wasezimayini onegalelo emnothweni wezwe lethu. Kodwa siyazi ukuthi le akuyona indlela elula kuwena. Ucwaningo lwethu lusitshela ukuthi iningi lenu libhekana nezinkinga zokuphepha kanye nokunye okwenziwa kini okungamukelekile, njengokuqinelwa, udlame nokunukubezwa ngokocansi khona lapha ezimayini kanye nasendleleni yenu niya noma nibuya emsebenzini.
Le ncwadi-mfanekiso ye-MHSC yenzelwe ukuba ikusize ukwazi ukuqonda nokubhekana nokuziphaha kwabantu okunje.
Siyazi ukuthi uma uqinelwa, usatshiswa, ubhekene nokushaywa noma ukunukubezwa ngokocansi, awukwazi ukusebenza ngokuzimisela emsebenzini, nokungabeka ozakwenu engozini. Kuphinde futhi kungabi kuhle nasempilweni nasentokozweni yakho – ubaluleke kakhulu ngaphezu kokuba ngumsebenzi nje noma unkosikazi noma-ke umama – uyidwala lapho iNingizimu Afrika yakhela khona ikusasa layo ngenxa yokuzibandakanya kwakho kwezezimayini nasemphakathini.
Lo mhlahlandlela ukhuluma ngokuqinelwa nodlame emsebenzini. Ukunukubezwa ngokocansi kukhulunywa ngakho encwajaneni yethu ye-MHSC ethi ‘Ukunukubezwa ngokocansi ezimayini’. 2
Ukuqinelwa
Ukuqinelwa kubandakanya ukungatsheli owesifazane okuthile okungamsiza emsebenzini wakhe, ukukhomba amaphutha emsebenzini wakhe, ukumenza azizwe eyisilima phambi kozakwakhe, ukumhleba noma ukumenza azizwe engafunwa eqenjini.
Ukuqinelwa kubandakanya ukusebenzisa ulimi olungalungile nokuthethiswa – lokhu kubizwa ngokuhlukumeza ngomlomo. Lokhu kuziphatha kuqondwe ngako ukwesabisa omunye umuntu.
Lokhu kudinga ukuba kuyekwe ngoba abesifazane abaqinelwayo baba nokukhathazeka nengcindezi, bakuthola kunzima ukulala noma ukugxilisa ingqondo bese begcina benza umsebenzi ngokunganaki ngoba bekhathele. Lokhu kuthinta ukuphepha kwawo wonke umuntu.
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Ukuqinelwa
Ukuqinelwa kuthikameza izimpilo zabantu emsebenzini nasekhaya. Umuntu uye azizwe engenamsebenzi walutho futhi akhalaze kuwo wonke umuntu. Kwesinye isikhathi abanye abantu abafuni ukulalela udaba lwakhe ngoba becabanga ukuthi kumele kube khona akwenzayo ngesimo sakhe futhi bangaqondi ukuthi kungani engenzi lutho.
Owesifazane oqinelwayo uphelelwa ukuzethemba futhi ayeke nokuthokozela umsebenzi wakhe. Kwesinye isikhathi ugcina esesaba nokuya emsebenzini kangangokuthi agcine esegula. Ukuba nokwesaba kungagulisa abantu.
Angase acele umphathi wakhe amyise ngaphansi kolunye uphiko noma indawo kodwa lokhu kuyinkinga ezimayini eziningi ngoba kusuke kungekho esinye isikhala somsebenzi lapho noma enokukhathazeka ngokuthi nalapho uzoqinelwa futhi.
Ingxenye yabesifazane ibike ukuba ibhekane nokuqinelwa ezimayini njalonjalo. Ngokujwayelekile, kuba ngusuphavayiza, ozakwabo noma abaholi bamathimba abasuke bebaqinela. 4
Yini ongayenza uma uqinelwa noma uzizwa futhi ukholwa ukuthi uyaqinelwa?
Ungatshela lowo okuqinelayo ayeke
Ungabikela uzakwenu
Ungabikela imenenja ephezulu Ungacela ukuyiswa kwenye indawo Ungacela usizo komele inyunyana
Ungavele umzibe lowo muntu
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Amalungelo akho
Njengomuntu ohlala eNingizimu Afrika, uvikelwe uMthethosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika wango-1996 kanye noSomqulu Wamalungelo. UMthethosisekelo ugcizelela umgomo wokuvikelwa ngokulinganayo ngaphansi komthetho kanye nokuvikelwa kokucwaswa nalapho umthetho wodlame lwezocansi nokuhlukunyezwa osekelwe kuwona njengalokhu kwenziwa emazweni amaningi.
Isigaba 9 (1). Wonke umuntu uyalingana phambi komthetho futhi unelungelo lokuvikelwa ngokulinganayo kanye nokuhlomula ngokomthetho. Isigaba 9 (4). Akekho umuntu okufanele acwaswe ngokungafanele ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile ngaphansi kwesimo esisodwa noma ngaphezulu kwesisodwa ezibandakanya ubuhlanga, ubulili, ukukhulelwa, isimo sokushada, ubuzwe noma indabuko, ibala, isimo sezocansi, ubudala, ukukhubazeka, inkolo, unembeza, inkolelo, isiko, ulimi kanye nokuzalwa. Isigaba 10. Wonke umuntu uzalwe enesithunzi nelungelo lokuba isithunzi sakhe sihlonishwe futhi sivikelwe. Isigaba 12 (1c). Wonke umuntu unelungelo lenkululeko nokuvikeleka njengomuntu, kubandakanya ilungelo lokukhululeka kuzo zonke izinhlobo zodlame ingabe emithonjeni yasemphakathini noma ekusithekeni. Isigaba 12 (2). Wonke umuntu unelungelo lokuvikeleka ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo kubandakanya ilungelo lokukwazi ukuvikela nokulawula okwenzeka emzimbeni wakhe. Isigaba 22. Zonke izakhamuzi zinelungelo lokukhetha uhwebo, umsebenzi noma umkhakha ezizosebenza kuwona ngokukhululeka. Ukusebenza kulolo hwebo, umsebenzi noma umkhakha womsebenzi kungalawulwa umthetho. Isigaba 23 (1). Wonke umuntu unelungelo lokuphathwa ngobulungiswa emsebenzini. Isigaba 24 (a). Wonke umuntu unelungelo lokuba sendaweni engalimazi impilo yakhe nenhlalakahle.
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Ukushaywa
INingizimu Afrika iyizwe elinodlame futhi abesifazane nezingane zakhona kaningi ziba yizisulu zalolu dlame.
Abesifazane abangaphezu kwengxenye abafayo minyaka yonke babulawa ngophathina babo besilisa futhi izimpawu eziyizixwayiso zisuke zicace bha. Uma nje indoda iqala ukushaya uphathina wayo, udlame lusuke luzoya ngokuya lukhula kuze kube ugcina esibhedlela noma egodini. Kunezinhlangano ezisiza abesifazane ababhekene nodlame ekhaya kodwa kwabesifazane abaningi abasebenza ezimayini, udlame lolu lukhona nasendleleni eya emsebenzini nasemsebenzini imbala. Udlame lungukusetshenziswa kwamandla nezikhwepha kowesifazane nokubandakanya, ukushaya, ukukhahlela, ukusakaza ngempama, ukugwaza, ukududula, ukuluma, ukuncinza, ukunukubeza noma ukuhlasela okufana nokudlwengula. Udlame lwasemsebenzini luphinde lubandakanye ukuhlukunyezwa nokwesatshiswa – akufanele neze uzibe ukwesatshiswa ngodlame – indoda esebenzisa indlela enodlame olubi ikhombisa ukwenyanya abantu besifazane. Kufanele ithathwe njengeyingozi.
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Udlame endleleni eya emsebenzini
Abesifazane abaningi abasebenza ezimayini babhekana nokuhlukunyezwa okwedlulele lapho belibangise emsebenzini. Lokhu kungaba abantu bebamemeza bebachapha ngenhlamba kuya ekubahlaseleni uqobo abesifazane. Kufanele uzame ukuhamba nabanye ukuze uvikeleke – kukhona ukuphepha ekuhambeni niyisixuku. Gwema ukuba wedwa etekisini noma ebhasini. Uma ungakwazi ukuthola abantu ozohamba nabo lapho-ke cela imayini ihlinzeke ngokuvikeleka – abesifazane abahamba ngabodwana bazithola beyizisulu zodlame lwabantu besilisa.
Gwema ukuhamba emva kokushona kwelanga uma kunokwenzeka, izigebengu ezinodlame zithanda ukucasha ngobumnyama ukuze zingabonwa.
Wazibe amagama ashiwoyo, afana nokuthi, “Untshontsha umsebenzi wamadoda.” “Awusiye owesifazane, uzama ukuzenza indoda.” Lawa avame ukuba ngamazwi ashiwo ngabantu abasebancane noma abantu abangazi lutho ngesimo sakho. Lezi zinhlobo zabantu azifundisekile futhi akubuyiseli ukuphikisana nazo ngoba akwazi ukulalela, zikwazi nje kuphela ukukhulumela safuthi amazwi azo angasho lutho. Bazibe.
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Udlame emsebenzini Ngokujwayelekile amadoda angakwazi ukuhlonipha abantu besifazane kanye nabesifazane basezimayini ikakhulukazi yilokho kanye okudala udlame emsebenzini kanye nokunukubeza ngokocansi. Baye bathi lokhu kungenxa yamahora omsebenzi amade kanye nomsebenzi wama-shift kodwa empeleni isinqumo sokushaya umuntu wesifazane singesabo nje – abakwazi ukusola abanye abantu ngalokhu.
Abakwazi ukusola umphakathi noma indlela abakhuliswa ngayo noma-ke ukuthi bangamadoda futhi banelungelo ‘lokuqondisa’ abantu besifazane. Kufanele basebenze nozakwabo futhi uma behluleka ukwenza lokho, leso yisenzo sobugebengu.
Udlame olubhekiswe kubantu besifazane lungenzeka emagumbini okushintsha, emahhovisi abasebenzi nasezindaweni ezingenabantu nezimnyama nasemaphasishini noma-ke nakuziphi ezinye izindawo lapho lezi zigangi zingagadla khona. Ayikho into ongayenza ukushintsha indlela yabo yokucabanga – uma ulwa, nabo bangalwa ngaphezu kwakho; uma unikezela, bazokuthatha lokho njengophawu lokuba buthakathaka bagadlele kuwena.
Okufanele ukwenze ukubika noma yikuphi ukuhlaselwa ngokushesha. Udlame kufanele lunqandwe – akusizi ukuthi, “Awu bandla, ungigile nje kanye kuphela endleleni ngase ngiyawa.” Inhloso beyisobala futhi esikhathini esilandelayo kuyoba ngamandla amakhulu futhi kube yingozi kakhulu. Awuvikeli nje kuphela wena kodwa uvikela bonke abesifazane abasebenza nalo muntu.
Kufanele futhi ukhuthaze abanye abesilisa ukuze kube khona abakwenzayo futhi bakweseke ekubikeni izehlakalo. Akuwona wonke amadoda anodlame, amaningi angabantu abalungile abanamakhosikazi nezingane, kodwa kudingeka bamelane naleli qeqebana lamadoda ayingozi kakhulu.
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Ukuphila neziga zokuhlaselwa okunodlame Uma uke wahlaselwa, uzothola ukuthi akubona nje ubuhlungu basemzimbeni kuphela okufanele udlule kubona kodwa nobuhlungu basemoyeni nabo. Uzothola ukuthi unokukhathazeka, unengcindezi noma uthukuthele.
Uma uthukuthele, udinga ukuthola ukwelulekwa ngenxa yentukuthelo yakho, ungathethisa izingane zakho noma uphathina wakho noma-ke ulimaze omunye umuntu. Ukuba ubuyela emsebenzini kwaye usUma uphindela emsebenzini futhi usadidekile, wesaba futhi ungakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo, lokhu kungaholela ezingozini nasekulimaleni nokungabeka abanye abasebenzi engozini. Udinga ukuba udlule kule mizwa ngokuthola ukwelulekwa.
Ungabi nokuzisola ngokuhlaselwa kwakho – akulona ‘iphutha’ lakho kodwa ukuziphatha kwendoda okubi. Kufanele uzibe noma ubani okutshela ukuthi yikho lokhu okwenzekayo uma ufuna ukusebenza endaweni yamadoda – cha akunjalo. Amadoda anodlame aphinde ahlasele namanye amadoda kodwa akekho oye asole lezo zisulu – pho kungani kuhlukile uma ungumuntu wesifazane?
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Ukwenza indawo yakho yomsebenzi ibe ngephelile Khuthaza wonke umuntu aphathe bonke abantu ngenhlonipho. Ungabi yingxenye yamahlaya alimazayo, ukuhlekisa ngabantu ngoba behlukile noma ukubiza abantu ngamagama amabi. Uma ukhombisa ukungahloniphi kumuntu othile noma iqembu labantu, abasebenzi bonke baba nokungenami. Ungahwebi ngocansi – uzozakhela igama elimbi, uzothola izifo futhi ngeke uthole okufunayo njalo ngoba abantu bazokubukela phansi.
Gcizelela ukuthi abaphathi bemayini bahlinzeke ngamagumbi okushintshela nezindlu zangasese ezihlukene futhi kube yicala ukuba owesilisa angene ezindaweni zabantu besifazane. Celani izikhathi zokuqeqeshwa kwabantu besilisa nabesifazane ezizokhombisa amavidiyo okulwa nodlame nokunukubeza. Yenza amaphosta acacile akhombisa ukuthi imayini ayihambisani nodlame. Cela bonke abesifazane basemayini bahlangane ndawonye bakhulume ngokukhululeka ngezinkinga zabo emaqenjini okwesekana. Gcizelela ukuba wonke amakomidi ezempilo nezokuphepha emayini yakho okungenani abe nelungu elilodwa nangaphezulu lesifazane. Ngabantu besifazane kuphela abaqondisisa kahle izinkinga ezithinta abantu besifazane emsebenzini.
Cela ukuba imayini ifake amakhamera okuqapha, onogada, izinkinobho zezimo eziphuthumayo kanye no-ova ezindaweni ezingasetshenziswa yizigebengu ukuhlasela.
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Ukwenza indawo yakho yomsebenzi ibe ngephelile Gwema ukusebenza ngawedwana, ikakhulukazi ebusuku – thola omunye wesifazane ozosebenza naye ukuze nobabili nibe nokuphepha kangconywana. Cela imayini itshele wonke umuntu inqubo yokufaka isikhalazo esisemthethweni – lokhu akufanele kube kukhompyutha kodwa kutholakale kuyifomu. Gcizelela ukuthi uma kwenzeka kuba nokuhlaselwa okwesabekayo, amaphoyisa angathintwa futhi kuqhubekwe kube yicala lokhu.
Ungalokothi uzibe uma ubona nasiphi na isenzo sokuziphatha noma izenzo ezingemukelekile zenziwa kozakwenu. Bika noma ungenelele – kungaba uwena olandelayo, uma ungasizi ukunqanda lokhu ngaleso sikhathi.
Mine Health and Safety Council (MHSC) Woodmead Business Park 145 Western Service Road Maple North Building Woodmead, Gauteng South Africa Tel: (011) 656 1797 Fax: (011) 656 1796
Mine Health and Safety Council